Soil organic matter content monitoring method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil organic matter content monitoring method and system, and relates to the technical field of soil monitoring, the method comprises the following steps: reacting quantum dots with organic matters in soil to form a fluorescent compound, and collecting fluorescent signals and environmental data in the soil, soil temperature T and humidity H in real time by using a fluorescent sensor and a ground sensor array; and the data is transmitted to an organic matter monitoring system through a wireless network. According to the method, the organic matter content information of the soil can be obtained in real time, and the accurate monitoring of the organic matter content of the soil is realized by correcting and evaluating the intensity and wavelength of the fluorescence signal. Compared with a traditional soil analysis method, the method has high sensitivity and high precision, the soil health state can be fed back in real time, it is ensured that abnormal changes of soil organic matter are found in time in agricultural management, and therefore more scientific decision support is provided for agricultural production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, and particularly to a method and system for monitoring soil organic matter content. Background Art

[0002] Soil is a basic component of agricultural and ecological systems, and the quality of soil directly affects the growth of crops and the stability of the ecological environment. Soil organic matter content is a key indicator for measuring soil quality, which affects various factors such as the water-holding capacity, nutrient supply capacity, and microbial activity of the soil. Therefore, the monitoring of soil organic matter content is crucial for agricultural management, ecological protection, and sustainable development. In this context, soil organic matter monitoring technology, as an independent research field, has received extensive attention and research. Traditional methods for measuring soil organic matter generally rely on chemical analysis techniques or spectroscopic analysis techniques, and these methods mostly obtain the soil organic matter content through laboratory sampling and subsequent analysis. With the progress of technology, the introduction of quantum dot technology provides a more accurate, sensitive, and real-time detection means for soil organic matter monitoring.

[0003] At the present stage, traditional methods for monitoring soil organic matter mostly adopt chemical analysis methods and spectroscopic analysis methods, such as wet chemical methods, infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, etc. Although these methods can accurately measure the soil organic matter content under laboratory conditions, they have some obvious limitations. First of all, these methods usually require soil sampling, and the analysis process is cumbersome and time-consuming, making it difficult to achieve real-time monitoring of soil organic matter. Secondly, chemical analysis methods require complex experimental equipment and professional technical personnel for operation, and the cost is relatively high. Although spectroscopic analysis methods are relatively fast, their accuracy and adaptability are affected by factors such as soil type and environmental conditions. In addition, most of the existing technologies rely on sampling the soil surface or a certain layer, and it is impossible to obtain comprehensive information about the deep soil. The above problems make it difficult for traditional soil organic matter monitoring methods to be applied on a large scale and for real-time monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring soil organic matter content, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: including the following steps:

[0006] S1. React quantum dots with soil organic matter to form a fluorescent complex, and use a fluorescence sensor and a ground sensor array to collect fluorescence signals and environmental data in the soil in real time;

[0007] S2. Build an organic matter monitoring system, transmit the fluorescence signal and environmental data into the organic matter monitoring system, and process the fluorescence signal and environmental data to obtain an organic matter data set;

[0008] S3. Build a fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model, calculate and output the fluorescence signal intensity If, set the upper limit Ith1 and lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point to correct and evaluate with the fluorescence signal intensity If, and then trigger the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism based on the corrected evaluation result;

[0009] S4. After the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism is triggered, calculate and output the fluorescence signal intensity correction value If in combination with the soil type corr , and then calculate and output the peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal according to the corrected fluorescence signal intensity correction value If corr ; peak ;

[0010] S5. Based on the current peak wavelength R peak and combine with the intensity of the current fluorescence signal, calculate the organic matter content Mom, set the organic matter threshold Mth to conduct a secondary comparison and evaluation with the organic matter content Mom, analyze the soil health condition, and trigger the fertilization amount optimization mechanism based on the soil health condition.

[0011] Preferably, S1 includes S11 and S12;

[0012] S11. By injecting surface-functionalized quantum dots at different depths of the soil, the quantum dots are adsorbed onto the soil organic matter, enabling the quantum dots to interact with the organic matter in the soil. Then, by exciting photons to excite the quantum dots, the organic matter and quantum dots in the soil absorb the exciting photons to form a fluorescent complex;

[0013] The functionalization treatment is achieved by modifying amino and carboxyl groups on the surface of the quantum dots;

[0014] S12. Activate the fluorescence sensor to continuously monitor the fluorescent complex in the soil and continuously collect the fluorescence signal in the soil;

[0015] And continuously collect the environmental data of the soil through the ground sensor array;

[0016] The ground sensor array includes a temperature sensor and a soil sensor;

[0017] The environmental data includes the soil temperature T and the soil humidity H.

[0018] Preferably, S2 includes S21 and S22;

[0019] S21. Use the Wi-Fi wireless network to wirelessly connect the fluorescence sensor and the ground sensor array to the organic matter monitoring system, and transmit the fluorescence signal and environmental data to the organic matter monitoring system. Perform data processing on the fluorescence signal and environmental data in the organic matter monitoring system. The data processing includes signal data processing and environmental data processing;

[0020] The signal data processing processes the fluorescence signal by removing noise, smoothing the signal, and performing baseline correction, and extracts the fluorescence data in the fluorescence signal. The fluorescence data includes the excitation photon energy Ea and the excitation photon intensity Iex;

[0021] S22. The environmental data processing summarizes the environmental data and fluorescence data, and uses normalization and standardization processing to eliminate the dimensional influence between all parameters in the environmental data and fluorescence data, and generates an organic matter data set;

[0022] The organic matter data set includes the soil temperature T, the soil humidity H, the excitation photon energy Ea, and the excitation photon intensity Iex.

