Water distribution head based on 3D printing and fluidized bed reaction device comprising water distribution head

Abstract

The invention discloses a water distribution head based on 3D printing and a fluidized bed reaction device comprising the water distribution head, and belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment. The water distribution head is formed in a 3D printing mode and comprises a water distribution head body and a movable flow guide piece. A water inlet channel is arranged in a mounting connecting column body of the water distribution head main body, and a hybrid cavity communicated with the water inlet channel is arranged in the upper structure body; the upper structural body is of a curved-surface conical structure, and a generatrix is an inward concave arc with an outward arc opening; the movable flow guide piece is of a cover body structure, and the top of the cavity is provided with a protruding structure. The water distribution head adopts a pressure bin type, and the curved-surface conical structure of the water distribution head enables a water body of jet water flow to be uniformly distributed, so that the flow distribution speed is more controllable, stable and efficient fluidization of supporter particles is realized, and the particle fluidization has periodicity; and the embedding of the movable flow directors avoids the problem that catalytic solid supporter particles are backmixed to enter and block the internal pipeline of the water distribution head in the fluidized bed reaction process, so that the long-acting operation capability of the fluidized bed reactor is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a 3D printed water distribution head and a fluidized bed reaction device comprising the water distribution head. Background Art

[0002] Based on the mechanism of induced heterogeneous crystallization, the crystallization fluidized bed utilizes the form of a fluidized bed reactor, and through the addition of chemical agents, the components to be removed are heterogeneously nucleated and precipitated on the surface of the induced seed crystals, thereby achieving efficient wastewater treatment. The crystallization granulation fluidized bed has the advantages of continuous reaction process, strong anti-shock load capacity, simple operation, and no by-products. Therefore, the heterogeneous catalytic crystallization granulation fluidized bed has shown good application prospects in the treatment of heavy metal wastewater, the treatment of organic wastewater in combination with the Fenton reaction, and fluidized granulation.

[0003] Generally, granular solid fillers with a density greater than that of water are pre-filled at the bottom of the crystallization granulation fluidized bed as induced seed crystals. The wastewater to be treated enters the interior of the fluidized bed from the water distribution head or water distribution holes at the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor at a certain flow rate, so that the carrier forms a fully fluidized state in the fluidized bed reactor at a certain expansion height. The water distribution head provided at the bottom of the fluidized bed plays a role in water distribution on the one hand and also has the role of supporting the seed crystal filler on the other hand. In order to avoid the leakage of the seed crystal filler, the pore diameter of the porous plate and the gap of the water cap are generally very small, and it is easy to block the water distribution device when treating wastewater containing suspended solids or when flocs are produced due to chemical reactions, resulting in a decrease in the fluidization rate of the filler in the fluidized bed and the occurrence of short-circuit flow, channel flow, dead zones, etc. in the reaction zone; furthermore, due to the unreasonable design and operating parameters of the fluidized bed reactor, a large number of carrier particles will fall into the pipeline, resulting in a decrease in the water distribution uniformity and the stoppage of operation. There are often seed crystal filler particles that are not fully fluidized around the pipe wall near the water distribution head, which affects the utilization efficiency of the seed crystals. Therefore, the present invention provides a new water distribution head that can avoid blocking of the water distribution device and improve the utilization efficiency of the carrier particles in the fluidized bed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a 3D printed water distribution head and a fluidized bed reaction device comprising the water distribution head.

