Water environment restoration system and control method for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of water environment restoration in traditional villages, and discloses a water environment restoration system and control method for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation. A surface runoff infiltration system, a three-dimensional wetland purification system, an underground infiltration and replenishment system, and a cloud-based intelligent control system are set up to transform the intelligent water environment of traditional villages; a surface runoff infiltration system is set up to guide and collect surface runoff on the basis of the existing natural terrain; the three-dimensional wetland purification system filters and pre-treats the collected water so that the water source can be reused; the underground infiltration and replenishment system improves the water quality and stores water through infiltration wells, further processes the collected water source, and can store the accumulated water for subsequent use of the water source; the cloud-based intelligent control system is used to process and predict the data collected by each system, issue an alarm in a timely manner, and further improve and repair the village's intelligent water environment through the predicted data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of traditional village water environment restoration, and particularly relates to a village original appearance protection water environment restoration system and a control method based on ecological microcirculation. Background Art

[0002] Traditional villages contain rich historical information and cultural landscapes, and are the greatest legacy left by China's agricultural civilization. Most traditional villages are built along rivers and backed by mountains. They are rich in natural resources and have unique folk customs. Taking the Fu River Basin as an example, the terrain characteristics of the Fu River Basin are mainly high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The terrain in the basin is quite undulating. The highest point is the source Xuebaoding, which is 5,588 meters above sea level, and the lowest point is the Hechuan River Estuary, which is about 200 meters above sea level. The upper reaches of the Fu River Basin are mostly mountainous, with an altitude of more than 1,000 meters. It has virgin forests and national nature reserves, which protect the forest ecosystem dominated by giant panda habitats. The middle and lower reaches are low mountains, hills and plains, with altitudes between 159 meters and 1,000 meters. The terrain is gently undulating, with a large population and dense towns.

[0003] Furthermore, the plains of the Fu River basin boast unique natural landscapes and ecological environments, which are crucial for biodiversity conservation and ecological restoration. This region is also one of China's most populated areas, playing a crucial role in promoting population mobility and urban-rural development. Furthermore, its well-developed water conservancy system provides a solid foundation for farmland irrigation and flood control and drainage. Overall, the Fu River basin plays a crucial role in China's agricultural production, economic development, ecological and environmental protection, population concentration, and water conservancy projects.

[0004] However, traditional villages in the Fu River basin may lack effective sewage treatment systems due to the need to protect the structure of ancient buildings. Since most traditional villages are located near mountains and rivers, sewage treatment and water flow monitoring are particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a village original appearance protection water environment restoration system and control method based on ecological microcirculation to address the above-mentioned problems, hoping to improve the problem of the lack of effective sewage treatment systems in existing traditional villages.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of the village based on ecological microcirculation includes:

[0008] The surface runoff diversion system includes a diversion ditch and an intelligent diversion device. The diversion ditch is used for drainage. The intelligent diversion device is installed at the node of the diversion ditch and is used to monitor the water volume in the diversion ditch and rainfall intensity data.

[0009] The three-dimensional wetland purification system includes a wetland matrix and a drone inspection channel. The wetland matrix is ​​divided into multiple modules, each of which is set up in a honeycomb structure. The wetland matrix is ​​divided into three layers: upper, middle, and lower. The drone inspection channel covers the wetland matrix, and drones inspect the wetland matrix through the path planning of the drone inspection channel.

[0010] An underground infiltration and recharge system includes an infiltration well and a conductivity sensor installed on the wall of the infiltration well to detect the hardness of groundwater;

[0011] The cloud-based intelligent control system integrates the received data, predicts changes in water quantity and quality through prediction models, and transmits the control information to the surface runoff infiltration system, three-dimensional wetland purification system and underground infiltration and recharge system.

[0012] Furthermore, in the surface runoff diversion system, a diversion ditch is dug along the natural terrain of the traditional village, the inner wall of the diversion ditch is made of permeable concrete, and a woven mesh is provided on the permeable concrete to block and intercept impurities in the diversion ditch; a cover plate is provided on the top of the diversion ditch, and the cover plate has openings;

[0013] The intelligent diversion device includes a flow meter, a pressure sensor and a diversion valve. There are multiple intelligent diversion devices, and there is a distance between each intelligent diversion device. Intelligent diversion devices are added at the key nodes of the seepage ditch; the intelligent diversion device is electrically connected to the cloud-based intelligent control system, and the data detected by the flow meter and pressure sensor are transmitted to the cloud-based intelligent control system. The cloud-based intelligent control system transmits the diversion control instructions back to the diversion valve, and the diversion valve performs the diversion.

[0014] Furthermore, in the three-dimensional wetland purification system, multiple modules on the surface of the wetland matrix are connected to each other, and water penetrates into the wetland matrix through the honeycomb structure on the surface of the wetland matrix;

[0015] Plants are planted in the upper layer of the wetland matrix to pre-treat pollutants in the water through their roots;

[0016] A pulse aeration network is set up in the middle layer to provide oxygen for microbial degradation;

[0017] A zero-valent iron filler layer is set at the bottom layer, and the zero-valent iron removes heavy metal pollutants through reduction.

