Large inclined long pilot tunnel rail transportation system and method based on real-time safety monitoring

Abstract

The invention discloses a large inclined long pilot tunnel rail transportation system and method based on real-time safety monitoring. The system comprises a power device, a bogie, two steel rails laid in parallel at intervals in the inclination direction of a tunnel anchor hole, a transport flatcar arranged on the steel rails in the tunnel anchor hole, a traction rope and a safety monitoring unit used for evaluating the safety of the traction rope in real time. The safety monitoring unit comprises a lateral pressure type sensor, an all-magnetic technology monitoring device and monitoring equipment connected with the lateral pressure type sensor and the all-magnetic technology monitoring device; the lateral pressure type sensor monitors the tension of the traction rope in real time and transmits the tension to the monitoring equipment, and early warning is given out when the tension of the traction rope is abnormal; the health state of the traction rope is monitored in real time through the full-magnetic technology monitoring device and is transmitted to the monitoring equipment, so that the safe use of the traction rope is ensured; traction force is provided for the power device through the traction rope to drive the transport flatcar to move along the steel rails. And safe tunnel entering and efficient transportation of the splay cable saddle under the condition of a large inclined long pilot tunnel are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering, and more specifically, relates to a rail transportation system and method for a large-inclination long pilot tunnel based on real-time safety monitoring. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of the modern transportation system, the structural safety of a suspension bridge is directly related to the service life of the bridge and the driving safety. The dispersion saddle of a suspension bridge is generally installed in a tunnel anchor. The main cable system of the suspension bridge is responsible for transmitting the huge tensile force from the main cable to the anchor plug body of the tunnel anchor body through the dispersion saddle system, so as to achieve the stable structure of the bridge. However, installing the dispersion saddle in the tunnel anchor body faces many special technical challenges.

[0003] The suspension saddle (also known as the dispersion saddle) is the core equipment of the suspension construction system, and its quality and installation accuracy directly affect the overall structural safety and construction efficiency of the bridge. The quality of the dispersion saddle body varies according to the scale and design requirements of the bridge, generally ranging from dozens of tons to hundreds of tons. Moreover, the tunnel anchor hole usually has a narrow space and a large inclination angle. These special environmental conditions make it difficult to directly apply traditional large-scale lifting construction equipment to the installation operation of the dispersion saddle. Especially in the main cable system project with a scale of thousands of tons, the installation accuracy requirements of the dispersion saddle are extremely high, and any error may seriously affect the safety of the entire structure. The traditional construction method is to adopt an overall towing and positioning transportation plan. During the process of transporting the dispersion saddle using a pulley, the offset of the saddle body is likely to cause bumps, affecting the installation accuracy and posing a relatively high construction safety risk.

[0004] With the increase in the span of the suspension bridge, the length and inclination angle of the tunnel anchor are continuously increasing, and the installation difficulty of the dispersion saddle is also increasing. Especially for the roller support structure of the roller-type dispersion saddle, it is fine, complex, and has extremely high manufacturing and installation accuracy requirements.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a special equipment dedicated to transporting and installing the dispersion saddle under the conditions of a large-inclination long pilot tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above deficiencies or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a rail transportation system and method for a large-inclination long pilot tunnel based on real-time safety monitoring. The transportation flat car and the bottom bracket with an inverted triangular steel frame structure are used together to ensure that the dispersion saddle always remains horizontal during transportation, avoiding installation accuracy problems caused by inclination. Through the transportation flat car and multiple limit blocks, the dispersion saddle is ensured to maintain a horizontal transportation state on a 22.7° large-inclination slope, effectively preventing displacement and tipping during transportation. The side pressure type tension sensor and the full-magnetic technology monitoring device are used to respectively monitor the tension and health status of the traction rope in real time, and can timely detect problems such as damage, fatigue, and wire breakage of the steel wire rope, and issue an early warning through the monitoring device. This dual monitoring mechanism enables operators to take timely measures when abnormal situations are detected, significantly reducing the risk of safety accidents caused by steel wire rope failures. It can solve problems in traditional transportation methods such as high risk of entering the tunnel due to the large weight of the dispersion saddle components and large slope, easy bumping and damage, poor installation accuracy, and low construction efficiency. Through the real-time monitoring and early warning mechanism, potential safety hazards are timely detected and handled, avoiding accidents caused by steel wire rope failures or out-of-control of the transportation flat car, ensuring the safe entry and efficient transportation of large-tonnage saddles, and having significant economic and social benefits, and can provide reliable technical support for similar projects.

