Laser data encryption transmission system and method based on quantum key distribution

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and discloses a laser data encryption transmission system and method based on quantum key distribution, and the system comprises a quantum key distribution module, a key negotiation module, a data encryption module, a laser transmission channel, a channel monitoring and compensation module, an optical power beam splitter deviation correction module, and an environment perception and self-adaption module. And the quantum key distribution module is configured to generate and transmit quantum keys based on photons, and the photons are single photons or weak coherent photons. And the optical power beam splitter deviation correction module is used for correcting the deviation value of the optical power beam splitter. And the channel monitoring and compensating module is configured to compensate signal loss and noise of encrypted data transmission. And the environment perception and self-adaption module is configured to adjust transmission parameters for transmitting the encrypted data based on the quantum environment information. According to the system, the problems of loss and noise of quantum signals in the transmission process are effectively solved, and high quality of data transmission is ensured through real-time compensation and correction measures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of data processing, and particularly to a laser data encryption transmission system and method based on quantum key distribution. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of quantum communication technology, quantum key distribution (QKD) has become one of the important means to ensure communication security. Quantum key distribution utilizes the principles of quantum mechanics. Through the non-clonability of quantum states and the destruction characteristics of quantum states, it can generate a highly secure key for both communication parties. This key can be used to encrypt and decrypt communication data, thereby effectively preventing eavesdropping and cracking. However, quantum communication technology still faces some challenges. Especially during long-distance transmission, quantum signals are affected by factors such as attenuation, noise, and channel loss, resulting in a reduction in signal quality and key generation efficiency.

[0003] Currently, quantum key distribution systems mainly rely on fiber optic and free space transmission. However, in practical applications, due to the possible different losses and noises encountered by signals during transmission, the effective transmission of quantum signals is affected. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application proposes a laser data encryption transmission system and method based on quantum key distribution, aiming to improve the security and stability of data encryption transmission by optimizing quantum key distribution technology and laser transmission mechanism.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application proposes a laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution, including:

[0006] A quantum key distribution module, configured to generate a quantum key based on photons and transmit the quantum key, where the photons are single photons or weak coherent photons. A data encryption module, configured to encrypt the data to be transmitted based on the quantum key to generate encrypted data. A laser transmission channel, configured to transmit the encrypted data. An optical power splitter deviation correction module, used to correct the deviation value of the optical power splitter. A channel monitoring and compensation module, configured to monitor the quantum channel state and compensate for the signal loss and noise of the transmitted encrypted data based on the quantum channel state, where the quantum channel state is the state of the laser transmission channel. An environment perception and adaptive module, configured to monitor the quantum environment information of the laser transmission channel and adjust the transmission parameters of the transmitted encrypted data based on the quantum environment information.

[0007] Optionally, the channel monitoring and compensation module is further configured to: calculate the noise weight of the noise based on the noise level, noise threshold, and adjustment coefficient of the noise. Calculate the effective data transmission rate of the laser transmission channel based on the noise weight. When the effective data transmission rate is greater than or equal to the preset transmission rate threshold, determine to compensate for the signal loss and noise of the transmitted encrypted data. When the effective data transmission rate is less than the preset transmission rate threshold, determine not to compensate for the signal loss and noise of the transmitted encrypted data. Wherein, the noise weight satisfies the following formula:

[0008]

[0009] Wherein, N c represents the noise level; N th represents the noise threshold, β represents the adjustment coefficient, and Wn represents the noise weight. The effective data transmission rate satisfies the following formula:

[0010] R effective = R raw ·(1 - W n ).

[0011] R effective represents the effective data transmission rate; R raw represents the initial transmission rate of the laser transmission channel.

[0012] Optionally, the system further includes: a data sender and a data receiver. The channel monitoring and compensation module is further configured to: calculate the channel loss of the transmitted encrypted data based on the input power and output power, where the input power is the power of the encrypted data sent by the data sender, and the output power is the power of the encrypted data received by the data receiver. Calculate the minimum transmission power of the data sender based on the channel loss. Wherein, the channel loss satisfies the following formula:

[0013]

[0014] Wherein, Lc represents the channel loss, P iin represents the input power, P out represents the output power; the minimum transmission power satisfies the following formula:

[0015]

[0016] P required represents the minimum transmission power value of the data sender, and P receive represents the signal power value measured by the data receiver.

[0017] Optionally, the channel monitoring and compensation module is further configured to determine the quantum channel state based on the input power, the output power, and the channel loss coefficient, and adjust the transmission power of the data transmitter based on the quantum channel state. The quantum channel state satisfies the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] Where S channel represents the quantum channel state, Loss Factor represents the channel loss coefficient, and the channel loss coefficient satisfies the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] Where d0 represents the preset reference distance, d represents the transmission distance between the data transmitter and the data receiver, and n represents the attenuation exponent.

[0022] Optionally, the channel monitoring and compensation module is specifically configured to determine the compensation power based on the input power and the quantum channel state, and adjust the transmission power of the data transmitter based on the compensation power. The compensation power satisfies the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] Where P comp represents the compensation power.

[0025] Optionally, the system further includes a key negotiation module; the key negotiation module is configured to perform consistency verification on the quantum key of the data receiver and the quantum key of the data transmitter through the target channel; obtain the number of error bits detected by the data receiver and the total number of bits received by the data receiver. Determine the error rate based on the number of error bits and the total number of bits. When the error rate is greater than the preset error rate threshold, reduce the data transmission rate of the transmitted encrypted data. The error rate satisfies the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] Where E error represents the error rate, N error represents the number of error bits detected by the data receiver, and N total represents the total number of bits received by the data receiver.

