Self-adaptive visbreaking desorption type composite disc harrow blade

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive visbreaking desorption type composite disc harrow blade, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The disc harrow blade comprises a disc harrow blade body, wherein a plurality of mounting grooves are uniformly formed in at least one disc surface of the disc harrow blade body at intervals in the circumferential direction; the plurality of groups of elastic supporting pieces correspond to the plurality of mounting grooves, and one end of each group of elastic supporting pieces is fixed at the bottom of the mounting groove close to one side of the center of the disc harrow blade body; the shape of the elastic piece is matched with that of the mounting groove, one end of the elastic piece is hinged to the inner side wall, away from the center of the disc harrow blade body, of the mounting groove, and the other end of the elastic piece is pressed at the other end of the corresponding elastic supporting piece. The elastic pieces can overcome the pre-tightening force of the elastic supporting pieces to slide inwards into the mounting grooves when subjected to soil extrusion force in the tillage burying stage, load is borne by the elastic pieces and the disc together, the elastic pieces can pop out by means of the restoring force of the springs in the unearthing stage, and attached soil can rapidly fall off by means of the low surfaces of the elastic pieces; therefore, continuous and efficient self-adaptive visbreaking and automatic desorption functions are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and more particularly to an adaptive viscosity-reducing and desorption-type composite disc harrow blade. Background Art

[0002] Traditional open disc harrows are composed of a series of disc harrow blades, which use the active rotation of the disc shape to achieve functions such as breaking soil, cutting roots, and turning over soil. They are widely used in deep loosening of farmland, straw treatment, and soil improvement operations. However, in heavy clay soil or saline-alkali land conditions, the soil is very easy to adhere to the surface of the harrow blades, causing the disc to be blocked and the operating resistance to increase, requiring frequent parking for cleaning, which seriously affects the operating efficiency.

[0003] Existing anti-adhesion / self-cleaning technologies and their limitations: (1) Surface coating: Spraying fluororesin, ceramics or wear-resistant polymers on the surface of the harrow blade can reduce soil adhesion to a certain extent. However, the coating is easily peeled off or worn due to the impact of soil and rocks, has a limited lifespan, and has high maintenance costs in the later stage. (2) Mechanical cleaning device: A scraper, brush or cleaning wheel is installed at the rear of the disc to remove attachments through relative motion. However, such additional devices have complex structures, are prone to jamming or damage, and have a significant impact on tillage load and rotation balance.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention designs an adaptive anti-adhesion and desorption composite disc harrow to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide an adaptive anti-sticking and desorption composite disc harrow to at least to some extent solve the problems in the prior art that the surface coating is easily peeled off or worn due to the impact of soil and rocks, has a limited lifespan, and has high subsequent maintenance costs; the mechanical cleaning device has a complex structure, is easily stuck or damaged, and has a significant impact on the tillage load and rotation balance.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An adaptive adhesive-reducing and desorption composite disc harrow blade, comprising:

[0008] A disc blade body, wherein at least one disc surface of the disc blade body is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves evenly spaced circumferentially;

[0009] A plurality of groups of elastic support members, the plurality of groups of elastic support members corresponding to the plurality of mounting grooves, one end of each group of elastic support members being fixed to the bottom of the mounting groove close to the center of the disc harrow blade body;

[0010] The spring sheet has a shape that matches the mounting groove, one end of which is hingedly connected to the inner side wall of the mounting groove away from the center of the disc blade body, and the other end is pressed onto the other end of the corresponding elastic support member.

[0011] Beneficial effects achievable by the present invention: When the elastic piece is subjected to the soil extrusion force during the tillage and soil entry stage, it can overcome the pre-tightening force of the elastic support member and slide inward into the installation groove to jointly bear the load with the disc. During the soil exit stage, it can pop out outward by means of the restoring force of the spring, and the attached soil body can be quickly detached by means of the low surface energy of the elastic piece, so as to achieve continuous, efficient adaptive anti-adhesion and automatic desorption functions.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the elastic piece is the same as the depth of the installation groove.

