Indexable tool with multiple tool noses and indexable slot milling tool

Abstract

The invention provides an indexable cutter with a plurality of cutter tips and an indexable groove milling cutter, the cutter comprises a cutter bar and a blade mounted on the cutter bar, the blade comprises a body and a cutter tip, and a cutting edge is arranged on the cutter tip; the body is connected with the cutter bar in a matched mode, at least two cutter points are evenly distributed on the body, a first groove is formed in the upper surface of the body, a second groove is formed in the end face of the cutter bar, the first groove and the second groove are folded to form a cavity structure with holes, the holes are liquid outlet holes, and the number of the holes is equal to that of the cutter points. Each liquid outlet hole is aligned with a cutting edge of one tool nose; a flow channel is formed in the cutter bar, and the cavity structure is communicated with the flow channel; cooling liquid is sprayed out of the liquid outlet holes from the flow channel through the cavity structure so as to cool the cutting edge of each tool nose. The protrusions on the blade are used for transmitting torque, the protrusions are polygonal, the inner hole matched with the protrusions is also polygonal, and compared with the prior art, the contact area is large, and larger torque can be transmitted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining tools, and more specifically, to an indexable tool with multiple cutting tips and an indexable slot milling tool. Background Art

[0002] During the machining process, cooling is a crucial technological process. During high-speed cutting, a large amount of heat will be generated due to the friction between the tool and the workpiece (the local temperature can reach over 600 °C), which may cause the hardness of the tool to decrease, the wear to intensify, and even the tool to fail. High temperature will cause the metal workpiece to expand or the microstructure to change (such as the quenching effect), affecting the machining accuracy and dimensional stability, which is particularly important for precision parts. The coolant can effectively reduce the temperature in the cutting area and reduce the diffusion wear, oxidation wear, and adhesive wear of the tool. In the prior art, the coolant is usually sprayed on the tool through an external pipe, and there are also cases where a fluid channel is provided in the tool to make the coolant spray out from the liquid outlet hole of the tool shank to cool the machining point of the tool.

[0003] The utility model patent with the application number 201720554619.6 and the name of a tool shank with a cooling function includes a tool shank body. A blade mounting hole is provided at the front end of the tool shank body, and a through hole penetrating the entire length is opened along the central axis of the blade mounting hole in the tool shank body. An inclined hole communicating with the through hole is also opened on the tool shank body, and the outlet end of the inclined hole is aligned with the cutting part of the blade. In this scheme, the coolant sprays out through the through hole and the inclined hole. With such a structure, the coolant sprays obliquely downward from the liquid outlet hole, and the orientation of the coolant is unreasonable, so the coolant cannot accurately fall on the blade, and thus the cooling effect on the blade is not good. Especially when the blade has multiple cutting edges, the coolant coming out of the inclined hole of the tool shank cannot be aligned with the blade, let alone each cutting edge.

[0004] The utility model patent with the application number 202322741077.1 and the patent name of an indexable tool shank and tool, the coolant flows from the first main channel to the branch channel and sprays onto the blade from the liquid outlet hole. The branch channel is installed in the clamping part of the tool shank and is aligned with the blade. In this cooling method, when the blade has multiple cutting edges, the coolant sprayed from the branch channel cannot be aligned with each cutting edge.

[0005] The invention patent with the application number 202010635830.7 and the patent name of a slot milling cutter includes a tool shank and a cutter head. One end of the cutter head close to the tool shank is coaxially provided with a receiving groove, and at least two blades are evenly distributed circumferentially on the cutter head. In this solution, a flow channel is arranged in the tool shank, and the coolant enters the drainage holes on the blades through the flow channel in the tool shank and the receiving groove. The drainage holes are opened on the chip flutes of the blades, and the number of drainage holes is set corresponding to the number of blades. Those skilled in the art know that this kind of slot milling cutter belongs to large-sized grooving tools with a diameter of more than 100 mm. If it is a small-sized tool, the blade is smaller. For example, for a small-sized slot milling cutter with a diameter generally of 10 - 20 mm, arranging a flow channel in the chip flute of the blade will affect the structural performance of the blade and is not achievable.

