Aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid, battery and preparation method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of electrochemical energy storage technology, and specifically discloses an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid, a battery and a preparation method thereof. The electrolyte uses water as a solvent and contains a zinc salt and a maleamic acid additive. Maleamic acid forms a stable interface protective layer on the zinc surface through the selective adsorption of its polar carboxyl functional group, significantly reduces the free water activity at the electrode / electrolyte interface, inhibits hydrogen evolution and by-products; increases the nucleation overpotential of zinc deposition, promotes uniform nucleation of zinc ions; induces the preferential growth of zinc crystal faces, forms a dense and ordered deposition layer dominated by the (101) crystal face, and thus inhibits dendrites. The battery assembled using the electrolyte exhibits excellent cycle stability. The electrolyte provided by the present invention has a simple formula, low cost, and is environmentally friendly, providing a new solution for the development of high-safety, long-life aqueous zinc ion batteries, and has important application value in the field of large-scale energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage, and in particular relates to an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid, an aqueous zinc ion battery assembled using the electrolyte, and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the accelerated transformation of the global energy structure, the expansion of industrial production, the booming new energy vehicle industry, and the rapid rise of information industries such as artificial intelligence, the demand for efficient energy storage technologies has exploded. Among the many energy storage technologies, electrochemical energy storage, with its significant advantages such as manageable costs, high energy conversion efficiency, and wide application scenarios, has become one of the core technologies supporting the modern energy system. Secondary batteries, represented by lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and zinc-ion batteries, as important carriers of electrochemical energy storage, play a key role in various fields.

[0003] Lithium-ion batteries, with their high energy density and long cycle life, dominate applications in consumer electronics, new energy vehicles, medical devices, and other fields. However, they use organic electrolytes, which are flammable and explosive. Furthermore, during the charge and discharge process, sharp dendrites easily form on the lithium metal negative electrode. When these dendrites pierce the separator, causing a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes, the instantaneous release of heat within the battery can cause the electrolyte to violently combust, significantly limiting the expansion of lithium-ion batteries in large-scale energy storage applications.

[0004] Aqueous zinc-ion batteries use aqueous solutions as their electrolyte, fundamentally eliminating the safety risks associated with organic electrolytes. They offer significant advantages, including inherent safety and environmental friendliness. Furthermore, zinc is abundant in the Earth's crust and relatively inexpensive. Due to their abundant resources, low cost, and ease of recycling, aqueous zinc-ion batteries are considered a key development direction for next-generation energy storage technology. However, the dendrite growth problem of the zinc metal anode has become a key bottleneck hindering the industrialization of aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

[0005] Existing research has confirmed that achieving a single preferred orientation of the zinc deposition crystal plane is the core strategy for inhibiting dendrite growth. The current mainstream solutions include electrolyte additive modification, artificial construction of electrode protective layers, and optimization of the metal zinc negative electrode structure. Among them, electrolyte additives have become a research hotspot in academia and industry due to their simple operation and significant control effect. However, traditional additives generally have problems such as strong toxicity (such as fluorine-containing compounds), high corrosiveness (such as strong acidic additives), and high economic costs. Moreover, it is difficult to effectively extend the battery cycle life under high current density (>5 mA / cm²) conditions. Existing additives mostly focus on regulating the preferred orientation of the (002) crystal plane. Although this crystal plane has low surface energy and high packing density, it is very easy to produce lattice mismatch during the deposition process, resulting in stress concentration in the zinc crystal and uneven local electric field distribution, which triggers secondary growth of dendrites during subsequent deposition. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the technical bottlenecks of uncontrollable zinc negative electrode dendrite growth and severe interfacial side reactions in existing aqueous zinc ion batteries. It proposes an innovative solution to regulate the electrode / electrolyte interface through molecular design, aiming to achieve uniform deposition of zinc ions and inhibit side reactions, thereby improving battery cycle stability and safety.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid, comprising a solvent, a zinc salt and maleamic acid, wherein the mass ratio of the maleamic acid to the solvent is (1-10):100, and the concentration of the zinc salt added to the solvent is 1-3 mol / kg.

[0008] Further improvement of aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid:

[0009] Preferably, the zinc salt is ZnSO4 or Zn(ClO4)2.

[0010] Preferably, the solvent is deionized water.

[0011] A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid, comprising the following steps: adding maleamic acid to deionized water, heating and dissolving to form a homogeneous solution, cooling to room temperature, and then adding zinc salt and stirring until completely dissolved.

