Fertilizing method for improving quality of taste type tomatoes

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, in particular to a fertilizing method for improving the quality of taste type tomatoes. According to the method, the environment-friendly enzyme is prepared, meanwhile, the environment-friendly enzyme, American potassium and zinc, boron, potassium and calcium are applied to the taste type tomatoes according to the fertilization method for cultivation, the yield of the taste type tomatoes cultivated through the method can be increased by 20%, meanwhile, diseases and insect pests can be avoided through the fertilization method, and the produced tomatoes are greener and safer; and the economic value is higher. Therefore, the technical scheme provided by the invention obviously improves the economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits of the production of the taste type tomatoes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a fertilization method for improving the quality of taste-type tomatoes. Background Art

[0002] Taste-type tomatoes, also known as strawberry tomatoes, iron-skin persimmons, fruit tomatoes, etc. Generally, they refer to tomato varieties that have the characteristics of fresh fruits, good taste and flavor, rich nutrition, and high commercial value. In the production of taste-type tomatoes, on the premise of selecting excellent varieties, special cultivation and management measures are also required to meet the standards of fresh fruits.

[0003] Compared with the current hard fruit tomatoes on the market with thick pulp, poor taste, high disease resistance and high yield, and long storage period, the main characteristics of taste-type tomatoes are that the fruit size is moderate, the flavor is strong, the taste is sweet and sour, and it is suitable for fresh consumption. The production cost of taste-type tomatoes is relatively high. First, the seed price is expensive. Second, the yield is relatively low. Third, the cultivation technology requirements are relatively high. Therefore, fresh tomatoes are suitable for production in the suburbs of cities and ecological parks, and are mainly sold through supermarkets and e-commerce platforms at fixed points. Generally, the selling price is relatively high.

[0004] The production of taste-type tomatoes fills the gap of seasonal fruits in winter and spring in the north, especially the preferred choice for fresh fruits and vegetables for some people with high blood sugar. Developing taste-type tomatoes has high economic value and social benefits. To evaluate the quality of tomatoes, it is mainly viewed from four aspects: fruit appearance, cross-section, taste, and sugar content.

[0005] Existing taste-type tomatoes have the disadvantages of inconsistent planting varieties, uncontrollable flavor, inappropriate evaluation indicators, and unstable benefits. The quality performance of taste-type tomatoes is uneven. Most of them focus on the appearance performance (green fruit shoulders, green bottoms), and pay less attention to the internal taste and flavor. The tomato flavor is lost, especially the sweet flavor. The cultivation ways to achieve the sweet flavor of tomatoes are not clear. It is generally believed that the higher the sugar content of tomato fruits, the better the quality, but this is not the case. The quality indicators of tomatoes are comprehensive. Tomatoes with high sugar content may not necessarily taste sweet, and the decisive indicator is the sugar-acid ratio of the fruit. The larger the ratio, the sweeter the taste. The sugar content of ordinary tomatoes is about 3%, and the sugar content of taste tomatoes above 6% is sufficient, with both strong sweet and fragrant sweet being excellent. For example, the sugar content of hawthorn fruits can reach more than 20%, but the taste is sour. If the sugar content reaches more than 11% like watermelon, eating too much will cause the blood sugar of people to rise, which is also not good for physical health. In the conventional production of taste-type tomatoes, growers only pay attention to increasing sweetness, neglect fruit swelling, pay even less attention to the fertilization order, or choose fertilizers with poor quality, which often results in small fruits and low yields. In addition, the traditional taste-type tomato technology is not standardized, and the quality of the products grown by farmers cannot be guaranteed, resulting in unstable market prices and unstable planting benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fertilization method for improving the quality of taste-type tomatoes in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. By preparing environmental protection enzymes and cultivating taste-type tomatoes with environmental protection enzymes, American potassium fertilizer, and zinc-boron-potassium-calcium according to the fertilization method, the yield of taste-type tomatoes cultivated by this method can be increased by 20%.