[0023] Preferably, S3 includes S31 and S32;

[0024] S31. Extract the organic matter data set and input it into the fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model for calculation to output the fluorescence signal intensity If, and analyze the reaction of the organic matter in the soil;

[0025] The fluorescence signal intensity If is calculated and output through the following fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model;

[0026] ;

[0027] In the formula, k1 represents the fluorescence emission coefficient, exp represents the exponential function, R represents the gas constant, with a dimensionless value of 8.314, and f(H) represents the humidity correction function.

[0028] Preferably, S32. Based on the user's requirements for soil type and the standard range of fluorescence signal response, set the upper limit Ith1 and the lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point, and then perform a correction evaluation on the fluorescence critical point Ith and the fluorescence signal intensity If. The specific evaluation content is as follows;

[0029] When the fluorescence signal intensity If > the upper limit Ith1 of the fluorescence critical point, the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism is triggered at this time;

[0030] When the lower limit Ith2 of the critical point ≤ the fluorescence signal intensity If ≤ the upper limit Ith1 of the fluorescence critical point, it means that the fluorescence signal is normal. At this time, no correction is required, and the current fluorescence signal intensity If is directly used for peak analysis;

[0031] When the fluorescence signal intensity If < the lower critical value Ith2, the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism is triggered at this time.

[0032] Preferably, S4 includes S41 and S42;

[0033] S41. After the correction evaluation triggers the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism, based on the temperature and humidity and the characteristics of quantum dots, calculate and output the fluorescence signal intensity correction value If corr , and correct the fluorescence signal;

[0034] The fluorescence signal intensity correction value If corr is calculated and output through the following algorithm formula;

[0035] ;

[0036] In the formula, represents the temperature correction coefficient function, represents the humidity correction coefficient function, a T represents the temperature response index, dT represents the temperature micro-variable, and dH represents the humidity micro-variable.

[0037] Preferably, S42. Based on the corrected fluorescence signal intensity correction value If corr and the fluorescence signal intensity If, perform peak analysis and calculate and output the peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal peak ;

[0038] The peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal peak is calculated and output through the following algorithm formula;

[0039] ;

[0040] In the formula, ln represents the logarithmic function, represents the logarithmic correlation coefficient of the fluorescence signal intensity, represents the linear correlation coefficient of the fluorescence signal intensity, represents the power exponent of the influence of the fluorescence signal intensity on the wavelength, taking a dimensionless value.

[0041] Preferably, S5 includes S51, S52 and S53;

[0042] S51. Based on the intensity of the acquired fluorescence signal and the peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal peak , analyze the influence of organic matter on the fluorescence signal intensity and wavelength, and use regression analysis to calculate and output the organic matter content Mom of the soil;

[0043] The organic matter content Mom is calculated and output through the following algorithm formula;

[0044] ;

[0045] In the formula, a1 represents the exponential relationship coefficient between the fluorescence signal intensity and the wavelength, and a2 represents the exponential relationship coefficient of the peak wavelength of the fluorescence signal, both of which are dimensionless;

[0046] S52. Based on the standard organic matter content of different soil types, set the organic matter threshold Mth, and conduct a secondary comparison and evaluation between the organic matter content Mom and the organic matter threshold Mth to analyze the organic matter situation of the current soil. The specific evaluation content is as follows;

[0047] When the organic matter content Mom > the organic matter threshold Mth, it indicates that the soil organic matter is excessive, and at this time, the fertilization rate optimization mechanism is triggered;

[0048] When the organic matter content Mom ≤ the organic matter threshold Mth, it indicates that the soil organic matter is normal, and at this time, continue to monitor;

[0049] When the organic matter content Mom ≤ 1.5 × the organic matter threshold Mth, it indicates that the soil organic matter is abnormal, and at this time, the fertilization rate optimization mechanism is triggered.

[0050] Preferably, S53. After triggering the fertilization rate optimization mechanism, based on the organic matter content Mom of the current soil, calculate and output the fertilization rate Fopt, and adjust the fertilization mechanism of the soil;

[0051] The fertilization rate Fopt is calculated and output through the following algorithm formula;

[0052] ;

[0053] In the formula, k2 represents the fertilization rate adjustment coefficient, which adjusts the specific fertilization amount according to the soil type and the nature of the fertilizer, taking a dimensionless value, Mopt represents the target soil organic matter content, and A represents the land area.

[0054] A soil organic matter content monitoring system includes a fluorescence signal extraction module, a fluorescence signal processing module, a correction trigger module, a peak wavelength analysis module, and an organic matter monitoring module;

[0055] The fluorescence signal extraction module forms a fluorescence complex by reacting quantum dots with the soil for organic matter, and uses a fluorescence sensor and a ground sensor array to collect the fluorescence signal and environmental data in the soil in real time;

[0056] The fluorescence signal processing module transmits the fluorescence signal and environmental data into the organic matter monitoring system by constructing an organic matter monitoring system, and processes the fluorescence signal and environmental data to obtain an organic matter data set;

[0057] The correction trigger module calculates and outputs the fluorescence signal intensity If by constructing a fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model, and sets the upper limit Ith1 and lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point to perform correction evaluation with the fluorescence signal intensity If, and then triggers the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism based on the correction evaluation result;

[0058] After the peak wavelength analysis module is triggered by the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism, it calculates and outputs the corrected value If of the fluorescence signal intensity in combination with the soil type. corr Then, according to the corrected fluorescence signal intensity corrected value If corr it calculates and outputs the peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal. peak ;

[0059] The organic matter monitoring module, based on the current peak wavelength R peak combines with the intensity of the current fluorescence signal to calculate the organic matter content Mom, and sets the organic matter threshold Mth to conduct a secondary comparison and evaluation with the organic matter content Mom, analyzes the soil health condition, and triggers the fertilization amount optimization mechanism based on the soil health condition.