[0006] On the other hand, in the prior art, the structure in which the tool bar and the blade transmit torque through the cooperation of three convex points and three grooves has a small torque transmission contact surface and a weak torque transmission structure. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an indexable tool and an indexable slot milling cutter with multiple tool tips that can align the coolant with each cutting edge of the blade and have good torque transmission effect, aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art that for tools with multiple cutting edges, the coolant cannot be aligned with each cutting edge, resulting in poor cooling effect, and the torque transmission structure is weak.

[0008] An indexable tool with multiple tool tips, the tool includes a tool bar and a blade installed on the tool bar. The blade includes a body and a tool tip, and the tool tip has a cutting edge; the body is cooperatively connected with the tool bar, and at least two tool tips are evenly distributed on the body. A groove one is opened on the upper surface of the body, and a groove two is opened on the end face of the tool bar. After the body and the tool bar are cooperatively installed, the groove one and the groove two are closed to form a cavity structure with holes. The holes are liquid outlet holes, and the number of holes is equal to the number of tool tips. Each liquid outlet hole is aligned with the cutting edge of a tool tip; a flow channel is opened in the tool bar, and the cavity structure is communicated with the flow channel; the coolant sprays out from the liquid outlet holes through the cavity structure to cool each cutting edge of the tool tip.

[0009] The indexable tool with multiple tool tips can be a milling cutter, a boring cutter, a drilling tool, etc. When the present invention is applied to a milling cutter, it can be a small-sized milling cutter or a large-sized milling cutter.

[0010] In the prior art, an inclined downward liquid outlet hole is opened on the tool bar, or a conduit is led out at the installation position to spray liquid on the blade, and the cooling effect is not good. In the present invention, the liquid outlet holes are opened at the cooperation position of the tool bar and the blade, one cutting edge corresponds to one liquid outlet hole, and the coolant sprays out from the liquid outlet holes of the cavity structure. The liquid outlet holes perform high-efficiency spraying at an almost horizontal angle, and thus can achieve a more efficient and more accurate cooling effect.

[0011] Furthermore, the number of the first grooves and the number of the second grooves are both equal to the number of the tool tips, that is, the number of the cavity structures is equal to the number of the tool tips. One liquid outlet hole is formed in each cavity structure, and each liquid outlet hole is aligned with the cutting edge of one tool tip.

[0012] Furthermore, the cavity structures communicate with each other in pairs.

[0013] Furthermore, a protrusion is arranged on the blade body, and an inner hole matching with the protrusion is formed in the end face of the tool shank; the first groove is formed in the protrusion, and the second groove is formed in the bottom surface of the inner hole; the cooperation between the protrusion and the inner hole makes the first groove and the second groove close. In the structure of the original blade, the addition of the protrusion on the blade body will not affect the structural performance of the blade. The protrusion cooperates with the inner hole of the tool shank.

[0014] Furthermore, the liquid outlet hole is located on the outer circumferential surface of the tool shank, and the liquid outlet hole is integrally communicated with the second groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner hole is also a polygonal inner hole adapted to the polygonal protrusion, and the polygonal inner hole and the polygonal protrusion cooperate to transmit torque.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer circumferential surface of the polygonal protrusion is an inclined surface inclined towards the center of the blade.

[0017] Furthermore, flat surfaces are arranged at the edges of the first groove and the second groove so that the first groove and the second groove are closely attached.

[0018] Furthermore, the number of the flow channels in the tool shank is equal to the number of the tool tips, and each flow channel is communicated with one cavity structure.

[0019] The present invention also provides a indexable slot milling cutter. The indexable slot milling cutter is the indexable cutter with multiple tool tips as described above. An installation hole is arranged at the center of the blade, and the first grooves are arranged in a radiation manner with the central axis of the installation hole as the axis.

[0020] Furthermore, the height of the boss is 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention provides a groove 1 on the blade and a groove 2 on the end face of the tool shank. The groove 1 and the groove 2 are combined to form a cavity structure with holes. The holes are liquid outlet holes, and the number of the holes is equal to the number of the tool tips. Each of the liquid outlet holes is aligned with the cutting edge of a tool tip. A flow channel is formed in the tool shank, and the cavity structure is communicated with the flow channel. The coolant is ejected from the flow channel through the cavity structure from the liquid outlet holes. The liquid outlet holes are located on the tool shank corresponding to the groove 2. With such a structure, the liquid outlet holes are ejected from the outer circumferential surface of the tool shank and are close to the blade. The coolant is ejected in a nearly horizontal angle of radiation and can be accurately sprayed onto each cutting edge. Further, a protrusion on the blade is used to transmit torque. The protrusion is polygonal, and the inner hole matching the protrusion is also polygonal. Compared with the prior art, the contact area is large, and a larger torque can be transmitted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the blade;

[0025] Figure 2 is a bottom view of the tool shank;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the tool and the coolant spraying;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the tool shank and the coolant spraying;

[0028] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the blade;

[0029] Figure 6 is a top view of the tool shank.