[0007] The present invention provides a fertilization method for improving the quality of taste-type tomatoes, including the following steps: S1. Plant taste-type tomatoes in the test field. After fruit setting, fertilize according to the fertilizer application method: In the solar greenhouse, flush with American potassium fertilizer with water for "fruit swelling", then flush with glucose for "sweetening", and at the same time flush with environmental protection enzymes and zinc-boron-potassium-calcium for "aroma enhancement"; S2. Continuously apply the fertilizer application method in S1 twice to achieve the effect of "sweetening and aroma enhancement".

[0008] According to the fertilization method for improving the quality of taste-type tomatoes provided by the present invention, the dosage of the American potassium fertilizer in S1 is 5 kg, the dosage of glucose is 20 kg, the dosage of environmental protection enzymes is 25 kg, and the dosage of zinc-boron-potassium-calcium is 1 kg.

[0009] According to the fertilization method for improving the quality of taste-type tomatoes provided by the present invention, after flushing with the American potassium fertilizer in S1, wait for 5 days and then flush with glucose, environmental protection enzymes, and zinc-boron-potassium-calcium.

[0010] According to the fertilization method for improving the quality of taste-type tomatoes provided by the present invention, the interval time between the two fertilizer application methods in S2 is 7 - 10 days.

[0011] The present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: In the present invention, by preparing environmental protection enzymes and cultivating taste-type tomatoes with environmental protection enzymes, American potassium fertilizer, and zinc-boron-potassium-calcium according to the fertilization method, the yield of taste-type tomatoes cultivated by this method can be increased by 20%. At the same time, using this fertilization method can avoid the occurrence of pests and diseases, and the tomatoes produced are greener, safer, and have higher economic value. Therefore, the technical solution provided by the present invention significantly improves the economic, social, and ecological benefits of taste-type tomato production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0013] Figure 1It is the comparison chart of the disease resistance effect of Jingcai No. 8 in Example 3. Detailed implementation mode

[0014] Example 1 This example provides a fertilization method for improving the quality of taste-type tomatoes.

[0015] The basic situation of the experimental field in this example: The experiment was carried out in the solar greenhouse of the vegetable teaching and training base of Liaoning Vocational College (Tieling, Liaoning) from February to July. The soil fertility was uniform. The previous crop was spring tomatoes, and it was idle in autumn and winter. The soil of the experimental field was brown soil, with uniform texture, medium fertility, and convenient drainage and irrigation; The detection status of the soil fertility in the experimental field: organic matter 15.69 g / kg, available nitrogen 81.6 g / kg, available phosphorus 7.2 g / kg, available potassium 80.3 g / kg, and soil pH value 6.8; The variety selection of taste-type tomatoes in this example: Strawberry No. 1: An indeterminate growth type taste-type tomato variety developed by Sakata Seedling Co., Ltd. of Japan. The fruit is dark pink, with a single fruit weight of 100-150 g. The fruit is oblate, with a yellow-green fruit shoulder and strong comprehensive disease resistance; Jinhe 81: An indeterminate growth type taste-type tomato developed by Tianjin Derui Seed Industry Co., Ltd. The fruit is dark pink, with a single fruit weight of 100-150 g. The fruit is high-round, with a green fruit shoulder and is susceptible to early blight; S1. Preparation of experimental fertilizers: ① Preparation of environmental protection enzyme: Take any kind of defective fruits and cut them into pieces. Add brown sugar and water to the defective fruits according to a mass ratio of 3:1:10. Place them in a sealed container and ferment in the shade at a temperature of 10-30 °C. Open the sealed container once a day for clockwise stirring within 30 days, and then continue to ferment for 60 days to obtain environmental protection enzyme. The environmental protection enzyme is sealed and stored, and the shelf life is 1-3 years; ② Zinc boron potassium calcium: Purchased from Changfeng Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. in Linyi, Shanxi, 500 g per pack. The amino acid content in zinc boron potassium calcium is ≥50 g / L, and the total content of Mn, Zn, and Ca is ≥100 g / L; ③ American potassium treasure: Purchased from American Alpha Agrochemicals (Qingdao) Co., Ltd. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in American potassium treasure is 10:6:20; S2. Implementation of the experiment: This experiment was set up with 4 treatment groups, and each treatment group was planted in a partitioned area. The area of each area was 11.2 m 2 , and 40 tomato plants were planted in each area, arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates; Treatment group 1: Plant "Strawberry No. 1" taste-type tomatoes in the area of treatment group 1. During the fruiting period of "Strawberry No. 1" tomatoes, apply 80 g of American potassium fertilizer every 10 days, dilute it with 5 kg of water and pour it into the roots. At the same time, mix 300 g of glucose, 500 g of environmental protection enzyme and 25 g of zinc boron potassium calcium, dilute with 5 kg of water and then pour it into the roots. After 8 days, apply the same amount of environmental protection enzyme and zinc boron potassium calcium again; Control group CK1: Plant "Strawberry No. 1" taste-type tomatoes in the area of control group CK1. Top-dress according to the conventional method. After fruit setting, apply 80 g of American potassium fertilizer, 300 g of glucose each time, dilute with 5 kg of water and pour it into the roots, and fertilize once every 10 days; Treatment group 2: Cultivate and plant "Jinhe 81" taste-type tomatoes in the area of treatment group 2. During the fruiting period of "Jinhe 81" taste-type tomatoes, apply 80 g of American potassium fertilizer every 10 days, dilute it with 5 kg of water and pour it into the roots. At the same time, mix 300 g of glucose, 500 g of environmental protection enzyme and 25 g of zinc boron potassium calcium, dilute with 5 kg of water and then pour it into the roots. After 8 days, apply the same amount of fertilizer again; Control group CK2: Plant "Jinhe 81" taste-type tomatoes in the area of control group CK2. Top-dress according to the conventional method, and the fertilization amount and time are the same as CK1.

