Tooth lapping method for improving performance of equal-height teeth of high-end vehicle type drive axle

Abstract

The invention discloses a tooth lapping method for improving the performance of equal-height teeth of a high-end vehicle type drive axle. The tooth lapping method comprises the following steps that S1, a comprehensive testing fixture is used for correcting the standard installation distance and the offset distance of a numerical control machine tool; s2, a driving gear and a driven gear are installed on a numerical control machine tool; s3, gear lapping is started; and S4, in the gear lapping process, the standard installation distance and the offset distance are adjusted. Meanwhile, the standard installation distance and the offset distance are adjusted, the equal-height tooth acceleration face small-end tooth root, the equal-height tooth acceleration face large-end tooth crest, the equal-height tooth deceleration face small-end tooth crest and the equal-height tooth deceleration face large-end tooth root can be ground in the grinding process, the opposite angles are corrected through the grinding method, the first-order transmission error of the gear pair MTE is smaller than or equal to 20 uard, the second-order transmission error is smaller than or equal to 5 uard, and the gear pair MTE transmission efficiency is improved. The length of the contact area can meet the requirement of 50%-65%, the qualified rate of the drive axle NVH rack can reach 95% or above, and the after-sale mass loss is reduced by 3 million per year.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of spiral bevel gear lapping technology, and particularly relates to a lapping method for improving the performance of spiral bevel gears of drive axles for high-end vehicles. Background Art

[0002] The drive axle is located at the end of the transmission system and can change the speed and torque from the transmission and transmit them to the drive wheels. The drive axle generally consists of a main reducer, a differential, a gear transmission structure, a drive axle housing, etc. The steering drive axle also has constant velocity joints.

[0003] Spiral bevel gears are the core transmission structure of the drive axle. After heat treatment of spiral bevel gears, in order to improve the gear transmission noise and accuracy, a lapping process needs to be used to improve the tooth surface performance of spiral bevel gears. When lapping by rotating a pair of gear pairs on a special numerical control machine tool, a certain braking force is applied for cutting at the same time, and finally the quality of the tooth surface contact area is improved, and the gear meshing and transmission performance are improved.

[0004] In the related art, generally only the offset distance is adjusted. The middle of both sides of the spiral bevel gear, the middle of the small end, and the middle of the large end are reciprocally lapped to ensure the requirements for the tooth surface to be shiny and the length position of the contact area. The above lapping method has the following problems: 1. The length and position of the tooth surface contact area cannot be effectively controlled within the required range; 2. The contact area will be diagonally distributed; 3. The qualified rate requirement of the NVH test bench cannot be met.

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to propose a lapping method for improving the performance of spiral bevel gears of drive axles for high-end vehicles to ensure that the position length of the contact area meets the standard requirements, which has become an important technical problem to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a lapping method for improving the performance of spiral bevel gears of drive axles for high-end vehicles, aiming to solve the following problems existing in the existing lapping process: 1. The length and position of the tooth surface contact area cannot be effectively controlled within the required range; 2. The contact area will be diagonally distributed; 3. The qualified rate requirement of the NVH test bench cannot be met.

[0007] To achieve the above object, this application proposes a lapping method for improving the performance of spiral bevel gears of drive axles for high-end vehicles. The lapping method includes the following steps: S1. Use a comprehensive gauge to correct the standard installation distance and offset distance of the numerical control machine tool; S2. Install the driving gear and the driven gear on the numerical control machine tool, and make the driven gear mesh with the driving gear. Both the driving gear and the driven gear are provided with spiral bevel gears; S3. The numerical control machine tool drives the driving gear to rotate, and provides a braking force through the driven gear to start lapping; S4. During the lapping process, adjust the standard installation distance and offset distance to change the position of the tooth surface contact area between the spiral bevel gears of the driven gear and the driving gear.

[0008] In some embodiments, when the driving gear rotates forward, the specific method for adjusting the standard mounting distance and offset distance in S4 is as follows: S41. Adjust the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear is located in the middle of the equal-height tooth acceleration surface of the driving gear; S42. Adjust the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear is located at the bottom of the small end of the equal-height tooth acceleration surface of the driving gear; S43. Callback the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear is located in the middle of the equal-height tooth acceleration surface of the driving gear; S44. Adjust the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear is located at the top of the large end of the equal-height tooth acceleration surface of the driving gear; S45. Callback the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear is located in the middle of the equal-height tooth acceleration surface of the driving gear.

