Wireless self-powered wheel sensor

Abstract

The invention provides a wireless self-powered wheel sensor which comprises a shell, a patch antenna is arranged in the middle of the interior of the shell, U-shaped magnets are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the patch antenna, coils are arranged in the U-shaped magnets, and a wireless transmission circuit, a charging circuit, a signal processing circuit and a lithium battery are further arranged in the shell. According to the sensor, a cable trench and a long-distance cable do not need to be laid, the construction process is simplified, meanwhile, the risk that an underground pipeline is excavated and broken is avoided, due to the design of the magnetic steel hot standby structure, when one magnetic steel breaks down, the other magnetic steel can still maintain normal work, the power generation capacity is doubled, and the fault frequency and the maintenance cost are greatly reduced; the device is convenient to install, does not need cable maintenance, and can be used in extremely cold, high-temperature and high-humidity environments. The main application scenarios comprise heavy haul railway track scale dynamic weighing, unmanned crossing train approaching early warning and intelligent marshalling station vehicle positioning and tracking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway detection, and particularly to a wireless self-powered wheel sensor. Background Art

[0002] The construction of traditional wheel sensors is complex. It is necessary to lay cable trenches and connect long-distance cables, which are easily interfered by track circuits and pose a safety hazard of digging up underground pipelines; they have poor anti-interference ability, and signal distortion is likely to occur in humid environments, and harmonic interference causes misjudgment; the maintenance cost is high, and cooperation in disassembly is required during track maintenance, which affects the railway operation efficiency. These problems seriously restrict the reliability and economy of railway detection technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, in order to solve the problems in the technical background, the present invention proposes a wireless self-powered wheel sensor, which is applicable to scenarios such as railway vehicle positioning, vehicle 5T equipment, level crossing warning, and car number recognition systems. The specific contents are as follows:

[0004] A wireless self-powered wheel sensor includes a housing. A patch antenna is provided in the middle inside the housing. U-shaped magnets are symmetrically provided at both ends of the patch antenna. A coil is provided inside the U-shaped magnet. A wireless transmission circuit, a charging circuit, a signal control circuit, and a lithium battery are also provided inside the housing.

[0005] Further, mounting holes are opened on both sides of the housing. The housing is placed above the mounting bracket and fixed by passing a screw through the mounting holes. The lower part of the mounting bracket is placed on a track fixture and fixed by passing a fixture screw through the mounting bracket.

[0006] Further, the inside of the housing is sealed with potting glue, and the housing is made of aluminum casting material.

[0007] Further, the U-shaped magnet is a neodymium iron boron magnet with a magnetic flux density ≥ 3300 GS. When a wheel passes by, the magnetic induction line is cut to generate an induced electromotive force ≥ 5V.

[0008] Further, the charging circuit is an intelligent wide-range charging circuit, which is connected to a wide-temperature lithium polymer battery, and the working temperature range is -40°C to 85°C.

[0009] Further, the wireless transmission circuit (6) uses an NB-IoT module, supports long-distance low-power communication, and the power consumption in the sleep mode ≤ 0.1W.

[0010] Further, the signal processing circuit includes a Hall metal proximity switch and uses a differential amplifier circuit.

[0011] Further, the U-shaped magnet has a dual-magnet hot standby structure, with two magnets symmetrically arranged. When one magnet fails, the other magnet can still work normally.

[0012] Adopting the above technical solution, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0013] The sensor of the present invention does not require laying cable trenches and long-distance cables, simplifies the construction process and avoids the risk of digging up underground pipelines. The design of the magnet hot standby structure enables the other magnet to still maintain normal operation when one magnet fails, doubling the power generation capacity and significantly reducing the number of faults and maintenance costs; the present invention is easy to install, does not require cable maintenance, and can be used in extremely cold, high-temperature, and high-humid environments. The main application scenarios include dynamic weighing of heavy-haul railway track scales, train approach warning at unmanned level crossings, and vehicle positioning and tracking in intelligent marshalling yards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless self-powered wheel sensor of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 is a front structural diagram of a wireless self-powered wheel sensor of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 is a side structural diagram of a wireless self-powered wheel sensor of the present invention;

[0017] In the figure: 1 - housing; 2 - mounting hole; 3 - U-shaped magnet; 4 - coil; 5 - patch antenna; 6 - wireless transmission circuit; 7 - signal control circuit; 8 - lithium battery; 9 - screw; 10 - mounting bracket; 11 - track clamp; 12 - clamp screw; 13 - charging circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiment, refer to Figures 1 - 3 a wireless self-powered wheel sensor as shown, including a housing 1. A patch antenna 5 is provided in the middle inside the housing 1. U-shaped magnets 3 are symmetrically provided at both ends of the patch antenna 5. A coil 4 is provided inside the U-shaped magnet 3. A wireless transmission circuit 6, a charging circuit 13, a signal control circuit 7, and a lithium battery 8 are also provided inside the housing 1.