[0060] The present invention provides a method and system for monitoring soil organic matter content. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0061] (1) This method forms a fluorescent complex through the reaction of quantum dots with organic matter in the soil, uses a fluorescence sensor and a ground sensor array to collect the fluorescence signal and environmental data in the soil in real time, the soil temperature T and humidity H, and transmits the data to the organic matter monitoring system through a wireless network. This method can obtain the information of the soil organic matter content in real time, and through the correction evaluation of the intensity and wavelength of the fluorescence signal, it realizes the accurate monitoring of the soil organic matter content. Compared with the traditional soil analysis method, the present invention not only has high sensitivity and high precision, but also can provide real-time feedback on the soil health status, ensuring that the abnormal changes of soil organic matter can be detected in time in agricultural management, so as to provide more scientific decision-making support for agricultural production.

[0062] (2) By constructing a fluorescence signal intensity correction mechanism and combining soil types and environmental change factors, this method can dynamically correct the fluorescence signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the monitoring results. When the fluorescence signal intensity If exceeds the preset upper limit Ith1 and lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point range, the correction mechanism will be automatically triggered, and the influence of factors such as temperature and humidity changes and quantum dot characteristics on the fluorescence signal will be comprehensively considered for correction, ensuring that the output fluorescence signal intensity is closer to the actual soil organic matter state. This correction mechanism effectively eliminates the interference of the external environment, avoids monitoring errors caused by fluctuations in temperature, humidity, etc., and ensures that high-accuracy data can still be provided under different environmental conditions, thereby improving the reliability of soil organic matter monitoring.

[0063] (3) Through the precise monitoring and analysis of the soil organic matter content, the present invention can intelligently evaluate the health status of the soil and trigger a fertilization rate optimization mechanism based on real-time organic matter data. When it is detected that the soil organic matter content is lower than the normal level, the fertilization rate can be automatically adjusted to supplement the insufficient soil nutrients; when there is an excess of soil organic matter, the fertilization rate will be reduced to avoid over-fertilization. In particular, by setting an organic matter threshold Mth and making a secondary comparison between the current soil organic matter content Mom and the threshold, the fertilization rate can be effectively controlled, fertilizer waste can be reduced, and at the same time, soil nutrient imbalance and pollution can be avoided. This fertilization optimization mechanism provides a precise soil management solution for the sustainable development of agriculture, helps to increase crop yields, improve soil quality, reduce resource waste, and promote the development of green agriculture. Description of the Drawings

[0064] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring the soil organic matter content of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of a system for monitoring the soil organic matter content of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 3 It is a network topology diagram of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 4 It is an evaluation flow chart of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0068] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0069] Embodiment 1

[0070] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the present invention provides a method for monitoring the soil organic matter content. To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: including the following steps:

[0071] S1. React quantum dots with the soil to form a fluorescent complex, and use a fluorescence sensor and a ground sensor array to collect fluorescence signals and environmental data in the soil in real time;

[0072] S2. Build an organic matter monitoring system, transmit the fluorescence signal and environmental data into the organic matter monitoring system, and process the fluorescence signal and environmental data to obtain an organic matter data set;

[0073] S3. Build a fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model, calculate and output the fluorescence signal intensity If, set the upper limit Ith1 and lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point, and perform a correction evaluation on the fluorescence signal intensity If, and then trigger a fluorescence intensity correction mechanism based on the correction evaluation result;

[0074] S4. After the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism is triggered, calculate and output the corrected value If of the fluorescence signal intensity in combination with the soil type corr , and then based on the corrected fluorescence signal intensity corrected value If corr calculate and output the peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal peak ;

[0075] S5. Based on the current peak wavelength R peak in combination with the intensity of the current fluorescence signal, calculate the organic matter content Mom, set the organic matter threshold Mth, and perform a secondary comparison evaluation on the organic matter content Mom to analyze the soil health condition, and trigger a fertilization amount optimization mechanism based on the soil health condition.

[0076] In this embodiment, the method reacts quantum dots with organic matter in the soil to generate a fluorescent complex, and uses a fluorescence sensor and a ground sensor array to collect the fluorescence signal and environmental data in the soil in real time. The collected data is processed by an organic matter monitoring system to obtain an organic matter data set including fluorescence signal intensity, environmental data, etc. Next, through the constructed fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model, the fluorescence signal intensity If is calculated and output in real time, and based on the set upper limit Ith1 and lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point, the fluorescence signal is corrected and evaluated. If the fluorescence signal exceeds the critical value or is below the expected range, the system triggers a fluorescence intensity correction mechanism, further corrects it in combination with the soil type, and obtains the corrected value If of the fluorescence signal intensity corr, and calculate the peak wavelength Rpeak of the fluorescence signal. This series of data will be further used to calculate the organic matter content Mom in the soil, and conduct a secondary comparative evaluation with the set organic matter threshold Mth, so as to accurately judge the soil health status. Based on the above steps, the organic matter level of the soil can be monitored in real time, and through the fertilization rate optimization mechanism, the fertilization rate can be adjusted when the soil organic matter is too much or too little to achieve precise fertilization. This method effectively improves the accuracy and efficiency of soil management, reduces the possible errors and operation delays in traditional methods, ensures more reasonable use of resources in agricultural production, reduces fertilizer waste, and at the same time avoids soil quality decline or nutrient imbalance. Finally, the accurate monitoring of soil health and fertilization optimization can not only increase crop yields, but also promote the sustainable development of agriculture, reduce environmental pollution, and promote the realization of ecological agriculture.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , specifically: S1 includes S11 and S12;