[0007] To achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention provides a rail transportation system for a large-inclination long pilot tunnel based on real-time safety monitoring, including a power device arranged outside the tunnel anchor hole, a bogie arranged at the tunnel anchor hole, two rails laid in parallel at intervals along the inclination direction of the tunnel anchor hole, a transportation flat car arranged on the rails in the tunnel anchor hole, a traction rope for providing traction force for the power device to drive the transportation flat car to move along the rails, and a safety monitoring unit for real-time evaluating the safety of the traction rope; wherein,

[0008] One end of the traction rope is connected to the transportation flat car through the bogie, and the other end is connected to the power device; the entry angle of the traction rope is adjusted through the bogie to ensure that the traction rope can smoothly guide the transportation flat car into the tunnel anchor hole; the safety monitoring unit includes a side pressure type sensor for real-time monitoring the tension of the traction rope, a full-magnetic technology monitoring device for real-time monitoring the health status of the steel wire rope, and a monitoring device connected to the side pressure type sensor and the full-magnetic technology monitoring device; the tension of the traction rope is real-time monitored by the side pressure type sensor and transmitted to the monitoring device, and an early warning is issued when the tension of the traction rope is abnormal; the health status of the traction rope is real-time monitored by the full-magnetic technology monitoring device and transmitted to the monitoring device to ensure the safe use of the traction rope;

[0009] The traction rope provides traction force for the power device to drive the transportation flat car to move along the rails; realizing the safe entry and efficient transportation of the dispersion saddle under the conditions of a large-inclination long pilot tunnel.

[0010] Further, the lateral pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the two fixed ends of the towing rope;

[0011] The all-magnetic technology monitoring device is installed on the running path of the towing rope.

[0012] Further, the bogie includes a steel pipe column perpendicular to the ground, a steering wheel arranged at the top of the steel pipe column, and a diagonal brace arranged between the side of the top of the steel pipe column and the ground.

[0013] Further, the transport flat car includes an inverted triangular steel frame, pulleys arranged at one end of the inverted triangular steel frame close to the bogie, and a plurality of anchoring points arranged at the top of the inverted triangular steel frame for fixing the loose cable saddle.

[0014] Further, the inverted triangular steel frame includes a horizontal frame body, an inclined frame body with the same inclination as the rail, and connecting frame bodies arranged in parallel at intervals between the horizontal frame body and the inclined frame body;

[0015] The horizontal frame body is parallel to the ground;

[0016] The inclination angle of the inclined frame body is the same as the inclination angle of the rail.

[0017] Further, a plurality of first limit blocks for restricting the forward displacement of the loose cable saddle are arranged at the front end of the horizontal frame body; a plurality of second limit blocks for restricting the lateral displacement of the loose cable saddle are respectively arranged on the two sides of the horizontal frame body; a plurality of third limit blocks for restricting the backward displacement of the loose cable saddle are arranged at the rear end of the horizontal frame body; among them,

[0018] The first limit blocks and the second limit blocks have the same structure and different arrangement directions; a limit rope is arranged between the first limit blocks and the second limit blocks and the loose cable saddle.

[0019] Further, a plurality of rail limit plates are arranged under the bottom longitudinal beam of the inclined frame body;

[0020] A plurality of hard rubber pads are arranged on the cross beam of the horizontal frame body.

[0021] Further, one end of the rail extends out of the tunnel anchor hole; a bracket is arranged between the bottom of the extended part of the rail and the ground; the bracket includes an inclined support beam attached to the bottom of the track and a plurality of vertically support columns with gradually changing heights arranged perpendicular to the ground between the inclined support beam and the ground.

[0022] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for rail transportation in a large-inclination long pilot tunnel based on real-time safety monitoring, which is realized by applying the large-inclination long pilot tunnel rail transportation system, and includes the following steps:

[0023] S1: Install the power unit and bogie at the construction site in sequence as required, lay rails, install a transport flat car on the rails, and arrange a traction rope between the power unit, bogie and transport flat car as required;

[0024] S2: Install lateral pressure tension sensors at the two fixed ends of the traction rope, and install a full magnetic technology monitoring device on the running path of the traction rope;

[0025] S3: hoisting each component of the loose cable saddle onto the transport flat car, and safely locking it through the first limit block, the second limit block and the third limit block on the top of the transport flat car;

[0026] S4: When the transport flat car slides to the specified position, the inclined frame of the transport flat car is locked on the rail through the bolt group; check whether the connection between the traction rope, rail, transport flat car, bogie and power unit is firm, and confirm that the safety monitoring unit is working properly;

[0027] S5: Start the power device, provide traction through the traction rope, and drive the transport flat car to move along the rail; during the movement of the transport flat car, monitor the tension of the traction rope in real time through the side pressure tension sensor, and transmit the data to the monitoring device; monitor the health status of the traction rope in real time through the full magnetic technology monitoring device to ensure the safe use of the traction rope;

[0028] S6: After the transport flat car arrives at the designated position in the tunnel anchor hole, the power device is controlled to brake and the transport is stopped; the cable saddle is unloaded from the transport flat car through the cable saddle gantry and hoisted to the designated position;

[0029] S7: The transport flat car is slid back to the initial position through the power device to prepare for the next transport operation.

