Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The photovoltaic module comprises a packaging adhesive film layer which is provided with a light receiving surface and a backlight surface which are opposite, the light receiving surface faces a light source, and the backlight surface is far away from the light source; the glass layer is arranged on the light receiving surface of the packaging adhesive film layer; the photovoltaic battery layer is packaged in the packaging adhesive film layer and comprises at least two battery pieces arranged at intervals, and each battery piece comprises a power generation area and a grid line area; the back plate layer is arranged on the backlight surface of the packaging adhesive film layer; and the optical lens refracts incident light to the power generation areas of the battery pieces from the non-power generation areas, and the non-power generation areas comprise interval areas between the adjacent battery pieces, peripheral areas around the battery pieces and grid line areas. By arranging the optical lens, incident light is refracted to the power generation area of the battery piece from the non-power generation area, waste of the incident light is avoided, dependence on a reflection interface is reduced, the risk of power attenuation in the aging process of the module is reduced, the light can be more directly and effectively focused to the power generation area of the battery piece, and the power generation efficiency is improved. And the energy loss in the light propagation process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly to photovoltaic modules. Background Art

[0002] The photovoltaic industry has gradually become an important part of daily energy. In photovoltaic products, the conversion efficiency is an index that people focus on. Generally, the conversion efficiency refers to the efficiency of converting light energy into electrical energy per unit area of a photovoltaic product under specific lighting conditions.

[0003] The secondary utilization of light inside traditional photovoltaic products is mainly achieved through reflection. Specifically, the secondary utilization of light is mainly achieved through back material reflection between battery wafers and total reflection at the glass-air interface, and its optical path is as Figure 7 shown. The secondary utilization of light in the area of photovoltaic solder ribbons and silver grid lines is mainly achieved through reflection on the surfaces of the solder ribbons and grid lines, and the optical path is as Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown. The disadvantages of this method are as follows:

[0004] 1. The light utilization rate mainly depends on the reflectivity of the reflection interface. However, the reflectivity of the metal solder ribbon itself is relatively low, and the silver grid line is prone to yellowing after aging, resulting in a decrease in reflectivity, which is one of the reasons for the power attenuation during the aging process of the module.

[0005] 2. The optical path formed by the reflection method is relatively long, that is, the material path that the light needs to pass through from entering the module to reaching the battery surface is relatively long. Since the material itself will absorb a certain amount of light energy, the loss is relatively large. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module to solve the problems in the prior art, such as the relatively long optical path and large loss formed by light reflection, and the decrease in reflectivity caused by the aging of metal solder ribbons and silver grid lines, thus affecting the secondary utilization of light.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A photovoltaic module, comprising:

[0009] An encapsulation adhesive film layer, having a light-receiving surface and a backlight surface opposite to each other, the light-receiving surface facing the light source, and the backlight surface away from the light source;

[0010] A glass layer, disposed on the light-receiving surface of the encapsulation adhesive film layer;

[0011] A photovoltaic cell layer, encapsulated in the encapsulation adhesive film layer, including at least two spaced-apart battery wafers, and the battery wafer includes a power generation area and a grid line area;

[0012] Backplane layer, disposed on the backlight side of the encapsulation adhesive film layer;

[0013] Optical lens, configured to refract incident light from a non-power generation area to a power generation area of the cell, where the non-power generation area includes an interval area between adjacent cells, a peripheral area around each cell, and the grid line area.

[0014] In some embodiments, the optical lens is disposed on the glass layer and located on the surface of the glass layer, and the refractive index of the optical lens is greater than 1 and less than 1.55.

[0015] In some embodiments, the optical lens is disposed on the glass layer and located within the encapsulation adhesive film layer, and the refractive index of the optical lens is greater than 1.55 or less than 1.45.

[0016] In some embodiments, the optical lens is integrally formed with the glass layer;

[0017] Alternatively, the optical lens is adhesively connected to the glass layer, the thickness of the optical lens is 10μm - 500μm, and the light transmittance of the optical lens is greater than 85% / mm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the projection of the optical lens on the photovoltaic cell layer is located in the non-power generation area of the photovoltaic cell layer.