[0028] Optionally, the key negotiation module is further configured to obtain the number of bits successfully corrected by the data receiver;

[0029] Determine the verification and error correction efficiency based on the number of successfully corrected bits and the number of error bits. When the verification and error correction efficiency is less than the preset efficiency threshold, increase the redundancy of the encrypted data based on the verification and error correction efficiency to obtain the adjusted redundancy.

[0030] The error correction efficiency satisfies the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] Among them, η correction represents the verification and error correction efficiency, and N corrected represents the number of successfully corrected bits; the adjusted redundancy satisfies the following formula:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, R redundancy,new represents the adjusted redundancy, and R redundancy,old represents the original redundancy.

[0035] Optionally, the key negotiation module is further configured to: adjust the data transmission rate based on the error rate and the preset error rate threshold to obtain the adjusted data transmission rate. Among them, the adjusted data transmission rate satisfies the following formula:

[0036]

[0037] Among them, R data,new represents the adjusted data transmission rate, R data,old represents the original data transmission rate, and Threshold represents the preset error rate threshold.

[0038] Optionally, the optical power splitter deviation correction module is specifically configured to: obtain the signal strength actually received at the data receiving end. Calculate the deviation value between the signal power received at the data receiving end and the expected received power. Determine the deviation value of the optical power splitter based on the actually received signal power and the expected received power. When the deviation value of the optical power splitter is greater than the preset deviation threshold, adjust the splitting ratio of the optical power splitter to obtain the adjusted splitting ratio. Among them, the deviation value of the optical power splitter satisfies the following formula:

[0039]

[0040] Among them, ΔP bias represents the deviation value of the optical power splitter, P actual represents the actually received signal power, and P expected represents the expected received power; the adjusted splitting ratio satisfies the following formula:

[0041] R adjusted =Rcurrent ×(1 - ɑ×ΔP bias )。

[0042] Wherein, R adjusted represents the adjusted beam splitting ratio, R current represents the current beam splitting ratio, and α represents the adjustment coefficient.

[0043] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for laser data encrypted transmission based on quantum key distribution, including: generating a quantum key based on photons, where the photons are single photons or weak coherent photons; encrypting the data to be transmitted based on the quantum key to generate encrypted data; performing transmission system optimization operations, where the transmission system optimization operations include at least one of the following: correcting the deviation value of the optical power beam splitter; monitoring the quantum channel state and compensating for the signal loss and noise of the transmitted encrypted data based on the quantum channel state, where the quantum channel state is the state of the laser transmission channel; monitoring the quantum environment information of the laser transmission channel and adjusting the transmission parameters of the transmitted encrypted data based on the quantum environment information. When the transmission system optimization operations are completed, the encrypted data is transmitted.

[0044] In a third aspect, there is provided a device for laser data encrypted transmission based on quantum key distribution, including a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer execution instructions, and the processor is connected to the memory through a bus; when the device for laser data encrypted transmission based on quantum key distribution runs, the processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory, so that the device for laser data encrypted transmission based on quantum key distribution executes the method for laser data encrypted transmission based on quantum key distribution described in the second aspect.

[0045] The device for laser data encrypted transmission based on quantum key distribution may be a network device or a part of a device in the network device, such as a chip system in the network device. The chip system is used to support the network device to implement the functions involved in the first aspect and any one of its possible implementation manners, for example, obtaining, determining, and sending the data and / or information involved in the method for laser data encrypted transmission based on quantum key distribution described above. The chip system includes a chip and may also include other discrete devices or circuit structures.

[0046] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium includes computer execution instructions, and when the computer execution instructions run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method for laser data encrypted transmission based on quantum key distribution described in the second aspect.

[0047] In a fifth aspect, there is also provided a computer program product, which includes computer instructions. When the computer instructions run on a laser data encryption transmission device based on quantum key distribution, the laser data encryption transmission device based on quantum key distribution is caused to execute the laser data encryption transmission method based on quantum key distribution as described in the second aspect above.

[0048] It should be noted that the above computer instructions may be stored in whole or in part on a computer-readable storage medium. Among them, the computer-readable storage medium may be packaged together with the processor of the laser data encryption transmission device based on quantum key distribution, or may be separately packaged from the processor of the laser data encryption transmission device based on quantum key distribution. The embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation in this regard.

[0049] For the descriptions of the second aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect, and the fifth aspect in the present application, reference may be made to the detailed description of the first aspect.

[0050] In the embodiments of the present application, the name of the above laser data encryption transmission device based on quantum key distribution does not constitute a limitation on the device or functional module itself. In actual implementation, these devices or functional modules may appear under other names. For example, the receiving unit may also be referred to as a receiving module, a receiver, etc. As long as the functions of each device or functional module are similar to those of the present application and fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies.

[0051] The present application provides a pipeline insulation monitoring system through a wireless passive sensor. In this system, the quantum key distribution module generates a quantum key that is difficult to eavesdrop on by means of single photons or weak coherent photons, and cooperates with the data encryption module, thereby being able to improve data security. The optical power splitter deviation correction module can accurately correct the splitter deviation and maintain the stability of optical signal transmission and transmission performance. The channel monitoring and compensation module monitors and compensates the signal loss and noise of the laser transmission channel in real time, can reduce the bit error rate, and ensure the stable and reliable transmission. Moreover, the environment perception and adaptive module can perceive the quantum environment information and flexibly adjust the transmission parameters accordingly, thereby reducing the influence of the environment on the transmitted data and further improving the accuracy of the transmitted data. In summary, adopting the solution of the present application can not only improve the security of the transmitted data, but also reduce the influence of loss and noise on signal transmission, thereby improving the accuracy of the transmitted data. Description of the Drawings

[0052] By reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present application. Moreover, throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 Block diagram of a laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 2 Flow chart of a laser data encryption transmission method based on quantum key distribution provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0055] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present disclosure can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Hereinafter, the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0056] Refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution, including: a quantum key distribution module, a data encryption module, a laser transmission channel, an optical power splitter deviation correction module, a channel monitoring and compensation module, and an environment perception and adaptation module.