[0030] Furthermore, step S5 also includes controlling the heavy-load sliding speed of the transport flat car to ensure that its sliding speed in the tunnel anchor hole does not exceed 5.0 m / min, and the heavy-load sliding speed of the transport flat car when it runs near the saddle room section does not exceed 1.0 m / min.

[0031] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0032] (1) The present invention provides a large-inclined long-guide tunnel rail transportation system and method based on real-time safety monitoring. The winch provides traction force so that the transport flat car can move smoothly and efficiently along the rails, reducing the manpower and time costs in the traditional traction method. The winch and wire rope are used for overall traction and longitudinal movement to achieve long-distance and large-tonnage efficient transportation, significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0033] (2) A rail transportation system and method for a large - inclination long pilot tunnel based on real - time safety monitoring of the present invention adopt a transport flatbed and a bottom bracket with an inverted - triangle steel frame structure to jointly ensure that the cable saddle always remains horizontal during transportation, avoiding installation accuracy problems caused by inclination; this design avoids the later installation accuracy problems of the cable saddle caused by inclination and ensures that the cable saddle can be accurately installed in place. Multiple anchoring points are set on the transport flatbed, and the cable saddle is locked through high - strength bolts and steel wires to ensure its stability during transportation, thereby guaranteeing the installation accuracy; the first, second, and third limit blocks on the top of the transport flatbed lock the cable saddle through high - strength bolts and steel wires to prevent the cable saddle from shifting or toppling during transportation, thereby guaranteeing the installation accuracy. The present invention ensures that the cable saddle maintains a horizontal transportation state on a large - inclination slope (such as 22.7°) through the transport flatbed and multiple limit blocks, effectively preventing displacement and toppling during transportation.

[0034] (3) A rail transportation system and method for a large - inclination long pilot tunnel based on real - time safety monitoring of the present invention are configured with wire break sensors and side - pressure type tension sensors on the steel wire ropes to monitor the health status and tension changes of the steel wire ropes in real time, timely warning of potential faults, and significantly reducing the safety risks during transportation. By monitoring the tension and health status of the towing rope in real time, operators can adjust the operating parameters of the winch according to the real - time data, optimize the transportation process, and improve the transportation efficiency. By monitoring the health status of the steel wire ropes in real time, operators can timely discover and repair potential damages, reduce the wear and fatigue of the steel wire ropes, and extend their service life. The present invention reduces manual intervention through the real - time monitoring system and automatic control, reduces the construction complexity, and further improves the construction efficiency.

[0035] (4) A rail transportation system and method for a large - inclination long pilot tunnel based on real - time safety monitoring of the present invention reduce the impact and vibration during operation by installing limit devices on the transport flatbed and strictly controlling the heavy - load sliding speed of the transport flatbed, reducing the wear of the equipment, and further ensuring the safety of the transportation process.

[0036] (5) A rail transportation system and method for a large - inclination long pilot tunnel based on real - time safety monitoring of the present invention can adjust the inclination angle of the transport flatbed and the laying angle of the rails according to the actual inclination angle of the tunnel anchor hole, making it applicable to different engineering scenarios. The present invention successfully solves the problems of high risk of entering the hole, poor installation accuracy, and low construction efficiency of the traditional method. Using the rail transportation system for the large - inclination long pilot tunnel, the transport flatbed and the steel wire rope safety monitoring system can effectively ensure the safe entry of large - tonnage cable saddles into the hole. The present invention can not only be used for the rail transportation of the roller - type cable saddle in the long pilot tunnel of the tunnel anchor of the suspension bridge, but also for the transportation of other goods such as grids, and has wide applicability.