[0005] The 3D printed water distribution head disclosed by the present invention is formed by 3D printing and comprises: The cloth water head main body includes an installation connection column body and an upper structure body connected in sequence from bottom to top. An inlet channel is provided in the installation connection column body, and the water inlet of the inlet channel is located at the bottom or side wall of the installation connection column body. The upper structure body has a hybrid cavity inside. The bottom of the hybrid cavity is communicated with the inlet channel. A plurality of water outlet channels communicated with the hybrid cavity are evenly arranged on the inner side wall of the hybrid cavity of the upper structure body. The water outlet channels are inclined and the water outlets are located at the lower ends of the water outlet channels. The upper structure body is a curved conical structure with diameters increasing sequentially from the top to the bottom, and the generatrix of the curved conical structure is an inward concave arc with the arc opening facing outward. The movable diversion element is a cover body structure, and a convex structure protruding into the cavity is provided at the top of the cavity of the cover body structure. The movable diversion element is located in the hybrid cavity and above the inlet channel. When the inlet channel is not flowing water, the movable diversion element covers the inlet channel, and the side wall of the movable diversion element cuts off the connection between the inlet channel and each water outlet channel. When the inlet channel is flowing water, the movable diversion element moves upward under the impact of the water flow, the inlet channel is communicated with the water outlet channel, and the water entering the inlet channel enters each water outlet pipe through the cavity formed by the inner wall of the movable diversion element and the inner wall of the hybrid cavity.

[0006] Preferably, the curved conical structure is formed by rotating a concave arc segment of a parabola, a circle or an ellipse around the central axis.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of limiting protrusions are arranged on the outer circumference of the movable diversion element, and longitudinal guide grooves adapted to the limiting protrusions are provided in the hybrid cavity. The limiting protrusions are slidably connected in the longitudinal guide grooves.

[0008] Preferably, a receiving groove is provided in the hybrid cavity, and a limiting convex ring is provided on the inner wall of the movable diversion element. When the movable diversion element covers the inlet channel, the limiting convex ring is located in the receiving groove.

[0009] Preferably, the material of the movable diversion element is determined according to the material of the cloth water head main body. The density of the material of the movable diversion element is less than or equal to 2500 kg / m 3 , and the hardness of the material of the movable diversion element is less than or equal to that of the cloth water head main body.

[0010] Preferably, the central axes of the hybrid cavity, the movable diversion element and the inlet channel all coincide with the central axis of the upper structure body and the installation connection column body.

[0011] Preferably, the connection part between the hybrid cavity and the outlet of the inlet channel is a trumpet-shaped transition area, and the size of the trumpet-shaped transition area increases sequentially from the outlet of the inlet channel to the direction of the hybrid cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the included angle between the water outlet channel and the central axis of the cloth water head is greater than or equal to 15° and less than or equal to 60°.

[0013] Preferably, mounting grooves are evenly arranged on the side wall of the upper structure body. Two adjacent water distribution heads are connected by a positioning plate, and two ends of the positioning plate are respectively clamped in the mounting grooves on the side wall of the respective upper structure body.

[0014] The invention also discloses a fluidized bed reaction device with a water distribution head based on 3D printing, which includes a shell and a horizontal partition plate located inside the shell. A plurality of the water distribution heads are arranged in an array on the horizontal partition plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: The water distribution head of the fluidized bed is formed by 3D printing technology in the invention. A mixing cavity is provided in the main body of the water distribution head of the invention, and a movable flow guide is arranged in the mixing cavity. The movable flow guide of the invention moves upward under the impact of water flow when water enters, so that the water inlet channel is communicated with the water outlet channel; when water does not enter, it covers the water inlet channel, so that the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel are isolated, preventing the carrier from entering the water distribution head and affecting the water distribution uniformity or blocking the water inlet channel; at the same time, in the invention, the upper structure body is a curved conical structure with diameters gradually increasing from top to bottom, and the generatrix of the curved conical structure is an inward concave arc with the arc opening facing outward. The flow field is optimized through specific geometric constraints, avoiding the problem that there are often seed filler particles that cannot be fully fluidized around the pipe wall near the water distribution head, which affects the utilization efficiency of the carrier particles.

[0016] The method of forming the water distribution head by 3D printing technology in the invention can meet the high adaptation requirements of fluidized bed reactors under various conditions. The water distribution head designed in the invention solves the problem that the carrier and reaction products of the fluidized bed block the water distribution head pipeline under the action of backwashing water distribution and self-locking of the movable flow guide, so that the water distribution head has better durability. The invention adopts the method of water inlet through a pressure chamber, weakening the imbalance of water volume of each water distribution head and greatly improving the overall water distribution uniformity. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is the nut-fixed water distribution head of the embodiment of the invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is the top view of the nut-fixed water distribution head of the embodiment of the invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is the bottom view of the nut-fixed water distribution head of the embodiment of the invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is the exploded view of the nut-fixed water distribution head with the water inlet at the bottom of the embodiment of the invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is the exploded view of the nut-fixed water distribution head with the water inlet on the side wall of the embodiment of the invention.