[0009] In some embodiments, when the driving gear rotates in reverse, the specific method for adjusting the standard mounting distance and offset distance in S4 is as follows: S46. Adjust the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear is located in the middle of the equal-height tooth deceleration surface of the driving gear; S47. Adjust the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear is located at the top of the small end of the equal-height tooth deceleration surface of the driving gear; S48. Callback the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear is located in the middle of the equal-height tooth deceleration surface of the driving gear; S49. Adjust the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear is located at the bottom of the large end of the equal-height tooth deceleration surface of the driving gear; S410. Callback the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear is located in the middle of the equal-height tooth deceleration surface of the driving gear.

[0010] In some embodiments, in S3 above, tooth lapping includes a rough lapping process and a fine lapping process. In the rough lapping process, the mesh number of the lapping fluid is 280 mesh, and in the fine lapping process, the mesh number of the lapping fluid is 320 mesh.

[0011] In some embodiments, the rough lapping process includes two phases. The first phase cycles 2 - 3 times, with a [value] of 0.8 - 1.5, and the second phase cycles 2 - 3 times, with a [value] of 0.5 - 0.8.

[0012] In some embodiments, the fine lapping process includes one phase, cycling 1 - 3 times, It is 0.2 - 0.5.

[0013] In some embodiments, it further includes a polishing liquid spray head for spraying polishing liquid. The polishing liquid spray head includes: a spray body; a polishing liquid inlet disposed at one end of the spray body; an air inlet disposed on the side of the spray body; a spray nozzle screwed to the other end of the spray body; a polishing liquid flow channel disposed on the spray body and communicating with the polishing liquid inlet; a mixing flow channel disposed in the spray nozzle and communicating with the polishing liquid flow channel; a plurality of air intake through holes circumferentially spaced outside the mixing flow channel. The mixing flow channel, the polishing liquid flow channel, the spray body and the spray nozzle enclose an air intake space. The air inlet communicates with the air intake space, and the air intake through holes communicate with the air intake space.

[0014] In some embodiments, the mixing flow channel includes: a constriction part communicating with the polishing liquid flow channel; a mixing part communicating with the constriction part, and the air intake through holes communicate with the mixing part; a first flaring part communicating with the mixing part.

[0015] In some embodiments, it further includes: a connecting member with one end connected to the spray nozzle; an impact head with the other end of the connecting member connected to the impact head, and the impact head is coaxially arranged with the first flaring part; a spray barrel installed at the other end of the connecting member and coaxially arranged with the impact head.

[0016] In some embodiments, the spray barrel further includes: a converging part with an inner diameter gradually decreasing; a second flaring part integrally formed with the converging part.

[0017] The technical solution of this application proposes a gear lapping method for improving the performance of high-profile gears in the drive axles of high-end vehicles. The gear lapping method includes the following steps: S1. Use a comprehensive inspection tool to correct the standard installation distance and offset distance of the numerical control machine tool; S2. Install the driving gear and the driven gear on the numerical control machine tool, and make the driven gear mesh with the driving gear. High-profile gears are provided on both the driving gear and the driven gear; S3. The numerical control machine tool drives the driving gear to rotate, and provides braking force through the driven gear to start gear lapping; S4. During the gear lapping process, adjust the standard installation distance and offset distance to change the position of the tooth surface contact area of the high-profile gears between the driven gear and the driving gear. By using a comprehensive inspection tool to correct the standard installation distance, offset distance and assembly distance of the numerical control machine tool, the accuracy of the assembly dimensions and the accuracy of movement are ensured, which is used to ensure the compliance of the gear lapping results. At the same time, adjusting the standard installation distance and offset distance is beneficial to grinding the small-end tooth root of the high-profile gear acceleration surface, the large-end tooth tip of the high-profile gear acceleration surface, the small-end tooth tip of the high-profile gear deceleration surface and the large-end tooth root of the high-profile gear deceleration surface during the grinding process. Through the above grinding method, the diagonal is corrected, and the transmission error of the first order of the gear pair MTE is ≤20 uarc, the transmission error of the second order is ≤5 uarc, the contact area length can meet the requirements of 50%-65%, the qualification rate of the drive axle NVH test bench can reach more than 95%, and the after-sales quality loss is reduced by 3 million yuan / year. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings, where: Figure 1 is the technical roadmap of a gear lapping method for improving the performance of high-profile gears in the drive axles of high-end vehicles in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the driving gear and the driven gear in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the grinding route of the high-profile gear deceleration surface in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the grinding route of the high-profile gear acceleration surface in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is the three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the grinding fluid nozzle in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is the cross-sectional view of the grinding fluid nozzle in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is Figure 6 the partial enlarged view of part A in Figure 8This is a cross-sectional view of the impact head in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] In the figure: driving gear 10, equal-height teeth 101, deceleration surface 1011, small end 1012, large end 1013, acceleration surface 1014, driven gear 20, grinding fluid nozzle 30, nozzle body 31, grinding fluid inlet 32, air inlet 33, reinforcing ring 34, nozzle opening 35, connecting member 36, impact head 37, spray tube 38, converging portion 381, second flared portion 382, sealing gasket 39, grinding fluid flow channel 310, first sealing ring 311, second sealing ring 312, mixed flow channel 313, air intake through-hole 314. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0021] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0022] It should also be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. When an element is referred to as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0023] In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the present application are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions appears to be contradictory or unable to be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present application.