[0037] (6) The present invention provides a large-inclined long-guide-tunnel rail transportation system and method based on real-time safety monitoring. A travel limit switch is installed on the track to prevent the transport flat car from exceeding the predetermined operating range. A broken wire sensor is configured on the traction rope to further ensure the safety of the transportation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a loose cable saddle starting to slip in a large-inclined long-guide tunnel rail transportation system based on real-time safety monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the loose cable saddle sliding into place in a large-inclined long-guide tunnel rail transportation system based on real-time safety monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a transport flat car of a large-inclined long-guide-tunnel rail transport system based on real-time safety monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a top view of a horizontal frame of a transport flat car of a large-inclined long-guide-tunnel rail transport system based on real-time safety monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement position of the hard rubber pad on the top of the transport flat car of a large-inclined long-guide tunnel rail transport system based on real-time safety monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the transverse end surface structure of a transport flat car on a rail in a large-inclined long-guide-tunnel rail transport system based on real-time safety monitoring in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the routing of a traction rope in a large-inclined long-guide-tunnel rail transportation system based on real-time safety monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a support in a large-inclined long-guide-tunnel rail transportation system based on real-time safety monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for rail transportation with a long guide tunnel with a large inclination based on real-time safety monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 100 - tunnel anchor, 200 - cable saddle, 1 - power device, 11 - portal platform, 12 - pile - foundation abutment, 2 - bogie, 21 - steel - pipe column, 22 - steering wheel, 23 - diagonal brace, 3 - rail, 31 - embedded bolt, 4 - transport flatcar, 41 - inverted - triangle steel frame, 411 - horizontal frame body, 4111 - longitudinal beam, 4112 - cross beam, 4113 - first limit block, 4114 - second limit block, 4115 - third limit block, 412 - inclined frame body, 413 - connecting frame body, 414 - rail limit plate, 415 - hard rubber pad, 42 - pulley, 5 - towing rope, 6 - support, 61 - inclined support beam, 62 - vertical support column, 7 - cable - saddle gantry, 8 - limit rope. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, when an element is referred to as "fixed to", "disposed on" or "provided on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element; the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "provided" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] In addition, the terms "first", "second",... are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0051] As Figures 1-8As shown in the figure, an aspect of the present invention provides a rail transit system for large inclined long pilot tunnels based on real-time safety monitoring, including a power device 1 arranged outside the tunnel anchor 100, a bogie 2 arranged at the entrance of the tunnel anchor, two steel rails 3 laid in parallel at intervals along the inclined direction of the tunnel anchor hole, a transport flatbed 4 arranged on the steel rails 3 in the tunnel anchor hole, a traction rope 5 for providing traction force to the power device 1 to drive the transport flatbed 4 to move along the steel rails 3, and a safety monitoring unit for real-time evaluation of the safety of the traction rope 5; one end of the traction rope 5 is connected to the transport flatbed 4 through the bogie 2, and the other end is connected to the power device 1; the power device 1 provides traction force through the traction rope 5 to drive the transport flatbed 4 to move along the steel rails 3; the bogie 2 is used to adjust the entry angle of the traction rope 5 to ensure that the traction rope 5 can smoothly guide the transport flatbed 4 into the tunnel anchor hole; the safety monitoring unit includes a lateral pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the tension of the traction rope 5, a full magnetic technology monitoring device for real-time monitoring of the health status of the steel wire rope, and a monitoring device connected to the lateral pressure sensor and the full magnetic technology monitoring device; the lateral pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the two fixed ends of the traction rope 5, capable of real-time monitoring of the tension of the steel wire rope, and converting the tension change into an electrical signal through a strain gauge and displaying it on the monitoring device in real time; the full magnetic technology monitoring device is used to real-time monitor defects such as internal damage, fatigue, wire breakage, and wear of the traction rope 5 to ensure the safe use of the traction rope 5.

[0052] Further, as Figures 1-8As shown, the monitoring device can display in real time the cable force monitoring value of the towing rope 5, the damage threshold of the towing rope, the degree of towing rope damage, the moving picture of the simulator towing rope, display the damage waveform of the towing rope, the usage status of the towing rope, and the detection position of the towing rope. In the large-inclination long pilot tunnel rail transit system, the installation position of the full-magnetic technology monitoring device needs to be reasonably selected according to the operating status and monitoring requirements of the towing rope 5; the full-magnetic technology monitoring device is mainly used to detect internal and surface damage of the towing rope 5, such as broken wires, wear, corrosion, fatigue, etc.; its working principle is to magnetize the towing rope 5 and detect changes in the leakage magnetic field to identify damage. This device is usually installed on the running path of the towing rope 5, can monitor the health status of the towing rope 5 in real time, and transmit data to the monitoring device; the full-magnetic technology monitoring device is usually installed near the fixed end of the towing rope 5, such as the winch end or the bogie end. The towing rope 5 at these positions is relatively stable with a small swing amplitude, which can ensure that the monitoring device accurately detects defects such as damage, wear, and broken wires of the towing rope 5; the full-magnetic technology monitoring device should be fixed in a suspended manner to prevent the towing rope 5 from shaking in the probe and ensure the stability and accuracy of the detection signal; if there is a detection dead zone, it is recommended to use the multi-point detection method to ensure that the entire state of the towing rope 5 can be effectively monitored; the full-magnetic technology monitoring device should be far away from heat sources, magnetic sources, and other instruments with strong magnetic field interference to avoid affecting the monitoring results. The lateral pressure type tension sensor is used to measure the tension of the steel wire rope. It detects the tiny deformation when the steel wire rope is stressed and converts it into an electrical signal to display the tension value of the steel wire rope in real time. This sensor is generally installed at the fixed end of the steel wire rope and can measure the tension stably for a long time; the full-magnetic technology monitoring device focuses on the health status of the steel wire rope, while the lateral pressure type tension sensor focuses on the stress condition of the steel wire rope. The combination of the two can comprehensively evaluate the safety of the steel wire rope. For example, when the steel wire rope is damaged, the tension sensor can monitor the stress change in real time and discover potential safety hazards in time. The full-magnetic technology monitoring device can detect the damage of the steel wire rope in real time and feedback the result to the monitoring center through the data transmission system. The lateral pressure type tension sensor can monitor the tension change in real time and give an early warning when the tension is abnormal. The combination of the two can provide more comprehensive protection for the safe operation of the transportation system. By monitoring the tension and health status of the steel wire rope, the operator can adjust the operating parameters of the winch according to the real-time data, optimize the transportation process, and extend the service life of the steel wire rope. Through the combination of the lateral pressure type tension sensor and the full-magnetic technology monitoring device, the large-inclination long pilot tunnel rail transit system can more comprehensively ensure the safe operation of the steel wire rope, reduce safety accidents caused by steel wire rope failures, and improve transportation efficiency and reliability.

