High-reliability motor train unit roof high-voltage electrical box
By using a vacuum circuit breaker to replace the isolation switch in the high-voltage electrical box of the EMU, the problem of easy discharge of exposed contacts of the isolating switch is solved, and high reliability and safety are improved to ensure the normal operation of the EMU under severe weather conditions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510644018.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
AI Technical Summary
The isolation knife and contacts of the isolation switch in the high-voltage electrical box of the existing EMU are exposed, which is prone to discharge and lacks arc extinguishing ability, resulting in frequent discharge accidents.
A vacuum circuit breaker is used instead of the isolating switch. The circuit breaker has a higher level of break voltage isolation capability and seals the contacts in a vacuum bubble. It has arc extinguishing capabilities. It combines breathable valves and thermal insulation materials to prevent discharge and condensation. The phased circuit breaker is used to accurately control the opening and closing time.
It effectively avoids the discharge of high-voltage electrical boxes in rainy, snowy and smog weather, improves the operating reliability and safety of the EMU, ensures that the electrical equipment in the electrical boxes are not affected by discharge, and ensures the safe operation of electrical equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN120341745A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of high-voltage electrical appliances for railway locomotives. Specifically, it relates to a high-reliability high-voltage electrical appliance box for the roof of a multiple unit train. Background Art
[0002] High-voltage electrical appliances such as vacuum circuit breakers, high-voltage disconnectors, high-voltage earthing switches, and lightning arresters are key components of multiple unit trains. They directly affect the reliable operation of multiple unit trains. The high-voltage electrical appliance box encloses these high-voltage electrical appliances in the box, avoiding discharge accidents of the high-voltage electrical appliances on the roof in rainy, snowy, and foggy weather.
[0003] Currently, the electrical isolation between the connecting cable and the outgoing cable in the commonly used high-voltage electrical appliance box of multiple unit trains generally uses a disconnector. Since the isolating blade and the contact of the disconnector are both exposed to the air, due to the relatively narrow space inside the high-voltage electrical appliance box, the isolating blade and its contact are prone to discharge to the box body. In addition, the disconnector does not have the ability to extinguish arcs. When the disconnector is misoperated while being energized, continuous arcing will occur between the knife edges, causing a discharge accident. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To solve the problems in the prior art that the exposed contacts of the disconnector are prone to discharge and lack the ability to extinguish arcs, which are likely to cause discharge accidents, this application provides a high-reliability high-voltage electrical appliance box for the roof of a multiple unit train.
[0005] The embodiments of this application are implemented as follows:
[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a high-reliability high-voltage electrical appliance box for the roof of a multiple unit train, including a box body, circuit breaker A, earthing switch, connecting row, circuit breaker B, current transformer, voltage transformer, lightning arrester, incoming cable, outgoing cable, and connecting cable;
[0007] The circuit breaker A and the earthing switch are fixed in the left region inside the box body;
[0008] The current transformer and the voltage transformer are installed in the front region inside the box body. The incoming cable passes through the current transformer and is connected to the front terminal of the circuit breaker A. The input end of the voltage transformer is connected in parallel with the front terminal of the circuit breaker A;
[0009] The circuit breaker B and the lightning arrester are arranged in the right region inside the box body. The connecting cable is connected to the front terminal of the circuit breaker B;
[0010] The connecting row extends horizontally inside the box body, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the rear terminal of the circuit breaker A and the rear terminal of the circuit breaker B. The outgoing cable and the input end of the lightning arrester are both connected to the connecting row.
[0011] In a possible implementation, a first air vent valve is provided at the lower part of the left side wall of the box body, and a second air vent valve is provided at the upper part of the right side wall. There is a vertical height difference between the two air vent valves, and multiple layers of dust filter meshes are integrated inside the valve body.
[0012] In a possible implementation, polyurethane foam heat insulation layers are embedded in the inner walls of the bottom surface, four side surfaces, and top surface of the box body.
[0013] In a possible implementation, the operating handle of the earthing switch is located outside the bottom of the box body. In the maintenance state, the contacts are mechanically connected to the rear terminal and the front terminal of the circuit breaker A respectively through the handle to form an electrical short circuit; in the working state, the contacts are separated from both ends of the circuit breaker A.