[0022] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the positioning of two adjacent nut-fixed water distributors according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of a threaded connection type water distributor according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 Exploded view of a threaded connection type water distributor with the water inlet at the bottom according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 Exploded view of a threaded connection type water distributor with the water inlet on the side wall according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a hybrid chamber according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of a movable flow guide according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the movable flow guide and the hybrid chamber when the water flow works according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the movable flow guide and the hybrid chamber when the water flow stops according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the outer contour curve of the upper structure according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of a water distributor with the water inlet at the bottom or on the side according to the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of a water distributor with the water inlet at the bottom and on the side according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 17 Top view of the arrangement structure of a water distributor according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 18 Bottom view of the arrangement structure of a water distributor according to the embodiments of the present invention Figure 19 Modeling analysis diagram designed for multiple fluid flow chambers.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Main body of water distribution head; 2. Installation and connection column; 3. Upper structure; 4. Water inlet channel; 5. Hybrid chamber; 6. Water outlet channel; 7. Water outlet; 8. Movable deflector; 9. Longitudinal guide groove; 10. Limit projection; 11. Receiving groove; 12. Limit convex ring; 14. Installation groove; 15. Positioning plate; 16. Rubber ring embedding groove; 17. Nut; 18. Water inlet; 19. Pressure relief ring; 20. Top projection; 21. Shell; 22. Installation plate; 23. First horizontal partition; 24. Second horizontal partition. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meanings as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains. The "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present disclosure do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the elements or items appearing before "including" or "comprising" cover the elements or items listed after "including" or "comprising" and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. The terms such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationships may also change accordingly.

[0037] As Figure 1-19As shown, the water distribution head disclosed in this embodiment is formed by 3D printing, including a water distribution head main body 1. The 3D printing material of the water distribution head main body 1 is corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistant, and can be, but is not limited to, PC polycarbonate, PP polypropylene, or PA nylon as the 3D printing material. The water distribution head main body 1 is printed by a printing method with a filling density of 80%-100% during 3D printing. The water distribution head main body 1 includes an installation connection column 2 and an upper structure body 3 connected in sequence from bottom to top. An inlet channel 4 is provided in the installation connection column 2, and the water inlet 18 of the inlet channel 4 is located at the bottom or side wall of the installation connection column 2. An internal mixing cavity 5 is provided in the upper structure body 3, and the bottom of the mixing cavity 5 is communicated with the inlet channel 4. As a more preferred method, the connection part between the bottom of the mixing cavity 5 and the outlet of the inlet channel 4 is a trumpet-shaped transition area, and the size of the trumpet-shaped transition area increases in sequence from the outlet of the inlet channel 4 to the direction of the mixing cavity 5. A plurality of water outlet channels 6 communicated with the mixing cavity 5 are also provided on the inner side wall of the mixing cavity 5 of the upper structure body 3. The water outlet channels 6 are inclined and the water outlet 7 is located at the lower end of the water outlet channel 6. The upper structure body 3 of this embodiment is a curved surface cone structure with a diameter increasing in sequence from the top to the bottom, and the generatrix of the curved surface cone structure is an inward concave arc with an arc opening outward. The centrifugal force field generated by the concave surface formed by the inward concave arc satisfies the pressure gradient equation: ∂p / ∂r = ρ(v_θ²) / r - ρ(dv_θ / dt). When the radius of curvature r decreases, the pressure gradient increases, forming a centripetal pressure compensation. The flow vorticity generated by the concave surface is small, which can effectively suppress secondary flow. This embodiment realizes the optimization of the flow field through specific geometric constraints. For the convenience of installation, an external thread is provided on the installation connection column 2, and a nut 17 is provided on the external thread section. To improve the sealing performance, during installation, a rubber ring embedding groove 16 can be designed at the bottom of the upper structure body 3, and a rubber ring is embedded in the rubber ring embedding groove 16, or a water stop gasket can be sleeved on the installation connection column 2.