[0030] The labels are: 1 - tool shank, 11 - groove 2, 12 - liquid outlet hole, 13 - inner hole, 13a - inclined surface, 13b - inclined surface, 2 - blade, 21 - body, 22 - tool tip, 22a - cutting edge, 3 - protrusion, 31 - groove 1, 32 - side surface of the protrusion, 33 - other mating surfaces, 4 - flow channel, 5 - sprayed coolant, 6 - mounting hole, 7 - plane, 8 - flow channel between adjacent grooves 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] The following embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the claims.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] A indexable tool with multiple cutting tips. In this embodiment, the indexable tool with multiple cutting tips is an indexable slot milling tool. The tool includes a tool shank 1 and a cutting insert 2 mounted on the tool shank 1. The cutting insert 2 includes a body 21 and a cutting tip, and a cutting edge 22a is provided on the cutting tip. The body 21 is cooperatively connected with the tool shank 1, as Figure 1 shown, five cutting tips 22 are evenly distributed on the body 21 of this embodiment. A first groove 31 is formed on the upper surface of the body 21, and a second groove 11 is formed on the end face of the tool shank 1. After the body 21 and the tool shank 1 are cooperatively installed, the first groove 31 and the second groove 11 are closed to form a cavity structure with a hole, and the hole is a liquid outlet hole 12. The number of the first groove 31 and the second groove 11 is equal to the number of the cutting tips 22, that is, the number of the cavity structures is equal to the number of the cutting tips 22. An installation hole 6 is provided at the center of the cutting insert 2, and the first groove 31 is radially arranged with the central axis of the installation hole 6 as the axis; the second groove 11 is radially arranged with the central axis of the tool shank 1 as the axis. In this embodiment, the number of the cutting tips 22 is five, and the numbers of the first groove 31 and the second groove 11 are also five respectively, and the number of the cavity structures is also five. A liquid outlet hole 12 is formed on each cavity structure, and each liquid outlet hole 12 is aligned with the cutting edge 22a of a cutting tip, and the liquid outlet hole 12 penetrates through the tool shank 1. A flow channel 4 is formed in the tool shank 1, the cavity structure is communicated with the flow channel 4, and the cavity structures are communicated with each other. The coolant is sprayed out from the liquid outlet hole 12 through the cavity structure from the flow channel 4 to cool the cutting edge 22a of each cutting tip 22, as Figure 3 and 4 shown as a schematic diagram of the coolant spraying, and the mark 5 is the sprayed coolant.

[0034] During machining, the cutting edge 22a contacts the workpiece for machining, and the tool rotates at a high speed. The cooling of the cutting edge 22a is very important. The cooling of the cutting insert 2 is mainly the cooling of the cutting edge 22a. In the prior art, an inclined downward liquid outlet hole is formed in the tool shank, or a conduit is led out at the installation position to spray liquid on the cutting insert, and the cooling effect is not good, and the structure is complex. In this application, the liquid outlet hole is formed at the mating part of the tool shank 1 and the cutting insert 2, one cutting edge 22a corresponds to one liquid outlet hole 12, and the liquid outlet hole 12 is formed at the mating part of the tool shank 1 and the cutting insert 2 and is close to the cutting insert 2. As is well known, when water sprays out from a hole, the water column is not cylindrical but conical with an increasingly expanding outer diameter, as Figure 3 marked 5 in the figure shows. In this application, the coolant sprays out from a horizontal angle to cool each cutting edge 22a, and the cooling effect can be achieved more efficiently and accurately.