[0024] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present application provides a gear grinding method for improving the performance of equal-height teeth of the drive axle of high-end vehicles. The gear grinding method includes the following steps: S1. Use a comprehensive inspection tool to calibrate the standard installation distance and offset distance of the CNC machine tool. The CNC machine tool for gear lapping has three basic motions in three directions: vertical motion (or offset distance V), horizontal motion (or standard installation distance H), and backlash motion (or assembly distance J). The comprehensive inspection tool is preferably a three-axis calibration table equipped with high-precision sensors. The three-axis calibration table is used to accurately position and calibrate the standard installation distance, offset distance, and assembly distance of the CNC machine tool, ensuring the accuracy of movement control and assembly during the subsequent gear lapping process, thereby improving the stability of the gear lapping process and the compliance of the results. The three-axis calibration table and the sensors on it are mature existing technologies, and the specific structures of the three-axis calibration table and the sensors on it are not restricted herein; S2. Install the driving gear 10 and the driven gear 20 on the CNC machine tool, and make the driven gear 20 mesh with the driving gear 10. The driving gear 10 and the driven gear 20 are both provided with equal-height teeth 101. Looking from the large end 1013 to the small end 1012 of the teeth, the full tooth depth of the equal-height teeth 101 is the same, and the two lines of its addendum circle and pitch circle are parallel. Since the equal-height teeth 101 are processed by the end face hobbing method, the equal-height teeth 101 have better applicability and anti-impact load capacity, and can better meet the requirements of high rotational speed, large speed ratio, low noise, and high smoothness of the automotive drive axle of high-end models. After the driving gear 10 and the driven gear 20 are assembled on the CNC machine tool, by controlling the movement of the driven gear 20 in the V / H / J directions, the driven gear 20 is made to mesh with the driving gear 10; S3. The CNC machine tool drives the driving gear 10 to rotate, and provides braking force through the driven gear 20 to start gear lapping. The rotational speed of the driving gear 10 should be higher than 2200 r / min. The high rotational speed of the driving gear 10 is beneficial to efficient gear lapping. The CNC machine tool drive uses an eddy current brake to provide braking force, and the braking torque is between 8 N·m and 10 N·m. An appropriate braking load during the gear lapping process is beneficial to improving the gear lapping efficiency, shortening the gear lapping time, and is not prone to excessive gear lapping; S4. During the gear grinding process, adjust the standard mounting distance and offset distance to change the position of the contact area on the tooth surface of the equal-height teeth 101 of the driven gear 20 and the driving gear 10. Adjusting the offset distance (vertical movement) will adjust the movement of the contact area of the equal-height teeth 101 between the small end 1012 and the large end 1013 on the tooth surface; adjusting the standard mounting distance (horizontal movement) can make the contact area of the equal-height teeth 101 move between the tooth tip and the tooth root on the tooth surface and can control the diagonal contact. Adjusting the assembly distance (side clearance movement) is used in cooperation with the vertical movement and the horizontal movement to control the side clearance between the driving gear 10 and the driven gear 20 to ensure that the side clearance remains consistent throughout the gear grinding cycle. It can be understood that after adjusting the standard mounting distance and the offset distance, it is also necessary to adjust the assembly distance to ensure that the side clearance remains consistent throughout the gear grinding cycle. Adjusting the standard mounting distance and the offset distance simultaneously is beneficial to grinding the tooth root of the small end 1012 of the acceleration surface 1014 of the equal-height teeth 101, the tooth tip of the large end 1013 of the acceleration surface 1014 of the equal-height teeth 101, the tooth tip of the small end 1012 of the deceleration surface 1011 of the equal-height teeth 101, and the tooth root of the large end 1013 of the deceleration surface 1011 of the equal-height teeth 101 during the grinding process. Correct the diagonal through the above grinding method to ensure that the position length of the contact area meets the standard requirements and the transmission error meets the requirements.