[0038] The movable flow deflector 8 is of a cover structure, and a convex structure is provided at the top of the chamber of the cover structure. The movable flow deflector 8 is located in the hybrid chamber 5 and above the water inlet passage 4. When the water inlet passage 4 is not in water inlet, the movable flow deflector 8 covers the water inlet passage 4, and the side wall of the movable flow deflector 8 cuts off the connection between the water inlet passage 4 and each water outlet passage 6, preventing carrier particles (fluidized particles) from entering the water inlet passage 4 and blocking the water inlet passage 4. When the water inlet passage 4 is in water inlet, the movable flow deflector 8 moves upward under the impact of water flow, so that water can smoothly enter the hybrid chamber 5 and then enter the water outlet passage 6. In this embodiment, the movable flow deflector 8 is stably fixed at the upper part of the hybrid chamber 5 under the water flow pressure, and after being fixed, the lower part structure of the movable flow deflector 8 and the hybrid chamber 5 form a stable flow guiding channel. Water enters this flow guiding channel through the water inlet passage 4 and is then guided to each water outlet passage 6. Under the action of continuous water flow, the movable flow deflector 8 will be relatively fixed at the upper part of the hybrid chamber 5, and when the water flow impacts the surface of the arc-shaped flow disturbing element, the water flow will evenly flow out from an even number of water outlet passages 6, playing the role of homogenizing the water flow and avoiding the interrupted flow and eddy current caused by the structure of the hybrid chamber 5.

[0039] In this embodiment, the movable flow deflector 8 includes a conical cover body and a circular tube structure located under the conical cover body. A limiting protrusion 10 is provided on the side wall of the circular tube structure, and pressure relief rings 19 are provided on both the upper side and the lower side of the limiting protrusion 10 to facilitate the return of the movable flow deflector 8. A groove is also provided at the top of the movable flow deflector 8, and the groove is recessed downward to form a top protrusion 20 at the top of the movable flow deflector 8.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, the curved conical structure in this embodiment is formed by rotating a concave arc segment of a parabola, a circle or an ellipse around the central axis. Among them, a circular bus is preferably selected for high-precision flow field control;

[0041] An elliptical bus is recommended for large-flow anti-accumulation scenarios; a parabolic bus can be used for multi-applicable solutions to adapt to most scenarios.

[0042] More specifically, when the bus of the curved conical structure is a parabola, the rotation radius is set as R, limited by the x-axis and y-axis. The focal length of the parabola with an upward opening is f, and the vertex is located at (-R, 0) or (R, 0), and the focus is located at (-R, f) or (R, f). Make a parabola, and take the intercept line in the first or second quadrant of the x-axis and y-axis as the bus and rotate it 360 degrees to form the outer concave surface of the upper structure. As a preferred method, the ratio of f to R is 0.1 to 0.2, and more preferably f:R = 0.1 or 0.2.

[0043] When the generatrix of the curved surface conical structure is an ellipse, set the rotation radius as R, limited by the x-axis and y-axis. The ellipse is entirely within the second or first quadrant, with the major radius being r1 and the minor radius being r2, and R = r2. Construct two ellipses with vertices (-r2, 0), (0, r1) or (r2, 0), (0, r1). Take the intercept line within the first or second quadrant of the x-axis and y-axis as the generatrix and rotate it 360 degrees around the y-axis to form the outer concave surface of the upper structure. The ratio of r1:r2 is 1 - 2, preferably 1, 2 (when r1:r2 is 1, it is circular). Set the rotation radius as R, limited by the x-axis and y-axis. The ellipse is entirely within the second or first quadrant, with the major radius being r1 and the minor radius being r2, and R = r1. Construct two ellipses with vertices (-r1, 0), (0, r2) or (r1, 0), (0, r2). Take the intercept line within the first or second quadrant of the x-axis and y-axis as the generatrix and rotate it 360 degrees around the y-axis to form the outer concave surface of the upper structure. The ratio of r1:r2 is 1 - 2, preferably 1, 2 (when r1:r2 is 1, it is circular.)