[0057] Among them, the quantum key distribution module is configured to generate a quantum key based on photons and transmit the quantum key, where the photons are single photons or weak coherent photons.

[0058] Exemplarily, the quantum key can be transmitted through a quantum channel.

[0059] In some embodiments, the quantum key distribution module may include: a quantum light source, a quantum state encoding unit, a quantum channel transmission unit, and a quantum state detection unit.

[0060] Among them, the quantum light source is configured to generate photons. The quantum state encoding unit is configured to perform quantum state encoding on the photons based on the BB84 protocol to obtain a photon signal. The quantum channel transmission unit is configured to transmit the photon signal through an optical fiber or free space. The quantum state detection unit is configured to detect the received photon signal through a single photon detector and record its quantum state, and this quantum state is used to represent the information of the quantum key.

[0061] It can be understood that the quantum key distribution module described in this embodiment includes: a quantum light source configured to generate photons, which can be single photons or weak coherent photon signals; a quantum state encoding unit configured to perform quantum state encoding on the generated photons based on the BB84 protocol to obtain encoded photon signals; a quantum channel transmission unit configured to transmit the encoded photon signals through an optical fiber or free space; and a quantum state detection unit configured to detect the received photon signals through single-photon detectors and record their quantum states. Through the above configuration, the quantum key distribution module can achieve secure key exchange, ensuring that both communication parties can share a key, and then use this key for encryption and decryption in subsequent communication processes to ensure the security of information transmission.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present application, a data encryption module is configured to encrypt data to be transmitted based on a quantum key to generate encrypted data.

[0063] It should be understood that the data encryption module encrypts the data based on the quantum key to generate encrypted data. In this way, the characteristics of the quantum key can be utilized to make the encrypted data have extremely high security and be difficult to be cracked by unauthorized third parties.

[0064] A laser transmission channel is configured to transmit encrypted data.

[0065] It can be understood that the laser transmission channel is a dedicated channel for transmitting encrypted data. By utilizing the high bandwidth and low attenuation characteristics of the laser, the high speed and high fidelity of the data during transmission are ensured.

[0066] An optical power splitter deviation correction module is used to correct the deviation value of the optical power splitter.

[0067] In a possible implementation manner, the optical power splitter deviation correction module can monitor the optical powers of the output ports of the optical power splitter. Then, the optical power splitter deviation correction module can calculate the deviation value between the optical power of each output port and the preset power according to the design parameters of the optical power splitter and the preset power distribution ratio.

[0068] For example, if the optical power splitter is designed to equally distribute the input optical power to two output ports, and it is actually measured that the power of one port is 60% of the total input power and the other port is 40%, then the deviation value of the distribution ratio of the two ports from the preset power distribution ratio (such as 50%) can be calculated as 10%.

[0069] Then, the optical power splitter deviation correction module can adjust the parameters of the optical power splitter according to the calculated deviation value. There are two common adjustment methods.

[0070] Exemplarily, for an optical power splitter based on the fused biconical taper technology, the propagation path of light in the splitter can be changed by finely adjusting the shape or angle of the tapered part, thereby adjusting the power distribution ratio. For another example, by applying an external electric field or magnetic field to change the optical properties of the splitter material, the adjustment of optical power distribution can be achieved.

[0071] It can be understood that by correcting the deviation value of the optical power splitter, it is ensured that the data can be correctly restored after transmission and the overall performance of the system is maintained.

[0072] A channel monitoring and compensation module is configured to monitor the state of the quantum channel and compensate for the signal loss and noise of the transmitted encrypted data based on the state of the quantum channel.

[0073] In a possible design, the state of the quantum channel is the state of the laser transmission channel.

[0074] In another possible design, the state of the quantum channel is the state of the quantum channel. Among them, the signal loss and noise of the transmitted quantum key can also be compensated based on the state of the quantum channel.

[0075] Exemplarily, the state of the quantum channel may include: optical signal intensity, optical signal phase, noise level, channel loss, polarization state, etc.

[0076] In a possible implementation manner, for signal loss, devices such as optical amplifiers can be added to enhance the intensity of the optical signal. For noise, the channel monitoring and compensation module can use digital signal processing technologies, such as filtering and noise reduction algorithms, to process the signals received at the receiving end to remove or reduce noise.

[0077] It can be understood that the channel monitoring and compensation module monitors the state of the quantum channel and dynamically compensates for signal loss and noise according to the monitoring results, which can maintain the communication quality in long-distance transmission.

[0078] An environment perception and adaptation module is configured to monitor the quantum environment information of the laser transmission channel and adjust the transmission parameters of the transmitted encrypted data based on the quantum environment information.

[0079] Optionally, the transmission parameters of the transmitted key information can be adjusted based on the quantum environment information of the quantum channel.

[0080] Among them, the quantum environment information may include at least one of the following: temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference, vibration, etc. The transmission parameters may include at least one of the following: transmission power, modulation method, transmission rate.