[0018] Furthermore, in the underground infiltration backfill system, a layered backfill structure is provided;

[0019] Hydrogel particles are embedded in the superstructure. The hydrogel particles swell when exposed to water and shrink when dry, which increases the water penetration rate of the superstructure in the dry season. In the rainy season, the hydrogel particles swell when exposed to water and shrink when dry, which slows down the water penetration.

[0020] The middle structure is equipped with activated carbon to absorb residual pollutants;

[0021] A woven mesh is set on the bottom layer, and the woven mesh is set tightly to prevent soil loss.

[0022] The specific density of the woven mesh is set and modified according to the soil particle size and soil moisture content in each area.

[0023] Furthermore, a percolation well is provided in the underground percolation replenishment system, and the percolation well is used to store water flowing into the three-dimensional wetland purification system;

[0024] The side wall of the infiltration well is equipped with a valve and a delivery pipeline, and the input end of the delivery pipeline is connected to the three-dimensional wetland purification system;

[0025] The conductivity sensor on the wall of the infiltration well is used to detect water quality. When the conductivity sensor detects that the water hardness in the infiltration well exceeds the set value, the valve opens and the water source in the three-dimensional wetland purification system enters the infiltration well to dilute the water quality;

[0026] The conductivity sensor is connected to the cloud-based intelligent control system via electrical signals, and the conductivity sensor transmits water quality information to the cloud-based intelligent control system.

[0027] Furthermore, the cloud-based intelligent control system is electrically connected to the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the underground infiltration and replenishment system. The surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the underground infiltration and replenishment system transmit data information to the cloud-based intelligent control system. The cloud-based intelligent control system integrates the monitoring data of the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the underground infiltration and replenishment system, predicts changes in water quantity and water quality through a prediction model, and controls the devices of the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the underground infiltration and replenishment system through the cloud-based intelligent control system.

[0028] Furthermore, the restoration system is laid out according to the terrain gradient;

[0029] The surface runoff infiltration system is set up upstream, and the downstream of the infiltration ditch is connected to the three-dimensional wetland purification system;

[0030] The three-dimensional wetland purification system is set up in the middle reaches, and the water source drained by the surface runoff infiltration system enters the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification;

[0031] The underground infiltration recharge system is set up downstream, and the infiltration well is set up on the side close to the wetland matrix;

[0032] The water flows through the diversion ditch and the intelligent diversion device into the wetland matrix of the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification. The water purified by the three-dimensional wetland purification system flows through the perforated pipe to the underground infiltration and replenishment system for filtration and water softening. The water filtered and softened by the underground infiltration and replenishment system is stored in the water replenishment well for standby use.

[0033] A water environment control method for protecting the original appearance of a village based on ecological microcirculation includes the following steps:

[0034] Digging ditches along the natural terrain of the village, and placing intelligent diversion devices along the way to detect water flow, and set maximum and minimum water flow rates. When the water volume reaches the maximum water volume, the diversion valve is opened to control the water flow. When the water volume falls below the minimum water flow rate, the diversion valve is closed to allow the water to flow along the main road;

[0035] Water flowing out of the infiltration ditch enters the three-dimensional wetland purification system and infiltrates into the wetland matrix through the honeycomb structure for purification. The plant roots in the upper layer of the wetland matrix can initially purify pollutants in the water. The pulse aeration network in the middle layer is driven by biogas, providing oxygen for microbial degradation. The bottom layer of zero-valent iron filler deeply removes heavy metals through the reduction effect of zero-valent iron. Drones can inspect the three-dimensional wetland purification system through the drone inspection channel.

[0036] The water purified by the three-dimensional wetland purification system is softened and filtered through the underground infiltration and replenishment system, and the treated water is stored in the water replenishment well for future use;

[0037] The cloud-based intelligent control system integrates the data sent by each system, predicts the changes in water quantity and quality in traditional villages through predictive models, and issues adjustment instructions to each system in a timely manner.

[0038] Furthermore, the drone inspection channel is set on the wetland matrix, and the drone inspection process includes the following:

[0039] S1: Based on the terrain characteristics of the wetland matrix, the wetland area is dynamically meshed using edge computing devices;

[0040] Input data into edge computing devices, including high-resolution remote sensing images and terrain data obtained from drone pre-flight scans;

[0041] Edge computing devices perform grid division and use an adaptive grid algorithm to divide the wetland matrix into smaller matrices based on vegetation coverage and water surface depth;

[0042] The edge computing device outputs the results to the drone, generates an electronic map containing matrix coordinates, and uploads the electronic map to the drone navigation system;

[0043] S2: Path optimization of inspection channel;

[0044] Based on the center point coordinates of the matrix, obstacle avoidance constraints are introduced to generate the optimal flight path of the UAV;

[0045] The drone navigation system receives data on the optimal flight path planning in real time, combines it with GPS for positioning, and generates the drone flight path;

[0046] S3: UAV performs data collection;

[0047] The drone conducts inspections along the inspection paths planned by the drone navigation system. It uses the radar instrument onboard to detect water depth, calculates water surface height by receiving reflected signals, and uses a multispectral camera to capture vegetation coverage. The captured images are then transmitted to the system for analysis.