[0053] Furthermore, as Figures 1-8As shown in the figure, the power device 1 is a 25t-class winch, which is fixedly installed on the ground hole platform 11 outside the tunnel anchor hole; the bogie 2 includes a steel pipe column 21 perpendicular to the ground, a steering wheel 22 arranged at the top of the steel pipe column 21, and a diagonal brace 23 arranged between the side of the top of the steel pipe column 21 and the ground; the towing rope 5 uses a φ32-6×37S+FC steel wire rope, one end passes through the steering wheel 22 of the bogie 2 and the pulley at the front end of the transport flat car 4 to form a "walk 2" layout by walking back and forth, and the other end is coiled into the winch; the winch provides traction force through the steel wire rope to drive the transport flat car 4 to move along the rail 3; the winch is equipped with a braking system, which can quickly stop the movement of the transport flat car when needed to ensure the safety of the transport process.

[0054] Further, as Figures 1-8 shown, the steel pipe column 21 is used to support the steering wheel 22 and the diagonal brace 23, and its bottom is fixed on the top of the ground pile foundation platform 12 through anchor bolts to ensure its stability; the steering wheel 22 is used to guide the direction of the steel wire rope; the steering wheel 22 is made of high-strength material, which can withstand the high tension of the steel wire rope during traction and is installed on the steel pipe column 21 through bearings to ensure its flexible rotation; the diagonal brace 23 is used to enhance the stability of the bogie 2 and prevent the bogie 2 from tipping due to external forces during traction; the diagonal brace 23 is made of high-strength steel and is fixed on the steel pipe column 21 and the ground by welding or bolt connection.

[0055] Further, as Figures 1-8 shown, the rail 3 is laid along the inclined direction of the tunnel anchor hole and runs through the entire tunnel anchor hole to provide an operating track for the transport flat car 4; the rail 3 is made of high-strength steel to ensure its stability and reliability under large inclination angles and heavy loads; the rail 3 is fixed on the bottom plate of the tunnel anchor hole through embedded bolts 31, and travel limit switches are installed at both ends of the track to prevent the transport flat car from exceeding the predetermined operating range; a broken wire sensor is provided on the towing rope 5 to ensure safety during the transport process.

[0056] Further, as Figures 1-8 shown, the transport flat car 4 is used to carry the cable saddle 200, and the transport flat car 4 is installed on the rail 3 in the tunnel anchor hole; the transport flat car 4 includes an inverted triangular steel frame 41, a pulley 42 arranged at one end of the inverted triangular steel frame 41 close to the bogie 2, and a number of anchoring points arranged on the top of the inverted triangular steel frame 41 for fixing the cable saddle 200; the inverted triangular steel frame 41 includes a horizontal frame body 411, an inclined frame body 412 with the same inclination as the rail 3, and connecting frame bodies 413 arranged in parallel at intervals between the horizontal frame body 411 and the inclined frame body 412.

[0057] Further, as Figures 1-8As shown, the horizontal frame body 411 includes a number of longitudinal beams 4111 and cross beams 4112 arranged in a crisscross pattern; the longitudinal beams 4111 are located below all the cross beams 4112; all the cross beams 4112 are of equal length; the horizontal frame body 411 is parallel to the ground; the inclination angle of the inclined frame body 412 is designed according to the inclination angle of the tunnel anchor hole (such as 22.7°) to ensure that the top surface of the steel frame remains horizontal, and the inclination angle of the inclined frame body 412 is the same as the inclination angle of the rail, so as to ensure that the dispersion saddle 200 is always in a horizontal state during transportation; the pulley 42 is used to connect the towing rope 5; the pulley 42 is made of high-strength materials and is installed on the transport flat car through bearings to ensure its flexible rotation.