[0019] In some embodiments, the projection of at least one optical lens on the photovoltaic cell layer is located in the interval area;

[0020] And / or, the projection of at least one optical lens on the photovoltaic cell layer is located in the peripheral area;

[0021] And / or, the projection of at least one optical lens on the photovoltaic cell layer is located in the grid line area.

[0022] In some embodiments, the optical lens whose projection is located in the interval area is configured to refract the incident light in the corresponding interval area to the power generation area of the adjacent cell;

[0023] The optical lens whose projection is located in the peripheral area is configured to refract the incident light in the corresponding peripheral area to the power generation area of the adjacent cell;

[0024] The optical lens whose projection is located in the grid line area is configured to refract the incident light in the corresponding grid line area to the power generation area of the cell where the grid line area is located.

[0025] In some embodiments, the optical lens includes a prism structure, a concave lens structure, or a convex lens structure.

[0026] In some embodiments, the optical lens includes a first refraction portion and a second refraction portion which are symmetrically arranged. On the sides of the first refraction portion and the second refraction portion facing the light source, a plurality of triangular prism structures are respectively provided. The triangular prism structure has adjacent first and second faces, and an edge facing the light source is formed at the connection between the first face and the second face;

[0027] In the direction from the glass layer towards the light source, the distance between two first faces of the first refraction portion and the second refraction portion which are symmetrical gradually increases, and the second face is perpendicular to the glass layer.

[0028] In some embodiments, the optical lens includes a first refraction portion and a second refraction portion which are symmetrically arranged. On the sides of the first refraction portion and the second refraction portion facing the photovoltaic cell layer, a plurality of triangular prism structures are respectively provided. The triangular prism structure has adjacent first and second faces, and an edge facing the photovoltaic cell layer is formed at the connection between the first face and the second face;

[0029] In the direction from the glass layer towards the photovoltaic cell layer, the distance between two first faces of the first refraction portion and the second refraction portion which are symmetrical gradually decreases, and the second face is perpendicular to the glass layer.

[0030] Due to the application of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0031] By providing an optical lens to refract incident light from a non-power generation area to the power generation area of the cell, the waste of incident light is avoided. Compared with the possible energy loss when light is reflected on the surface of metal solder tapes or silver grid lines in traditional reflection methods, the optical lens can more efficiently concentrate light in the power generation area of the cell, thereby improving the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0032] At the same time, traditional reflection methods rely on the reflectivity of metal solder tapes and silver grid lines. However, the reflectivity of these materials will decrease due to aging during long-term use. By adopting an optical lens design, the dependence on the reflection interface can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of power attenuation during the aging process of the component.

[0033] In addition, in traditional photovoltaic modules, light often needs to pass through multiple reflection interfaces and the light propagation path is long, which will result in large energy losses. After using an optical lens, light can be more directly and effectively focused on the power generation area of the cell, reducing the energy absorption and loss during the light propagation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a photovoltaic module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a photovoltaic module in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic structure diagram of an optical lens in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic structure diagram of an optical lens in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic structure diagram of an optical lens in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic structure diagram of an optical lens in Embodiment 7 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is an optical path diagram of light reflected by the backplane layer and the glass layer in the prior art;

[0042] Figure 8 It is an optical path diagram of light reflected by a photovoltaic solder ribbon in the prior art;

[0043] Figure 9 It is an optical path diagram of light reflected by a photovoltaic silver grid line in the prior art.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0045] 1 - Encapsulant film layer; 2 - Glass layer; 3 - Solar cell; 4 - Backplane layer; 5 - Optical lens; 51 - First surface; 52 - Second surface; 10 - Incident light. Specific embodiments