[0079] S11. By injecting surface-functionalized quantum dots at different depths of the soil, the quantum dots adsorb onto the soil organic matter, causing the quantum dots to interact with the organic matter in the soil. Then, by exciting the quantum dots with exciting photons, the organic matter and quantum dots in the soil absorb the exciting photons to form a fluorescent complex;

[0080] The functionalization treatment is carried out by modifying amino and carboxyl groups on the surface of the quantum dots. These groups have unique chemical properties and can participate in chemical reactions that form fluorescence emission, especially when organic matter binds to quantum dots, metal ions, or other fluorescent materials;

[0081] S12. Start the fluorescence sensor to continuously monitor the fluorescent complex in the soil and continuously collect the fluorescence signal in the soil;

[0082] And continuously collect the environmental data of the soil through the ground sensor array;

[0083] The ground sensor array includes a temperature sensor and a soil sensor;

[0084] The environmental data includes soil temperature T and soil humidity H.

[0085] In this embodiment, the method involves injecting surface-functionalized quantum dots at different depths in the soil, enabling the quantum dots to interact with the organic matter in the soil. By exciting photons to excite the quantum dots, a stable fluorescent complex is formed. During this process, the amino and carboxyl groups on the surface of the quantum dots endow them with unique chemical properties, allowing them to react with organic substances, metal ions, or other fluorescent materials in the soil, thereby generating fluorescent signals in the soil. In this way, the binding of quantum dots to organic matter can improve the stability and reaction efficiency of the fluorescent signals, ensuring more accurate monitoring of soil organic matter. Subsequently, by activating the fluorescence sensor to continuously monitor the generated fluorescent complex, fluorescent signals in the soil can be continuously collected. At the same time, environmental data of the soil, such as soil temperature and humidity, are collected in combination with the ground sensor array. These environmental data will help to more accurately analyze the state of soil organic matter because the influence of factors such as temperature and humidity on fluorescent signals cannot be ignored. Through the comprehensive collection and analysis of these real-time data, the detection accuracy of soil health and organic matter level can be significantly improved. The beneficial effects of this embodiment are mainly reflected in the following aspects: on the one hand, the binding of functionalized quantum dots to soil organic matter enhances the stability of fluorescent signals, making the changes in fluorescent signals more sensitive and repeatable; on the other hand, by combining the real-time collection and analysis of environmental data such as temperature and humidity, the interference of environmental factors on signals can be eliminated, improving the accuracy and reliability of soil organic matter monitoring.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , specifically: S2 includes S21 and S22;

[0088] S21. Use the wireless network Wi-Fi to wirelessly connect the fluorescence sensor and the ground sensor array to the organic matter monitoring system, and transmit the fluorescence signal and environmental data to the organic matter monitoring system. In the organic matter monitoring system, data processing is performed on the fluorescence signal and environmental data. Data processing includes signal data processing and environmental data processing;

[0089] Signal data processing involves removing noise, smoothing the signal, and performing baseline correction on the fluorescence signal, and extracting fluorescence data from the fluorescence signal. The fluorescence data includes the excitation photon energy Ea and the excitation photon intensity Iex;

[0090] S22. Environmental data processing involves summarizing the environmental data and fluorescence data, and using normalization and standardization processing to eliminate the dimensional influence between all parameters in the environmental data and fluorescence data, generating an organic matter data set;

[0091] The organic matter data set includes soil temperature T, soil humidity H, excitation photon energy Ea, and excitation photon intensity Iex.

[0092] In this embodiment, the method wirelessly connects the fluorescence sensor and the ground sensor array to the organic matter monitoring system through the wireless network Wi-Fi, so as to realize the remote transmission and real-time monitoring of data. This process not only greatly improves the flexibility and efficiency of data collection, but also enables the monitoring to have stronger scalability and remote operation capabilities. By transmitting the fluorescence signal and environmental data to the organic matter monitoring, the data can be processed in real time, so as to ensure a quick response to soil health changes. The data processing includes two parts: First is the processing of the fluorescence signal, which involves removing noise, signal smoothing and baseline correction to ensure that the obtained fluorescence signal data is more accurate and reliable. Through this process, key parameters in the fluorescence signal, such as the excitation photon energy Ea and the excitation photon intensity Iex, are extracted and provide a basis for subsequent analysis. Secondly, in the environmental data processing part, by summarizing and standardizing the soil temperature T, soil humidity H and fluorescence data, the dimensional influence between parameters is eliminated, so that all data can be compared and analyzed under the same standard. The generated organic matter data set after such processing has higher comparability and consistency, and provides more reliable data support for the next step of organic matter analysis.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , specifically: S3 includes S31 and S32;

[0095] S31. Extract the organic matter data set and input it into the fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model for calculation to output the fluorescence signal intensity If, and analyze the reaction situation of the organic matter in the soil, as shown in Table 1;

[0096] The fluorescence signal intensity If is calculated and output through the following fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model;

[0097] ;