[0058] Further, as Figures 1-8 shown, a number of first limit blocks 4113 for restricting the forward displacement of the dispersion saddle are provided at the front end of the horizontal frame body 411; a number of second limit blocks 4114 for restricting the lateral displacement of the dispersion saddle are provided on both sides of the horizontal frame body 411; a number of third limit blocks 4115 for restricting the backward displacement of the dispersion saddle are provided at the rear end of the horizontal frame body 411; among them, the first limit blocks 4113 and the second limit blocks 4114 have the same structure but different arrangement directions; a limit rope 8 is provided between the first limit blocks 4113 and the second limit blocks 4114 and the dispersion saddle 200; the limit rope 8 is preferably a steel wire rope; that is, the first limit blocks 4113 and the second limit blocks 4114 achieve the limit function through a φ28mm anchor steel wire rope + 20t shackle; the third limit blocks 4115 achieve the limit function through bolt connection + steel plate tightening; on-site, at least 3 groups of third limit blocks 4115, 2 groups of first limit blocks 4113 and 2 groups of second limit blocks 4114 are required for temporary limit when sliding the dispersion saddle body; when sliding other goods such as grids, 2 groups of third limit blocks 4115 and 2 groups of first limit blocks 4113 are used for temporary limit.

[0059] Further, as Figures 1-8 shown, a number of rail limit plates 414 are provided below the bottom longitudinal beam of the inclined frame body 412; the rail limit plates 414 are used to install the transport flat car 4 on the rail 3 and prevent derailment during transportation; the rail limit plates 414 are fixed to the bottom of the transport flat car 4 by bolts, and there are reserved screw holes on the upper surface of the track 3, and are locked with the track 3 through a nut group to achieve the limit function and ensure the stable operation of the transport flat car 4 on the rail 3.

[0060] Further, as Figures 1-8As shown in the figure, multiple 1-cm thick hard rubber pads 415 are provided on the cross beam 4112 of the horizontal frame 411; they are used to increase the friction coefficient of the goods on the transport flatbed 4; the hard rubber pads 415 are firmly bonded to the cross beam 4112 of the horizontal frame 411 through special glue; the technical parameters of the hard rubber pads 415 are as follows: the elastic modulus is 150 - 200 Mpa, ensuring that it will not be damaged under a vertical pressure of 30 MPa, and will not be shear-damaged under a horizontal force of 30 t. The maximum vertical compression is 1 - 3 mm. On-site, the parameters of the rubber pads can be appropriately adjusted according to the actual situation and reported to the design for confirmation.

[0061] Furthermore, by setting multiple anchoring points on the transport flatbed 4 to fix the scattered cable saddle, it is ensured that the scattered cable saddle does not displace or tip over during transportation; the anchoring points are connected to the scattered cable saddle by high-strength bolts and can bear the weight of the scattered cable saddle and the inertial force during transportation. Before hoisting each component of the scattered cable saddle, the inclined frame 412 of the transport flatbed 4 should be locked to the track 3 through a bolt group first; when the transport flatbed 4 slides to the designated position, it should be locked to the track 3 through the bolt group in a timely manner; during any stage of the use of the transport flatbed 4, the towing rope 5 and the winch should operate with load to ensure the sliding safety of the transport flatbed 4 and the goods. After each component of the scattered cable saddle is hoisted onto the transport flatbed 4, on-site, it should be safely locked with the first limit block 4113, the second limit block 4114, and the third limit block 4115 at the top of the transport flatbed 4 as soon as possible. If the transport flatbed 4 cannot slide into the tunnel by itself in the initial stage, it can be towed and slid by adding a temporary chain block; on-site, the heavy-load sliding speed of the transport flatbed 4 should be strictly controlled ≤ 5.0 m / min, and the heavy-load sliding speed when the trolley runs near the saddle chamber section should be ≤ 1.0 m / min.

[0062] Furthermore, as Figures 1-8 shown, one end of the rail 3 extends out of the tunnel anchor hole; a support 6 is provided between the bottom of the extended part of the rail 3 and the ground; the support 6 includes an inclined support beam 61 that fits the bottom of the track 3 and several vertically supporting columns 62 with gradually changing heights perpendicular to the ground and arranged between the inclined support beam 61 and the ground.

[0063] The large-inclination long-lead tunnel rail transportation system of the present invention shows significant superiority in terms of construction safety, transportation efficiency, installation accuracy, equipment life, and construction risk control. This system is particularly suitable for the transportation tasks in the tunnel anchor with a large inclination angle and long distance, can effectively solve many problems existing in traditional transportation methods, and has broad application prospects and significant economic benefits.