[0046] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of this application, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0047] It should be noted that in the description, claims and the above drawings of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such used data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances for the embodiments of this application described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily limit to those clearly listed steps or units, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0048] In this application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe this application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit that the indicated device, element or component must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0049] Moreover, in addition to being used to represent orientation or positional relationship, some of the above terms may also be used to represent other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to represent a certain attachment relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] In addition, terms such as "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", "linked", "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or there is an internal connection between two devices, elements or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The following will describe this application in detail with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module including an encapsulant film layer 1, a glass layer 2, a photovoltaic cell layer, a backsheet layer 4, and an optical lens 5. The encapsulant film layer 1 has an incident light surface and a backlight surface opposite to each other, where the incident light surface faces the light source and the backlight surface is away from the light source. The glass layer 2 is disposed on the incident light surface of the encapsulant film layer 1. The photovoltaic cell layer is encapsulated within the encapsulant film layer 1 and includes at least two spaced-apart cell sheets 3. The cell sheet 3 includes a power generation region and a grid line region. The backsheet layer 4 is disposed on the backlight surface of the encapsulant film layer 1. The encapsulant film layer 1, the glass layer 2, the photovoltaic cell layer, and the backsheet layer 4 are all conventional structures of the photovoltaic module and will not be elaborated herein.

[0054] The optical lens 5 is configured to refract the incident light 10 from the non-power generation region to the power generation region of the cell sheet 3. The non-power generation region includes the spaced region between adjacent cell sheets 3, the peripheral region around each cell sheet 3, and the grid line region. In this embodiment, the projection of the optical lens 5 on the photovoltaic cell layer is located in the non-power generation region of the photovoltaic cell layer. When the incident light 10 is incident on the optical lens 5, the optical lens 5 refracts the incident light 10 to the power generation region of the cell sheet 3. Thus, the photovoltaic module can utilize the incident light 10 in the non-power generation region, improving the light utilization rate.

[0055] In some embodiments, the projection of at least one optical lens 5 on the photovoltaic cell layer is located in the spaced region. So that the photovoltaic module can utilize the incident light 10 in the spaced region between adjacent cell sheets 3. Preferably, an optical lens 5 is disposed in the spaced region between each pair of adjacent cell sheets 3. Specifically, the optical lens 5 whose projection is located in the spaced region is configured to refract the incident light 10 in the corresponding spaced region to the power generation region of the cell sheet 3 adjacent to itself.

[0056] In other embodiments, the projection of at least one optical lens 5 on the photovoltaic cell layer is located in the peripheral region. So that the photovoltaic module can utilize the incident light 10 in the peripheral region of the cell sheet 3. Preferably, an optical lens 5 is disposed in the peripheral region of each cell sheet 3. Specifically, the optical lens 5 whose projection is located in the peripheral region is configured to refract the incident light 10 in the corresponding peripheral region to the power generation region of the cell sheet 3 adjacent to itself.

[0057] In still other embodiments, the projection of at least one optical lens 5 on the photovoltaic cell layer is located in the grid line region. So that the photovoltaic module can utilize the incident light 10 in the grid line region of the cell sheet 3. Preferably, an optical lens 5 is disposed in each grid line region of each cell sheet 3. Specifically, the optical lens 5 whose projection is located in the grid line region is configured to refract the incident light 10 in the corresponding grid line region to the power generation region of the cell sheet 3 where the grid line region is located.

[0058] The arrangement schemes of the optical lens 5 in the above three implementation schemes can be used independently, or combined in pairs, or all three arrangement schemes can be used simultaneously. The present application does not make specific limitations on this. In addition, since the optical lens 5 adopts a transparent lens structure, it has almost no impact on the appearance of the photovoltaic module, and thus can be applied to single-sided photovoltaic modules, double-sided photovoltaic modules, transparent photovoltaic modules, etc., all of which can improve the light utilization rate and have a wide range of application scenarios.

[0059] It should be noted that the projection of the optical lens 5 on the photovoltaic cell layer can completely fall into the non-power generation area of the photovoltaic cell layer, or mostly be located in the non-power generation area, and the projection edge is located on the cell 3, as long as it can refract the incident light 10 from the non-power generation area to the power generation area of the cell 3. The present application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0060] In this embodiment, the optical lens 5 is disposed on the glass layer 2 and located on the surface of the glass layer 2. Specifically, the refractive index of the optical lens 5 is greater than 1 and less than 1.55.