[0012] As a further improvement to the preparation method of the above-mentioned aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid:

[0013] Preferably, the temperature for heating and dissolving maleamic acid in deionized water is 60-80°C.

[0014] A third object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous zinc ion battery assembled using an electrolyte containing maleamic acid.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above aqueous zinc ion battery:

[0016] Preferably, the aqueous zinc ion battery is assembled by stacking a positive electrode, a separator, a negative electrode, a gasket and a spring in sequence and then injecting an electrolyte.

[0017] Preferably, the material of the positive electrode is NH4V4O 10 Or Cu.

[0018] Preferably, the negative electrode is a zinc sheet.

[0019] Preferably, the diaphragm is glass fiber or filter paper.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared to the prior art are:

[0021] (1) The present invention provides an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte, using deionized water as a solvent, comprising a zinc salt solute and a maleamic acid functional additive. Maleamic acid, as an endogenous metabolite of plants and animals, can be prepared at low cost through a biofermentation method. It is non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and low-cost, avoiding the toxicity and corrosiveness of traditional fluorine- and cyanide-containing additives.

[0022] The unique molecular structure of maleamic acid enables multi-dimensional regulation of the microenvironment of the zinc negative electrode interface: the carboxyl functional group of maleamic acid anchors the zinc negative electrode surface through strong chemical adsorption (adsorption energy <-2.3 eV), constructing a molecular barrier at the electrode / electrolyte interface, which can reduce the water content at the electrode / electrolyte interface to reduce the hydrogen evolution side reaction, and the coulombic efficiency is increased to 99.3%; at the same time, the nucleation overpotential of zinc atoms is increased by 15 mV through molecule-metal interaction, promoting uniform nucleation; through the selective adsorption of maleamic acid on different zinc crystal planes, the zinc deposition process can be precisely controlled, inducing a highly preferential orientation of the crystal plane, and realizing dense and ordered zinc deposition dominated by the (101) crystal plane, effectively improving the cycle stability of aqueous zinc ion batteries at high current density, and providing a new technical path for breaking through the bottleneck of aqueous zinc ion battery industrialization. In contrast, the lattice mismatch of the (101) crystal plane is only 1 / 3 of that of the (002) crystal plane, which is more conducive to achieving a uniform and dense zinc deposition layer, forming a dense deposition with the (101) crystal plane diffraction intensity accounting for more than 80%, and the dendrite inhibition performance is significantly higher than that of the conventional electrolyte system.

[0023] (2) The present invention provides a method for preparing an electrolyte using a "gradient dissolution-room temperature mixing" process. The gradient dissolution process ensures uniform dispersion of additive molecules and avoids agglomeration. Complex conditions such as an inert atmosphere, high temperature, and high pressure are not required, and the preparation cost is lower than that of a "salt-in-water" system. The electrolyte formula can be engineered to meet the needs of large-scale production.

[0024] (3) The battery assembled with the aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid of the present invention has a capacity of up to 420 mAh g -1 Above, and the cycle life is significantly increased. Zn / / NH4V4O 10 Full battery at 5Ag -1 After 900 cycles at the same current density, the discharge capacity remains at 350 mA h g -1 The capacity retention rate reached 95%, while the control group using conventional electrolyte had a short circuit after 300 cycles. -2 - 20mAh cm -2 Under these conditions, the battery can operate stably for over 80 hours, a five-fold increase compared to the additive-free control group (<16 hours). The negative electrode deposition height remains consistently below 35μm, with no risk of dendrites piercing the separator. This demonstrates excellent interfacial stability and safety, providing an innovative solution for large-scale energy storage. The synergistic effect of zinc salts and maleamic acid forms an in-situ mechanically flexible composite interfacial layer on the zinc negative electrode surface, effectively blocking side reactions and buffering volume change stress. This extends the cycle life of aqueous zinc-ion batteries and promotes their industrial application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 20mA cm -2 XRD comparison diagrams of zinc sheets after being deposited in the electrolytes prepared in Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-3 for 0.5 hours at different current densities.

[0026] Figure 2 The electrolytes prepared in Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-3 were used to assemble Zn / / Zn pair batteries. -2 -20mAh cm -2 Comparison chart of cycle performance under test conditions.

[0027] Figure 3 The Zn / / Zn pair battery assembled using the electrolytes prepared in Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 was tested at 20 mA cm -2 -20mAh cm -2 3D confocal images of the surface after cycling under test conditions.

[0028] Figure 4The Zn / / Zn pair battery assembled using the electrolytes prepared in Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 was tested at 20 mA cm -2 -20mAh cm -2 DMT modulus of the surface after cycling under test conditions.