[0048] Transmit the collected data to the cloud-based intelligent control system for analysis and prediction;

[0049] Assume the collected data set is:

[0050] ;

[0051] in, For each set of data collected, is the number of data groups.

[0052] Furthermore, the dynamic meshing in step S1 includes the following:

[0053] ;

[0054] ;

[0055] ;

[0056] ;

[0057] in, and The coordinates are The subgrid is on the coordinate axis and Dynamically adjusted size in direction; and For the initial grid on the coordinate axis and Basic dimensions in direction; and is the weight coefficient of vegetation coverage and water surface depth, and , ; For subgrid vegetation coverage; For subgrid Depth of water surface;

[0058] The step S2 specifically includes: the optimal path of the UAV from the starting point to the end point must meet the shortest flight distance and obstacle avoidance constraints, and the formula is as follows:

[0059] ;

[0060] in, , is the discrete point sequence of the UAV flight path, For the Coordinates of the path points ; For the The coordinates of the obstacles; is the obstacle avoidance penalty weight coefficient; is the Euclidean distance, which is used to calculate the distance between path points and obstacles. is the total number of paths, is the total number of obstacles;

[0061] The safe distance between the drone path and all obstacles must meet the following conditions:

[0062] ;

[0063] in, is the minimum safe distance between the drone and obstacles;

[0064] The step S3 specifically includes:

[0065] Calculate water surface height by radar reflection signal :

[0066] ;

[0067] in, is the flight altitude of the drone, is the radar wave speed, is the time difference between the transmission and reception of radar signals;

[0068] Calculate vegetation cover:

[0069] ;

[0070] in, is the reflectivity in the near-infrared band, is the reflectivity in the red light band, , The larger the value of is, the denser the vegetation is;

[0071] Data transfer time:

[0072] ;

[0073] in, is the total size of the collected data, For communication broadband, is the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0074] Furthermore, the cloud-based intelligent control system uses the data transmitted back by the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the underground infiltration and replenishment system, and combines it with the relevant data of traditional villages in recent years. Perform training and prediction. Then use the multi-objective optimization algorithm to optimize the data set. Processing is performed to obtain the optimal target as the optimal solution.

[0075] It should be noted that the prediction model is an existing model, and the prediction accuracy is improved by training the data set with the prediction model.

[0076] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0077] The present invention transforms the intelligent water environment of traditional villages by setting up a surface runoff infiltration system, a three-dimensional wetland purification system, an underground infiltration and replenishment system and a cloud-based intelligent control system. Due to the protection purpose of traditional villages, major transformation cannot be carried out; by setting up a surface runoff infiltration system, the surface runoff is guided and collected on the basis of the existing natural terrain, avoiding the problem of water accumulation in low-lying areas of the village; the three-dimensional wetland purification system filters and pre-treats the collected water so that the water source can be reused; the underground infiltration and replenishment system improves the water quality and stores water through infiltration wells, further processes the collected water source, and can store the accumulated water for subsequent use of the water source; the cloud-based intelligent control system is used to process and predict the data collected by each system, issue an alarm in time, and further improve and repair the village's intelligent water environment through the predicted data.

[0078] The present invention uses drones to inspect the wetland matrix and divides the wetland matrix into grids through an adaptive grid algorithm, which makes it easier to find the coordinates of specific places that need improvement; the drone inspection path is planned through the electronic map output by the edge computing device, and the electronic map is uploaded to the drone navigation system. The drone inspects according to the navigation-planned path, which saves time and monitors and warns the entire system in a timely manner; it also improves the efficiency of the inspection and can save human resources to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0079] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the wetland purification system of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the repair system of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 5 This is a statistical table of precipitation data for Manduan Village, Menghai County, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0085] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0086] Most existing traditional villages are located along rivers, nestled against mountains. Take the traditional villages in the Fu River basin, for example. Because the Fu River is abundant with water, the volume fluctuates significantly between wet and dry seasons. Traditional villages, due to their age and aging facilities, are ill-equipped to handle these drastic changes in water volume. Furthermore, the structures of ancient buildings must be preserved and cannot be arbitrarily altered. Consequently, sewage treatment in these villages presents a significant challenge.

[0087] The present invention proposes a water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation. The restoration system includes:

[0088] like Figure 1 As shown, the surface runoff diversion system includes a diversion ditch and an intelligent diversion device. The diversion ditch is used for diversion. The intelligent diversion device is set at the node of the diversion ditch and is used to monitor the water volume in the diversion ditch and rainfall intensity data.

[0089] The three-dimensional wetland purification system includes a wetland matrix and a drone inspection channel. The wetland matrix is ​​divided into multiple modules, each of which is set up in a honeycomb structure. The wetland matrix is ​​divided into three layers: upper, middle, and lower. The drone inspection channel covers the wetland matrix, and drones inspect the wetland matrix through the path planning of the drone inspection channel.