[0020] In this embodiment, mounting holes 2 are provided on both sides of the housing 1. The housing 1 is placed above the mounting bracket 10 and fixed by passing a screw 9 through the mounting holes 2. The lower part of the mounting bracket 10 is placed on the track fixture 11 and fixed by passing a fixture screw 129 through the mounting bracket 10. The inside of the housing 1 is sealed with glue. The housing 1 is made of aluminum casting material. The U-shaped magnet 3 is a neodymium iron boron magnet with a magnetic flux density ≥ 3300 GS. When the wheel passes by, it cuts the magnetic induction line to generate an induced electromotive force ≥ 5V. The charging circuit 13 is an intelligent wide-range charging circuit 13, which is connected to the wide-temperature lithium polymer lithium battery 8 with an operating temperature range of -40°C to 85°C. The wireless transmission circuit 6 uses an NB-IoT module, supports long-distance low-power communication, and the power consumption in the sleep mode ≤ 0.1W. The signal processing circuit includes a Hall metal proximity switch and adopts a differential amplification circuit. The U-shaped magnet 3 has a dual-magnet backup structure, and the two magnets are symmetrically arranged. When one magnet fails, the other magnet can still work normally.

[0021] When installing the sensor, the housing 1 is fixed on the track fixture 11 through the screw 9 and the mounting bracket 10, ensuring that the distance from the track is 5 - 10 mm. When the wheel passes by, it cuts the magnetic induction line of the U-shaped magnet 3 to generate an induced electromotive force to charge the battery, and at the same time triggers the Hall switch to generate a pulse signal. The wireless transmission circuit 6 sends an encrypted signal to the receiving end. If it is triggered 3 times continuously, the sleep timing (300 seconds) is started. The receiving end supports multi-device management (100 devices can be accessed in parallel), and converts the digital signal into an analog signal (2V ± 5.5V, frequency 1 - 10 kHz) compatible with existing devices. The status is displayed through a three-color LED (green for normal / yellow for low battery / red for fault).

[0022] The sensor of the present invention does not require laying cable trenches and long-distance cables, simplifies the construction process and avoids the risk of digging and breaking underground pipelines at the same time. The design of the magnet backup structure enables the other magnet to still maintain normal operation when one magnet fails, doubling the power generation capacity and significantly reducing the number of faults and maintenance costs; the present invention is easy to install, does not require cable maintenance, and can be used in extremely cold, high-temperature and high-humidity environments. The main application scenarios include dynamic weighing of heavy-haul railway track scales, train approach warning at unmanned level crossings, and vehicle positioning and tracking in intelligent marshalling yards.

[0023] Embodiment 2, based on Embodiment 1, see Figures 1 - 3 As shown, the main technical indicators in this embodiment include: the applicable vehicle speed is 0 - 360 km / h; the transmission distance ≤ 5 km (in an open environment); the battery life ≥ 3 years (triggered 50 times per day on average); the electromagnetic compatibility complies with the EN 50121-4 railway standard; the anti-vibration ability is 10 - 2000 Hz, and the acceleration is 5g.

[0024] The advantages of the present invention are convenient installation (completed by one person in 10 minutes), zero cable maintenance, and adaptability to extremely cold / high temperature / high humidity environments. The application scenarios include dynamic weighing of heavy-haul railway track scales, approaching train warning at unmanned level crossings, and vehicle positioning and tracking in intelligent marshalling yards.

[0025] The basic principles and main features of the present invention have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wireless self-powered wheel sensor, including a housing, and a patch antenna is provided in the middle inside the housing, characterized in that, Both ends of the patch antenna are symmetrically provided with U-shaped magnets. A coil is arranged inside the U-shaped magnet. A wireless transmission circuit, a charging circuit, a signal processing circuit and a lithium battery are also arranged inside the housing.

2. The wireless self-powered wheel sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Mounting holes are formed on both sides of the housing. The housing is arranged above the mounting bracket and fixed by passing a screw through the mounting hole. The lower part of the mounting bracket is arranged on the track fixture and fixed by passing a fixture screw through the mounting bracket.

3. The wireless self-powered wheel sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inside of the housing is sealed with potting glue. The housing is made of aluminum casting material.

4. The wireless self-powered wheel sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that The U-shaped magnet is a neodymium iron boron magnet with a magnetic flux density ≥ 3300 GS. When the wheel passes by, the magnetic induction line is cut to generate an induced electromotive force ≥ 5V.

5. The wireless self-powered wheel sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging circuit is an intelligent wide-range charging circuit. The charging circuit is connected to a wide-temperature lithium polymer battery, and the working temperature range is -40°C to 85°C.

6. The wireless self-powered wheel sensor according to claim 1, wherein The wireless transmission circuit (6) uses an NB-IoT module, supports long-distance and low-power communication, and the power consumption in the sleep mode ≤ 0.1W.

7. The wireless self-powered wheel sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal processing circuit includes a Hall metal proximity switch and adopts a differential amplifier circuit.

8. The wireless self-powered wheel sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The U-shaped magnet is a dual-magnet steel hot standby structure. The two magnet steels are symmetrically arranged. When one of the magnet steels fails, the other magnet steel can still work normally.

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