[0035] In order not to affect the structural performance of the cutting insert 2 of the indexable slot milling tool, as Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a protrusion 3 is provided on the blade 2 body 21, and an inner hole 13 that cooperates with the protrusion 3 is opened on the end face of the tool shank 1; the first groove 31 is opened on the protrusion 3, and the second groove 11 is opened on the bottom surface of the inner hole 13; the cooperation between the protrusion 3 and the inner hole 13 causes the first groove 31 and the second groove 11 to close. In this application, on the basis of the original structure of the blade 2, a protrusion 3 is added to the blade 2 body 21, which will not affect the structural performance of the blade 2. The protrusion 3 cooperates with the inner hole 13 of the tool shank 1.

[0036] As Figure 2 shown, the liquid outlet hole 12 is located on the outer circumferential surface of the tool shank 1, and the liquid outlet hole 12 communicates with the second groove 11 as a whole. Although the liquid outlet hole 12 in this embodiment is also located on the tool shank 1, the coolant does not spray obliquely downward. In this application, the coolant sprays from a horizontal angle, and the number of the liquid outlet holes 12 is equal to the number of the tool tips 22, and each liquid outlet hole 12 corresponds to a cutting edge 22a. These are all the differences from the prior art.

[0037] As Figure 5 shown, flat surfaces 7 are provided at the edges of the first groove 31 and the second groove 11 to make the first groove 31 and the second groove 11 fit tightly.

[0038] As Figure 6 shown, the number of the flow channels 4 in the tool shank 1 is equal to the number of the tool tips 22, and each flow channel 4 communicates with a cavity structure.

[0039] The indexable tool with multiple tool tips described in this embodiment has five tool tips 22. Five first grooves 31 are provided on the protrusion 3 of the blade 2, and five second grooves 11 are provided on the end face of the tool shank 1. The first groove 31 and the second groove 11 close to form five cavity structures with holes, and the liquid outlet hole 12 of each cavity structure is aligned with the cutting edge 22a of a tool tip. Five flow channels 4 are provided in the tool shank 1 and communicate with the five cavity structures respectively. During machining, coolant is simultaneously introduced into the five flow channels 4. The coolant passes through the flow channels 4 and the cavity structures and sprays from the liquid outlet holes 12 onto the cutting edges 22a. The liquid outlet holes 12 are located on the tool shank 1 corresponding to the second grooves 11. With such a structure, the liquid outlet holes 12 spray from the outer circumferential surface of the tool shank 1 and are close to the blade 2, and the coolant sprays almost at a horizontal angle and can accurately spray onto each cutting edge 22a.

[0040] Embodiment 2

[0041] The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that the protrusion 3 is set as a polygonal protrusion, and the inner hole 13 is also a polygonal inner hole adapted to the polygonal protrusion 3. The polygonal inner hole 13 and the polygonal protrusion 3 cooperate to transmit torque. It has a greater torque transmission capacity compared with the prior art. As Figure 5As shown, the protrusion 3 is pentagonal, and can also be quadrilateral, hexagonal or even more. In this embodiment, the protrusion 3 is pentagonal, and a first groove 31 is correspondingly arranged near the sharp corner of the pentagon, which can play a role in aesthetics. In this embodiment, the polygonal inner hole 13 is not a pentagonal inner hole. The inner hole 13 is an improvement based on the pentagonal inner hole. The reasons are as follows: The cooperation between the first groove 31 and the second groove 11 is not only the cooperation of the grooves, but also the cooperation of other surfaces at the grooving positions. Actually, during the installation and cooperation, due to machining errors, there will be very small gaps on these mating surfaces. If the five side surfaces 32 of the pentagonal protrusion are perpendicular to the body 21, and the inner hole 13 is also a pentagonal inner hole, and the side surfaces of the inner hole 13 are also perpendicular to the body 21, then in the case of machining errors, the side surfaces 32 of the protrusion and the side surfaces of the inner hole 13 may not be in contact, affecting the transmission of torque. Therefore, in this application, the side surfaces 32 of the protrusion (five surfaces in this embodiment) are designed as inclined surfaces, and the five corresponding side surfaces of the inner hole 13 are inclined surfaces connected by two arcs in transition. Both of the two inclined surfaces are inclined surfaces with the same inclination direction as the side surfaces 32 of the protrusion, so that the protrusion 3 fits with the inner hole 13. One of the two inclined surfaces is used to cooperate with the protrusion 3, and the other is for clearance to facilitate the machining of the inner hole 13.