[0090] An underground infiltration and recharge system includes an infiltration well and a conductivity sensor installed on the wall of the infiltration well to detect the hardness of groundwater;

[0091] The cloud-based intelligent control system integrates the received data, predicts changes in water quantity and quality through prediction models, and transmits the control information to the surface runoff infiltration system, three-dimensional wetland purification system and underground infiltration and recharge system.

[0092] Through the coordinated cooperation of various systems, the sewage in traditional villages can be drained, preliminarily treated and collected, and the water environment of the villages can be improved.

[0093] Example 1

[0094] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the surface runoff infiltration diversion system, a diversion ditch is dug along the natural terrain of the traditional village, the inner wall of the diversion ditch is made of permeable concrete, and a woven mesh is provided on the permeable concrete to block and intercept impurities in the diversion ditch; a cover plate is provided on the top of the diversion ditch, and the cover plate has openings;

[0095] Among them, the woven net is woven by straw fibers, and the woven net is arranged in a sparse and dense manner. Since straw is dry and breathable, it will not cause too much obstruction to the water flow. The cover plate on the top of the infiltration ditch needs to be provided with openings to introduce the surface water flowing into the infiltration ditch. When the water flow in the infiltration ditch is large, the water in the infiltration ditch can also flow out through the openings on the cover plate to avoid damage to the infiltration ditch due to excessive pressure.

[0096] The intelligent diversion device includes a flow meter, a pressure sensor and a diversion valve. There are multiple intelligent diversion devices, and there is a distance between each intelligent diversion device. The specific distance is set according to the actual situation. Intelligent diversion devices are added at the key nodes of the infiltration ditch. The key nodes include but are not limited to areas with large water flow and areas involving diversion; the intelligent diversion device is electrically connected to the cloud-based intelligent control system, and the data detected by the flow meter and pressure sensor are transmitted to the cloud-based intelligent control system. The cloud-based intelligent control system transmits the diversion control instructions back to the diversion valve, and the diversion valve performs diversion.

[0097] The treatment equipment involved in the surface runoff infiltration system mostly considers biodegradable substances such as plants that will not cause harm to the environment, thereby protecting the natural ecological environment to a certain extent; the surface runoff infiltration system is used to drain polluted water, and sewage is diverted to a centralized treatment area away from living areas for treatment. Sewage is treated without changing the existing architectural structure of traditional villages, thereby restoring the ecological environment of traditional villages.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] like Figure 3As shown, one embodiment of the present invention is that in the three-dimensional wetland purification system, multiple modules on the surface of the wetland matrix are connected to each other, and the flowing water penetrates into the interior of the wetland matrix through the honeycomb structure on the surface of the wetland matrix; the connection method between the multiple modules of the wetland matrix does not use concrete or other methods for fixing, so that the gaps between the modules can allow plants to grow without hindering the development of the existing ecology.

[0100] Plants are planted on the upper layer of the wetland matrix to pre-treat pollutants in the water through their roots. Pollution-tolerant plants are selected to avoid being damaged by substances in sewage.

[0101] A pulse aeration network is set up in the middle layer to provide oxygen for microbial degradation. The pulse aeration network uses biogas as power to provide oxygen for microbial degradation, thus forming a power cycle, saving energy while effectively treating microorganisms.

[0102] A zero-valent iron filler layer is set at the bottom layer. The zero-valent iron removes heavy metal pollutants through reduction to achieve the purpose of purifying water sources.

[0103] The water purified by the wetland purification system flows through perforated pipes to the underground infiltration and replenishment system for further treatment.

[0104] The wetland purification system is used for preliminary filtration of sewage. The wetland matrix surface module serves as the upper layer of the wetland matrix. The honeycomb structure on the module surface is used for planting plants. At the same time, the honeycomb structure also facilitates the infiltration of sewage into the middle and bottom layers of the wetland matrix.

[0105] Example 3

[0106] One embodiment of the present invention is that a layered backfill structure is provided in the underground infiltration and recharge system;

[0107] Hydrogel particles are embedded in the superstructure. Due to the hydrogel particles' characteristics of swelling when exposed to water and shrinking when dry, the water infiltration rate of the superstructure is increased in the dry season. In the rainy season, the hydrogel particles swell and slow down the water infiltration. The hydrogel particles can flexibly cope with the dry and rainy seasons, avoiding the low water infiltration efficiency of the underground infiltration and recharge system.

[0108] The middle structure is equipped with activated carbon to absorb residual pollutants;

[0109] A woven net is set at the bottom layer, and the woven net is set tightly to prevent soil loss. The density of the woven net is set according to actual usage requirements.