[0064] As Figure 9 shown, the second aspect of the present invention provides a large-inclination long-lead tunnel rail transportation method based on real-time safety monitoring, which is realized through the above large-inclination long-lead tunnel rail transportation system and includes the following steps:

[0065] S1: Install the power unit 1 and the bogie 2 at the construction site in sequence according to the requirements, lay the steel rail 3, install the transport flat car 4 on the steel rail 3, and arrange the towing rope 5 between the power unit 1, the bogie 2 and the transport flat car 4 according to the setting requirements;

[0066] S2: Install side pressure type tension sensors at the two fixed ends of the towing rope 5 respectively, and install a full magnetic technology monitoring device on the running path of the towing rope 5;

[0067] S3: Hoist each component of the cable saddle 200 onto the transport flat car 4, and perform safety locking through the first limit block 4113, the second limit block 4114 and the third limit block 4115 on the top of the transport flat car;

[0068] S4: When the transport flat car 4 slides to the designated position, lock the inclined frame body 412 of the transport flat car 4 on the steel rail 3 through the bolt group; Check whether the connections of the towing rope 5, the steel rail 3, the transport flat car 4, the bogie 2 and the power unit 1 are firm, and confirm that the safety monitoring unit is working properly;

[0069] S5: Start the power unit 1, provide traction force through the towing rope 5, and drive the transport flat car 4 to move along the steel rail 3; During the movement of the transport flat car 4, the tension of the towing rope 5 is monitored in real time through the side pressure type tension sensor, and the data is transmitted to the monitoring device; The health status of the towing rope 5 is monitored in real time through the full magnetic technology monitoring device to ensure the safe use of the towing rope; Strictly control the heavy-load sliding speed of the transport flat car to ensure that its sliding speed in the tunnel anchor hole does not exceed 5.0 m / min, and the heavy-load sliding speed when the trolley runs near the saddle chamber section does not exceed 1.0 m / min; If the transport flat car cannot slide into the hole by itself in the initial stage, a temporary chain hoist can be added for dragging and sliding;

[0070] S6: After the transport flat car 4 reaches the designated position in the tunnel anchor hole, the power unit 1 brakes and stops the transportation; Unload the cable saddle 200 from the transport flat car 4 through the cable saddle gantry 7 and hoist it to the designated position;

[0071] S7: Slide the transport flat car 4 back to the initial position through the power unit 1 to prepare for the next transportation operation.

[0072] Through the above steps, the large-inclination long pilot tunnel rail transportation system can efficiently and safely complete the transportation task of the cable saddle, ensuring the smooth progress of the construction process.

[0073] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail transportation system for large inclined long pilot tunnels based on real-time safety monitoring, characterized in that: It includes a power device (1) installed outside the tunnel anchor (100), a bogie (2) installed at the entrance of the tunnel anchor, two steel rails (3) laid in parallel at intervals along the inclined direction of the tunnel anchor hole, a transport flat car (4) installed on the steel rails (3) in the tunnel anchor, a towing rope (5) for providing traction for the power device (1) to drive the transport flat car (4) to move along the steel rails (3), and a safety monitoring unit for evaluating the safety of the towing rope (5) in real time; wherein, One end of the towing rope (5) is connected to the transport flat car (4) through the bogie (2), and the other end is connected to the power device (1); the entry angle of the towing rope (5) is adjusted through the bogie (2) to ensure that the towing rope (5) can smoothly guide the transport flat car (4) into the tunnel anchor hole; The safety monitoring unit includes a lateral pressure sensor for monitoring the tension of the towing rope (5) in real time, a full magnetic technology monitoring device for monitoring the health status of the steel wire rope in real time, and a monitoring device connected to the lateral pressure sensor and the full magnetic technology monitoring device; the tension of the towing rope (5) is monitored in real time by the lateral pressure sensor and transmitted to the monitoring device, and a warning is issued when the tension of the towing rope (5) is abnormal; the health status of the towing rope (5) is monitored in real time by the full magnetic technology monitoring device and transmitted to the monitoring device to ensure the safe use of the towing rope (5); The towing rope (5) provides traction for the power device (1) to drive the transport flat car (4) to move along the steel rails (3); realizing the safe entry and efficient transportation of the dispersion saddle (200) under the condition of a large inclined long pilot tunnel.

2. The rail transit system for large inclined long pilot tunnels based on real-time safety monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the two fixed ends of the towing rope (5); The full magnetic technology monitoring device is installed on the running path of the towing rope (5).

