High-gain field line extension amplifier

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-gain field line extension amplifier, which adopts a gallium arsenide / gallium nitride low-noise amplification module combination, realizes physical isolation of an uplink channel and a downlink channel through a cavity isolation structure, and is configured with a pluggable duplex filter to support 204 / 258MHz and other multi-mode frequency division. The control unit integrates an uplink automatic calibration algorithm (RAA), automatically calculates uplink gain and slope based on downlink parameters, and compensates gain fluctuation (+ / -0.75 dB) in a full temperature range from-40 DEG C to 75 DEG C through an NTC thermistor network. In addition, the intelligent power saving mode can dynamically adjust power consumption according to output power. The downlink bandwidth reaches 1794 MHz, the gain is 51 dB, the uplink bandwidth is 492 MHz, the gain is 32 dB, the requirements of 8K video and 10 Gbps data transmission are met, the authentication of international manufacturers is passed, the domestic technical blank is filled, and the CATV network is promoted to be upgraded to DOCSIS4.0.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable television (CATV) transmission systems, specifically to the design and application of high-frequency signal amplification equipment. In particular, it is aimed at the broadbandwidth and high-gain signal transmission in the 1.8 GHz frequency band under the DOCSIS 4.0 standard, covering amplifier hardware architecture, high-frequency circuit design, communication system integration, and intelligent control technology. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of 5G, 8K ultra-high-definition video, and Internet of Things technologies, traditional cable television (CATV) systems are facing pressure for digital transformation. As of 2025, the scale of cable television users is approximately 215 million households, but the problem of user loss is significant. The core reason is the impact of Internet video platforms (such as OTT and IPTV) and mobile terminals on traditional broadcast transmission. To cope with the competition, the CATV industry promotes network upgrading through the "Smart Radio and Television" strategy, which requires integrating fiber optic and 5G technologies and increasing bandwidth to support multi-service convergence (such as high-speed data communication and smart home control). However, the current DOCSIS 3.1 transmission standard has a maximum frequency of only 1.2 GHz and has the following fundamental defects: 1. Frequency band and bandwidth bottlenecks: The traditional CATV downlink frequency band in China is mostly 85 - 750 MHz, and the maximum after upgrading is 1 GHz (1.2 GHz abroad), which cannot meet the demand for the 1.8 GHz frequency band required by 8K video and the 10 Gbps rate of DOCSIS 4.0; in the frequency division multiplexing (FDM) mode, each channel occupies 8 MHz of bandwidth, and it is difficult for the channel capacity and bandwidth efficiency to cope with the surging traffic.

[0003] 2. Difficulties in high-frequency signal transmission: Coaxial cables have significant attenuation in the high-frequency band (for example, the SYWV75-5 cable has a loss of 18 dB / 100 meters at 750 MHz), traditional amplifiers have insufficient gain (less than 36 dB in China and less than 44 dB abroad) and poor linear flatness, and cannot effectively compensate for signal attenuation and frequency band imbalance in long-distance transmission.

[0004] 3. Insufficient two-way communication ability: The DOCSIS 3.1 upstream channel is only 5 - 204 MHz, with limited bandwidth, and it is difficult to support the high-speed upstream data transmission requirements such as remote monitoring and smart homes.

[0005] The DOCSIS 4.0 standard proposes a frequency division scheme of 1.8 GHz for downlink and 492 MHz for upstream, posing severe challenges to the high-frequency amplification ability, gain linearity, temperature stability, and two-way communication performance of cable amplifiers.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new high-gain outdoor line extension amplifier to solve the problems of existing CATV amplifiers, such as insufficient frequency band coverage, low bandwidth efficiency, weak high-frequency attenuation compensation ability, limited two-way communication performance, and inability to meet the requirements of the DOCSIS 4.0 standard for high-gain, wide-bandwidth, and high-stability transmission in the 1.8 GHz frequency band. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-gain outdoor line extension amplifier to solve the above problems existing in the prior art. By combining GaAs / GaN low-noise amplification modules, a cavity physical isolation structure, configurable frequency division technology, an uplink automatic calibration algorithm (RAA), and an NTC thermistor temperature compensation network, a high-gain, wide-bandwidth, high-linearity, and temperature-stable outdoor line extension amplifier adapted to the DOCSIS 4.0 standard in the 1.8 GHz frequency band is constructed.