[0029] Figure 5 The Zn / / Cu half-cells assembled with the electrolytes prepared in Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-3 were tested at 0.2 mA cm -2 -0.2mAh cm -2 Coulombic efficiency under test conditions.

[0030] Figure 6 The Zn / / NH4V4O electrolyte prepared by using the electrolytes prepared in Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-3 is 10 Full battery, at 5Ag -1 Comparison of cycling performance under different current densities.

[0031] Figure 7 Zn / / NH4V4O prepared by using the electrolytes prepared in Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 10 Full battery, at 1Ag -1 Capacity-voltage curves at different current densities.

[0032] Figure 8 The Zn / / Zn pair cells assembled using the electrolytes prepared in Comparative Example 2 and Examples 4-6 were tested at 20 mA cm -2 -20mAh cm -2 Comparison chart of cycle performance under test conditions.

[0033] Figure 9 The Zn / / Cu half-cells assembled with the electrolytes prepared in Comparative Example 2 and Examples 4-6 were tested at 0.2 mA cm -2 - 0.2mAh cm -2 Coulombic efficiency under test conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Comparative Example 1

[0036] This comparative example provides an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

[0037] 0.3 mol of zinc perchlorate was added to 100 g of deionized water at a concentration of 3 mol / kg to obtain a common aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte 1.

[0038] Comparative Example 2

[0039] This comparative example provides an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

[0040] 0.2 mol of zinc sulfate was added to 100 g of deionized water at a concentration of 2 mol / kg to obtain a common aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte 2.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte capable of suppressing dendrites and byproducts, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

[0043] 1 g of maleamic acid was added to 100 g of deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:100, and the solution was dissolved by ultrasonication at 70°C to form a homogeneous solution. After cooling to room temperature, 0.3 mol of zinc perchlorate was added and stirred until completely dissolved. The concentration of zinc perchlorate added in the solvent was 3 mol / kg, thereby obtaining an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte 1 containing maleamic acid.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] This embodiment provides an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte capable of suppressing dendrites and byproducts, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

[0046] 5 g of maleamic acid was added to 100 g of deionized water at a mass ratio of 5:100, and the solution was dissolved by ultrasonication at 70°C to form a homogeneous solution. After cooling to room temperature, 0.3 mol of zinc perchlorate was added and stirred until completely dissolved. The concentration of zinc perchlorate in the solvent was 3 mol / kg, thereby obtaining aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte 2 containing maleamic acid.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] This embodiment provides an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte capable of suppressing dendrites and byproducts, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

[0049] 10 g of maleamic acid was added to 100 g of deionized water at a mass ratio of 10:100, and the solution was heated to 70°C and ultrasonically dissolved to form a homogeneous solution. After cooling to room temperature, 0.3 mol of zinc perchlorate was added and stirred until completely dissolved. The concentration of zinc perchlorate added in the solvent was 3 mol / kg, thereby obtaining aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte 3 containing maleamic acid.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] This embodiment provides an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte capable of suppressing dendrites and byproducts, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

[0052] 5 g of maleamic acid was added to 100 g of deionized water at a mass ratio of 5:100, and the solution was dissolved by ultrasonication at 60°C to form a homogeneous solution. After cooling to room temperature, 0.1 mol of zinc sulfate was added and stirred until completely dissolved. The concentration of zinc sulfate added in the solvent was 1 mol / kg, thereby obtaining aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte 4 containing maleamic acid.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] This embodiment provides an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte capable of suppressing dendrites and byproducts, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

[0055] 5 g of maleamic acid was added to 100 g of deionized water at a mass ratio of 5:100, and the solution was dissolved by ultrasonication at 80°C to form a homogeneous solution. After cooling to room temperature, 0.2 mol of zinc sulfate was added and stirred until completely dissolved. The concentration of zinc sulfate added in the solvent was 2 mol / kg, thereby obtaining an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte 5 containing maleamic acid.

[0056] Example 6

[0057] This embodiment provides an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte capable of suppressing dendrites and byproducts, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

[0058] 5 g of maleamic acid was added to 100 g of deionized water at a mass ratio of 5:100, and the solution was dissolved by ultrasonication at 80°C to form a homogeneous solution. After cooling to room temperature, 0.3 mol of zinc sulfate was added and stirred until completely dissolved. The concentration of zinc sulfate added in the solvent was 3 mol / kg, thereby obtaining aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte 6 containing maleamic acid.