[0081] It should be understood that the function of the environment perception and adaptation module is to optimize communication performance. It can sense changes in the external environment and automatically adjust the transmission to adapt to the environmental changes, thereby ensuring the stability and efficiency of communication.

[0082] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a data management system configured to store the transmission information of the transmitted encrypted data.

[0083] Exemplarily, the transmission information includes: the transmission time of the encrypted data, the identification information of the data sender and the data receiver, the time for decrypting the encrypted data, the quantum key used, the optimization operations on the laser data encryption transmission system (which can be simply referred to as the transmission system) based on the quantum key distribution technology, etc.

[0084] In this way, by recording the transmission information of the transmitted encrypted data through the data management system, it is convenient to analyze the subsequent communication process, diagnose faults, and evaluate performance.

[0085] It can be understood that the embodiments of the present application propose an innovative laser data encryption transmission system based on the quantum key distribution technology. The system consists of multiple parts, including: a quantum key distribution module, a data encryption module, a laser transmission channel, a channel monitoring and compensation module, an optical power splitter deviation correction module, and an environment perception and adaptation module. Through the quantum key distribution module, data can be encrypted to improve data security. Through the laser transmission channel, data is transmitted, ensuring high speed and high fidelity during the transmission process. Through the channel monitoring and compensation module, the optical power splitter deviation correction module, and the environment perception and adaptation module, the optimization of the data transmission process can be completed, thereby improving communication quality and communication performance.

[0086] In some embodiments, the channel monitoring and compensation module is further configured to: calculate the noise weight value of the noise based on the noise level, noise threshold, and adjustment coefficient of the noise. Calculate the effective data transmission rate of the laser transmission channel based on the noise weight value. When the effective data transmission rate is greater than or equal to the preset transmission rate threshold, determine to compensate for the signal loss and noise of the transmitted encrypted data. When the effective data transmission rate is less than the preset transmission rate threshold, determine not to compensate for the signal loss and noise of the transmitted encrypted data.

[0087] In the embodiments of the present application, the noise weight value satisfies the following formula (1):

[0088]

[0089] where N c represents the noise level, N th represents the noise threshold, β represents the adjustment coefficient, and W n represents the noise weight value.

[0090] The effective data transmission rate satisfies Formula 2:

[0091] R effective = R raw ·(1 - W n ) Formula 2.

[0092] Wherein, R effective represents the effective data transmission rate, and R raw represents the initial transmission rate of the laser transmission channel.

[0093] In the embodiments of the present application, the effective data transmission rate refers to the amount of effective data successfully transmitted per unit time.

[0094] Optionally, the channel monitoring and compensation module includes a noise suppression unit, which can calculate the noise weight value, determine the effective data transmission rate, and determine whether to compensate for the signal loss and noise of the transmitted encrypted data.

[0095] It should be understood that by dynamically adjusting the noise weight value, the channel monitoring and compensation module can effectively suppress the noise interference during the transmission process and improve the reliability of data transmission. By calculating the effective data transmission rate, the channel monitoring and compensation module can determine whether power compensation is required to adapt to different transmission environments and conditions. When the effective data transmission rate is less than the preset transmission rate threshold, the power compensation mechanism can be enabled to ensure the continuity and stability of data transmission. And when the effective data transmission rate is greater than or equal to the preset transmission rate threshold, no compensation is required, thereby reducing resource consumption. In summary, the channel monitoring and compensation module can implement an adaptive noise suppression and power compensation mechanism, enabling the laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution to still maintain efficient and secure data transmission in the face of complex and changeable communication environments.

[0096] In some embodiments, the laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution further includes: a data sending end and a data receiving end. Wherein, the data sending end is used to send encrypted data so that the encrypted data is transmitted through the laser transmission channel. The data receiving end is used to receive the encrypted data through the laser transmission channel.

[0097] In the embodiments of the present application, the channel monitoring and compensation module is further configured to: calculate the channel loss of the transmitted encrypted data based on the input power and the output power, where the input power is the power of the encrypted data sent by the data sending end, and the output power is the power of the encrypted data received by the data receiving end. Then, based on the channel loss, calculate the minimum transmission power of the data sending end.

[0098] Wherein, the channel loss satisfies the following Formula 3:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, Lc represents the channel loss, and P in represents the input power, and P out represents the output power.

[0101] In the embodiments of the present application, the minimum transmission power satisfies the following formula four:

[0102]

[0103] P required represents the minimum transmission power value of the data sending end, and P receive represents the signal power value measured by the data receiving end.

[0104] It should be understood that the output power refers to the power carried by the encrypted data signal itself after being transmitted through the laser transmission channel. The signal power value measured by the data receiving end includes the power of the encrypted data signal and the noise power and other interference signal powers mixed in the transmission process.

[0105] Optionally, the channel monitoring and compensation module further includes a channel loss measurement unit and a power compensation unit. The channel loss measurement unit is configured with a channel loss calculation formula (i.e., formula three), and can determine the channel loss based on the channel loss calculation formula. The power compensation unit is configured to calculate the minimum transmission power based on the channel loss.

[0106] It can be understood that after determining the channel loss, determining the minimum transmission power based on the channel loss can not only ensure that the signal can overcome the loss during transmission and stably reach the data receiving end, but also prevent the sending end from consuming excessive energy and reduce equipment loss, thereby improving the efficient operation of the transmission system in different environments.

[0107] In some embodiments, the channel monitoring and compensation module is further configured to: determine the quantum channel state based on the input power, the output power, and the channel loss coefficient. Then, based on the quantum channel state, adjust the transmission power of the data sending end. Among them, the quantum channel state is used to indicate the changes in channel loss and / or noise.