[0008] To achieve the above application object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A high-gain outdoor line extension amplifier includes: An uplink channel and a downlink channel, which are respectively used to process uplink signals and downlink signals; An amplification module group, including at least two stages of low-noise amplification modules arranged in the uplink channel, and at least three stages of low-noise amplification modules and a final power amplification module arranged in the downlink channel; A physical isolation structure for isolating the uplink channel from the downlink channel to suppress crosstalk between channels; A configurable frequency division component that supports at least two uplink / downlink frequency division modes, and realizes the switching of frequency division by replacing passive filter components; A control unit for centrally controlling the attenuator, equalizer, and uplink input module of the amplifier, where: The attenuator and equalizer are used to adjust signal gain and frequency response; The uplink input module includes a three-state switch for controlling the input state of the uplink signal; The control unit builds in an algorithm to realize the automatic calibration of the uplink channel parameters, and can automatically match the equalizer parameters by detecting the electrical characteristics of the frequency division component.

[0009] Further, the low-noise amplification module in the uplink channel uses a MMIC chip made of gallium arsenide, and the final power amplification module in the downlink channel uses a power multiplication module made of gallium nitride.

[0010] Further, the isolation degree of the physical isolation structure is greater than or equal to a preset isolation threshold, and the preset isolation threshold is 60 dB - 80 dB.

[0011] Further, the frequency division modes supported by the configurable frequency division component include at least two of the following: uplink 204 - 492 MHz / downlink 258 - 1794 MHz, uplink 396 - 492 MHz / downlink 492 - 1794 MHz, and uplink 492 - 492 MHz / downlink 606 - 1794 MHz.

[0012] Further, the control unit automatically switches the equalizer data table by detecting the voltage range corresponding to the ground resistance value of the frequency division component. The voltage ranges include at least two of 0 - 1V, 1 - 2V, and 2 - 3.3V.

[0013] Further, when the control unit performs automatic gain calibration, it adjusts the uplink channel parameters according to the following relational expressions: Uplink gain = Downlink total gain - Downlink total slope × A; Uplink slope = Downlink total slope × B; Where A and B are the frequency coefficients corresponding to different frequency division modes respectively.

[0014] Further, it also includes a temperature compensation network. The temperature compensation network is set in front of the final - stage amplification modules of the uplink channel and the downlink channel, and adopts an NTC thermistor distributed compensation structure to compensate for the gain and flatness changes within the temperature range of - 40°C to 75°C.

[0015] Further, it also includes an intelligent power - saving module. The intelligent power - saving module detects the output power of the downlink channel and automatically reduces the power consumption of the final - stage power module when the output power is lower than the preset threshold. The preset threshold is 16 dBm - 18 dBm.

[0016] Further, the control unit supports local display operations and remote control. The remote control is implemented through the FSK transponder module.

[0017] Further, the maximum gain of the uplink signal processing channel is 30 - 35 dB, the maximum gain of the downlink signal processing channel is 48 - 55 dB, and the gain fluctuation within the full temperature range does not exceed ±1 dB.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The high - frequency transmission performance has a leap: The downlink bandwidth is expanded from the traditional 1218 MHz to 1794 MHz (close to 1.8 GHz), and the uplink bandwidth is increased from 204 MHz to 492 MHz, supporting emerging services such as 8K video and 10 Gbps high - speed data.

[0019] The downlink gain reaches 51 dB (traditional < 44 dB), the uplink gain is 32 dB, and the linear flatness is ±0.75 dB (P-P < 1.5 dB). It can compensate for the loss of 0.12 dB / m of the SYWV75-12 cable in the 1.8 GHz frequency band. The actual transmission distance reaches 361 meters (with a 15% margin reserved), meeting the industry cascading distance standard (≥350 meters).

[0020] 2. Breakthrough in two-way communication and anti-interference ability: The cavity design achieves an isolation degree of the up and down channels > 70 dB, significantly suppressing crosstalk in high-gain scenarios (the isolation index is not mentioned in traditional amplifiers).

[0021] Supports multi-band splitting of 204 / 258 MHz, 396 / 492 MHz, and 492 / 606 MHz. The dynamic matching of equalizer data is achieved through pluggable filter components and the CPU automatic detection mechanism (identifying the voltage of the ground resistance), solving the problem of parameter debugging in different frequency bands and improving system compatibility.

[0022] 3. Intelligent control and energy efficiency optimization: The uplink automatic calibration algorithm (RAA) is based on preset frequency coefficients (A / B values), and automatically calculates uplink parameters according to the downlink gain and slope without manual debugging, improving the operation and maintenance efficiency by more than 50%.