[0061] In some implementation manners, the optical lens 5 and the glass layer 2 are integrally formed. Specifically, processes such as die rolling and laser grooving can be used for preparation. It is a conventional process.

[0062] In other implementation manners, the optical lens 5 and the glass layer 2 are adhesively connected. Specifically, the thickness of the optical lens 5 is 10 μm to 500 μm, and the light transmittance of the optical lens 5 is greater than 85% / mm.

[0063] In this embodiment, the optical lens 5 includes a prism structure. Specifically, the optical lens 5 includes a first refraction portion and a second refraction portion that are symmetrically arranged. The first refraction portion and the second refraction portion are respectively used to refract the incident light 10 onto the power generation area of the adjacent cell 3. A plurality of triangular prism structures are respectively disposed on the sides of the first refraction portion and the second refraction portion facing the light source. The triangular prism structure has adjacent first surfaces 51 and second surfaces 52, and the connection portion between the first surface 51 and the second surface 52 forms an edge facing the light source. In the direction from the glass layer 2 towards the light source, the distance between the two first surfaces 51 that are symmetric to each other in the first refraction portion and the second refraction portion gradually increases, and the second surface 52 is perpendicular to the glass layer 2.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] Please refer to Figure 2, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, which is different from the photovoltaic module in Embodiment 1 in that: the optical lens 5 is disposed on the glass layer 2 and is located within the encapsulant film layer 1. The refractive index of the optical lens 5 is greater than 1.55 or less than 1.45. That is, the optical lens 5 and the encapsulant film layer 1 are in the same layer. In this way, the incident light 10 passing through the glass layer 2 does not need to pass through the encapsulant film layer 1 and then enter the optical lens 5 for refraction, reducing light loss and further improving the light utilization rate.

[0066] In this embodiment, the optical lens 5 includes a prism structure. Specifically, the optical lens 5 includes a first refraction portion and a second refraction portion that are symmetrically arranged. A plurality of triangular prism structures are respectively disposed on the sides of the first refraction portion and the second refraction portion facing the photovoltaic cell layer. The triangular prism structure has adjacent first faces 51 and second faces 52, and an edge facing the photovoltaic cell layer is formed at the connection between the first face 51 and the second face 52. In the direction from the glass layer 2 towards the photovoltaic cell layer, the distance between two opposite first faces 51 of the first refraction portion and the second refraction portion gradually decreases, and the second face 52 is perpendicular to the glass layer 2.

[0067] Embodiment 3

[0068] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, which is different from the photovoltaic module in Embodiment 1 in that: the optical lens is disposed between the glass layer and the light source and is independent of the glass layer. Specifically, the optical lens can be fixed between the glass layer and the light source by a frame or a fixture.

[0069] Embodiment 4

[0070] Please refer to Figure 3 , this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, which is different from the photovoltaic module in Embodiment 1 in that: the optical lens includes a concave lens structure. Specifically, the concave lens structure is a plano-concave lens. The concave surface of the plano-concave lens faces the light source.

[0071] Embodiment 5

[0072] Please refer to Figure 4 , this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, which is different from the photovoltaic module in Embodiment 1 in that: the optical lens includes a concave lens structure. Specifically, the concave lens structure is a Fresnel concave lens. The concave surface of the Fresnel concave lens faces the light source.

[0073] Embodiment 6

[0074] Please refer to Figure 5 , this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, which is different from the photovoltaic module in Embodiment 2 in that: the optical lens includes a convex lens structure. Specifically, the convex lens structure is a plano-convex lens. The convex surface of the plano-convex lens faces the photovoltaic cell layer.

[0075] Embodiment 7

[0076] Please refer to Figure 6 , this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, which is different from the photovoltaic module in Embodiment 2 in that: the optical lens includes a convex lens structure. Specifically, the convex lens structure is a Fresnel convex lens. The convex surface of the Fresnel convex lens faces the photovoltaic cell layer.