[0108] Among them, the quantum channel state satisfies the following formula five:

[0109]

[0110] Among them, S channel represents the quantum channel state, and Loss Factor represents the channel loss coefficient.

[0111] In the embodiments of the present application, the channel loss coefficient can be determined based on a preset reference distance, the transmission distance between the data sending end and the data receiving end, and the attenuation exponent. The channel loss coefficient satisfies the following formula six:

[0112]

[0113] Among them, d0 represents a preset reference distance, d represents the transmission distance between the data sending end and the data receiving end, and n represents the attenuation exponent.

[0114] It should be understood that the channel loss coefficient is obtained based on the distance from the preset reference distance, the transmission distance between the data sending end and the data receiving end, and the attenuation exponent. The above parameters can determine the current quality of the channel, such as the attenuation degree of the signal and the influence of noise.

[0115] In the embodiment of the present application, the channel monitoring and compensation module further includes a channel state monitoring unit. The channel state monitoring unit is configured to monitor in real time the channel loss, noise level, and signal strength (input power and output power) in the laser transmission channel, and determine the quantum channel state through Equation Five.

[0116] The channel monitoring and compensation module further includes a channel compensation unit. The channel state monitoring unit transmits the quantum channel state to the channel compensation unit through a feedback mechanism, and the channel compensation unit adjusts the transmission power of the data sending end according to the quantum channel state.

[0117] Exemplarily, by estimating the quantum channel state in real time and providing a feedback signal, the channel compensation unit can adjust the transmission power in a timely manner to adapt to the change of the quantum channel state. For example, when the quantum channel state indicates an increase in channel loss or an increase in noise level, the channel compensation unit will increase the transmission power to ensure that the signal can be effectively transmitted to the data receiving end. On the contrary, if the quantum channel state indicates a decrease in channel loss or a decrease in noise level, the channel compensation unit can reduce the transmission power, thereby saving energy and reducing potential interference.

[0118] It can be understood that by monitoring in real time the signal loss, noise level, and signal strength in the quantum channel (i.e., the laser transmission channel), the overall condition of the channel can be accurately evaluated. Then, the transmission power can be adjusted based on the quantum channel state. In this way, by dynamically adjusting the power according to the channel state, not only the performance of the transmission system is improved, but also the robustness of the system is enhanced.

[0119] In some embodiments, the channel monitoring and compensation module is specifically configured to: determine a compensation power based on the input power and the quantum channel state, and the compensation power is used to adjust the transmission power. Adjust the transmission power of the data sending end based on the compensation power.

[0120] Among them, the compensation power satisfies the following Equation Seven:

[0121]

[0122] Among them, P comp represents the compensation power.

[0123] It can be understood that by calculating the compensation power, the transmission power of the data sender is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the signal can adapt to the changes in the channel conditions during the transmission process. The calculation of the compensation power takes into account factors such as channel loss, preset reference distance, current distance, attenuation exponent, and noise level to ensure that the signal strength remains in the best state when reaching the data receiver.

[0124] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the dynamic power adjustment mechanism can improve the adaptability and robustness of the transmission system. For example, in a transmission system, due to the vulnerability of quantum signals, a higher requirement for adapting to channel conditions is imposed. By real-time monitoring the channel state and correspondingly adjusting the transmission power, the system can effectively cope with the fluctuations of channel loss and noise, ensure the stable transmission of quantum signals, and thus improve the security and reliability of the transmission system.

[0125] In addition, the dynamic power adjustment also helps to extend the service life of the quantum light source. By avoiding unnecessary high-power emissions, the wear of the quantum light source can be reduced, its working life can be extended, and the maintenance cost can be lowered. At the same time, reasonable power management also helps to reduce the energy consumption of the system.

[0126] In summary, the channel monitoring and compensation module provided by the present application forms a set of efficient transmission optimization mechanisms by integrating functional units such as noise suppression, channel loss measurement, power compensation, and channel state monitoring. This mechanism can real-time monitor and adapt to the changes in channel conditions, dynamically adjust the transmission power, so as to ensure the efficiency, stability, and security of data transmission.

[0127] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a key negotiation module. The key negotiation module is configured to: perform consistency verification on the quantum key of the data receiver and the quantum key of the data sender through the target channel.

[0128] Exemplarily, the target channel can be a communication channel such as an optical fiber, radio, etc.

[0129] Optionally, the target channel can be a quantum channel.

[0130] In the embodiments of the present application, both the data sender and the data receiver can obtain quantum keys through the quantum key distribution module. Then, the key negotiation module can perform consistency verification on the quantum key of the data receiver and the quantum key of the data sender through the target channel.

[0131] For example, by comparing information such as the hash values of some key fragments, it is determined whether the quantum keys are consistent.

[0132] It should be understood that the key negotiation module completes the consistency verification of the quantum key through the target channel, ensuring that both communication parties have the same key, which provides a necessary prerequisite for data encryption and decryption.

[0133] In some embodiments, the key negotiation module is further configured to: obtain the number of error bits detected by the data receiver and the total number of bits received by the data receiver. Based on the number of error bits and the total number of bits, determine the error rate. When the error rate is greater than a preset error rate threshold, reduce the data transmission rate of the transmitted encrypted data.

[0134] Wherein, the total number of bits received by the data receiver refers to the total number of all binary bits (bits) of the encrypted data received by the data receiver from the laser transmission channel. The number of error bits detected by the data receiver refers to the number of bits detected to have errors among the total number of received bits.