[0025] Specifically, a comprehensive gauge is used to calibrate the standard mounting distance, offset distance, and assembly distance of the CNC machine tool to ensure the accuracy of the assembly dimensions and the accuracy of the movement, which is used to ensure the compliance of the gear grinding results. Adjusting the standard mounting distance and the offset distance simultaneously is beneficial to grinding the tooth root of the small end 1012 of the acceleration surface 1014 of the equal-height teeth 101, the tooth tip of the large end 1013 of the acceleration surface 1014 of the equal-height teeth 101, the tooth tip of the small end 1012 of the deceleration surface 1011 of the equal-height teeth 101, and the tooth root of the large end 1013 of the deceleration surface 1011 of the equal-height teeth 101 during the grinding process. Correct the diagonal through the above grinding method, and make the transmission error of the 1st order of the gear pair MTE ≤ 20 uard, the transmission error of the 2nd order ≤ 5 uard, the length of the contact area can meet the requirements of 50% - 65%, the qualified rate of the drive axle NVH test bench can reach more than 95%, and reduce the after-sales quality loss by 3 million yuan / year.

[0026] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the driving gear 10 rotates forward. During the forward rotation of the driving gear 10, the acceleration surface 1014 of the grinding equal-height tooth 101 is ground. During the grinding of the acceleration surface 1014, the specific method for adjusting the standard mounting distance and offset distance in S4 is as follows: S41. Adjust the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear 20 and the driving gear 10 is located in the middle of the acceleration surface 1014 of the equal-height tooth 101 of the driving gear 10; S42. Reduce the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear 20 and the driving gear 10 is located at the bottom of the small end 1012 of the acceleration surface 1014 of the equal-height tooth 101 of the driving gear 10; S43. Callback the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear 20 and the driving gear 10 is located in the middle of the acceleration surface 1014 of the equal-height tooth 101 of the driving gear 10; S44. Increase the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear 20 and the driving gear 10 is located at the top of the large end 1013 of the acceleration surface 1014 of the equal-height tooth 101 of the driving gear 10; S45. Callback the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear 20 and the driving gear 10 is located in the middle of the acceleration surface 1014 of the equal-height tooth 101 of the driving gear 10. The driving gear 10 rotates in reverse. During the reverse rotation of the driving gear 10, the deceleration surface 1011 of the grinding equal-height tooth 101 is ground. During the grinding of the deceleration surface 1011, the specific method for adjusting the standard mounting distance and offset distance in S4 is as follows: S46. Adjust the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear 20 and the driving gear 10 is located in the middle of the deceleration surface 1011 of the equal-height tooth 101 of the driving gear 10; S47. Increase the standard mounting distance and reduce the offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear 20 and the driving gear 10 is located at the top of the small end 1012 of the deceleration surface 1011 of the equal-height tooth 101 of the driving gear 10; S48. Callback the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear 20 and the driving gear 10 is located in the middle of the deceleration surface 1011 of the equal-height tooth 101 of the driving gear 10; S49. Reduce the standard mounting distance and increase the offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear 20 and the driving gear 10 is located at the bottom of the large end 1013 of the deceleration surface 1011 of the equal-height tooth 101 of the driving gear 10; S410. Callback the standard mounting distance and offset distance so that the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear 20 and the driving gear 10 is located in the middle of the deceleration surface 1011 of the equal-height tooth 101 of the driving gear 10. A mathematical model is established based on the parameters of the driven gear 20 of the driving gear 10, and then the magnitudes of the corresponding V / H / J adjustment amounts are determined according to the known positions of the contact points on the tooth surface. Only one adjustment strategy is provided in this application, and other adjustment strategies can also be selected according to different installation situations. During the process of adjusting the standard mounting distance and offset distance, it is also necessary to synchronously adjust the assembly distance side clearance movement to cooperate with the vertical movement and horizontal movement to control the side clearance between the driving gear 10 and the driven gear 20 and ensure that the side clearance remains consistent during the gear grinding cycle.