[0013] Preferably, a displacement sensor for monitoring the stroke of the elastic piece is installed at the bottom of the installation groove.

[0014] Preferably, the elastic piece includes a fixed part and a movable part. The fixed part is fixed at the bottom of the installation groove on the side far from the center of the disc harrow blade body. One end of the movable part is integrally bent and connected to the fixed part, and the other end can be inclined away from the bottom of the installation groove and pressed on a plurality of groups of the elastic support members.

[0015] Preferably, both the fixed part and the movable part are made of any one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyether ether ketone, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of micro-protrusions or a plurality of micro-grooves are arranged on the surface of the movable part.

[0017] Preferably, each group of the elastic support members includes a plurality of springs. The plurality of springs are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the disc harrow blade body, and one end is connected to the bottom of the installation groove on the side close to the center of the disc harrow blade body, and the other end is connected to the plate surface of the elastic piece close to the installation groove.

[0018] Preferably, a spring limit assembly is further provided. The spring limit assembly includes a first limit member and a second limit member. The first limit member is arranged on the bottom of the installation groove on the side close to the center of the disc harrow blade body; the second limit member corresponds to the first limit member and is arranged on the plate surface of the elastic piece close to the installation groove; both ends of the spring are respectively limit-connected to the first limit member and the second limit member.

[0019] Preferably, the first limit member and the second limit member are limit protrusions and / or limit grooves, and the end parts of both ends of the spring are correspondingly sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the limit protrusion and / or inserted into the limit groove.

[0020] Preferably, a telescopic protective sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the spring or an anti-corrosion coating is applied to its outer surface.

[0021] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses an adaptive adhesion-reducing and desorbing composite disc harrow blade, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. It has the ability of adaptive contraction and ejection: The present invention adopts a spring reset structure, so that the elastic piece can be automatically pressed into the installation groove and flush with the surface of the disc body when entering the soil, avoiding hindering the operation or causing wear and soil adhesion due to protrusion; after emerging from the soil, it automatically pops out under the action of spring force, effectively getting rid of the attached soil, and realizing an intelligent desorption mode of "hidden during work and prominent during cleaning".

[0023] 2. It improves the desorption efficiency and adhesion-reducing performance: The elastic piece is made of a low surface energy material, and its natural hydrophobicity and anti-adhesion property are utilized, combined with a dynamic ejection structure, which greatly improves the efficiency of soil falling off from the disc surface, and significantly reduces the blockage and load increase caused by soil adhesion.

[0024] 3. It avoids the problems of complex structure and short service life: Compared with the mechanical mud scraping structure or the surface coating desilting method, the structure of the present invention is simple, with fewer components, and the wear points are concentrated on the replaceable adhesion-reducing blocks, which is convenient for maintenance and has low maintenance costs, effectively avoiding problems such as easy peeling of the coating and easy jamming of mechanical mud scraping.

[0025] 4. It does not affect the strength and function of the disc harrow body: A tight transition fit is adopted between the elastic piece and the installation groove, and at the same time, the spring is firmly installed between the installation groove and the elastic piece through a spring limit component. The overall structure is stable and reliable, does not affect the basic functions of the disc harrow blade body such as breaking soil and tilling, and at the same time has good rotational balance and anti-impact performance.

[0026] 5. It is applicable to a variety of complex soil environments: The present invention is particularly applicable to high-adhesion environments such as heavy clay soil, saline-alkali land, and slippery cultivated land. Especially in continuous deep loosening and high-humidity operations, it shows significant desorption stability and operation persistence, reduces operation interruption and cleaning time, and improves the overall agricultural machinery operation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for description in the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of an adaptive adhesion-reducing and desorbing composite disc harrow blade provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2Schematic front view structure diagram of an adaptive viscosity-reducing and adhesion-detaching composite disc harrow blade provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of part A-A in

[0031] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 Schematic enlarged structure diagram of part B in