[0135] In the embodiments of the present application, the error rate satisfies the following formula VIII:

[0136]

[0137] Wherein, E error represents the error rate, N error represents the number of error bits detected by the data receiver, and N total represents the total number of bits received by the data receiver.

[0138] It can be understood that the accuracy of data transmission can be evaluated by determining the error rate. When the detected error rate is greater than the preset error rate threshold, the transmission rate can be reduced to ensure the integrity and reliability of the data. In this way, by dynamically adjusting the transmission rate, the adaptive ability of the transmission system can be improved.

[0139] In some embodiments, other parameters in the transmission system can also be adjusted based on the error rate. The retransmission frequency of the quantum key can be adjusted based on the error rate, or an error correction algorithm with a complexity greater than a threshold can be adopted, and this error correction algorithm is used to correct the received quantum key.

[0140] In a possible implementation manner, when the error rate is greater than the preset error rate threshold, increase the number of retransmissions of the quantum key. When the error rate is less than or equal to the preset error rate threshold, reduce the number of retransmissions of the quantum key.

[0141] It can be understood that by adjusting the retransmission frequency of the quantum key, resource consumption and communication time can be reduced while ensuring the accuracy of the key, and the success rate of key generation can be improved to balance communication efficiency and key quality.

[0142] In some embodiments, the key negotiation module has an intelligent learning function. The key negotiation module can obtain the historical error rate and predict the future quantum channel state based on the historical error rate. Subsequently, the key negotiation module can optimize the transmission system based on the future quantum channel state.

[0143] In some embodiments, the key negotiation module is further configured to: obtain the number of bits successfully corrected by the data receiving end. Subsequently, based on the number of successfully corrected bits and the number of error bits, determine the verification and error correction efficiency. Wherein, the error correction efficiency satisfies the following formula nine:

[0144]

[0145] Where, η correction represents the verification and error correction efficiency, and N corrected represents the number of bits successfully corrected.

[0146] When the verification and error correction efficiency is less than the preset efficiency threshold, the redundancy of the encrypted data is increased based on the verification and error correction efficiency to obtain the adjusted redundancy.

[0147] Where, the adjusted redundancy satisfies the following formula ten:

[0148]

[0149] Where, R redundancy,new represents the adjusted redundancy, and R redundancy,old represents the original redundancy.

[0150] It should be understood that the redundancy refers to adding additional information (i.e., redundant information) to the original data, and there is a certain correlation between this redundant information and the original data. By increasing the redundancy, when errors occur in the data, these redundant information can be used to detect and correct the errors.

[0151] It can be understood that the error correction effect can be determined through the verification and error correction efficiency. When the verification and error correction efficiency is less than the preset efficiency threshold, the redundancy of the encrypted data can be increased to ensure that errors can be corrected more effectively during the transmission process, improving the integrity and reliability of the data. This strategy of dynamically adjusting the data redundancy further enhances the robustness and anti-interference ability of the transmission system.

[0152] In some embodiments, the redundancy can be adjusted based on the quantum channel state. When the quantum channel state does not meet the preset state threshold, the redundancy can be increased. When the quantum channel state meets the preset state threshold, the redundancy can be reduced.

[0153] It is understandable that in the case of poor channel conditions, the system can increase redundancy to improve the error correction ability. While in the case of good channel conditions, the redundancy can be reduced to improve the transmission efficiency.

[0154] Optionally, the key negotiation module also has an adaptive optimization function, which can dynamically adjust the verification and error correction efficiency and the redundancy of the encrypted data according to the real-time monitored quantum channel state and error rate, so as to achieve the optimal transmission effect. This intelligent adjustment mechanism enables the system to always maintain efficient and stable data transmission in different communication environments.

[0155] In the embodiment of the present application, the key negotiation module is further configured to: adjust the data transmission rate based on the error rate and a preset error rate threshold to obtain an adjusted data transmission rate.

[0156] Wherein, the adjusted data transmission rate satisfies the following formula XI:

[0157]

[0158] Wherein, R data,new represents the adjusted data transmission rate, R data,old represents the original data transmission rate, and Threshold represents the preset error rate threshold.

[0159] It is understandable that when the error rate is greater than the preset error rate threshold, the transmission rate can be reduced to ensure the accuracy of data transmission. Through this dynamic adjustment mechanism, the system can flexibly optimize the data transmission rate and redundancy according to the real-time communication situation, so as to achieve efficient data transmission on the premise of ensuring data integrity and reliability.

[0160] In some embodiments, the optical power splitter deviation correction module is specifically configured to: obtain the signal intensity actually received by the data receiving end. Calculate the deviation value between the signal power received by the data receiving end and the expected received power. Determine the deviation value of the optical power splitter based on the actually received signal power and the expected received power. When the deviation value of the optical power splitter is greater than the preset deviation threshold, adjust the splitting ratio of the optical power splitter to obtain an adjusted splitting ratio.

[0161] It should be understood that in practical applications, the dynamic correction of the optical power splitter deviation can reduce the transmission error caused by environmental factors or equipment aging, thereby extending the service life of the system and improving the overall communication efficiency.

[0162] Wherein, the deviation value of the optical power splitter satisfies the following formula XII:

[0163]

[0164] Among them, ΔP bias represents the deviation value of the optical power splitter, and P actual represents the actually received signal power, and P expected represents the expected received power. The adjusted splitting ratio satisfies the following formula XIII:

[0165] R adjusted = R current ×(1 - ɑ×ΔP bias ) Formula XIII.

[0166] Among them, R adjusted represents the adjusted splitting ratio, R current represents the current splitting ratio, and α represents the adjustment coefficient.