[0023] The intelligent power-saving mode dynamically adjusts the power consumption of the final-stage module through real-time power detection (polling period 20 ms). When the output power ≤ 16 dBm, the power consumption is reduced, and when the power ≥ 18 dBm, it quickly recovers. The energy consumption in the standby state is reduced by 30%, meeting the green communication standard.

[0024] 4. Improvement in full-temperature range stability: The NTC thermistor distributed compensation network achieves a gain fluctuation of ≤ ±0.75 dB in the full temperature range of -40°C to 75°C, improving the temperature drift performance by 80% compared to traditional amplifiers (without clear temperature compensation), ensuring the signal consistency of long-distance cascaded transmission.

[0025] 5. Industrialization and technology filling: The product has passed the full-process test and certification of international manufacturers. 33,000 units of orders are obtained at the time of production, and the subsequent orders are expected to be 300,000 - 500,000 units, filling the technical gap of amplifiers in the 1.8 GHz frequency band in the domestic CATV industry and promoting the global DOCSIS4.0 network upgrade process. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation Modes

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Those skilled in the art should understand that in the disclosure of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1 As Figure 1 shown, the hardware architecture of this high-gain field line extension amplifier is designed around three core requirements: high-frequency signal amplification, channel isolation, and intelligent control. Figure 1 The signal processing and control logic of the field line extension amplifier adapted to the DOCSIS 4.0 standard is shown in the figure, which is divided into a downstream channel (upper left, processing high-frequency downstream signals), an upstream channel (lower right, processing low-frequency upstream signals), and a control unit (central CPU and peripheral modules). The duplex filter is used to separate the upstream and downstream signals to ensure the channel isolation degree. The specific implementation details are as follows: 1. Amplification module group Upstream channel: Two-stage cascaded amplification using gallium arsenide (GaAs) MMIC chips from Korean company ASB: Pre-stage amplification: Select the ASL580 chip with a nominal gain of 21 dB and a noise figure NF < 2 dB for low-noise signal preprocessing; Final-stage amplification: Use the ASL39D2 chip with a gain of 20 dB, NF < 1.6 dB, and a P1dB compression point of 28 dBm to ensure that when the upstream channel has a 32 dB gain and 60 channels are loaded, the total composite power (TCP) ≥ 58 dBmV.

[0030] Downstream channel: A combination of three-stage Qorvo gallium arsenide MMIC (QPL1819) + final-stage gallium nitride (GaN) power multiplication module (QPA3314): The first three stages of amplification: Each QPL1819 chip has a nominal gain of 20 dB and NF < 1.7 dB, and a 12 dB equalizer is configured between stages; Final-stage power amplification: The QPA3314 module has a gain of 21 dB, supports TCP ≥ 68 dBmV when loading 192 channels, and meets the downstream gain requirement of 51 dB.

[0031] Among them, the downstream channel (signal flow direction: input port → output port 1 / 2): (1) Input part: Input distribution component: Supports input / bypass / multi-output modes (such as "input port", "bypass port", "output port 1 / 2"), and realizes power isolation through an AC fuse (60VAC feed protection).

[0032] Bidirectional test port (-20 dB): Provides a signal monitoring interface and is compatible with third-party test equipment.

[0033] (2) Signal processing: Input attenuator (dB): Adjustable from 0 to 15 dB, initially adjusts the signal strength, and compensates for the front-end loss of long-distance transmission.

[0034] Input equalizer (slope compensation): Slope adjustment from 0 to 12 dB, compensates for the frequency attenuation characteristics of the cable (such as SYWV75-12) (high-frequency loss > low-frequency).

[0035] Amplifier 1 / 2: Adopts a gallium arsenide (GaAs) MMIC chip (such as Qorvo QPL1819, with a gain of 20 dB per stage), realizes the first two stages of low-noise amplification, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR ≥ 38 dB, supports 8K video).

[0036] Cable simulator: Simulates the attenuation characteristics of the actual cable (such as 500 meters of SYWV75-5) for signal loss simulation during laboratory tests.

[0037] Inter-stage attenuator / equalizer: 6 dB fixed attenuation + 6 dB slope compensation, further optimizes the signal flatness (linear flatness ±0.75 dB, P-P < 1.5 dB).

[0038] High-pass filter (cut-off at 606 MHz): Filters out low-frequency interference (such as DOCSIS3.1 residual signals), ensuring that the downstream channel only passes through the 606 - 1794 MHz frequency band (corresponding to the downstream bandwidth).