[0044] When the generatrix of the curved surface conical structure is a circle, set the rotation radius as R, limited by the x-axis and y-axis. The circle is entirely within the second or first quadrant, with the radius being r, and construct a circle with the center at (-r, r) or (r, r). The ratio of r:R is 0.5 to 1. Preferably, the ratio of r:R is 0.5, 1.

[0045] As another preferred embodiment, a plurality of limiting protrusions 10 are circumferentially arranged on the outside of the movable flow deflector 8, a longitudinal guide groove 9 adapted to the limiting protrusions 10 is provided in the hybrid cavity 5, and the limiting protrusions 10 are slidably connected in the longitudinal guide groove 9.

[0046] As another preferred embodiment, a receiving groove 11 is provided in the hybrid cavity 5, and a limiting convex ring 12 is provided on the inner wall of the movable flow deflector 8. When the movable flow deflector 8 covers the water inlet passage 4, the limiting convex ring 12 is located in the receiving groove 11.

[0047] Preferably, the material of the movable flow deflector 8 is determined according to the main body material, and the density of the material of the movable flow deflector 8 should be less than or equal to 2500 kg / m 3 , and the hardness density of the hybrid flow deflector material should be less than or equivalent to the main body material of the cloth water head printing. In this embodiment, the purpose of the density and hardness of the movable flow deflector 8 corresponding to the main body material is to control the hardness of the cloth water head member to be greater than that of the movable flow deflector 8, so that the cloth water head main body 1 is not easily damaged by the mechanical movement of the movable flow deflector 8 during long-term operation. And it avoids the problem that too large a density will cause the direct impact water flow to be difficult to lift the movable flow deflector 8 and relatively fix it at the top of the hybrid cavity 5.

[0048] As another preferred embodiment, the central axes of the hybrid chamber 5 and the water inlet passage 4 coincide with the central axis of the upper structure 3 and the mounting connection column 2. In this embodiment, the purpose of arranging the hybrid chamber 5 on the central axis is that in the case of water flow at the inclined tube inlet or the straight tube inlet, the continuous water flow that impacts the movable deflector 8 can directly lift the movable deflector 8 and relatively fix it in the upper part of the hybrid chamber 5 under the diversion of the water inlet passage 4.

[0049] As another preferred embodiment, the number of the water outlet 7 on the side wall of the upper structure 3 is an even number, set to 2 - 8, and arranged in a circumferential symmetry. Compared with the arrangement of the water outlet 7 with an odd number or an asymmetric distribution, the symmetric even number of water outlets 7 can make the water flow rate and velocity of each water outlet 7 more uniform under the action of the turbulator.

[0050] As another preferred embodiment, the included angle between the water outlet passage 6 and the central axis of the water distribution head is greater than or equal to 15° and less than or equal to 60°.

[0051] As another preferred embodiment, mounting grooves 14 are evenly arranged on the side wall of the upper structure 3. Adjacent water distribution heads are connected by a positioning plate 15, and both ends of the positioning plate 15 are respectively clamped in the mounting grooves 14 on the side wall of the respective upper structure 3.

[0052] As another preferred embodiment, a rubber ring embedding groove 16 is arranged at the bottom of the upper structure 3 for placing a water stop rubber ring.

[0053] The present invention also discloses a fluidized bed reaction device with a water distribution head based on 3D printing, including a housing 21 and a horizontal partition located inside the housing 21. A plurality of the water distribution heads are arranged in an array on the horizontal partition. More specifically, since the water inlet 18 of the water distribution head in this embodiment is a straight tube water distribution head when it is located at the bottom, and the water inlet 18 of the water distribution head is an inclined tube mounting water distribution head when it is located on the side wall. When a single inclined tube mounting water distribution head or a single straight tube water distribution head is installed in the fluidized bed reaction device, the fluidized bed reaction device includes a housing 21 and a mounting plate 22 located inside the housing 21. A single inclined tube mounting water distribution head or a single straight tube water distribution head is arranged in an array on the mounting plate 22, specifically realized by clamping the positioning plate 15 in the mounting grooves 14 on two adjacent water distribution heads. As an example, 6 mounting grooves 14 are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the upper structure 3 of each water distribution head, then the outer periphery of this water distribution head is connected with 6 water distribution heads through the positioning plate 15. Of course, the number of the mounting grooves 14 can also be 3, 4, 8, etc.