[0059] Take the ordinary aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte of Comparative Example 1 and the aqueous zinc ion battery electrolytes 1-3 containing maleamic acid prepared in Examples 1-3, and deposit zinc flakes in these electrolytes in turn. Both the positive and negative electrodes are zinc flakes. The specific test steps are as follows: 10mA cm -2 At the current density, XRD test was performed on the positive zinc sheet after 0.5 hours of discharge, as shown in Figure 1 As shown. Figure 1 It can be seen that compared with pure zinc perchlorate electrolyte, aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid shows obvious oriented growth dominated by (101) crystal plane. （101） represents the ratio of (101) crystal plane texture, from Figure 1 It can be seen that adding different amounts of maleamic acid can significantly improve RTC （101） When the content of maleamic acid is 5%, RTC （101） The maximum value is 85.1%, indicating that the addition of 5% maleamic acid induces the (101) crystal surface texture growth and has the best effect in inhibiting dendrites.

[0060] The ordinary aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte of Comparative Example 1 and the aqueous zinc ion battery electrolytes 1-3 containing maleamic acid prepared in Examples 1-3 were assembled into Zn / / Zn pair batteries in sequence with the positive electrode (zinc sheet), diaphragm (glass fiber), negative electrode (zinc sheet), gasket and spring. Figure 2 The cycling stability of Zn / / Zn batteries was compared. The specific test steps are as follows: applying 20 mA cm -2 The current is fed to the battery and the curve of polarization voltage changing with time is recorded. -2 - 20 mAh cm -2 Under the test conditions, batteries containing maleamic acid additives showed significantly improved cycling stability compared to pure zinc perchlorate electrolytes. As the maleamic acid content increased, the nucleation overpotential of the Zn / / Zn battery increased. When 5% maleamic acid was added, the nucleation overpotential increased by 15 mV (compared to pure zinc perchlorate solution), and the battery achieved the longest stable cycling time (80 hours). Further increases in maleamic acid content also increased the nucleation overpotential, but the stable cycling time of the Zn / / Zn battery decreased. Figure 2 This shows that only by adding the appropriate concentration of maleamic acid (5%) can the stable cycle time of the Zn / / Zn battery reach the maximum.

[0061] The ordinary aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte of Comparative Example 1 and the aqueous zinc ion battery electrolytes 1-3 containing maleamic acid prepared in Examples 1-3 were assembled into Zn / / Zn pair batteries in sequence with the positive electrode (zinc sheet), diaphragm (glass fiber), negative electrode (zinc sheet), gasket and spring. Figure 3 The surface morphology of Zn / / Zn pairs after cycling was compared. Compared to pure zinc perchlorate electrolyte, the deposition height of the battery containing maleamic acid additive after cycling was only 35μm, much smaller than the 85μm deposition height in pure zinc perchlorate electrolyte. Figure 3 It shows that the addition of maleamic acid can significantly inhibit dendrite growth and obtain uniform and dense zinc deposition.

[0062] The ordinary aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte of Comparative Example 1 and the aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte 2 containing maleamic acid prepared in Example 2 were assembled into a Zn / / Zn pair battery with the positive electrode (zinc sheet), diaphragm (glass fiber), negative electrode (zinc sheet), gasket and spring. Figure 4The DMT modulus of the Zn / / Zn pair battery surfaces after cycling was compared. Compared to the pure zinc perchlorate electrolyte, the surface of the battery containing maleamic acid additive was largely covered by a high-modulus white region after cycling, while the surface of the battery in the pure zinc perchlorate electrolyte was largely covered by a low-modulus black region after cycling. This indicates that the added maleamic acid and zinc salt act synergistically to form a high-modulus solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in situ during battery cycling, effectively blocking side reactions and buffering volume change stress. The formed SEI helps improve the battery's cycle life and Coulombic efficiency.

[0063] The ordinary aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte of Comparative Example 1 and the aqueous zinc ion battery electrolytes 1-3 containing maleamic acid prepared in Examples 1-3 were assembled into Zn / / Cu half-cells in sequence with the positive electrode (Cu sheet), diaphragm (glass fiber), negative electrode (zinc sheet), gasket and spring. Figure 5 The coulombic efficiency of Zn / / Cu half-cells assembled with different electrolytes at 0.2 mA cm -2 -0.2mAh cm -2 Under the test conditions, record the trend of Coulomb efficiency changing with the number of cycles. Figure 5 It can be seen that the average Coulombic efficiency of the Zn / / Cu half-cell containing 5% maleamic acid additive is 99.3%, which is significantly higher than that of pure zinc perchlorate electrolyte.