[0016] The effects of the fertilization method provided in this example are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below: Table 1 Application effects of "Strawberry No. 1" taste-type tomatoes Sugar content Taste <![CDATA[Per 667 m converted 2 Yield (kg)]]> Yield increase (%) Treatment group 1 7% Sweet, or fresh and sweet, significantly sweet 3000 Approximately 25% Control group CK1 6% No fragrance 2400 / Table 2 Application effects of "Jinhe 81" taste-type tomatoes Sugar content Taste <![CDATA[Per 667 m converted 2 Yield (kg)]]> Yield increase (%) Treatment group 2 9% Rich aroma, suitable sweet and sour taste 2700 Approximately 17.4% Control group CK2 8% No fragrance 2300 / Treatment group 1 (fruit swelling + sweetness increase + fragrance increase): The sugar content of the mature fruits of "Strawberry No. 1" tomatoes in cultivation can reach more than 7%. The taste is either sweet, or fragrant and sweet, and is significantly sweet. Calculated per 667 m 2 The yield of spring crop tomatoes in solar greenhouse is more than 3000 kg, which is about 25% higher than that of the control group CK1 (conventional top-dressing).

[0017] Treatment group 2 (fruit swelling + sweetness increase + fragrance increase): The sugar content of the mature fruits of "Jinhe 81" tomatoes in cultivation can reach 9%. The taste is strong fragrance, sweet and sour to taste. Calculated per 667 m 2 The yield of spring crop tomatoes in solar greenhouse is more than 2700 kg, which is about 17.4% higher than that of the control group CK2 (conventional top-dressing).

[0018] Example 2 This example provides a fertilization method for improving the quality of taste-type tomatoes.

[0019] Plant taste-type tomatoes in the experimental field. After fruit setting, per 667 m 2Apply 5 kg of American potassium fertilizer with water once in the solar greenhouse for "fruit swelling". After 5 days, apply 20 kg of glucose for "sweetening" and 25 kg of environmental protection enzyme and 1 kg of zinc boron potassium calcium for "aroma enhancement". The above fertilizers are applied once every 7 - 10 days. After continuous application for 2 times, the sugar content of tomato fruits can be increased by about 1%, the pulp is evenly pink, and the taste is sweet.

[0020] The taste-type tomatoes cultivated in this example have the following advantages: ① Increase the yield of taste-type tomatoes In the "fruit swelling + sweetening" fertilization plan, every 10 days after fruit setting, per 667m 2 For taste-type tomatoes in the solar greenhouse, first apply 5 kg of American potassium fertilizer for "fruit swelling", and then apply 20 kg of seaweed chitin biological fertilizer or 20 kg of glucose for "sweetening" 5 days later. This method promotes fruit swelling and sweetening, increases the single fruit weight, and thus increases the yield. Per 667m 2 The yield of taste-type tomatoes in the solar greenhouse is more than 3000 kg, with an average increase in production of about 20% compared to conventional fertilization.