[0054] When a double-combination water distribution head including an inclined-tube water distribution head and a straight-tube water distribution head is installed in the fluidized bed reaction device, the fluidized bed reaction device includes a housing 21 and a first horizontal partition 23 and a second horizontal partition 24 disposed in the housing 21. The first horizontal partition 23 is located above the second horizontal partition 24. A fluidization zone is formed between the first horizontal partition 23 and the top of the housing 21, and an upper pressure water inlet chamber is formed between the first horizontal partition 23 and the second horizontal partition 24. A lower pressure water inlet chamber is formed between the second horizontal partition 24 and the bottom of the housing 21. Installation holes for installing the water distribution head are provided on both the first horizontal partition 23 and the second horizontal partition 24. The upper structure body 3 of the water distribution head main body 1 is located above the first horizontal partition 23, and the lower end of the installation connection column body 2 penetrates below the second horizontal partition 24. When the water inlet 18 is located on the side wall of the installation connection column body 2, the water inlet 18 is located in the upper pressure water inlet chamber formed between the first horizontal partition 23 and the second horizontal partition 24.

[0055] In this embodiment, the inclined-tube water distribution head is connected to the upper pressure water inlet chamber, and the straight-tube water distribution head is connected to the lower pressure water inlet chamber. The water inlet of the lower pressure water inlet chamber connected to the straight-tube water distribution head is generally the pretreated raw sewage water, and the water inlet of the upper pressure water inlet chamber connected to the inclined-tube water distribution head is generally the upper part of the water outlet return water that has been treated by the fluidized bed once.

[0056] Based on the hydrodynamic simulation analysis, this embodiment also conducts multi-condition comparison and optimization on the structural design of the upper structure body 3, the mixing cavity 5, and the movable flow guide 8 of the water distribution head. When water enters in this embodiment, the inner cavity of the movable flow guide 8, the mixing cavity 5, the water outlet channel 6, and the water inlet channel 4 together form a fluid flow cavity. In this embodiment, the fluid flow cavities of seven top shapes (hemispherical, semi-concave spherical, semi-ellipsoidal, semi-concave ellipsoidal, frustum-shaped, concave frustum-shaped, circular planar) are modeled by Ansys-Fluent software. The fluid volume is controlled to be 31808.6 mm³. The Realizable k-ε turbulence model and the standard wall function are adopted, and unified boundary conditions (inlet velocity 1 m / s, turbulence intensity 5%, outlet return intensity 5%) are set. The following conclusions are obtained through simulation: When the fluid in various shaped cavities impacts the top, a central dead zone is formed, resulting in uneven velocity distribution and significant fluctuations at the water outlet 7; The concave surface structures of the semi-concave spherical and semi-concave ellipsoidal types reduce the efficiency of the water flow dispersion along the wall surface, and local high-velocity regions coexist with the dead zone; After the water flow impacts the hemispherical and semi-ellipsoidal types, the path is circuitous, extending the distance from the impact wall surface to the water outlet channel; The flat top of the frustum-shaped type causes the jet energy to dissipate too quickly, and the stability of the outlet velocity is poor; The concave surface design of the concave frustum-shaped type increases the reverse eddy current of the water flow, and the local turbulence intensity exceeds the standard; The completely planar structure of the circular planar type causes the jet to be directly reflected, with a significant central dead zone and an extremely uneven velocity field. In response to the above problems, Figure 19i achieves performance breakthroughs through the following innovative designs: 1. Top protrusion design: Micro protrusions are added to the top of the active deflector 8 chamber to effectively disperse the jet impact energy and eliminate the dead zone at the top center; 2. Flow path optimization: The distance from the impact wall surface to the water outlet channel is shortened to reduce energy loss and improve the continuity of the flow velocity channel; 3. Composite curved surface structure: Combining the characteristics of an ellipsoid and a frustum of a cone to balance the water flow diffusion and guiding efficiency and improve the uniformity of the turbulent kinetic energy distribution. The simulation results show that Figure 19 The flow velocity field uniformity of i is significantly better than the comparative design. The dead zone area is reduced to less than 5% (a 90% reduction in the original blue area), and the standard deviation of the outlet flow velocity is reduced from 0.32 m / s in the initial design to 0.08 m / s, improving stability. In addition, its pressure loss is reduced, verifying the comprehensive advantages of the structural optimization. Figure 19 Through structural innovation and flow channel optimization, i systematically solves the defects of traditional designs and performs optimally in terms of dead zone control, flow velocity uniformity, and energy efficiency, providing a reliable basis for the high-performance design of the water distribution head.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cloth water head based on 3D printing, characterized in that, Formed by 3D printing, including: The water distribution head body includes an installation connection cylinder and an upper structure connected in sequence from bottom to top. An inlet channel is provided in the installation connection cylinder, and the water inlet of the inlet channel is located at the bottom or side wall of the installation connection cylinder. The upper structure has a mixing cavity inside, and the bottom of the mixing cavity is communicated with the inlet channel. A plurality of water outlet channels communicated with the mixing cavity are evenly arranged on the inner side wall of the mixing cavity of the upper structure. The water outlet channels are inclined and the water outlet is located at the lower end of the water outlet channel. The upper structure is a curved conical structure with diameters increasing sequentially from the top to the bottom, and the generatrix of the curved conical structure is an inward concave arc with the arc opening outward. The movable flow guide is a cover structure, and a convex structure protruding into the chamber is provided at the top of the chamber of the cover structure. The movable flow guide is located in the mixing cavity and above the inlet channel. When the inlet channel does not intake water, the movable flow guide covers the inlet channel, and the side wall of the movable flow guide cuts off the connection between the inlet channel and each water outlet channel. When the inlet channel intakes water, the movable flow guide moves upward under the impact of water flow, and the inlet channel is communicated with the water outlet channel.