[0032] Figure 5 It is Figure 3 Schematic enlarged structure diagram of part C in

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic front view structure diagram of the elastic piece provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 Schematic top view structure diagram of the elastic piece provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic side view structure diagram of the elastic piece provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 Schematic front view structure diagram of the main body of the disc harrow blade provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 10 It is Figure 9 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of part D-D in

[0038] Figure 11 It is Figure 10 Schematic enlarged structure diagram of part E in

[0039] In the figure: 10 - disc harrow blade body, 11 - mounting groove, 20 - elastic support member, 30 - elastic piece, 31 - fixing portion, 32 - movable portion, 40 - first limiting member, 50 - second limiting member, 60 - countersunk head bolt. Specific embodiments

[0040] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1-11 , an embodiment of the present invention discloses an adaptive viscosity-reducing and desorption composite disc harrow blade, including a disc harrow blade body 10, multiple groups of elastic support members 20, and multiple elastic pieces 30; the disc harrow blade body 10 is a notched harrow blade, and at least one of its disc surfaces is circumferentially and evenly provided with 6 - 12 mounting grooves 11; if the disc harrow blade is a harrow blade with one concave side and one convex side, since the concave side is more likely to adhere to the soil, the mounting groove 11 is at least provided on its concave side. The size of the mounting groove 11 depends on the size of the disc harrow blade body 10. The disc harrow blade body 10 is made of 65Mn or other common metal materials for agricultural machinery, with a diameter range of 200 - 450 mm and a thickness range of 4 - 6 mm to balance the soil-breaking depth and structural strength; the shape of the mounting groove 11 can be a fan-shaped structure, and the width L1 of each mounting groove 11 along the circumferential direction of the disc harrow blade body 10 is 15 - 30 mm, and the depth is 2 - 4 mm.

[0044] Multiple groups of elastic support members 20 correspond to the multiple mounting grooves 11. Each group of elastic support members 20 has one end fixed at the bottom of the mounting groove 11 on the side close to the center of the disc harrow blade body 10; the elastic piece 30 has a shape adapted to the mounting groove 11, one end of which is hinged to the inner side wall of the mounting groove 11 far from the center of the disc harrow blade body 10, and the other end is pressed on the other end of the corresponding elastic support member 20. The elastic support member 20 is arranged on the inner ring side because the outer edge side of the harrow blade enters the soil first during the stage of the harrow blade entering the soil, so that the elastic piece 30 can be smoothly pressed into the mounting groove under the extrusion of the soil, thereby preventing the soil from entering the mounting groove 11 and affecting the pressing of the elastic piece into the mounting groove, resulting in damage to the elastic piece 30.

[0045] The thickness of the elastic sheet 30 is the same as the depth of the installation groove 11. The size of the elastic sheet 30 matches the installation groove 11 to achieve a transition fit connection. Its thickness D is 2-4 mm. When the elastic sheet 30 compresses the elastic support 20 and is embedded in the installation groove 11, its outer surface is almost flush with the surface of the disc harrow body 10, so that it can share the load with the disc harrow together, not easy to be damaged, and at the same time can reduce the resistance during tillage.

[0046] When the elastic support 20 extends in the free state, one end of the elastic sheet 30 close to the center of the disc harrow body 10 is 1-3 mm higher than the disc surface, which is beneficial to reducing the resistance during the soil entry stage and can also have enough elastic travel during the soil exit stage to make the surface attachments fall off.

[0047] A displacement sensor installation groove is provided at the bottom of the installation groove 11. A laser displacement sensor is installed in the displacement sensor installation groove to monitor the reset stroke of the elastic sheet 30 in real time, so as to monitor whether the elastic sheet 30 or the elastic support 20 can operate normally, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement.