[0039] Amplifier 3 / 4 (final stage): Adopts a gallium nitride (GaN) power multiplication module (such as Qorvo QPA3314, 21 dB gain), realizes a total gain of 51 dB, and drives long-distance transmission (361 meters of SYWV75-12 cable, loss 0.12 dB / m).

[0040] Power detection + power saving mode: Detect the output power through a directional coupler (trigger power saving when ≤16dBm, power consumption reduced by 30%), intelligent power saving module.

[0041] Among them, the upstream channel (signal flow direction: output port → input port, reverse transmission): (1) Input part: Duplex filter: Separate the upstream (≤492MHz) and downstream (≥606MHz) signals to ensure an isolation degree >70dB (cavity isolation).

[0042] ICS three-state switch (0 / -6 / -40dB): Dynamically adjust the upstream signal strength to adapt to different cascading scenarios (such as -40dB attenuation for proximal users and 0dB direct connection for distal users).

[0043] (2) Signal processing: Input attenuator (dB): Adjustable from 0 to 31dB to match the dynamic range of the upstream signal (such as the low-power scenario of upstream data in smart home).

[0044] Amplifier 1 / 2: Two-stage gallium arsenide MMIC (such as ASBASL39D2, total gain 32dB), achieving low-noise amplification (NF <1.6dB), supporting an upstream bandwidth of 7.5~492MHz.

[0045] Upstream components (low-pass filter + equalizer): Filter out high-frequency interference (≥492MHz) and compensate for the frequency slope of the upstream signal (such as the equalization amount automatically matching when the cut-off frequency is 204MHz, corresponding to the voltage detection mechanism).

[0046] Inter-stage attenuator / output attenuator: Adjustable from 0 to 15dB to optimize the flatness and output power of the upstream signal (TCP ≥58dBmV, meeting the upstream requirements of DOCSIS4.0).

[0047] 2. Cavity isolation structure Physical design: Use a metal cavity to separate the upstream and downstream channels, and fill the space between the cavities with electromagnetic shielding materials to achieve an isolation degree >70dB and suppress signal crosstalk in high-gain scenarios (such as upstream signal leakage to the downstream channel causing nonlinear distortion).

[0048] Engineering implementation: The amplification modules and filter components of the upstream and downstream channels are respectively fixed in independent cavities, and the input / output interfaces are isolated from the outside of the cavity through a directional coupler to ensure the independence of the high-frequency signal path.

[0049] 3. Configurable frequency division components Supported modes: Compatible with three frequency division modes (upstream / downstream): 204 / 258MHz (upstream cut-off at 204MHz, downstream ≥258MHz); 396 / 492 MHz (the upper limit of the uplink is 396 MHz, and the lower limit of the downlink is ≥ 492 MHz); 492 / 606 MHz (the upper limit of the uplink is 492 MHz, and the lower limit of the downlink is ≥ 606 MHz).

[0050] Hardware switching: Mode switching is achieved through a pluggable duplex filter, a high-pass filter (258 / 492 / 606 MHz), and a low-pass filter (204 / 396 / 492 MHz). The component interface adopts a standardized slot design, supporting on-site quick replacement.

[0051] Automatic detection mechanism: Set a ground resistance identification pin on the low-pass filter component. The resistance values corresponding to the three modes are as follows: 204 MHz low-pass: The resistance value corresponds to a voltage range of 0 - 1 V; 396 MHz low-pass: The resistance value corresponds to a voltage range of 1 - 2 V; 492 MHz low-pass: The resistance value corresponds to a voltage range of 2 - 3.3 V.

[0052] The CPU detects the voltage value through the A / D interface and automatically calls the equalizer data table that matches the current frequency division (such as the pre-stored frequency band - equalization amount mapping table) to solve the problem of unequal equalization amounts in different frequency bands.

[0053] Among them, the control unit: CPU: The core control module, connected through the SPI interface: Display / local control: LCD screen + buttons, enabling real-time viewing of parameters (such as gain, temperature, frequency mode) and manual adjustment.

[0054] FSK transponder (TX / RX): Supports remote instruction sending and receiving (such as the operation and maintenance center sending calibration parameters), and is compatible with the intelligent radio and television network management system.

[0055] Automatic calibration algorithm (RAA): According to the downlink gain / slope (fed back through the inter-stage attenuator / equalizer), automatically calculate the uplink parameters without manual debugging, improving the operation and maintenance efficiency by 50%.