2. The 3D printing-based cloth water head according to claim 1, wherein The curved conical structure is formed by rotating a concave arc segment of a parabola, a circle or an ellipse around the central axis.

3. The 3D printing-based cloth water head according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of limit protrusions are provided along the circumferential direction on the outside of the movable flow guide, and longitudinal guide grooves adapted to the limit protrusions are provided in the mixing cavity. The limit protrusions are slidably connected in the longitudinal guide grooves.

4. The 3D printing-based cloth water head according to claim 1, wherein A receiving groove is provided in the mixing cavity, and a limit convex ring is provided on the inner wall of the movable flow guide. When the movable flow guide covers the inlet channel, the limit convex ring is located in the receiving groove.

5. The 3D printing-based cloth water head according to claim 1, wherein The material of the movable flow deflector is determined according to the material of the cloth water head main body, and the density of the material of the movable flow deflector is less than or equal to 2500 kg / m 3 , and the hardness of the material of the movable flow deflector is less than or equal to that of the cloth water head main body.

6. The 3D printing-based cloth water head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central axis of the mixing cavity, the movable flow guide and the central axis of the inlet channel coincide with the central axis of the upper structure and the installation connection cylinder.

7. The 3D printing-based cloth water head according to claim 1, wherein The connection part between the mixing cavity and the outlet of the inlet channel is a trumpet-shaped transition area, and the size of the trumpet-shaped transition area increases sequentially from the outlet of the inlet channel to the direction of the mixing cavity.

8. The 3D printing-based cloth water head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the water outlet channel and the central axis of the water distribution head is greater than or equal to 15° and less than or equal to 60°.

9. The 3D printing-based cloth water head according to claim 1, wherein Installation grooves are evenly arranged on the side wall of the upper structure. Adjacent water distribution heads are connected by a positioning plate, and both ends of the positioning plate are respectively clamped in the installation grooves on the side walls of their respective upper structures.

10. A fluidized bed reaction device comprising the 3D-printed cloth water head according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes a shell and a horizontal partition located inside the shell. A plurality of the water distribution heads are arranged in an array on the horizontal partition.

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