[0048] Specifically, refer to Figures 6-8 , the elastic sheet 30 includes a fixed part 31 and a movable part 32. The fixed part 31 is fixed to the bottom of the installation groove 11 on the side far from the center of the disc harrow body 10 through a plurality of countersunk bolts 60. And an elastic washer is provided between the countersunk bolt 60 and the fixed part 31 or the tail end of the countersunk bolt 60 is connected with a nylon lock nut, which has the function of preventing loosening. One end of the movable part 32 is integrally bent and connected to the fixed part 31, and the other end can be inclined away from the bottom of the installation groove 11 and pressed on a plurality of groups of the elastic supports 20. The bent part can form a hinge form through deformation, so that the movable part 32 can rotate and fit in the installation groove 11. There is a transition fit between the movable part 32 and the inner side wall of the installation groove 11, so that the elastic sheet 30 can be embedded under the extrusion of the soil and ejected under the elastic force of the elastic support 20, preventing soil or other impurities from entering the installation groove 11 and affecting the rotation of the movable part 32.

[0049] More specifically, both the fixed part 31 and the movable part 32 are made of any one of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) or fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEPM) with low surface energy materials, and the surface energy ≤ 20 mJ / m 2 , wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and not easy to adhere to the soil. In a specific embodiment, the elastic sheets 30 in different installation grooves 11 can be made of the above different materials, so as to achieve zonal optimization for various soil types.

[0050] Specifically, a plurality of bionic anti-adhesion micro-protrusions or micro-grooves are provided on the surface of the active part 32. The bionic anti-adhesion micro-protrusions or micro-grooves are non-smooth structures on the body surfaces of organisms such as bionic earthworms, dung beetles, pangolins, etc., which further reduce the actual effective contact area with the soil, divide the soil, provide a peeling space, and improve the anti-adhesion and desorption effect.

[0051] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 , each group of elastic support members 20 includes a plurality of springs. The plurality of springs are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the disc harrow blade body 10 and one end is connected to the bottom of the installation groove 11 on the side close to the center of the disc harrow blade body 10, and the other end is connected to the plate surface of the elastic sheet 30 close to the installation groove 11. The spring is made of stainless steel or alloy steel helical compression spring, and the material meets the fatigue performance requirements during the working process; the free height is 5 - 15 mm, and the stiffness coefficient is 30 - 90 N / mm; 2 - 3 springs can be arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction in each installation groove 11 according to the area of the elastic sheet 30, and the interval L2 between adjacent springs is 15 - 20 mm, ensuring the uniform distribution of the restoring force of the elastic sheet 30 and ensuring the anti-adhesion effect.

[0052] During use, the stiffness coefficient of the spring, the size of the pit, and the material of the elastic sheet can be designed according to the soil viscosity, moisture content, and tillage depth to achieve the best performance.

[0053] Specifically, a spring limit component is further provided. The spring limit component includes a first limit member 40 and a second limit member 50. The first limit member 40 is arranged on the bottom of the installation groove 11 on the side close to the center of the disc harrow blade body 10; the second limit member 50 corresponds to the first limit member 40 and is arranged on the plate surface of the elastic sheet 30 close to the installation groove 11; both ends of the spring are respectively limited and connected to the first limit member 40 and the second limit member 50. The first limit member and the second limit member respectively limit both ends of the spring, realizing the detachable positioning connection of the spring, which is easy to install and repair and replace. At the same time, it effectively prevents the spring from shifting and causing poor support, affecting the soil desorption effect.

[0054] More specifically, refer to Figure 7 、 Figures 9-11 , the first limit member 40 and the second limit member 50 are limit protrusions and / or limit grooves, and the end parts of both ends of the spring are sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the limit protrusion and / or inserted into the limit groove. Usually, when the first limit member 40 is a limit protrusion, the second limit member 50 is a limit groove; when the first limit member 40 is a limit groove, the second limit member 50 is a limit protrusion, so that in the compressed state of the spring, the limit protrusion can be inserted into the limit groove, and the elastic sheet can fit as closely as possible to the bottom of the installation groove.

[0055] Specifically, a telescopic protective sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the spring or an anti-corrosion coating is applied to its outer surface to prevent soil particles from embedding inside the spring and affecting the spring expansion and contraction and corroding the spring, improving the durability of the spring.