[0167] Exemplarily, if the preset deviation threshold is 0, when ΔP bias is greater than 0, it means that the actually received signal power at the data receiving end exceeds the expectation, and the splitting ratio of the optical power splitter needs to be adjusted.

[0168] In some embodiments, the optical power splitter deviation correction module is integrated in the data receiving end. The data receiving end can receive and decrypt the encrypted data, and at the same time correct the deviation of the optical power splitter.

[0169] It can be understood that by calculating the deviation value between the signal power received by the data receiving end and the expected received power, the deviation value of the optical power splitter can be effectively corrected. In this way, not only the quality of signal reception is improved, but also the anti-interference ability of the system is further enhanced. When the deviation value of the optical power splitter is greater than the preset deviation threshold, the splitting ratio of the optical power splitter is adjusted to obtain the adjusted splitting ratio. That is, the optical power splitter deviation correction module also has an adaptive adjustment function, which can automatically optimize the splitting ratio according to the real-time measured signal intensity to ensure the best signal reception state under different communication conditions.

[0170] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides a laser data encryption transmission method based on quantum key distribution, which is applied to the above-mentioned Figure 1 laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution, including:

[0171] S201. Generate a quantum key based on photons.

[0172] Among them, the photons are single photons or weak coherent photons.

[0173] In a possible implementation, photons are generated and quantum state encoding is performed on the photons based on the BB84 protocol to obtain a photon signal. Then, the photon signal is transmitted through an optical fiber or free space. Then, the received photon signal is detected by a single-photon detector and its quantum state is recorded, and this quantum state is used to represent the information of the quantum key.

[0174] S202. Encrypt the data to be transmitted based on the quantum key to generate encrypted data.

[0175] S203. Perform transmission system optimization operations.

[0176] Among them, the transmission system optimization operations include at least one of the following: correcting the deviation value of the optical power beam splitter; monitoring the quantum channel state and compensating for the signal loss and noise of the transmitted encrypted data based on the quantum channel state, where the quantum channel state is the state of the laser transmission channel; monitoring the quantum environment information of the laser transmission channel and adjusting the transmission parameters of the transmitted encrypted data based on the quantum environment information.

[0177] It should be noted that for the specific introduction of the transmission system optimization operations, reference can be made to the above introduction of the optical power beam splitter deviation correction module, the channel monitoring and compensation module, and the environment perception and adaptive module, which will not be elaborated here.

[0178] S204. Transmit the encrypted data when the transmission system optimization operations are completed.

[0179] It can be understood that by generating a quantum key that is difficult to eavesdrop on with single photons or weak coherent photons and cooperating with the data encryption module, the data security can be improved. Moreover, by accurately correcting the beam splitter deviation, the stability and transmission performance of the optical signal transmission can be maintained. Moreover, by compensating for the signal loss and noise of the laser transmission channel, the bit error rate can be reduced to ensure the stable and reliable transmission. Moreover, by obtaining the quantum environment information, the transmission parameters can be flexibly adjusted, thereby reducing the impact of the environment on the transmitted data and further improving the accuracy of the transmitted data. In summary, adopting the solution of the present application can not only improve the security of the transmitted data, but also reduce the influence of loss and noise on the signal transmission, thereby improving the accuracy of the transmitted data.

[0180] The above mainly introduces the solution provided by the embodiments of the present application from the perspective of methods. To implement the above functions, it includes the corresponding hardware structures and / or software modules for executing each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, combining the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0181] The embodiments of the present application can divide the functional modules of the laser data encryption transmission device based on quantum key distribution according to the above method examples. For example, each functional module can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. Optionally, the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, only a logical functional division, and there can be other division methods in actual implementation.

[0182] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, which includes computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions run on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the laser data encryption transmission method based on quantum key distribution provided in the above embodiments.

[0183] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, which can be directly loaded into a memory and contains software code. After the computer program product is loaded and executed by a computer, it can implement the laser data encryption transmission method based on quantum key distribution provided in the above embodiments.

[0184] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements do not make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0185] For the system provided by the above embodiments, only the division of the above functional modules is used for illustration. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules according to needs, that is, the modules or steps in the embodiments of the present invention can be further decomposed or combined. For example, the modules in the above embodiments can be combined into one module, or further split into multiple sub-modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The names of the modules and steps involved in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to distinguish each module or step, and are not regarded as an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0186] Those skilled in the art should be able to realize that the modules and method steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. The programs corresponding to the software modules and method steps can be placed in a random access memory (RAM), internal memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium well-known in the technical field. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of electronic hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described according to functions in the above description. Whether these functions are executed in the form of electronic hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution, characterized in that, Including: A quantum key distribution module, configured to generate a quantum key based on photons and transmit the quantum key, where the photons are single photons or weak coherent photons; A data encryption module, configured to encrypt data to be transmitted based on the quantum key to generate encrypted data; A laser transmission channel, configured to transmit the encrypted data; An optical power splitter deviation correction module, used to correct the deviation value of the optical power splitter; A channel monitoring and compensation module, configured to monitor the state of the quantum channel and compensate for the signal loss and noise of transmitting the encrypted data based on the state of the quantum channel, where the state of the quantum channel is the state of the laser transmission channel; An environment perception and adaptation module, configured to monitor the quantum environment information of the laser transmission channel and adjust the transmission parameters of transmitting the encrypted data based on the quantum environment information.