[0110] A seepage well is provided in the underground seepage replenishment system, and the seepage well is used to store the water source flowing into the three-dimensional wetland purification system;

[0111] The side wall of the infiltration well is equipped with a valve and a delivery pipeline, and the input end of the delivery pipeline is connected to the three-dimensional wetland purification system;

[0112] The conductivity sensor on the wall of the infiltration well is used to detect water quality. When the conductivity sensor detects that the water hardness in the infiltration well exceeds the set value, the valve opens and the water source in the three-dimensional wetland purification system enters the infiltration well to dilute the water quality;

[0113] The conductivity sensor is connected to the cloud-based intelligent control system via electrical signals, and the conductivity sensor transmits water quality information to the cloud-based intelligent control system. The conductivity sensor is an existing device that measures the conductivity of the solution to reflect the ion content and salt concentration in the water, thereby evaluating the purity and degree of pollution of the water quality, and is used for real-time monitoring of water quality. The conductivity sensor also has an automatic temperature compensation function, which can eliminate the influence of temperature on the measurement results and improve the accuracy and stability of the measurement.

[0114] Example 4

[0115] One embodiment of the present invention is that the cloud-based intelligent control system is electrically connected to the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the underground infiltration and replenishment system. The surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the underground infiltration and replenishment system transmit data information to the cloud-based intelligent control system. The cloud-based intelligent control system integrates the monitoring data of the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the underground infiltration and replenishment system, predicts changes in water quantity and water quality through a prediction model, and controls the devices of the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the underground infiltration and replenishment system through the cloud-based intelligent control system.

[0116] This embodiment transforms the intelligent water environment of traditional villages by setting up a surface runoff infiltration system, a three-dimensional wetland purification system, an underground infiltration and replenishment system and a cloud-based intelligent control system. Due to the protection purpose of traditional villages, major transformation cannot be carried out; by setting up a surface runoff infiltration system, the surface runoff is guided and collected on the basis of the existing natural terrain to avoid the problem of water accumulation in low-lying areas of the village; the three-dimensional wetland purification system filters and pre-treats the collected water so that the water source can be reused; the underground infiltration and replenishment system improves the water quality and stores water through infiltration wells, further processes the collected water source, and can store the accumulated water for subsequent use of the water source; the cloud-based intelligent control system is used to process and predict the data collected by each system, issue timely alarms, and further improve and repair the village's intelligent water environment through predicted data.

[0117] Example 5

[0118] like Figure 4 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention is that the restoration system is laid out according to the terrain gradient;

[0119] The surface runoff infiltration system is set up upstream, along the water collection line of the mountain outside the village, on both sides of the road, and in the building patio area. The downstream of the infiltration ditch is connected to the three-dimensional wetland purification system, and the mountain runoff is collected into the three-dimensional wetland purification system through the infiltration ditch.

[0120] The three-dimensional wetland purification system is set up in the middle reaches, and the water drained by the surface runoff infiltration system enters the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification; the three-dimensional wetland purification system also has an independent weir pond to facilitate the entry of water into the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification and storage during the dry season.

[0121] The underground infiltration recharge system is set up downstream, and the infiltration well is set up on the side close to the wetland matrix;

[0122] Water flows through the infiltration ditches and intelligent diversion devices into the wetland matrix of the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification. Purified water from the three-dimensional wetland purification system then flows through perforated pipes to the underground infiltration and recharge system for filtration and softening. The filtered and softened water is then stored in the recharge well for future use. The recharge well is used to store usable water for easy access by villagers.

[0123] The three-dimensional wetland purification system within the remediation system is located more than 50 meters from the pollution source to facilitate timely blocking of polluted water inflow. Buffer vegetation is also installed between the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the upstream surface runoff infiltration system to block larger particles and prevent them from damaging the remediation system's devices and components.

[0124] By setting up a restoration system based on terrain gradients, pollutants can be gradually purified, while spatial isolation can reduce the risk of pollutant diffusion.

[0125] Example 6

[0126] like Figure 2 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention is a water environment control method for protecting the original appearance of a village based on ecological microcirculation, and the control method includes the following steps:

[0127] Generally speaking, in traditional villages along the Fu River basin, the maximum flow during the dry season is 1-2 cubic meters per second, and the minimum is 0.1-0.5 cubic meters per second. During the wet season, the maximum flow can reach 10-20 cubic meters per second, while the minimum flow is maintained at around 1-3 cubic meters per second due to continuous rainfall. Specifically, in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, according to 34-year statistics from the downstream Xiaoheba Station, the average flow is 490 cubic meters per second. The maximum flow of the Fu River in Hechuan, downstream, has reached 30,000 cubic meters per second, and the minimum flow in Hechuan has been only 53 cubic meters per second. Figure 5This is a statistical table of precipitation data for Manduan Village, Menghai County, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. The difference between the maximum precipitation and the minimum precipitation is significant. Summer is mostly the flood season, while autumn and winter are mostly the dry season. The unit of precipitation is millimeters.

[0128] Based on the above water flow, a diversion ditch was dug along the natural terrain of the village. Intelligent diversion devices were placed along the way to detect the water flow and set maximum and minimum water flow rates. When the water volume reached the maximum, the diversion valve was opened to control the water flow. When the water volume fell below the minimum, the diversion valve was closed to allow the water to flow along the main road. The water flow in the diversion ditch was controlled in real time to avoid burdening the diversion ditch operation.