[0027] In some embodiments, in the above S3, gear lapping includes a rough lapping process and a finish lapping process. In the rough lapping process, the mesh number of the lapping fluid is 280 mesh, and in the finish lapping process, the mesh number of the lapping fluid is 320 mesh. Silicon carbide is used as the abrasive in the lapping fluid, and there is also suspension oil in the lapping fluid. The suspension oil is used to ensure that the silicon carbide can be in a suspended state, and the type of the suspension oil is not specifically limited herein. There are also components such as suspension thickener, rheological additive, trigger agent, etc. in the lapping fluid.

[0028] In this embodiment, two numerically controlled machine tools are used to complete gear lapping. One numerically controlled machine tool is used to complete the rough lapping process, and the other is used to complete the finish lapping process. The rough lapping process corrects the diagonal by lapping the root of the small end 1012 of the equal-height tooth 101 on the grinding acceleration surface 1014, the tip of the large end 1013 of the equal-height tooth 101, the tip of the small end 1012 of the equal-height tooth 101 on the deceleration surface 1011, and the root of the large end 1013 of the equal-height tooth 101 on the deceleration surface 1011, so as to ensure the position of the contact area before finish lapping and the tooth surface is visible. The finish lapping process corrects the diagonal by lapping the root of the small end 1012 of the equal-height tooth 101 on the grinding acceleration surface 1014, the tip of the large end 1013 of the equal-height tooth 101, the tip of the small end 1012 of the equal-height tooth 101 on the deceleration surface 1011, and the root of the large end 1013 of the equal-height tooth 101 on the deceleration surface 1011. Ensure that the length of the contact area position meets the standard requirements and the transmission error meets the requirements. And through the grinding process of the rough lapping process plus the finish lapping process, it can ensure that the tooth surface roughness is stably ≤ Ra1.6.

[0029] In some embodiments, the rough lapping process includes two phases, and the two phases include two stages. In the two phases, the lapping route is the same as the lapping route in the above S4, which will not be repeated here. The first phase cycles 2 - 3 times, and the midpoint residence time is 5 - 10 seconds. is 0.8 - 1.5, is the spindle speed, is the braking pressure. The second phase cycles 2 - 3 times, and the midpoint residence time is 5 - 10 seconds. is 0.5 - 0.8. The finish lapping process includes one phase, cycles 1 - 3 times, and the midpoint residence time is 15 - 30 seconds. is 0.2 - 0.5. The processing time of the entire rough lapping process and the entire finish lapping process are 7 - 10 minutes respectively.