2. The laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The channel monitoring and compensation module is further configured to: Calculate the noise weight value of the noise based on the noise level, noise threshold, and adjustment coefficient of the noise; Calculate the effective data transmission rate of the laser transmission channel based on the noise weight value; When the effective data transmission rate is greater than or equal to a preset transmission rate threshold, determine to compensate for the signal loss and noise of transmitting the encrypted data; When the effective data transmission rate is less than the preset transmission rate threshold, determine not to compensate for the signal loss and noise of transmitting the encrypted data; Wherein, the noise weight value satisfies the following formula: where, N c represents the noise level; N th represents the noise threshold, β represents the adjustment coefficient, W n represents the noise weight; The effective data transmission rate satisfies the following formula: R effective = R raw ·(1 - W n ); R effective represents the effective data transfer rate; R raw represents the initial transfer rate of the laser transmission channel.

3. The laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution according to claim 1, wherein The system further includes: a data sending end and a data receiving end; the channel monitoring and compensation module is further configured to: Calculate the channel loss of transmitting the encrypted data based on the input power and output power, where the input power is the power of the data sending end transmitting the encrypted data, and the output power is the power of the data receiving end receiving the encrypted data; Calculate the minimum transmission power of the data sending end based on the channel loss; Wherein, the channel loss satisfies the following formula: where Lc represents the channel loss, and P in represents the input power, and P out represents the output power; the minimum transmission power satisfies the following formula: P required represents the minimum transmission power value of the data transmitter, P receive represents the signal power value measured by the data receiver.

4. The laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that, The channel monitoring and compensation module is further configured to: Determine the state of the quantum channel based on the input power, the output power, and the channel loss coefficient; Adjust the transmission power of the data sending end based on the state of the quantum channel; Wherein, the state of the quantum channel satisfies the following formula: where S channel represents the state of the quantum channel, and Loss Factor represents the channel loss coefficient, and the channel loss coefficient satisfies the following formula: Wherein, d0 represents a preset reference distance, d represents the transmission distance between the data sending end and the data receiving end, and n represents the attenuation exponent.

5. The laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution according to claim 4, characterized in that, The channel monitoring and compensation module is specifically configured to: Determine the compensation power based on the input power and the state of the quantum channel; Adjust the transmission power of the data sending end based on the compensation power; Wherein, the compensation power satisfies the following formula: Among them, P comp represents the compensation power.

6. The laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution according to claim 1, wherein The system further includes: a key negotiation module; the key negotiation module is configured to: Perform consistency verification on the quantum key of the data receiving end and the quantum key of the data sending end through a target channel; Obtain the number of error bits detected by the data receiving end and the total number of bits received by the data receiving end; Determine the error rate based on the number of error bits and the total number of bits. When the error rate is greater than a preset error rate threshold, reduce the data transmission rate for transmitting the encrypted data; The error rate satisfies the following formula: Among them, E error represents the error rate, N error represents the number of error bits detected by the data receiver, N total represents the total number of bits received by the data receiver.

7. The laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution according to claim 6, characterized in that, The key negotiation module is further configured to: Obtain the number of bits successfully corrected by the data receiver; Based on the number of successfully corrected bits and the number of error bits, determine the error correction efficiency; When the error correction efficiency is less than a preset efficiency threshold, increase the redundancy of the encrypted data based on the error correction efficiency to obtain an adjusted redundancy; The error correction efficiency satisfies the following formula: Among them, η correction represents the error correction efficiency, and N corrected represents the number of successfully corrected bits; the adjusted redundancy satisfies the following formula: Among them, R redundancy,new represents the adjusted redundancy, and R redundancy,old represents the original redundancy.

8. The laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution according to claim 7, characterized in that, The key negotiation module is further configured to: Based on the error rate and the preset error rate threshold, adjust the data transmission rate to obtain the adjusted data transmission rate; Wherein, the adjusted data transmission rate satisfies the following formula: Among them, R data,new represents the adjusted data transmission rate, and R data,old represents the original data transmission rate, and Threshold represents the preset error rate threshold.

9. The laser data encryption transmission system based on quantum key distribution according to claim 8, wherein The optical power splitter deviation correction module is specifically configured to: Obtain the signal strength actually received by the data receiver; Calculate the deviation value between the signal power received by the data receiver and the expected received power; Based on the actually received signal power and the expected received power, determine the deviation value of the optical power splitter; When the deviation value of the optical power splitter is greater than a preset deviation threshold, adjust the splitting ratio of the optical power splitter to obtain the adjusted splitting ratio; Wherein, the deviation value of the optical power splitter satisfies the following formula: Among them, ΔP bias represents the deviation value of the optical power splitter, P actual represents the actually received signal power, P expected represents the expected received power; the adjusted beam splitting ratio satisfies the following formula: R adjusted = R current × (1 - α × ΔP bias ); Among them, R adjusted represents the adjusted beam splitting ratio, and R current represents the current beam splitting ratio, and α represents the adjustment coefficient.

10. A laser data encryption transmission method based on quantum key distribution, characterized in that, Includes: Generate a quantum key based on photons, where the photons are single photons or weak coherent photons; Encrypt the data to be transmitted based on the quantum key to generate encrypted data; Perform transmission system optimization operations, where the transmission system optimization operations include at least one of the following: correcting the deviation value of the optical power splitter; monitoring the quantum channel state and compensating for the signal loss and noise during the transmission of the encrypted data based on the quantum channel state, where the quantum channel state is the state of the laser transmission channel; monitoring the quantum environment information of the laser transmission channel and adjusting the transmission parameters for transmitting the encrypted data based on the quantum environment information; Transmit the encrypted data after completing the transmission system optimization operations.

Images