[0021] ② Elicit the fragrance of tomato fruits On the basis of selecting excellent varieties with sweet potential, disease resistance and high yield such as "Strawberry No. 1" and "Jinhe 81", applying high-quality farmyard manure, controlling irrigation, controlling temperature, strengthening ventilation and other comprehensive measures, adopting the "fruit swelling + sweetening + aroma enhancement" fertilization plan provided in this example can elicit the sweet potential of excellent tomato varieties. The cultivated taste-type tomatoes are sweet and palatable. Per 667m 2 The output value of spring crop taste-type tomatoes in the solar greenhouse is as high as more than 60,000 yuan.

[0022] ③ Improve the disease resistance of plants and reduce the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers Making environmental protection enzyme belongs to the reuse of organic waste, and the method is simple. In the "aroma enhancement" fertilization plan, per 667m 2 The cost input for aroma enhancement of taste-type tomatoes in the solar greenhouse is about 150 yuan, which can not only sweeten and enhance the aroma, but also save a large amount of other sweetening commercial fertilizers.

[0023] After applying environmental protection enzyme and zinc boron potassium calcium, the tomato leaves are dark green, the disease resistance is enhanced, and it has a good preventive effect on early blight, powdery mildew, blossom-end rot of tomatoes, etc. Even pesticides are not used during the entire growth period, and there are no serious pests and diseases. The produced tomatoes are greener and safer.

[0024] Therefore, this plan will significantly improve the economic, social and ecological benefits of taste-type tomato production.

[0025] Example 3 In this example, 48m 2 Conduct an experiment on improving the fruit quality of taste-type tomatoes with "sweetening + aroma enhancement".

[0026] From November of the current year to January of the following year, plant Jingcai No. 8 taste-type tomatoes in a 48m 2 planting area. During the fruiting period, apply 80 g of American potassium fertilizer and dilute it with 5 kg of water for root irrigation every 10 days. At the same time, mix 300 g of glucose, 500 g of environmental protection enzyme, and 25 g of zinc, boron, potassium, and calcium, dilute it with 5 kg of water, and then perform root irrigation. After 8 days, apply the same amount of environmental protection enzyme and zinc, boron, potassium, and calcium again for topdressing.

[0027] As Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 on the left in the figure are the plants without applying environmental protection enzyme and zinc, boron, potassium, and calcium, and on the right are the plants cultivated in this embodiment.

[0028] After using the fertilization method provided in this embodiment, the leaves of the taste-type tomato plants are dark green, the disease resistance is enhanced, the photosynthetic efficiency is improved, the single fruit weight increases by about 20%, the sugar content of the fruit increases by about 1%, the fruit on the right side of the figure becomes sweet and delicious, and the fruit on the left side remains sour and unpalatable.

[0029] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not impose any limitations on the present invention. Any simple modifications, changes, and equivalent variations made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilization method for improving the quality of taste-type tomatoes, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Plant taste-type tomatoes in the experimental field. After fruit setting, apply fertilizers according to the fertilizer application method: In the solar greenhouse, flush and apply American potassium fertilizer for "fruit swelling", then flush and apply glucose for "sweetening", and at the same time flush and apply environmental protection enzyme and zinc boron potassium calcium for "fragrance enhancement". S2. Continuously apply the fertilizer application method described in S1 twice to achieve the effects of "sweetening and fragrance enhancement".

2. The fertilization method for improving the quality of taste-type tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the dosage of the American potassium fertilizer is 5 kg, the dosage of glucose is 20 kg, the dosage of the environmental protection enzyme is 25 kg, and the dosage of zinc boron potassium calcium is 1 kg.

3. The fertilization method for improving the quality of taste-type tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, After flushing and applying the American potassium fertilizer in S1, wait for 5 days and then flush and apply glucose, environmental protection enzyme and zinc boron potassium calcium.

4. The fertilization method for improving the quality of taste-type tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the interval time between the two fertilizer application methods is 7 - 10 days.

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