[0042] As Figure 5 shown, the surface indicated by the mark 32 is in contact with and installed on the tool shank 1, and the tool generates torque on these five surfaces. The side surfaces of the polygonal protrusion (i.e., the five surfaces indicated by the mark 32) are inclined surfaces that incline towards the center of the blade 2. The surface indicated by the mark 33 is other mating surfaces, and also fits with the corresponding structure in the second groove 11, and there will be a very small gap at the mating part with the tool shank due to machining errors. In this application, the five surfaces of the pentagonal inner hole 13 are respectively curved surfaces. As Figure 2 shown, the five corresponding surfaces of the inner hole 13 are inclined surfaces (inclined surface 13a and inclined surface 13b) connected by two arcs in transition. When cooperating with the pentagonal protrusion 3, the inclined surface 13a fits with the side surface 32 of the protrusion, and the inclined surface 13b is designed for clearance and does not fit with the side surface 10.

[0043] The protrusion 3 on the blade 2 is used to transmit torque. The protrusion 3 is polygonal, pentagonal in this embodiment. The pentagonal protrusion 3 cooperates with the polygonal inner hole 13 to transmit torque. The more the cutting edges 22a are, the greater the torque to be transmitted, and the number of sides of the polygon can be correspondingly increased to increase the torque. This application can improve the cooling effect and torque transmission ability of the blade through structural design.

[0044] Embodiment 3

[0045] This embodiment provides a indexable slot milling cutter with multiple cutting tips, which also includes a tool shank and a blade. The blade is also provided with a protrusion. The structure of the protrusion and the structure of the tool shank are the same as those of the indexable tool with multiple cutting tips described in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2.

[0046] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An indexable tool with multiple cutting tips, the tool comprising a tool shank and a cutting blade mounted on the tool shank, the cutting blade including a body and a cutting tip, and the cutting tip having a cutting edge; the body is cooperatively connected with the tool shank, and at least two cutting tips are evenly distributed on the body, characterized in that, A groove 1 is formed on the upper surface of the body, and a groove 2 is formed on the end face of the tool shank. After the body and the tool shank are assembled, groove 1 and groove 2 are combined to form a cavity structure with holes. The holes are liquid outlet holes, and the number of the holes is equal to the number of the tool tips. Each of the liquid outlet holes is aligned with the cutting edge of a tool tip; a flow channel is formed in the tool shank, and the cavity structure is communicated with the flow channel; the coolant sprays out from the flow channel through the cavity structure from the liquid outlet holes to cool the cutting edge of each tool tip.

2. The indexable tool having a plurality of cutting edges according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of groove 1 and groove 2 is equal to the number of the tool tips, that is, the number of the cavity structures is equal to the number of the tool tips. One liquid outlet hole is formed on each cavity structure, and each liquid outlet hole is aligned with the cutting edge of a tool tip.

3. The indexable cutting tool having a plurality of cutting edges according to claim 1, characterized in that, A protrusion is arranged on the blade body, and an inner hole matched with the protrusion is formed on the end face of the tool shank; groove 1 is formed on the protrusion, and groove 2 is formed on the bottom surface of the inner hole; the protrusion and the inner hole are matched to combine groove 1 and groove 2.

4. The indexable insert tool having a plurality of cutting edges according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid outlet holes are located on the outer circumferential surface of the tool shank, and the liquid outlet holes are integrally communicated with groove 2.

5. The indexable insert tool having a plurality of cutting edges according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protrusion is a polygonal protrusion, and the inner hole is also a polygonal inner hole adapted to the polygonal protrusion. The polygonal inner hole and the polygonal protrusion are matched to transmit torque.

6. The indexable insert tool having a plurality of cutting edges according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer circumferential surface of the polygonal protrusion is an inclined surface inclined towards the center of the blade.

7. The indexable insert tool having a plurality of cutting edges according to claim 1, wherein, Flat surfaces are arranged at the edges of groove 1 and groove 2 to make groove 1 and groove 2 fit tightly.

8. The indexable tool having a plurality of cutting edges according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the flow channels in the tool shank is equal to the number of the tool tips, and each flow channel is communicated with one of the cavity structures.

9. An indexable slot milling cutter, characterized in that, The indexable slot milling cutter is an indexable cutter with multiple tool tips according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. The indexable slot milling cutter according to claim 9, characterized in that, The center of the blade has a mounting hole, and groove 1 is arranged radially with the central axis of the mounting hole as the axis.

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