[0030] Refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, it further includes a grinding fluid spray head 30. The grinding fluid spray head 30 is used to spray grinding fluid into the tooth grooves at the meshing position of the driving gear 10 and the driven gear 20, and the grinding fluid needs to be replaced regularly. Because during grinding, the metal cut from the isogonic teeth 101, the free carbon particles on the driving gear 10 and the driven gear 20, etc. can all enter the grinding fluid. In addition, silicon carbide will deteriorate during the grinding process, and the deterioration of silicon carbide can also make the grinding fluid dirty. In order to maintain a stable contact area and gear grinding parameters, a cycle table for replacing the grinding fluid needs to be determined. The grinding fluid spray head 30 includes: a spray body 31; a grinding fluid inlet 32, which is arranged at one end of the spray body 31; the spray body 31 is the main body structure of the spray head, and other structures on the grinding fluid spray head 30 are directly or indirectly connected to the spray body 31; the grinding fluid inlet 32 is connected to the pipe head of the grinding fluid discharge pipe, an air inlet 33, which is arranged on the side of the spray body 31; the air inlet is connected to the pipe head of the intake pipeline; a spray port 35, which is screwed to the other end of the spray body 31; an opening is arranged at the end of the spray port 35 far away from the spray body 31, a grinding fluid flow channel 310, which is arranged on the spray body 31, and the grinding fluid flow channel 310 communicates with the grinding fluid inlet 32; a mixing flow channel 313, which is arranged in the spray port 35, and the mixing flow channel 313 communicates with the grinding fluid flow channel 310; the mixing flow channel 313 communicates with the opening of the spray body 31, a plurality of air intake through holes 314, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference on the outside of the mixing flow channel 313. The mixing flow channel 313, the grinding fluid flow channel 310, the spray body 31 and the spray port 35 enclose an air intake space. The outer wall surfaces of the mixing flow channel 313 and the grinding fluid flow channel 310 and the inner wall surfaces of the spray body 31 and the spray port 35 enclose an air intake space. The air inlet 33 communicates with the air intake space, and the air intake through holes 314 communicate with the air intake space. The grinding fluid flows from the grinding fluid inlet 32 into the grinding fluid flow channel 310, and then flows from the grinding fluid flow channel 310 into the mixing flow channel 313. High-pressure air is discharged into the air intake space from the air inlet 33, and then discharged into the mixing flow channel 313 from the air intake through holes 314, and is mixed with the grinding fluid in the mixing flow channel 313. The grinding fluid is torn into small drops by a strong gas-liquid shearing force to form a grinding fluid spray. The grinding fluid spray is sprayed into the tooth grooves of the driving gear 10 and the driven gear 20. By atomizing the grinding fluid, firstly, the grinding fluid drops can be evenly attached to the surface of the driving gear 10 or the driven gear 20, avoiding local accumulation or shortage of the grinding fluid caused by gravity or surface tension. Secondly, the grinding fluid can better penetrate into the side clearance between the driving gear 10 and the driven gear 20, which is beneficial to improving the grinding effect. Thirdly, by atomizing the grinding fluid and spraying it as needed, the demand for the grinding fluid in the grinding fluid circulation can be reduced. Since the grinding fluid needs to be replaced regularly, reducing the demand for the grinding fluid can effectively reduce the cost of gear grinding. Finally, due to the high impact force brought by the mixing of high-pressure air and the grinding fluid, the grinding fluid can be effectively stirred again, avoiding the aggregation and precipitation of silicon carbide in the grinding fluid, which is beneficial to improving the grinding effect.

[0031] In this embodiment, it further includes a grinding fluid source, a spraying pump, a grinding fluid recovery structure, a heat exchange and cooling mechanism, and an air compressor. The grinding fluid source is used to provide grinding fluid, the spraying pump is used to provide power for the grinding fluid, so that the grinding fluid flows from the grinding fluid discharge into the grinding fluid inlet 32. The grinding fluid recovery structure is used to recover the grinding fluid, and the recovered grinding fluid can flow back to the grinding fluid source after passing through the heat exchange and cooling mechanism. The grinding fluid in the grinding fluid source needs to be replaced regularly. The air compressor is used to provide high-pressure air, so that the high-pressure air flows into the air inlet 33 from the air inlet pipe. Since the grinding fluid source, the spraying pump, the grinding fluid recovery structure, the heat exchange and cooling mechanism, and the air compressor are all mature prior arts and not the inventive points of this application, their structures are not specifically limited herein.

[0032] Wherein, it further includes a sealing gasket 39. A sealing gasket 39 is arranged between the grinding fluid flow channel 310 and the spray body 31. The sealing gasket 39 can effectively prevent the grinding fluid from flowing into the intake space. A first sealing ring 311 is also arranged between the grinding fluid flow channel 310 and the spray body 31. The first sealing ring 311 is used to prevent the grinding fluid from flowing into the intake space. A second sealing ring 312 is also arranged between the spray body 31 and the spray port 35. The second sealing ring 312 is used to prevent the high-pressure air from leaking and maintain the pressure of the high-pressure air, so as to ensure the atomization effect. Due to the large air pressure in the intake space, in order to ensure the stability of the screw connection between the spray body 31 and the spray port 35, a reinforcing ring 34 is screwed on the outside of the spray body 31, and the reinforcing ring 34 is located at the screw connection between the spray body 31 and the spray port 35.