[0056] Working principle:

[0057] When the disc harrow blade body 10 rotates and cuts into the soil, the soil mass generates a reverse extrusion force on the elastic piece 30 pressed into the soil. The spring compresses, and the elastic piece 30 shrinks and embeds into the inside of the installation groove 11, forming a flat contact surface with the outer surface of the disc to avoid stress concentration. After emerging from the soil, the spring resets, pushing the elastic piece 30 to quickly bounce up, and relying on its low surface energy characteristics to quickly desorb the attached wet and sticky soil, thereby significantly reducing the phenomenon of disc clay.

[0058] In this specification, the various embodiments are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts between the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, reference can be made to the description in the method part.

[0059] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An adaptive viscosity-reducing and adhesion-detaching composite disc harrow blade, characterized in that a disc harrow blade body (10), on at least one surface of the disc harrow blade body (10), a plurality of mounting grooves (11) are circumferentially and evenly spaced; multiple groups of elastic support members (20), the multiple groups of elastic support members (20) correspond to the multiple mounting grooves (11), and each group of elastic support members (20) has one end fixed at the bottom of the mounting groove (11) on the side close to the center of the disc harrow blade body (10); a spring piece (30), the spring piece (30) is placed in the mounting groove (11) and its shape is adapted to the mounting groove (11), one end of it is hinged to the inner side wall of the mounting groove (11) far from the center of the disc harrow blade body (10), and the other end is pressed on the other end of the corresponding elastic support member (20).

2. The self-adaptive viscosity-reducing and desorption composite disc harrow blade according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the spring piece (30) is the same as the depth of the mounting groove (11).

3. An adaptive viscosity-reducing and adhesion-detaching composite disc harrow blade according to claim 1, wherein A displacement sensor for monitoring the stroke of the spring piece (30) is installed at the bottom of the mounting groove (11).

4. An adaptive viscosity-reducing and desorption composite disc harrow blade according to claim 1, characterized in that The spring piece (30) includes a fixed part (31) and a movable part (32), the fixed part (31) is fixed at the bottom of the mounting groove (11) on the side far from the center of the disc harrow blade body (10), one end of the movable part (32) is integrally bent and connected to the fixed part (31), and the other end can be inclined in the direction away from the bottom of the mounting groove (11) and is pressed on the multiple groups of elastic support members (20).

5. An adaptive viscosity-reducing and adhesion-detaching composite disc harrow blade according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the fixed part (31) and the movable part (32) are made of any one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyether ether ketone, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer.

6. The self-adaptive viscosity-reducing and desorption composite disc harrow blade according to claim 5, wherein, A plurality of micro-protrusions or a plurality of micro-grooves are arranged on the surface of the movable part (32).

7. An adaptive viscosity-reducing and adhesion-detaching composite disc harrow blade according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Each group of elastic support members (20) includes a plurality of springs, the plurality of springs are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the disc harrow blade body (10) and one end is connected to the bottom of the mounting groove (11) on the side close to the center of the disc harrow blade body (10), and the other end is connected to the plate surface of the spring piece (30) close to the mounting groove (11).

8. An adaptive viscosity-reducing and adhesion-detaching composite disc harrow blade according to claim 7, characterized in that, A spring limit assembly is further provided, the spring limit assembly includes a first limit member (40) and a second limit member (50), the first limit member (40) is arranged on the bottom of the mounting groove (11) on the side close to the center of the disc harrow blade body (10); the second limit member (50) corresponds to the first limit member (40) and is arranged on the plate surface of the spring piece (30) close to the mounting groove (11); the two ends of the spring are respectively limit-connected to the first limit member (40) and the second limit member (50).

9. An adaptive viscosity-reducing and desorption composite disc harrow blade according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first limit member (40) and the second limit member (50) are limit protrusions and / or limit grooves, and the end parts of the two ends of the spring are correspondingly sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the limit protrusion and / or inserted into the limit groove.

10. An adaptive viscosity-reducing and adhesion-detaching composite disc harrow blade according to claim 7, characterized in that, A telescopic protective sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the spring or an anti-corrosion coating is coated on its outer surface.

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