[0129] The water flowing out through the infiltration ditch enters the three-dimensional wetland purification system and infiltrates into the wetland matrix through the honeycomb structure for purification. The plant roots in the upper layer of the wetland matrix can preliminarily purify the pollutants in the water. The middle layer of the pulse aeration pipe network is driven by biogas, providing oxygen for microbial degradation. The bottom layer of zero-valent iron filler deeply removes heavy metals through the reduction effect of zero-valent iron. Drones inspect the three-dimensional wetland purification system through drone inspection channels. The three-dimensional wetland purification system is the upstream system of the repair system and has a large area. If blockage or failure occurs, it is not convenient for manual repair and treatment in time. Therefore, drones are set up to monitor the situation of the wetland matrix and transmit data information to the cloud-based intelligent control system for timely early warning and processing.

[0130] The water purified by the three-dimensional wetland purification system is softened and filtered through the underground infiltration and replenishment system, and the treated water is stored in the water replenishment well for future use;

[0131] The cloud-based intelligent control system integrates the data sent by each system, predicts the changes in water quantity and quality in traditional villages through predictive models, and issues adjustment instructions to each system in a timely manner.

[0132] The cloud-based intelligent control system can dynamically regulate the entire restoration system based on the data collected by each system: during the dry season, the percolation water in the water replenishment well is used first, and the various systems of the restoration system are shut down to save energy; during the rainy season, the various systems of the restoration system are started, and the contaminated water is treated before use; for more extreme natural disasters, degradable substances are released through drones for targeted pollution removal; this can both meet the villagers' water needs and save energy.

[0133] Example 7

[0134] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drone inspection channel is set on the wetland matrix, and the drone inspection process includes the following:

[0135] S1: Based on the terrain characteristics of the wetland matrix, the wetland area is dynamically meshed using edge computing devices;

[0136] First, data is input into the edge computing device, including high-resolution remote sensing images and terrain data obtained by drone pre-flight scanning;

[0137] Edge computing devices perform grid division and use an adaptive grid algorithm to divide the wetland matrix into smaller matrices based on vegetation coverage and water surface depth;

[0138] The edge computing device outputs the results to the drone, generates an electronic map containing matrix coordinates, and uploads the electronic map to the drone navigation system;

[0139] S2: Path optimization of inspection channel;

[0140] Based on the center point coordinates of the matrix, obstacle avoidance constraints are introduced to generate the optimal flight path of the UAV;

[0141] The drone navigation system receives data on the optimal flight path planning in real time, combines it with GPS for positioning, and generates the drone flight path;

[0142] S3: UAV performs data collection;

[0143] The drone conducts inspections along the inspection paths planned by the drone navigation system. It uses the radar instrument onboard to detect water depth, calculates water surface height by receiving reflected signals, and uses a multispectral camera to capture vegetation coverage. The captured images are then transmitted to the system for analysis.

[0144] The collected data is transmitted to the cloud-based intelligent control system for analysis and prediction.

[0145] The dynamic meshing in step S1 includes the following steps:

[0146] ;

[0147] ;

[0148] ;

[0149] ;

[0150] in, and The coordinates are The subgrid is on the coordinate axis and Dynamically adjusted size in direction; and For the initial grid on the coordinate axis and Basic dimensions in direction; and is the weight coefficient of vegetation coverage and water surface depth, and , ; For subgrid vegetation coverage; For subgrid Depth of water surface;

[0151] and The grid sizes in the directions are calculated separately and the grid can be non-square.

[0152] When vegetation coverage or When it increases, the denominator value increases, resulting in and As the value decreases, the mesh becomes denser and is divided by and Control the degree of mesh refinement and set it as needed and The value of and Needs to be between 0 and 1.

[0153] S1 is provided with a weight coefficient, which can be set according to different monitoring targets, so as to adapt to a variety of monitoring objects. and Calculations can be performed separately in both directions, which can adapt to complex terrain features. During calculation, only the denominator needs to be calculated once to obtain the dimensions in both directions, which makes the calculation more efficient and can also be adapted to edge devices for real-time processing.

[0154] The step S2 specifically includes: the optimal path of the UAV from the starting point to the end point must meet the shortest flight distance and obstacle avoidance constraints, and the formula is as follows:

[0155] ;

[0156] in, , is the discrete point sequence of the UAV flight path, For the Coordinates of the path points ; For the Obstacle coordinates are obtained in real time through grid division results and sensors; is the obstacle avoidance penalty weight coefficient, The larger the value, the stronger the tendency of the path to move away from obstacles; is the Euclidean distance, which is used to calculate the distance between path points and obstacles. is the total number of paths, is the total number of obstacles;

[0157] The safe distance between the drone path and all obstacles must meet the following conditions:

[0158] ;

[0159] in, The minimum safe distance between the drone and obstacles, determined by the size and maneuverability of the drone;

[0160] The step S3 specifically includes:

[0161] Calculate water surface height by radar reflection signal :

[0162] ;

[0163] in, is the flight altitude of the drone, is the radar wave speed, is the time difference between the transmission and reception of radar signals;

[0164] Calculate vegetation cover:

[0165] ;

[0166] in, is the reflectance in the near-infrared band, extracted from the multispectral image. is the reflectivity in the red light band, , The larger the value of is, the denser the vegetation is;

[0167] Data transfer time:

[0168] ;

[0169] in, is the total size of the collected data, including water surface height and vegetation coverage, For communication broadband, is the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0170] By setting up drone inspection routes, the security of the system is improved, and problems during system operation can be discovered in a timely manner and solutions can be provided in a timely manner. In addition, since the cloud-based intelligent control system occupies a large area, manual inspections are inefficient and prone to missed inspections, while drone inspections are highly efficient and, based on the planning of the inspection routes, are less likely to be missed inspections.