[0033] Refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in

[0034] Refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 andFigure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, it further includes: a connecting member 36, one end of the connecting member 36 is connected to the nozzle 35; the connecting member 36 includes a first bent portion and a second bent portion that are connected to each other. The first connecting portion of the connecting member 36 is welded to the nozzle 35, and a corresponding welding groove is also provided on the nozzle 35. An impact head 37, the other end of the connecting member 36 is connected to the impact head 37, and the impact head 37 is coaxially arranged with the first flared portion; one side of the second bent portion is welded to the impact head 37. The impact head 37 is a rotating body. Along the direction away from the nozzle 35, the cross-sectional area of the impact head 37 first gradually increases and then gradually decreases. A spray tube 38, the spray tube 38 is installed at the other end of the connecting member 36, and the spray tube 38 is coaxially arranged with the impact head 37. The other side of the second bent portion is welded to the spray tube 38. The atomized abrasive liquid spray impacts on the impact head 37. Under the action of the impact head 37, first, the spraying area of the abrasive liquid can be increased, so that the spraying area of the abrasive liquid better covers the driving gear 10 and the driven gear. Secondly, under the action of the impact force, it is beneficial to form smaller abrasive liquid droplets, so that the abrasive liquid can better penetrate into the side clearance between the driving gear 10 and the driven gear 20, which is beneficial to improving the grinding effect. Finally, under the action of the impact force, it is beneficial to make the abrasive more evenly dispersed into the suspended oil droplets, avoiding the aggregation of the abrasive in the suspended oil droplets. When the atomized abrasive liquid spray impacts on the impact head 37, most of the abrasive liquid spray impacts on the impact head 37 and splashes after the impact, and a small part of the abrasive liquid spray flows into the spray tube 38 under the guidance of the impact head 37 and is sprayed from the spray tube 38 onto the driving gear 10 or the driven gear 20. The setting of the spray tube 38 is beneficial to avoiding too little distribution of the abrasive liquid droplets at the axis of the nozzle 35, thereby avoiding the situation of uneven distribution of the abrasive liquid.

[0035] Referring to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the spray tube 38 further includes: a converging portion 381, the inner diameter of the converging portion 381 gradually decreases; the abrasive liquid spray flowing into the spray tube 38 is converged to the middle under the action of the converging portion 381, and the abrasive liquid droplets collide in the middle, so that the silicon carbide is more evenly dispersed into the suspended oil droplets, avoiding the aggregation of the silicon carbide in the suspended oil droplets. A second flared portion 382, the second flared portion 382 is integrally formed with the converging portion 381. The abrasive liquid droplets after collision are sprayed onto the driving gear 10 or the driven gear 20 through the second flared portion 382. The second flared portion 382 is beneficial to increasing the spraying area of the abrasive liquid droplets. The setting of the converging portion 381 in the spray tube 38 and the setting of the impact head 37 are beneficial to the abrasive liquid droplets being affected by the secondary impact force, so that the silicon carbide in the abrasive liquid droplets is more evenly distributed and the gear grinding effect is improved.

[0036] ​The above are only partial or preferred embodiments of the present application. Neither the text nor the drawings can limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any equivalent structural transformation made using the content of the specification and drawings of the present application under the overall concept of the present application, or any direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A gear lapping method for improving the performance of high-precision gears in the drive axle of high-end vehicles, characterized in that, The gear lapping method includes the following steps: S1. Use a comprehensive gauge to calibrate the standard mounting distance and offset distance of the numerical control machine tool; S2. Install the driving gear and the driven gear on the numerical control machine tool, and make the driven gear mesh with the driving gear. Equal-height teeth are provided on both the driving gear and the driven gear; S3. The numerical control machine tool drives the driving gear to rotate, and provides braking force through the driven gear to start gear lapping; S4. During the gear lapping process, adjust the standard mounting distance and the offset distance to change the position of the tooth surface contact area of the equal-height teeth between the driven gear and the driving gear.

2. A gear lapping method for improving the performance of high-tooth drive axles of high-end vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that When the driving gear rotates forward, the specific methods for adjusting the standard mounting distance and the offset distance in S4 are as follows: S41. Adjust the standard mounting distance and the offset distance to make the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear located in the middle of the acceleration surface of the equal-height teeth of the driving gear; S42. Adjust the standard mounting distance and the offset distance to make the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear located at the bottom of the small end of the acceleration surface of the equal-height teeth of the driving gear; S43. Callback the standard mounting distance and the offset distance to make the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear located in the middle of the acceleration surface of the equal-height teeth of the driving gear; S44. Adjust the standard mounting distance and the offset distance to make the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear located at the top of the large end of the acceleration surface of the equal-height teeth of the driving gear; S45. Callback the standard mounting distance and the offset distance to make the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear located in the middle of the acceleration surface of the equal-height teeth of the driving gear.