[0098] In the formula, k1 represents the fluorescence emission coefficient, exp represents the exponential function, R represents the gas constant, with a dimensionless value of 8.314, f(H) represents the humidity correction function. The change in humidity affects the interaction between organic substances and quantum dots in the soil. Therefore, f(H) needs to be experimentally fitted and can usually be assumed to be linear f(H)=1 + a H H, where a H represents the humidity response index, both taking dimensionless values, represents the influence of temperature on the fluorescence signal intensity If. The increase in temperature will cause the attenuation of the fluorescence signal intensity;

[0099] Table 1

[0100] Excitation photon intensity Iex Fluorescence signal intensity If 10 0.5 20 1.0 30 1.5 40 2.0

[0101] The k1 obtained by linear regression through historical data is the ratio of the fluorescence signal intensity If to the excitation photon intensity Iex. Obtain k1, that is, k1 = If / Iex = 2.0 / 40 = 0.05. Its physical meaning is to measure the relationship between the excitation light intensity and the fluorescence signal intensity, and is used to describe the efficiency of the fluorescence reaction.

[0102] S32. Based on the user's requirements for soil type and the standard range of fluorescence signal response, as shown in Table 2, set the upper limit Ith1 and the lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point. Then, perform a correction evaluation on the fluorescence critical point Ith and the fluorescence signal intensity If. The specific evaluation content is as follows;

[0103] When the fluorescence signal intensity If > the upper limit Ith1 of the fluorescence critical point, it means that the fluorescence signal exceeds the expected value, and at this time, the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism is triggered;

[0104] When the lower limit Ith2 of the critical point ≤ the fluorescence signal intensity If ≤ the upper limit Ith1 of the fluorescence critical point, it means that the fluorescence signal is normal, and at this time, no correction is required, and the current fluorescence signal intensity If is directly used for peak analysis;

[0105] When the fluorescence signal intensity If < the lower limit Ith2 of the critical point, it means that the fluorescence signal is lower than the expected value, and at this time, the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism is triggered;

[0106] Table 2:

[0107] Standard organic matter content of soil type Corresponding fluorescence signal intensity I range Measured fluorescence intensity If Whether it is within the normal range 5 [0.1,0.5] 0.3 Yes 10 [0.2,0.6] 0.55 Yes 15 [0.3,0.7] 0.21 No 20 [0.4,0.8] 0.85 No 25 [0.5,0.9] 0.6 Yes 30 [0.6,1.0] 1.1 No

[0108] .

[0109] In this embodiment, by extracting the organic matter data set and inputting it into the fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model, the accurate analysis of the reaction of organic matter in the soil is realized. Through this algorithm model, the fluorescence signal intensity If is calculated and output. This key parameter reflects the interaction between organic matter and quantum dots in the soil. The calculation of the fluorescence signal intensity is based on historical data regression and physical models, and the obtained fluorescence emission coefficient k1 is used to characterize the relationship between the excitation light intensity and the fluorescence signal intensity. Considering the influence of environmental factors, the humidity correction function f(H) and the influence of temperature on the signal intensity are incorporated into the model, so as to ensure that the calculation results of the fluorescence signal intensity have higher accuracy under different environmental conditions.

[0110] Based on the soil type and the standard range of fluorescence signal response, the upper limit Ith1 and the lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point are set, and the fluorescence signal intensity is corrected and evaluated. This correction mechanism ensures that when the fluorescence signal exceeds or is lower than the expected value, it can be adjusted in time to prevent data deviation caused by changes in the external environment or measurement errors. When the fluorescence signal is within the normal range, the data can be directly used for subsequent peak analysis without additional correction, thereby improving the efficiency of the monitoring process. The beneficial effects of this implementation method are reflected in multiple aspects: First, through the accurate calculation of the fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model, it can dynamically and accurately reflect the changes in soil organic matter, avoiding the possible over-simplification or error problems in traditional methods. Second, the introduction of humidity and temperature correction functions ensures the reliability and accuracy of the data under different environmental conditions, thereby improving the applicability and universality. By setting the fluorescence critical point and performing correction and evaluation, it can handle complex situations under different soil and environmental conditions, automatically optimize the data processing flow, and avoid affecting the monitoring results due to abnormal signals.

[0111] Example 5

[0112] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , specifically: S4 includes S41 and S42;

[0113] S41. After the correction and evaluation trigger the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism, based on the temperature, humidity, and quantum dot characteristics, calculate and output the corrected value If of the fluorescence signal intensity corr , and correct the fluorescence signal;

[0114] The corrected value If of the fluorescence signal intensity corr is calculated and output through the following algorithm formula;

[0115] ;

[0116] In the formula, represents the temperature correction coefficient function, represents the humidity correction coefficient function, a T represents the temperature response index, dT represents the temperature micro-variable, dH represents the humidity micro-variable, represents the temperature correction term. Different temperatures may affect the fluorescence emission characteristics of quantum dots. Especially when the temperature rises, the energy state of quantum dots may change, thereby affecting the fluorescence intensity. By integrating the temperature T, the cumulative effect of temperature changes on the fluorescence signal can be accumulated;

[0117] Denote the humidity correction term. Humidity also affects the fluorescence signal intensity. When the humidity is high, moisture may affect the fluorescence emission efficiency of quantum dots. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the correction of the fluorescence signal intensity due to humidity changes. The humidity correction term expresses the influence of humidity changes on the signal intensity through integration.