[0014] In a possible implementation, the circuit breaker A is a vacuum phase-controlled circuit breaker, and its control module is signal-connected to a current transformer and a voltage transformer to obtain current and voltage phase angle data in real time, and realizes precise control of the opening or closing action through a built-in algorithm.
[0015] In a possible implementation, after the high-voltage current of the incoming cable is conducted to the connection bar through the circuit breaker A, it is divided into two paths for output: the first path supplies power to this EMU car through the outgoing cable, and the second path is conducted to the connection cable through the circuit breaker B to provide power for the high-voltage equipment in the adjacent carriages.
[0016] In a possible implementation, the dust filter mesh of the air vent valve is made of stainless steel, the mesh density is 200 meshes, it can intercept dust particles with a particle size greater than 75μm, and the opening pressure of the air vent valve is 10 - 20Pa.
[0017] In a possible implementation, the lightning arrester is a zinc oxide lightning arrester, its input end is directly connected to the connection bar, the output end is grounded, and the response time is less than 25ns.
[0018] In a possible implementation, the minimum insulation distance between each high-voltage electrical appliance and the cable inside the box body is 150mm, and the inner wall of the box body is coated with an arc-resistant silicone rubber coating.
[0019] In a possible implementation, the opening and closing control module of the phase-controlled circuit breaker is built with an adaptive algorithm to dynamically adjust the phase angle compensation value according to the magnitude of the load current.
[0020] The technical solution provided by this application can at least achieve the following beneficial effects:
[0021] A highly reliable high-voltage electrical cabinet on the roof of a multiple unit train provided by the present application replaces the disconnecting switch with a circuit breaker. The circuit breaker has a higher-level disconnection voltage isolation ability. It has no exposed isolating knife, and the opening and closing contacts are sealed in a vacuum bubble, so there will be no external discharge phenomenon. Moreover, the circuit breaker has an arc extinguishing ability, and even in the case of a misoperation while energized, it can quickly extinguish the arc and will not have an external discharge impact. After replacing the disconnecting switch in the high-voltage electrical cabinet with a circuit breaker, the high-voltage electrical cabinet of the multiple unit train will have higher reliability and can ensure the safer operation of the multiple unit train. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.
[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a highly reliable high-voltage electrical cabinet on the roof of a multiple unit train shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a highly reliable high-voltage electrical cabinet on the roof of a multiple unit train shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
[0025] Reference Signs:
[0026] 1. Cabinet; 2. Circuit Breaker A; 3. Earthing Switch; 31. Contact; 32. Contact; 4. Connecting Bar; 5. Circuit Breaker B; 6. Current Transformer; 7. Voltage Transformer; 8. Lightning Arrester; 9. Incoming Cable; 10. Outgoing Cable; 11. Liaison Cable; 12. Breather Valve; 13. Air, 14. Thermal Insulation Material. Detailed Embodiments
[0027] In order to make the purpose, implementation mode and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the exemplary implementation modes of the present application in combination with the drawings in the exemplary embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described exemplary embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.
[0028] It should be noted that the brief description of the terms in the present application is only for the convenience of understanding the following described implementation modes, rather than intending to limit the implementation modes of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, these terms should be understood according to their ordinary and common meanings.
[0029] In this application, terms such as "first", "second", "third", etc. in the specification, claims and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar or like objects or entities, and do not necessarily mean to limit a specific order or sequence, unless otherwise noted. It should be understood that such terms can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances.
[0030] The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover but not exclusively include. For example, a product or device comprising a series of components does not necessarily have to be limited to all the components clearly listed, but may include other components not clearly listed or inherent to these products or devices.
[0031] Before explaining the high-reliability EMU roof high-voltage electrical appliance box provided by the embodiments of this application, the application scenarios and implementation environments of the embodiments of this application will be introduced first.
[0032] High-voltage electrical appliances such as vacuum circuit breakers, high-voltage disconnectors, high-voltage earthing switches, arresters, etc. are key components of EMUs, which directly affect the reliable operation of EMUs. The high-voltage electrical appliance box encloses these high-voltage electrical appliances in the box, avoiding discharge accidents of the roof high-voltage electrical appliances in rainy, snowy and foggy weather.
[0033] Currently, the electrical isolation between the connecting cable and the outgoing cable in the commonly used EMU high-voltage electrical appliance box generally uses a disconnector. Since the isolating knife and contacts of the disconnector are both exposed to the air, due to the relatively small space inside the high-voltage electrical appliance box, the isolating knife and its contacts are prone to discharge to the box body. In addition, the disconnector does not have the ability to extinguish arcs. When the disconnector is misoperated while energized, continuous arcing will occur between the knife edges, causing a discharge accident.