[0171] The method of this embodiment trains the prediction model to make the prediction more in line with the actual situation of traditional villages, and optimizes the control method through a multi-objective optimization algorithm. It can resolve the contradiction between "technical rigidity" and "cultural flexibility" in the water environment management of traditional villages, and provide a replicable intelligent solution for the ecological protection of similar cultural heritage sites.

[0172] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of the village based on ecological microcirculation is characterized by: The repair system includes: The surface runoff diversion system includes a diversion ditch and an intelligent diversion device. The diversion ditch is used for drainage. The intelligent diversion device is installed at the node of the diversion ditch and is used to monitor the water volume in the diversion ditch and rainfall intensity data. The three-dimensional wetland purification system includes a wetland matrix and a drone inspection channel. The wetland matrix is ​​divided into multiple modules, each of which is arranged in a honeycomb structure. The wetland matrix is ​​divided into three layers: upper, middle, and lower. The drone inspection channel covers the wetland matrix, and drones inspect the wetland matrix using the path planning of the drone inspection channel. In the three-dimensional wetland purification system, multiple modules on the surface of the wetland matrix are connected to each other, and flowing water penetrates into the wetland matrix through the honeycomb structure on the surface of the wetland matrix. Plants are planted in the upper layer of the wetland matrix to pre-treat pollutants in the water through their roots; A pulse aeration network is set up in the middle layer to provide oxygen for microbial degradation; The bottom layer is filled with zero-valent iron, which removes heavy metal pollutants through reduction. The underground infiltration and recharge system includes an infiltration well and a conductivity sensor is set on the wall of the infiltration well to detect the hardness of groundwater; the underground infiltration and recharge system is provided with a layered backfill structure; Hydrogel particles are embedded in the superstructure. The hydrogel particles swell when exposed to water and shrink when dry, which increases the water penetration rate of the superstructure in the dry season. In the rainy season, the hydrogel particles swell when exposed to water and shrink when dry, which slows down the water penetration. The middle structure is equipped with activated carbon to absorb residual pollutants; The bottom layer is provided with a woven net, which is tightly woven to prevent soil loss; The cloud-based intelligent control system integrates the received data, predicts changes in water quantity and quality through prediction models, and transmits the control information to the surface runoff infiltration system, three-dimensional wetland purification system and underground infiltration and recharge system.

2. The village original appearance protection water environment restoration system based on ecological microcirculation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the surface runoff diversion system, a diversion ditch is dug along the natural terrain of the traditional village. The inner wall of the diversion ditch is made of permeable concrete, and a woven mesh is provided on the permeable concrete to block and intercept impurities in the diversion ditch. A cover plate is provided on the top of the diversion ditch, and the cover plate has openings. The intelligent diversion device includes a flow meter, a pressure sensor and a diversion valve. There are multiple intelligent diversion devices, and there is a distance between each intelligent diversion device. Intelligent diversion devices are added at the key nodes of the seepage ditch; the intelligent diversion device is electrically connected to the cloud-based intelligent control system, and the data detected by the flow meter and pressure sensor are transmitted to the cloud-based intelligent control system. The cloud-based intelligent control system transmits the diversion control instructions back to the diversion valve, and the diversion valve performs the diversion.

3. The village original appearance protection water environment restoration system based on ecological microcirculation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A seepage well is provided in the underground seepage replenishment system, and the seepage well is used to store the water source flowing into the three-dimensional wetland purification system; The side wall of the infiltration well is equipped with a valve and a delivery pipeline, and the input end of the delivery pipeline is connected to the three-dimensional wetland purification system; The conductivity sensor on the wall of the infiltration well is used to detect water quality. When the conductivity sensor detects that the water hardness in the infiltration well exceeds the set value, the valve opens and the water source in the three-dimensional wetland purification system enters the infiltration well to dilute the water quality; The conductivity sensor is connected to the cloud-based intelligent control system via electrical signals, and the conductivity sensor transmits water quality information to the cloud-based intelligent control system.

4. The village original appearance protection water environment restoration system based on ecological microcirculation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cloud-based intelligent control system is electrically connected to the surface runoff infiltration and diversion system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system, and the underground infiltration and recharge system. The surface runoff infiltration and diversion system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system, and the underground infiltration and recharge system transmit data information to the cloud-based intelligent control system. The cloud-based intelligent control system integrates the monitoring data of the surface runoff infiltration and diversion system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system, and the underground infiltration and recharge system, predicts changes in water quantity and water quality through a prediction model, and controls the devices of the surface runoff infiltration and diversion system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system, and the underground infiltration and recharge system through the cloud-based intelligent control system.