[0064] Take the ordinary aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte of comparative example 1 and the aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid 1-3 prepared in examples 1-3, and sequentially add the positive electrode (NH4V4O 10 ), diaphragm (glass fiber), negative electrode (zinc sheet), gasket and spring are assembled into Zn / / NH4V4O 10 Full battery. Figure 6 The cycle stability performance of full batteries assembled with different electrolytes was compared. The specific test steps are as follows: the current density is 5Ag -1 When Zn / / NH4V4O 10 The variation trend of full battery specific capacity with the number of cycles. Figure 6 As shown in Figure 2, the initial specific capacity of the 5% maleamic acid additive is as high as 353 mAh g -1 , it still has a retention rate of 95% after 900 cycles, indicating that its capacity decay is slow and its cycle stability is significantly higher than that of pure zinc perchlorate electrolyte.

[0065] Take the ordinary aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte of comparative example 1 and the aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte 2 containing maleamic acid prepared in example 2, and sequentially add the positive electrode (NH4V4O 10 ), diaphragm (glass fiber), negative electrode (zinc sheet), gasket and spring are assembled into Zn / / NH4V4O 10Full battery. Figure 7 The capacity-voltage curves of full batteries assembled with different electrolytes were compared. The specific test steps are as follows: the current density is 1Ag -1 When Zn / / NH4V4O 10 The variation of the specific capacity of the full battery with voltage after 30 cycles. Figure 7 As shown, the specific capacity of the 5% maleamic acid additive exceeds 420 mAh g -1 .

[0066] The ordinary aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte of Comparative Example 2 and the aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte 4-6 containing maleamic acid prepared in Example 4-6 were assembled with the positive electrode (zinc sheet), diaphragm (glass fiber), negative electrode (zinc sheet), gasket and spring to form a Zn / / Zn pair battery. Figure 8 The cycling stability of Zn / / Zn batteries was compared. The specific test steps are as follows: applying 20 mA cm -2 The current is fed to the battery and the curve of polarization voltage changing with time is recorded. -2 - 20mAh cm -2 Under the test conditions, the cycle stability of the battery containing maleamic acid additive is significantly improved compared with the pure zinc sulfate battery. In the case of containing maleamic acid additive, the battery assembled by the electrolyte with zinc sulfate at a concentration of 2 mol / kg added in Example 5 has the best cycle stability.

[0067] The ordinary aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte of Comparative Example 2 and the aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte 4-6 containing maleamic acid prepared in Example 4-6 were assembled into a Zn / / Cu half-cell with the positive electrode (Cu sheet), diaphragm (glass fiber), negative electrode (zinc sheet), gasket and spring. Figure 9 The coulombic efficiency of Zn / / Cu half-cells assembled with different electrolytes was compared. -2 -0.2mAh cm -2 Under the test conditions, record the trend of Coulomb efficiency changing with the number of cycles. Figure 9 It can be seen that in the case of containing maleamic acid additive, the average coulombic efficiency of the battery is significantly improved. Among them, the average coulombic efficiency of the battery assembled with the electrolyte containing 2 mol / kg zinc sulfate in Example 5 is the highest, which is 99.2%.

[0068] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the foregoing descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, and not exhaustive. It should be noted that numerous variations and modifications are possible for those skilled in the art, and all such variations and modifications that do not exceed the scope of the claims should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid, characterized in that The components include solvent, zinc salt and maleamic acid. The mass ratio of maleamic acid to solvent is (1-10):

100. The concentration of zinc salt added to the solvent is 1-3 mol / kg.

2. The aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that The zinc salt is ZnSO4 or Zn(ClO4)2.

3. The aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that The solvent is deionized water.

4. A method for preparing an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: adding maleamic acid into deionized water, heating and dissolving to form a homogeneous solution, cooling to room temperature, adding zinc salt and stirring until completely dissolved.

5. The method for preparing an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid according to claim 4, wherein: The temperature for heating and dissolving maleamic acid in deionized water is 60-80°C.

6. An aqueous zinc ion battery assembled using the aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte containing maleamic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. The aqueous zinc ion battery according to claim 6, wherein The aqueous zinc ion battery is assembled by stacking a positive electrode, a diaphragm, a negative electrode, a gasket and a spring in sequence and then injecting an aqueous zinc ion battery electrolyte.

8. The aqueous zinc ion battery according to claim 7, wherein The positive electrode material is NH4V4O 10 Or Cu.

9. The aqueous zinc ion battery according to claim 7, wherein The negative electrode is a zinc sheet.

10. The aqueous zinc ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that The diaphragm is glass fiber or filter paper.

Images