[0034] Based on this, this application provides a high-reliability EMU roof high-voltage electrical appliance box. The circuit breaker replaces the disconnector. The circuit breaker has a higher-level breaking voltage isolation ability. It has no exposed isolating knife, and the opening and closing contacts are sealed in a vacuum bubble, and will not discharge externally. Moreover, the circuit breaker has the ability to extinguish arcs. Even in the case of misoperation while energized, it can quickly extinguish the arc and will not have a discharge impact on the outside world. After replacing the disconnector in the high-voltage electrical appliance box with a circuit breaker, the EMU high-voltage electrical appliance box will have higher reliability and can ensure the safer operation of the EMU.
[0035] Next, the technical solutions of this application, and how the technical solutions of this application solve the above technical problems will be described in detail through embodiments and in combination with the drawings. The embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments.
[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a high-reliability high-voltage electrical cabinet on the roof of a multiple unit train shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
[0037] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, a high-reliability high-voltage electrical cabinet on the roof of a multiple unit train is provided. In this embodiment, the device may include a cabinet body 1, a circuit breaker A 2, an earthing switch 3, a connecting bar 4, a circuit breaker B 5, a current transformer 6, a voltage transformer 7, a lightning arrester 8, an incoming cable 9, an outgoing cable 10, and a connection cable 11;
[0038] The circuit breaker A 2 and the earthing switch 3 are fixed in the left area inside the cabinet body 1;
[0039] The current transformer 6 and the voltage transformer 7 are installed in the front area inside the cabinet body 1. The incoming cable 9 passes through the current transformer 6 and is connected to the front terminal of the circuit breaker A 2. The input end of the voltage transformer 7 is connected in parallel with the front terminal of the circuit breaker A 2;
[0040] The circuit breaker B 5 and the lightning arrester 8 are arranged in the right area inside the cabinet body 1. The connection cable 11 is connected to the front terminal of the circuit breaker B 5;
[0041] The connecting bar 4 extends horizontally inside the cabinet body 1, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the rear terminal of the circuit breaker A 2 and the rear terminal of the circuit breaker B 5. The outgoing cable 10 and the input end of the lightning arrester 8 are both connected to the connecting bar 4.
[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high-reliability high-voltage electrical cabinet on the roof of a multiple unit train shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
[0043] In a possible implementation manner, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the specific structure of the high-voltage electrical cabinet includes a cabinet body 1, a circuit breaker A 2, an earthing switch 3, a connecting bar 4, a circuit breaker B 5, a current transformer 6, a voltage transformer 7, and a lightning arrester 8.
[0044] The circuit breaker A 2 and the earthing switch 3 are placed on the left side inside the cabinet body 1. The current transformer 6 and the voltage transformer 7 are placed on the front side inside the cabinet body 1. The incoming cable 9 passes through the current transformer 6 and is connected to the front end of the circuit breaker A 2. The voltage transformer 7 is also connected to the front end of the circuit breaker A 2.
[0045] The circuit breaker B 5 and the lightning arrester 8 are placed on the right side inside the cabinet body 1. The connection cable 11 is connected to the front end of the circuit breaker B 5.
[0046] The connecting bar 4 connects the rear end of the circuit breaker A 2 and the rear end of the circuit breaker B 5. The outgoing cable 10 and the lightning arrester 8 are connected to the connecting bar 4.
[0047] High-voltage electricity is divided into two paths after passing through the circuit breaker A2 and the connection row 4 from the incoming cable 9. One path is output from the outgoing cable 10 to supply power to the power equipment of this car body section, and the other path is output from the connection cable 11 after passing through the circuit breaker B5 to supply power to the power equipment of another car body section.
[0048] Vent valves 12 are provided at a relatively low position on one side of the box body 1, and vent valves 12 are also provided at a relatively high position on the other side of the box body 1.
[0049] When the high-voltage electrical appliances are working, heat will be dissipated by the high-voltage electrical appliances inside the box body 1. At this time, cold air 13 will enter the box body 1 from the low-position vent valve, and hot air 13 will escape from the high-position vent valve outside the box body 1, forming a convection effect, thereby cooling the high-voltage electrical appliance box. The vent valve 12 has the function of filtering dust.