[0118] S42. Based on the corrected fluorescence signal intensity correction value If corr and the fluorescence signal intensity If, perform peak analysis to calculate the peak wavelength R of the output fluorescence signal peak ;

[0119] The peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal peak is calculated and output through the following algorithm formula;

[0120] ;

[0121] In the formula, ln represents the logarithmic function, represents the logarithmic correlation coefficient of the fluorescence signal intensity, represents the linear correlation coefficient of the fluorescence signal intensity, represents the power exponent of the influence of the fluorescence signal intensity on the wavelength, taking a dimensionless value, represents that when the fluorescence signal intensity If > the upper limit Ith1 of the fluorescence critical point and the fluorescence signal intensity If < the lower limit Ith2 of the critical point, take the fluorescence signal intensity correction value If corr , and when the lower limit Ith2 of the critical point ≤ the fluorescence signal intensity If ≤ the upper limit Ith1 of the fluorescence critical point, take the value of the fluorescence signal intensity If.

[0122] In this embodiment, the method calculates and outputs the correction value If of the fluorescence signal intensity by considering the influence of environmental temperature and humidity and the characteristics of quantum dots. corr . The correction value If of the fluorescence signal intensity corr accurately reflects the long-term cumulative effect of temperature and humidity changes on the fluorescence signal intensity by integrating the micro-variables of temperature and humidity. For example, temperature changes may affect the energy state of quantum dots, thereby changing the fluorescence emission characteristics; while humidity changes may affect the signal intensity by changing the fluorescence emission efficiency of quantum dots. Through the correction of these environmental factors, the interference of temperature and humidity fluctuations on the fluorescence signal intensity can be eliminated, ensuring an accurate reflection of the signal intensity. Based on the corrected fluorescence signal intensity correction value If corrBased on the original fluorescence signal intensity If, the peak wavelength Rpeak of the fluorescence signal was further calculated and output. Through this step, the wavelength characteristics of the fluorescence signal can be accurately obtained, revealing the interaction characteristics between organic matter and quantum dots in the soil. During the calculation process, the logarithmic correlation and linear correlation between the fluorescence signal intensity and wavelength were introduced, and according to the set upper limit Ith1 and lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point, the corrected signal intensity value was intelligently selected to improve the calculation accuracy of the peak wavelength. Through the above method, accurate fluorescence signal intensity correction and peak wavelength calculation can be carried out under different environmental conditions, greatly improving the reliability of soil organic matter monitoring. Specifically, this correction mechanism effectively avoids the interference of external factors on the signal intensity, improving the stability and accuracy of the data. Whether in an environment with large fluctuations in temperature and humidity or in a complex soil condition scenario, it can accurately reflect the true situation of organic matter in the soil, providing more accurate data support for soil health assessment.

[0123] Example 6

[0124] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , specifically: S5 includes S51, S52 and S53;

[0125] S51. Based on the intensity of the acquired fluorescence signal and the peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal peak , analyze the influence of organic matter on the fluorescence signal intensity and wavelength, and use regression analysis to calculate and output the organic matter content Mom of the soil;

[0126] The organic matter content Mom is calculated and output through the following algorithm formula;

[0127] ;

[0128] In the formula, a1 represents the exponential relationship coefficient between the fluorescence signal intensity and wavelength, and a2 represents the exponential relationship coefficient of the fluorescence signal peak wavelength, both of which are dimensionless;

[0129] S52. Based on the standard organic matter content of different soil types, set the organic matter threshold Mth, and conduct a secondary comparison and evaluation between the organic matter content Mom and the organic matter threshold Mth to analyze the organic matter situation of the current soil. The specific evaluation content is as follows;

[0130] When the organic matter content Mom > the organic matter threshold Mth, it means that the soil organic matter is excessive, that is, the organic matter is higher than the normal level, and at this time, the fertilization amount optimization mechanism is triggered;

[0131] When the organic matter content Mom ≤ the organic matter threshold Mth, it means that the soil organic matter is normal, and at this time, continue to monitor;

[0132] When the organic matter content Mom ≤ 1.5 × organic matter threshold Mth, it indicates that the soil organic matter is abnormal, that is, the organic matter is below the normal level, and at this time, the fertilization rate optimization mechanism is triggered.

[0133] S53. After triggering the fertilization rate optimization mechanism, based on the current soil organic matter content Mom, calculate and output the fertilization rate Fopt, and adjust the soil fertilization mechanism;

[0134] The fertilization rate Fopt is calculated and output through the following algorithm formula;

[0135] ;

[0136] In the formula, k2 represents the fertilization rate adjustment coefficient, which adjusts the specific fertilization amount according to the soil type and the nature of the fertilizer, takes a dimensionless value, Mopt represents the target soil organic matter content, and A represents the land area.

[0137] In this embodiment, the method calculates and outputs the soil organic matter content Mom based on the data of the fluorescence signal intensity and the peak wavelength Rpeak through regression analysis. This calculation considers the exponential relationship between the fluorescence signal intensity and the wavelength to quantitatively reflect the change of organic matter in the soil. This method can effectively extract the soil organic matter information from the optical signal and provide high-precision data support for soil health assessment. The organic matter threshold Mth is set as a reference standard and is used for secondary comparison and evaluation with the calculated organic matter content Mom. When the organic matter content exceeds the normal range, the fertilization rate optimization mechanism will be triggered, thus avoiding the phenomenon of excessive or insufficient soil organic matter. For example, if the organic matter is excessive, the fertilization rate optimization will be automatically triggered to avoid environmental pollution caused by over-fertilization; if the organic matter content is insufficient, the fertilization rate optimization will be triggered to improve the soil quality and ensure that the soil is at the most suitable organic matter level. After triggering the fertilization rate optimization mechanism, the most suitable fertilization rate Fopt is calculated and output based on the current soil organic matter content Mom. This fertilization rate is calculated through a specific adjustment coefficient k2 and the target soil organic matter content Mopt, considering factors such as soil type, fertilizer nature, and land area, to ensure the accuracy and scientificity of the fertilization rate. Through this intelligent fertilization adjustment mechanism, the fertilization rate can be accurately controlled, the soil quality can be optimized, and resource waste and environmental pollution can be reduced.