3. A rail transit system for large inclined long pilot tunnels based on real-time safety monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bogie (2) includes a steel pipe column (21) arranged perpendicular to the ground, a steering wheel (22) arranged at the top of the steel pipe column (21), and a diagonal brace (23) arranged between the side of the top of the steel pipe column (21) and the ground.

4. A rail transportation system for large inclined long pilot tunnels based on real-time safety monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport flat car (4) includes an inverted triangular steel frame (41), a pulley (42) arranged at one end of the inverted triangular steel frame (41) close to the bogie (2), and a plurality of anchoring points arranged on the top of the inverted triangular steel frame (41) for fixing the dispersion saddle (200).

5. The rail transit system for large inclined long pilot tunnels based on real-time safety monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inverted triangular steel frame (41) includes a horizontal frame body (411), an inclined frame body (412) with the same inclination as the steel rail (3), and connecting frame bodies (413) arranged in parallel at intervals between the horizontal frame body (411) and the inclined frame body (412); The horizontal frame body (411) is parallel to the ground; The inclination angle of the inclined frame body (412) is the same as the inclination angle of the steel rail (3).

6. The rail transit system for large inclined long pilot tunnels based on real-time safety monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that: A number of first limit blocks (4113) for restricting the forward displacement of the cable saddle are provided at the front end of the horizontal frame body (411); a number of second limit blocks (4114) for restricting the lateral displacement of the cable saddle are respectively provided on two side surfaces of the horizontal frame body (411); a number of third limit blocks (4115) for restricting the backward displacement of the cable saddle are provided at the rear end of the horizontal frame body (411); wherein, The first limit block (4113) and the second limit block (4114) have the same structure but different arrangement directions; a limit rope (8) is provided between the first limit block (4113), the second limit block (4114) and the cable saddle (200).

7. A rail transportation system for large inclined long pilot tunnels based on real-time safety monitoring according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A number of rail limit plates (414) are provided below the bottom longitudinal beam of the inclined frame body (412); A plurality of hard rubber pads (415) are provided on the cross beam (4112) of the horizontal frame body (411).

8. A rail transportation system for large inclined long pilot tunnels based on real-time safety monitoring according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: One end of the rail (3) extends out of the tunnel anchor hole; a bracket (6) is provided between the bottom of the extended part of the rail (3) and the ground; the bracket (6) includes an inclined support beam (61) arranged in a fitting manner with the bottom of the rail (3) and a number of vertically supporting columns (62) with gradually changing heights arranged perpendicular to the ground between the inclined support beam (61) and the ground.

9. A rail transportation method for large inclined long pilot tunnels based on real-time safety monitoring, characterized in that, It is realized by applying the large-inclination long pilot tunnel track transportation system as described in any one of claims 1-8, including the following steps: S1: Install the power device (1), the bogie (2) at the construction site in sequence according to the requirements, lay the rail (3), install the transport flat car (4) on the rail (3), and arrange the towing rope (5) between the power device (1), the bogie (2) and the transport flat car (4) according to the setting requirements; S2: Install side pressure type tension sensors at two fixed ends of the towing rope (5) respectively, and install a full magnetic technology monitoring device on the running path of the towing rope (5); S3: Hoist each component of the cable saddle (200) onto the transport flat car (4), and perform safety locking through the first limit block (4113), the second limit block (4114) and the third limit block (4115) on the top of the transport flat car; S4: When the transport flat car (4) slides to the designated position, lock the inclined frame body (412) of the transport flat car (4) on the rail (3) through a bolt group; check whether the connections of the towing rope (5), the rail (3), the transport flat car (4), the bogie (2) and the power device (1) are firm to ensure the normal operation of the safety monitoring unit; S5: Start the power device (1), provide traction force through the towing rope (5), and drive the transport flat car (4) to move along the rail (3); during the movement of the transport flat car (4), the tension of the towing rope (5) is monitored in real time through the side pressure type tension sensor and the data is transmitted to the monitoring device; the health state of the towing rope (5) is monitored in real time through the full magnetic technology monitoring device to ensure the safe use of the towing rope; S6: After the transport flat car (4) reaches the designated position in the tunnel anchor hole, control the power device (1) to brake and stop the transportation; unload the cable saddle (200) from the transport flat car (4) through the cable saddle gantry (7) and hoist it to the designated position; S7: Slide the transport flat car (4) back to its initial position by the power device (1) to prepare for the next transportation operation.

10. A method for rail transportation in a large inclined long pilot tunnel based on real-time safety monitoring according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step S5 also includes controlling the heavy-load sliding speed of the transport flat car (4) to ensure that its sliding speed in the tunnel anchor hole does not exceed 5.0 m / min, and the heavy-load sliding speed when the transport flat car (4) runs near the saddle chamber section does not exceed 1.0 m / min.

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