[0050] Heat-insulating materials 14 are installed on the bottom surface, four side surfaces and top surface of the box body 1, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of condensation inside the box body 1.
[0051] When the high-voltage electrical appliance box is in the maintenance state, the handle provided below the earthing switch 3 can be operated to connect the contact 31 and the contact 32 to the rear end and the front end of the circuit breaker A2 simultaneously; when the high-voltage electrical appliance box is in the working state, the handle provided below the earthing switch 3 can be operated to disconnect the contact 31 and the contact 32 from the rear end and the front end of the circuit breaker A2 simultaneously, and reach the set electrical clearance.
[0052] The circuit breaker A2 is a phase-controlled circuit breaker. The circuit breaker A2 receives the current and voltage parameters detected by the current transformer 6 and the voltage transformer 7, and identifies the phase angles of the current and the voltage. Then, according to the identified phase angle parameters of the current and the voltage, the opening and closing time points of the circuit breaker A2 are accurately controlled, so as to suppress the overvoltage and inrush current generated when the circuit breaker A2 opens and closes.
[0053] It can be seen that some embodiments of the present application have the following advantages compared with the prior art.
[0054] The high-voltage electrical appliance box encloses these high-voltage electrical appliances in the box body, avoiding the occurrence of discharge phenomena of the high-voltage electrical appliances on the roof under rainy, snowy and foggy weather, and avoiding potential safety hazards caused by weather reasons.
[0055] Conventional high-voltage electrical appliance boxes use disconnectors to disconnect the circuit between the outgoing cable and the connection cable. The isolating knife and the contact of the disconnector are both exposed in the air. Due to the relatively small space inside the high-voltage electrical appliance box, the isolating knife and its contact are prone to discharge to the box body.
[0056] In addition, the disconnector does not have the arc extinguishing ability. When the disconnector malfunctions when it is in the live state, continuous arcing will occur between its isolating blades and contacts, causing a discharge accident. Replacing the disconnector with a circuit breaker, because the circuit breaker has a higher-level disconnection voltage isolation ability, and it has no exposed isolating blades, and the opening and closing contacts are also sealed in the vacuum chamber, so there will be no discharge phenomenon to the outside world.
[0057] In addition, the circuit breaker has the arc extinguishing ability and can quickly extinguish the arc even in the case of a live malfunction, without having an impact on the outside world. After replacing the disconnector in the high-voltage electrical cabinet with a circuit breaker, the high-voltage electrical cabinet of the EMU will have higher reliability and can ensure the safer operation of the EMU.
[0058] A breather valve is provided at a relatively low position on one side of the cabinet body, and a breather valve is also provided at a relatively high position on the other side of the cabinet body. When the high-voltage electrical cabinet is working, the high-voltage electrical appliances will emit heat. At this time, cold air will enter the cabinet body through the low-position breather valve and escape from the high-position breather valve, forming a convection effect, so as to effectively cool the high-voltage electrical cabinet.
[0059] Heat-insulating materials are provided inside the bottom surface, four side surfaces and top surface of the cabinet body. When the EMU runs to cold regions, since the high-voltage electrical appliances will generate heat during operation, the temperature inside the cabinet body is high while the air temperature outside the cabinet body is low. At this time, condensation will occur, and water droplets will condense on the inner wall of the cabinet body, which may cause the high-voltage electrical appliances inside the cabinet to discharge due to high humidity.
[0060] After heat-insulating materials are provided inside the bottom surface, four side surfaces and top surface of the cabinet body, the occurrence of condensation inside the high-voltage electrical cabinet can be effectively avoided.
[0061] When the high-voltage electrical cabinet is in the maintenance state, the earthing switch can be operated to connect the two contacts to the rear end and the front end of the circuit breaker A at the same time, which can ensure the safety of the maintenance personnel of the high-voltage electrical cabinet. When the high-voltage electrical cabinet is in the working state, the earthing switch can be operated to disconnect the two contacts from the rear end and the front end of the circuit breaker A at the same time and maintain a sufficient electrical clearance, which can ensure that the normal operation of the high-voltage electrical cabinet is not affected by the earthing switch.