[0138] Embodiment 7

[0139] Please refer to Figure 2 , a soil organic matter content monitoring system, including a fluorescence signal extraction module, a fluorescence signal processing module, a correction trigger module, a peak wavelength analysis module, and an organic matter monitoring module;

[0140] The fluorescence signal extraction module forms a fluorescence complex by using quantum dots to react with organic matter in the soil, and uses a fluorescence sensor and a ground sensor array to collect fluorescence signals and environmental data in the soil in real time;

[0141] The fluorescence signal processing module transmits the fluorescence signals and environmental data into the organic matter monitoring system by constructing an organic matter monitoring system, and processes the fluorescence signals and environmental data to obtain an organic matter data set;

[0142] The correction trigger module constructs a fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model, calculates and outputs the fluorescence signal intensity If, sets the upper limit Ith1 and the lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point to perform a correction evaluation with the fluorescence signal intensity If, and then triggers the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism based on the correction evaluation result;

[0143] After the peak wavelength analysis module is triggered by the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism, it calculates and outputs the corrected value If of the fluorescence signal intensity in combination with the soil type corr , and then calculates and outputs the peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal according to the corrected corrected value If of the fluorescence signal intensity corr ; peak ;

[0144] The organic matter monitoring module calculates the organic matter content Mom based on the current peak wavelength R peak in combination with the intensity of the current fluorescence signal, sets the organic matter threshold Mth to perform a secondary comparison evaluation with the organic matter content Mom, analyzes the soil health condition, and triggers the fertilization amount optimization mechanism based on the soil health condition.

[0145] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the content of soil organic matter, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. React quantum dots with soil organic matter to form a fluorescent complex, and use a fluorescence sensor and a ground sensor array to collect fluorescence signals and environmental data in the soil in real time; S2. Build an organic matter monitoring system, transmit the fluorescence signal and environmental data into the organic matter monitoring system, and perform data processing on the fluorescence signal and environmental data to obtain an organic matter data set; S3. Build a fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model, calculate and output the fluorescence signal intensity If, set the upper limit Ith1 and lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point to correct and evaluate with the fluorescence signal intensity If, and then trigger the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism based on the corrected evaluation result; S4. After the re-fluorescence intensity correction mechanism is triggered, calculate and output the corrected fluorescence signal intensity value If in combination with the soil type corr , and then calculate and output the peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal according to the corrected fluorescence signal intensity value If corr ; peak ; S5. Based on the current peak wavelength R peak Combined with the intensity of the current fluorescence signal, calculate the organic matter content Mom, and set the organic matter threshold Mth for a secondary comparison and evaluation with the organic matter content Mom to analyze the soil health condition, and trigger the fertilization amount optimization mechanism based on the soil health condition.

2. A method for monitoring the soil organic matter content according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 includes S11 and S12; S11. Inject surface-functionalized quantum dots at different depths of the soil. The quantum dots adsorb onto the soil organic matter, causing the quantum dots to interact with the organic matter in the soil. Then, excite the quantum dots with exciting photons, so that the organic matter and quantum dots in the soil absorb the exciting photons to form a fluorescent complex; The functionalization treatment is carried out by modifying amino groups and carboxyl groups on the surface of the quantum dots; S12. Start the fluorescence sensor to monitor the fluorescent complex in the soil in real time and collect the fluorescence signal in the soil in real time; And collect the environmental data of the soil in real time through the ground sensor array; The ground sensor array includes a temperature sensor and a soil sensor; The environmental data includes soil temperature T and soil humidity H.

3. A method for monitoring soil organic matter content according to claim 2, characterized in that: S2 includes S21 and S22; S21. Use the wireless network Wi-Fi to wirelessly connect the fluorescence sensor and the ground sensor array to the organic matter monitoring system, and transmit the fluorescence signal and environmental data into the organic matter monitoring system. Perform data processing on the fluorescence signal and environmental data in the organic matter monitoring system. The data processing includes signal data processing and environmental data processing; The signal data processing is carried out by removing noise, smoothing the signal and baseline correction on the fluorescence signal, and extracting the fluorescence data in the fluorescence signal. The fluorescence data includes the exciting photon energy Ea and the exciting photon intensity Iex; S22. The environmental data processing is carried out by summarizing the environmental data and fluorescence data, and using normalization and standardization processing to eliminate the dimensional influence between all parameters in the environmental data and fluorescence data, and generate an organic matter data set; The organic matter data set includes soil temperature T, soil humidity H, exciting photon energy Ea and exciting photon intensity Iex.

4. A method for monitoring the soil organic matter content according to claim 3, characterized in that: S3 includes S31 and S32; S31. Extract the organic matter data set and input it into the fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model, calculate and output the fluorescence signal intensity If, and analyze the reaction situation of the organic matter in the soil; The fluorescence signal intensity If is calculated and output through the following fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model; ； In the formula, k1 represents the fluorescence emission coefficient, exp represents the exponential function, R represents the gas constant, with a value of 8.314 dimensionless, and f(H) represents the humidity correction function.