3. A gear lapping method for improving the performance of high teeth of a drive axle of a high-end vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the driving gear rotates reversely, the specific methods for adjusting the standard mounting distance and the offset distance in S4 are as follows: S46. Adjust the standard mounting distance and the offset distance to make the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear located in the middle of the deceleration surface of the equal-height teeth of the driving gear; S47. Adjust the standard mounting distance and the offset distance to make the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear located at the top of the small end of the deceleration surface of the equal-height teeth of the driving gear; S48. Callback the standard mounting distance and the offset distance to make the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear located in the middle of the deceleration surface of the equal-height teeth of the driving gear; S49. Adjust the standard mounting distance and the offset distance to make the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear located at the bottom of the large end of the deceleration surface of the equal-height teeth of the driving gear; S410. Callback the standard mounting distance and the offset distance to make the tooth surface contact area between the driven gear and the driving gear located in the middle of the deceleration surface of the equal-height teeth of the driving gear.

4. A gear lapping method for improving the performance of high-tooth drive axles of high-end vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3 above, gear lapping includes a rough lapping process and a fine lapping process. During the rough lapping process, the mesh number of the grinding fluid is 280 mesh, and during the fine lapping process, the mesh number of the grinding fluid is 320 mesh.

5. A gear lapping method for improving the performance of high-tooth drive axles of high-end vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rough grinding process includes two phases. The first phase has 2 - 3 cycles, with a value of 0.8 - 1.

5. The second phase has 2 - 3 cycles, with a value of 0.5 - 0.

8.

6. A gear lapping method for improving the performance of high-tooth hypoid gears of drive axles of high-end vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fine grinding process includes one phase, cycling 1 - 3 times, which is 0.2 - 0.

5.

7. A gear lapping method for improving the performance of high-profile gears of a drive axle of a high-end vehicle according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that It also includes a grinding fluid spray head (30). The grinding fluid spray head (30) is used for spraying the grinding fluid. The grinding fluid spray head (30) includes: A spray body (31); A polishing liquid inlet (32), the polishing liquid inlet (32) being provided at one end of the spray body (31); An air inlet (33), the air inlet (33) being provided on the side surface of the spray body (31); A spray nozzle (35), the spray nozzle (35) being screwed to the other end of the spray body (31); A polishing liquid flow channel (310), the polishing liquid flow channel (310) being provided on the spray body (31), the polishing liquid flow channel (310) communicating with the polishing liquid inlet (32); A mixing flow channel (313), the mixing flow channel (313) being provided in the spray nozzle (35), the mixing flow channel (313) communicating with the polishing liquid flow channel (310); A plurality of air intake through holes (314), the plurality of air intake through holes (314) being circumferentially spaced apart and provided outside the mixing flow channel (313), an air intake space being formed by enclosing the mixing flow channel (313), the polishing liquid flow channel (310), the spray body (31) and the spray nozzle (35), the air inlet (33) communicating with the air intake space, and the air intake through holes (314) communicating with the air intake space.

8. A gear lapping method for improving the performance of high-profile gears of a drive axle of a high-end vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mixing flow channel (313) includes: A constriction portion, the constriction portion communicating with the polishing liquid flow channel (310); A mixing portion, the mixing portion communicating with the constriction portion, the air intake through holes (314) communicating with the mixing portion; A first flaring portion, the first flaring portion communicating with the mixing portion.

9. A gear lapping method for improving the performance of high-profile gears of a drive axle of a high-end vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that, It further includes: A connecting member (36), one end of the connecting member (36) being connected to the spray nozzle (35); An impact head (37), the other end of the connecting member (36) being connected to the impact head (37), the impact head (37) being coaxially arranged with the first flaring portion; A spray barrel (38), the spray barrel (38) being installed at the other end of the connecting member (36), the spray barrel (38) being coaxially arranged with the impact head (37).

10. A gear lapping method for improving the performance of high teeth of a driving axle of a high-end vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The spray barrel (38) further includes: A converging portion (381), the inner diameter of the converging portion (381) gradually decreasing; A second flaring portion (382), the second flaring portion (382) being integrally formed with the converging portion (381).

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