[0077] Embodiment 8

[0078] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module. The optical lens of this photovoltaic module is disposed on the glass layer and on the surface of the glass layer, and includes a concave lens structure and a prism structure. The prism structure of this embodiment refers to the prism structure in Embodiment 1, and the concave lens structure of this embodiment refers to the concave lens structure in Embodiment 4 or Embodiment 5, which will not be elaborated here.

[0079] Embodiment 9

[0080] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module. The optical lens of this photovoltaic module is disposed on the glass layer and within the encapsulant film layer, and includes a convex lens structure and a prism structure. The prism structure of this embodiment refers to the prism structure in Embodiment 2, and the convex lens structure of this embodiment refers to the convex lens structure in Embodiment 6 or Embodiment 7, which will not be elaborated here.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, Comprising: An encapsulation film layer having an opposite light-receiving surface and a backlight surface, the light-receiving surface facing the light source and the backlight surface away from the light source; A glass layer disposed on the light-receiving surface of the encapsulation film layer; A photovoltaic cell layer encapsulated within the encapsulation film layer, including at least two spaced-apart cell sheets, the cell sheets including a power generation region and a grid line region; A backplane layer disposed on the backlight surface of the encapsulation film layer; An optical lens for refracting incident light from a non-power generation region to the power generation region of the cell sheet, the non-power generation region including an interval region between adjacent cell sheets, a peripheral region around each cell sheet, and the grid line region.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical lens is disposed on the glass layer and located on the surface of the glass layer, and the refractive index of the optical lens is greater than 1 and less than 1.

55.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein, The optical lens is disposed on the glass layer and located within the encapsulation film layer, and the refractive index of the optical lens is greater than 1.55 or less than 1.

45.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The optical lens is integrally formed with the glass layer; Alternatively, the optical lens is adhesively connected to the glass layer, the thickness of the optical lens is 10μm to 500μm, and the light transmittance of the optical lens is greater than 85% / mm.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, wherein The projection of the optical lens on the photovoltaic cell layer is located in the non-power generation region of the photovoltaic cell layer.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that The projection of at least one of the optical lenses on the photovoltaic cell layer is located in the interval region; And / or, the projection of at least one of the optical lenses on the photovoltaic cell layer is located in the peripheral region; And / or, the projection of at least one of the optical lenses on the photovoltaic cell layer is located in the grid line region.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The optical lens whose projection is located in the interval region is used to refract the incident light in the corresponding interval region to the power generation region of the adjacent cell sheet; The optical lens whose projection is located in the peripheral region is used to refract the incident light in the corresponding peripheral region to the power generation region of the adjacent cell sheet; The optical lens whose projection is located in the grid line region is used to refract the incident light in the corresponding grid line region to the power generation region of the cell sheet where the grid line region is located.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein, The optical lens includes a prism structure, a concave lens structure or a convex lens structure.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein, The optical lens includes symmetrically arranged first and second refracting portions, and a plurality of triangular prism structures are respectively disposed on the sides of the first and second refracting portions facing the light source. The triangular prism structure has adjacent first and second surfaces, and an edge facing the light source is formed at the connection of the first and second surfaces; In the direction from the glass layer towards the light source, the distance between the two first surfaces of the first and second refracting portions that are symmetric to each other gradually increases, and the second surface is perpendicular to the glass layer.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein, The optical lens includes symmetrically arranged first and second refracting portions, and a plurality of triangular prism structures are respectively disposed on the sides of the first and second refracting portions facing the photovoltaic cell layer. The triangular prism structure has adjacent first and second surfaces, and an edge facing the photovoltaic cell layer is formed at the connection of the first and second surfaces; In the direction from the glass layer towards the photovoltaic cell layer, the distance between two first surfaces of the first refraction part and the second refraction part which are symmetrical to each other gradually decreases, and the second surface is perpendicular to the glass layer.

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