[0056] II. Intelligent control and calibration technology 1. Automatic calibration of the uplink channel (RAA) Algorithm logic: When the user adjusts the downlink channel attenuator or equalizer, the CPU automatically calculates the uplink parameters according to the preset formula: ReturnGain (uplink gain) = ForwardTotalGain (downlink total gain) - A × ForwardTotalSlope (downlink total slope) ReturnSlope (upward slope) = B × ForwardTotalSlope (downward total slope) Among them, A and B are frequency coefficients under different frequency divisions, as shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0057] Implementation method: The CPU internally integrates an EEPROM to store the coefficient table, and the parameters of the upward attenuator (adjustable from 0 to 31 dB) and the equalizer (0 to 12 dB slope compensation) are updated in real time through the SPI interface, eliminating the need for manual debugging for each channel.

[0058] 2. Intelligent power-saving mode Power detection: The downward total power is monitored in real time through a directional coupler + detector diode at the output end of the final amplifier 4. The corresponding relationship between the detected voltage and the power is as follows: Detected voltage ≤ 0.45 V → Output power ≤ 16 dBm (power-saving mode is enabled); Detected voltage ≥ 0.5 V → Output power ≥ 18 dBm (power-saving mode is disabled).

[0059] Control logic: When the power ≤ 16 dBm, the CPU delays for 90 seconds to reduce the bias voltage of the QPA3314 module, and the power consumption drops from 15 W to 8 W; When the power rebounds to ≥ 18 dBm, full power supply is immediately restored, and the CPU polling period is 20 ms to ensure real-time response.

[0060] III. Temperature compensation and reliability design 1. NTC thermistor temperature compensation network Structural design: An NTC thermistor is connected in series in the bias circuits of the upward final amplifier (ASL39D2) and the downward final amplifier (QPA3314) to form a distributed compensation network.

[0061] Compensation effect: In the full temperature range of -40°C to 75°C, the upward gain fluctuation is controlled within 32 ± 0.75 dB, and the downward gain fluctuation is controlled within 51 ± 0.75 dB. The flatness P-P value is < 1.5 dB, meeting the requirements for long-distance cascade transmission in the field environment (for example, when the SYWV75-12 cable has a loss of 0.12 dB / m at 1.8 GHz, the actual transmission distance reaches 361 meters).

[0062] 2. Remote control and local operation Local control: Through the built-in LCD display screen and buttons, it supports real-time viewing / adjusting of the attenuator and equalizer parameters, and displays information such as the current frequency division mode and temperature compensation status.

[0063] Remote control: An FSK transponder module can be optionally configured to remotely issue commands through the CATV network to achieve functions such as parameter calibration and power-saving mode switching, and it is compatible with the intelligent radio and television network management system.

[0064] IV. Embodiment of Signal Transmission Path Taking the signal flow of the downstream channel as an example (refer to the appendix Figure 1 ): The signal enters from the "input port" and passes through a pluggable "input distribution component" (optional direct connection / two-way distribution / branching mode); A -20dB bidirectional test port is provided through a coupler and connected to a diplexer (such as 492 / 606MHz splitting mode); It successively passes through an input attenuator (adjustable from 0 to 15dB), an input equalizer (0 to 12dB slope compensation), and three - stage QPL1819 amplifiers (each stage with a 20dB gain); Through a cable simulator (simulating the loss of a 500 - meter SYWV75 - 5 cable), an inter - stage attenuator (6dB fixed attenuation), and an inter - stage equalizer (6dB slope compensation); Low - frequency interference is filtered out through a high - pass filter (cut - off at 606MHz) and enters the final - stage QPA3314 amplifier (21dB gain); Through an output diplexer and a directional coupler (-20dB test port), it is finally output from the "output distribution component" to the "output port 1 / 2".

[0065] V. The key differences from the prior art are as shown in Table 2 below: Table 2

[0066] In high - frequency circuit design, due to the skin effect of signal transmission, the higher the frequency, the greater the attenuation. Compared with traditional amplifiers, the 1.8GHz amplifier in the present invention mainly overcomes the problems of physical bandwidth merging and high gain of the amplifier. The bandwidth has been expanded from the traditional 1218MHz to 1794MHz, and the gain has also been increased from the traditional 36 - 44dB to 51dB. It provides strong support for the transmission of 1.8GHz signals on coaxial cables. In a cable television transmission system, to ensure the system signal - to - noise ratio (SNR) index and transmission distance, the cascade distance of amplifiers is usually defined as not less than 350 meters. Taking the SYWV75 - 12 main national standard coaxial cable as an example, its loss value at 1.8GHz is about 0.12dB / m, then: Theoretical transmission distance = 51 / 0.12 = 425 (meters); Generally, in order to consider the skin effect, at least 15% of the margin needs to be reserved in actual network applications, then Actual transmission distance = 425×(1 - 15%) ≈ 361 (meters); It can be seen that it fully meets the industry standard for the cascading distance of amplifiers in cable TV transmission systems.