[0062] The circuit breaker A is a phase-controlled circuit breaker, which can accurately control the opening and closing time points of the circuit breaker according to the phase angle of the current and voltage flowing through the circuit breaker A, so as to suppress the overvoltage and inrush current generated when the circuit breaker A opens and closes. Suppressing the overvoltage and inrush current can effectively avoid the occurrence of discharge of high-voltage electrical equipment, and at the same time can avoid the damage of other electrical equipment in the vehicle due to the impact of voltage and inrush current.
[0063] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above embodiments are shown sequentially as indicated, these steps are not necessarily executed sequentially in the order indicated. Unless otherwise clearly stated in this document, there is no strict order restriction for the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above embodiments may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed alternately or in turn with at least some of the steps or stages in other steps or other steps.
[0064] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.
[0065] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present application. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. A high-reliability high-voltage electrical box on the roof of a multiple unit train, characterized in that It includes a box body, circuit breaker A, earthing switch, connecting bar, circuit breaker B, current transformer, voltage transformer, lightning arrester, incoming cable, outgoing cable and tie cable; The circuit breaker A and the earthing switch are fixed in the left inner area of the box body; The current transformer and the voltage transformer are installed in the front inner area of the box body. The incoming cable passes through the current transformer and is connected to the front terminal of the circuit breaker A. The input end of the voltage transformer is connected in parallel with the front terminal of the circuit breaker A; The circuit breaker B and the lightning arrester are arranged in the right inner area of the box body. The tie cable is connected to the front terminal of the circuit breaker B; The connecting bar extends horizontally inside the box body, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the rear terminal of the circuit breaker A and the rear terminal of the circuit breaker B. The input ends of the outgoing cable and the lightning arrester are both connected to the connecting bar.
2. The high-reliability overhead high-voltage electrical cabinet for EMUs according to claim 1, characterized in that A first air vent valve is arranged at the lower part of the left side wall of the box body, and a second air vent valve is arranged at the upper part of the right side wall. There is a vertical height difference between the two air vent valves, and multiple layers of dust filter meshes are integrated inside the valve body.
3. The high-reliability roof high-voltage electrical cabinet of the multiple unit train according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner walls of the bottom surface, four side surfaces and top surface of the box body are all embedded with polyurethane foam heat insulation layers.
4. The high-reliability overhead high-voltage electrical cabinet for EMUs according to claim 3, wherein The operating handle of the earthing switch is located outside the bottom of the box body. In the maintenance state, the contact is mechanically connected to the rear terminal and the front terminal of the circuit breaker A respectively through the handle to form an electrical short circuit; in the working state, the contact is separated from both ends of the circuit breaker A.
5. The high-reliability overhead high-voltage electrical cabinet for EMUs according to claim 1, wherein, The circuit breaker A is a vacuum phase-controlled circuit breaker. Its control module is signal-connected to the current transformer and the voltage transformer, and it can obtain the current and voltage phase angle data in real time, and realizes the precise control of the opening or closing action through the built-in algorithm.
6. The high-reliability roof high-voltage electrical cabinet of the multiple unit train according to claim 5, characterized in that, After the high-voltage current of the incoming cable is conducted to the connecting bar through the circuit breaker A, it is divided into two output paths: the first path supplies power to this EMU through the outgoing cable, and the second path is conducted to the tie cable through the circuit breaker B to provide power for the high-voltage equipment in the adjacent carriage.
7. The high-reliability overhead high-voltage electrical cabinet for EMUs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust filter mesh of the air vent valve is made of stainless steel, the mesh density is 200 meshes, and it can intercept dust particles with a particle size greater than 75μm. The opening pressure of the air vent valve is 10 - 20Pa.
8. The high-reliability high-voltage electrical cabinet on the roof of the multiple unit train according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lightning arrester is a zinc oxide lightning arrester. Its input end is directly connected to the connecting bar, and the output end is grounded, and the response time is less than 25ns.
9. The high-reliability high-voltage electrical cabinet on the roof of the multiple unit train according to claim 1, wherein, The minimum insulation distance between each high-voltage electrical appliance and the cable inside the box body is 150mm, and the inner wall of the box body is coated with an arc-resistant silicone rubber coating.
10. The high-reliability overhead high-voltage electrical cabinet for EMUs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening and closing control module of the phase-controlled circuit breaker is built with an adaptive algorithm, which dynamically adjusts the phase angle compensation value according to the magnitude of the load current.