5. The village original appearance protection water environment restoration system based on ecological microcirculation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The restoration system is laid out according to the terrain gradient; The surface runoff infiltration system is set up upstream, and the downstream of the infiltration ditch is connected to the three-dimensional wetland purification system; The three-dimensional wetland purification system is set up in the middle reaches, and the water source drained by the surface runoff infiltration system enters the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification; The underground infiltration recharge system is set up downstream, and the infiltration well is set up on the side close to the wetland matrix; The water flows through the diversion ditch and the intelligent diversion device into the wetland matrix of the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification. The water purified by the three-dimensional wetland purification system flows through the perforated pipe to the underground infiltration and replenishment system for filtration and water softening. The water filtered and softened by the underground infiltration and replenishment system is stored in the water replenishment well for standby use.

6. A method for regulating the water environment for protecting the original appearance of a village based on ecological microcirculation, using the water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of a village based on ecological microcirculation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The control method comprises the following steps: Digging ditches along the natural terrain of the village, and placing intelligent diversion devices along the way to detect water flow, and set maximum and minimum water flow rates. When the water volume reaches the maximum water volume, the diversion valve is opened to control the water flow. When the water volume falls below the minimum water flow rate, the diversion valve is closed to allow the water to flow along the main road; Water flowing out of the infiltration ditch enters the three-dimensional wetland purification system and infiltrates into the wetland matrix through the honeycomb structure for purification. The plant roots in the upper layer of the wetland matrix can initially purify pollutants in the water. The pulse aeration network in the middle layer is driven by biogas, providing oxygen for microbial degradation. The bottom layer of zero-valent iron filler deeply removes heavy metals through the reduction effect of zero-valent iron. Drones can inspect the three-dimensional wetland purification system through the drone inspection channel. The water purified by the three-dimensional wetland purification system is softened and filtered through the underground infiltration and replenishment system, and the treated water is stored in the water replenishment well for future use; The cloud-based intelligent control system integrates the data sent by each system, predicts the changes in water quantity and quality in traditional villages through predictive models, and issues adjustment instructions to each system in a timely manner.

7. The method for regulating and controlling the water environment of villages based on ecological microcirculation for preserving the original appearance of villages according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The drone inspection channel is set on the wetland matrix, and the drone inspection process includes the following steps: Step S1: Based on the terrain characteristics of the wetland matrix, the wetland area is dynamically gridded using edge computing devices; Input data into the edge computing device, including high-resolution remote sensing images and terrain data obtained by drone pre-flight scanning; Edge computing devices perform grid division and use an adaptive grid algorithm to divide the wetland matrix into smaller matrices based on vegetation coverage and water surface depth; The edge computing device outputs the results to the drone, generates an electronic map containing matrix coordinates, and uploads the electronic map to the drone navigation system; Step S2: Optimizing the inspection path; Based on the center point coordinates of the matrix, obstacle avoidance constraints are introduced to generate the optimal flight path of the UAV; The drone navigation system receives data on the optimal flight path planning in real time, combines it with GPS for positioning, and generates the drone flight path; Step S3: The drone collects data; The drone conducts inspections along the inspection paths planned by the drone navigation system. It uses the radar instrument onboard to detect water depth, calculates water surface height by receiving reflected signals, and uses a multispectral camera to capture vegetation coverage. The captured images are then transmitted to the system for analysis. Transmit the collected data to the cloud-based intelligent control system for analysis and prediction; Assume the collected data set is: ； in, For each set of data collected, is the number of data groups.

8. The method for regulating and controlling the water environment of villages based on ecological microcirculation for preserving their original appearance according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The dynamic meshing in step S1 includes the following: ； ； ； ； in, and The coordinates are The subgrid is on the coordinate axis and Dynamically adjusted size in direction; and For the initial grid on the coordinate axis and Basic dimensions in direction; and is the weight coefficient of vegetation coverage and water surface depth, and , ; For subgrid vegetation coverage; For subgrid Depth of water surface; The step S2 specifically includes: the optimal path of the UAV from the starting point to the end point must meet the shortest flight distance and obstacle avoidance constraints, and the formula is as follows: ； in, , is the discrete point sequence of the UAV flight path, For the Coordinates of the path points ; For the The coordinates of the obstacles; is the obstacle avoidance penalty weight coefficient; is the Euclidean distance, which is used to calculate the distance between path points and obstacles. is the total number of paths, is the total number of obstacles; The safe distance between the drone path and all obstacles must meet the following conditions: ； in, is the minimum safe distance between the drone and obstacles; The step S3 specifically includes: Calculate water surface height by radar reflection signal : ； in, is the flight altitude of the drone, is the radar wave speed, is the time difference between the transmission and reception of radar signals; Calculate vegetation cover: ； in, is the reflectivity in the near-infrared band, is the reflectivity in the red light band, , The larger the value of is, the denser the vegetation is; Data transfer time: ； in, is the total size of the collected data, For communication broadband, is the signal-to-noise ratio.

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