[0067] The 1.8 GHz amplifier of the present invention fully conforms to the DOCSIS 4.0 standard, which is of great significance for the ongoing global upgrade and transformation of CATV networks. At the same time, it also fills the gap in the domestic CATV industry. It effectively solves the bottleneck problems in the transmission of services such as high-speed data communication (such as the 10 Gbps rate of DOCSIS 4.0), video on demand (VOD), and ultra-high definition (8K) video.

[0068] The parts not detailed in the present invention are prior art, so the present invention does not elaborate on them.

[0069] It can be understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more". That is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in other embodiments, the number of the element can be multiple. The term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0070] Although many technical terms are used in this article, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

[0071] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned best implementation manner. Anyone can obtain various other forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. However, no matter what changes are made in its shape or structure, as long as it has a technical solution identical or similar to that of the present invention, it falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-gain field line extension amplifier, characterized in that, Including: An uplink channel and a downlink channel, where the uplink channel and the downlink channel are respectively used to process uplink signals and downlink signals; An amplification module group, including at least two stages of low-noise amplification modules arranged in the uplink channel, and at least three stages of low-noise amplification modules and a final power amplification module arranged in the downlink channel; A physical isolation structure for isolating the uplink channel from the downlink channel to suppress crosstalk between channels; A configurable frequency division component that supports at least two uplink / downlink frequency division modes, and realizes the switching of frequency division by replacing passive filter components; A control unit for centrally controlling the attenuator, equalizer, and uplink input module of the amplifier, where: The attenuator and the equalizer are used to adjust signal gain and frequency response; The uplink input module includes a three-state switch for controlling the input state of the uplink signal; The control unit has a built-in algorithm to realize automatic calibration of the uplink channel parameters, and can automatically match the equalizer parameters by detecting the electrical characteristics of the frequency division component.

2. The high-gain field line extension amplifier according to claim 1, wherein The low-noise amplification module of the uplink channel uses a MMIC chip made of gallium arsenide, and the final power amplification module of the downlink channel uses a power multiplication module made of gallium nitride.

3. The high-gain field line extension amplifier according to claim 1, wherein The isolation degree of the physical isolation structure is greater than or equal to a preset isolation threshold, and the preset isolation threshold is 60dB - 80dB.

4. The high-gain field line extension amplifier according to claim 1, wherein The frequency division modes supported by the configurable frequency division component include at least two of: uplink 204 - 492MHz / downlink 258 - 1794MHz, uplink 396 - 492MHz / downlink 492 - 1794MHz, uplink 492 - 492MHz / downlink 606 - 1794MHz.

5. The high-gain field line extension amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit automatically switches the equalizer data table by detecting the voltage range corresponding to the ground resistance value of the frequency division component, and the voltage range includes at least two of 0 - 1V, 1 - 2V, 2 - 3.3V.

6. The high-gain field line extension amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the control unit performs automatic gain calibration, it adjusts the uplink channel parameters according to the following relational expressions: Uplink gain = Downlink total gain - Downlink total slope × A; Uplink slope = Downlink total slope × B; Where, A and B are respectively the frequency coefficients corresponding to different frequency division modes.

7. The high-gain field line extension amplifier according to claim 1, wherein It also includes a temperature compensation network, which is arranged in front of the final amplification modules of the uplink channel and the downlink channel, and adopts an NTC thermistor distributed compensation structure to compensate for the gain and flatness changes in the temperature range of -40°C to 75°C.

8. A high-gain outdoor line extension amplifier according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that It also includes an intelligent power-saving module, which automatically reduces the power consumption of the final power module by detecting the output power of the downlink channel when the output power is lower than a preset threshold, and the preset threshold is 16dBm - 18dBm.

9. A high-gain field line extension amplifier according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The control unit supports local display operation and remote control, and the remote control is realized through an FSK transponder module.

10. A high-gain field line extension amplifier according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The maximum gain of the uplink signal processing channel is 30 - 35dB, the maximum gain of the downlink signal processing channel is 48 - 55dB, and the gain fluctuation within the full temperature range does not exceed ±1dB.

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