5. A method for monitoring the soil organic matter content according to claim 4, characterized in that: S32. Based on the user's requirements for soil type and the standard range of fluorescence signal response, set the upper limit Ith1 and lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point, and then perform a correction evaluation on the fluorescence critical point Ith and the fluorescence signal intensity If. The specific evaluation content is as follows; When the fluorescence signal intensity If > the upper limit Ith1 of the fluorescence critical point, the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism is triggered at this time; When the lower limit Ith2 of the critical point ≤ the fluorescence signal intensity If ≤ the upper limit Ith1 of the fluorescence critical point, it indicates that the fluorescence signal is normal, and no correction is required at this time. Then directly use the current fluorescence signal intensity If to enter the peak analysis; When the fluorescence signal intensity If < the lower limit Ith2 of the critical point, the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism is triggered at this time.

6. A method for monitoring the soil organic matter content according to claim 1, characterized in that: S4 includes S41 and S42; S41. After the correction evaluation triggers the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism, calculate and output the fluorescence signal intensity correction value If based on the temperature, humidity, and quantum dot characteristics; corr correct the fluorescence signal. Fluorescent signal intensity correction value If corr It is calculated and output through the following algorithm formula; ； In the formula, represents the temperature correction coefficient function, represents the humidity correction coefficient function, a T represents the temperature response index, dT represents the temperature micro-variable, and dH represents the humidity micro-variable.

7. A method for monitoring soil organic matter content according to claim 6, characterized in that: S42. Correct the peak wavelength R of the output fluorescence signal by performing peak analysis based on the corrected fluorescence signal intensity correction value If corr and the fluorescence signal intensity If. peak ; Peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal peak The output is calculated through the following algorithm formula; ； Wherein, ln represents the logarithmic function, represents the logarithmic correlation coefficient of the fluorescence signal intensity, represents the linear correlation coefficient of the fluorescence signal intensity, represents the power exponent of the influence of the fluorescence signal intensity on the wavelength, taking a dimensionless value.

8. A method for monitoring the soil organic matter content according to claim 6, characterized in that: S5 includes S51, S52 and S53; S51. Based on the intensity of the acquired fluorescence signal and the peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal peak , analyze the influence of organic matter on the intensity and wavelength of the fluorescence signal, and use regression analysis to calculate and output the organic matter content Mom of the soil; The organic matter content Mom is calculated and output through the following algorithm formula; ； In the formula, a1 represents the exponential relationship coefficient between the fluorescence signal intensity and the wavelength, and a2 represents the exponential relationship coefficient of the fluorescence peak wavelength, both taking dimensionless values; S52. Based on the standard organic matter content of different soil types, set the organic matter threshold Mth, and perform a secondary comparison evaluation on the organic matter content Mom and the organic matter threshold Mth to analyze the organic matter situation of the current soil. The specific evaluation content is as follows; When the organic matter content Mom > the organic matter threshold Mth, it indicates that the soil organic matter is excessive, and the fertilization rate optimization mechanism is triggered at this time; When the organic matter content Mom ≤ the organic matter threshold Mth, it indicates that the soil organic matter is normal, and continuous monitoring is carried out at this time; When the organic matter content Mom ≤ 1.5 × the organic matter threshold Mth, it indicates that the soil organic matter is abnormal, and the fertilization rate optimization mechanism is triggered at this time.

9. A method for monitoring the soil organic matter content according to claim 8, characterized in that: S53. After triggering the fertilization rate optimization mechanism, based on the organic matter content Mom of the current soil, calculate and output the fertilization rate Fopt to adjust the fertilization mechanism of the soil; The fertilization rate Fopt is calculated and output through the following algorithm formula; ； In the formula, k2 represents the fertilization rate adjustment coefficient, which adjusts the specific fertilization amount according to the soil type and the nature of the fertilizer, taking a dimensionless value, Mopt represents the target soil organic matter content, and A represents the land area.

10. A soil organic matter content monitoring system, which is applied to a method for monitoring soil organic matter content according to any one of claims 1-9, and is characterized in that: It includes a fluorescence signal extraction module, a fluorescence signal processing module, a correction trigger module, a peak wavelength analysis module and an organic matter monitoring module; The fluorescence signal extraction module forms a fluorescent complex by using quantum dots to react with the organic matter in the soil, and uses a fluorescence sensor and a ground sensor array to collect the fluorescence signal and environmental data in the soil in real time; The fluorescence signal processing module transmits the fluorescence signal and environmental data to the organic matter monitoring system by constructing an organic matter monitoring system, and processes the fluorescence signal and environmental data to obtain an organic matter data set; The correction trigger module calculates and outputs the fluorescence signal intensity If by constructing a fluorescence signal intensity algorithm model, sets the upper limit Ith1 and lower limit Ith2 of the fluorescence critical point to perform a correction evaluation with the fluorescence signal intensity If, and then triggers the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism based on the correction evaluation result; After being triggered by the fluorescence intensity correction mechanism, the peak wavelength analysis module calculates and outputs the corrected fluorescence signal intensity value If in combination with the soil type corr , and then calculates and outputs the peak wavelength R of the fluorescence signal based on the corrected fluorescence signal intensity value If corr peak ;​ The organic matter monitoring module calculates the organic matter content Mom by using the current peak wavelength R peak in combination with the intensity of the current fluorescence signal, sets a secondary comparison and evaluation between the organic matter threshold Mth and the organic matter content Mom, analyzes the soil health condition, and triggers a fertilization amount optimization mechanism based on the soil health condition.

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