Sound barrier made of tailing material and preparation method of sound barrier

Abstract

The invention discloses a sound barrier made of a tailing material and a preparation method of the sound barrier, and belongs to the technical field of sound barriers. The sound barrier comprises a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive, and the base material mainly adopts tailing particles and is compounded with alumina powder, Portland cement and nano-hydroxyapatite; the functional additive is prepared from a polypyrrole-polyaniline compound, silicon dioxide nano aerogel, nano molybdenum disulfide particles and polyacrylate coated paraffin microcapsules; the self-healing additive is prepared from polyurethane coated epoxy resin microcapsules, polyurethane coated amine curing agent microcapsules, CaCO3 microcrystals, nano montmorillonite particles and nano nickel coated carbon particles. Resource utilization of the tailings is achieved, and the mechanical property, the sound absorption and insulation performance, the self-healing performance and the weather resistance of the sound barrier are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sound barriers, and in particular to a sound barrier made of tailings materials and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the acceleration of the urbanization process and the improvement of the industrialization level, the problem of environmental noise pollution has become increasingly serious. Especially at the intersections of traffic arteries, industrial parks and urban functional zones, noise pollution has had a significant impact on people's quality of life. To effectively reduce noise pollution, sound barriers, as an important noise control means, have been widely used.

[0003] Sound barriers usually consist of sound-absorbing materials and structural substrates, and their main function is to achieve noise attenuation by absorbing and blocking the propagation of sound waves. At present, commonly used sound barrier materials include concrete, metal plates, composite sound-absorbing materials, etc. Although these materials can achieve a certain degree of noise reduction effect, they have problems such as high material costs, poor sustainability, insufficient impact resistance, and easy cracking and damage during long-term use. Especially for concrete and metal sound barriers, their material self-weight is relatively large, and they are prone to cracking when subjected to mechanical impact or temperature and humidity changes, resulting in a shortened service life.

[0004] At the same time, as a by-product of mineral resource development, the stacking and storage of tailings not only occupy a large amount of land, but also may cause environmental pollution. How to realize the resource utilization of tailings and reduce its burden on the environment has become one of the current research hotspots. In recent years, some studies have tried to use tailings in the preparation of building materials, such as tailings concrete, tailings bricks, etc., but their application in the field of acoustic functional materials is relatively less.

[0005] Therefore, how to develop a sound barrier made of tailings materials, which has a relatively light weight, good sound absorption performance, and also has self-healing characteristics and green sustainability, has become a technical problem to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sound barrier made of tailings materials and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A sound barrier made of tailings materials, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive; The base material includes the following components: (1) Tailings particles, 10-30 parts by weight, with a particle size of 0.1-2 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 5-8 parts by weight; (3) Cement, 30 - 40 parts by weight; (4) Fiber, 1 - 2 parts by weight; (5) Manufactured sand, 8 - 10 parts by weight; (6) Water, 8 - 9 parts by weight; The functional additive includes the following components: (1) Polypyrrole - polyaniline composite, 5 - 8 parts by weight; (2) Silica nano - aerogel, 3 - 5 parts by weight; (3) Nano - molybdenum disulfide particles, 2 - 4 parts by weight; The self - healing additive includes the following components: (1) Self - healing microcapsules of polyurethane - coated epoxy resin, 5 - 7 parts by weight, with a particle size of 100 - 300 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane - coated amine curing agent, 2 - 3 parts by weight.

[0008] Tailings particles are mainly used as aggregates in the base material of the sound barrier, making full use of tailings waste and avoiding environmental pollution, meeting the requirements of sustainable development. Compared with traditional sound barrier materials, such as natural ore aggregates, the present invention effectively reduces the raw material cost and at the same time reduces the ecological damage caused by ore mining. Tailings particles not only act as filling materials in the sound barrier but also have certain sound - resistance characteristics, which helps to improve the sound wave attenuation effect.

[0009] In the base material, alumina powder can significantly improve the denseness and mechanical strength of the material, thus enhancing the stability and durability of the sound barrier. And portland cement, as a gelling material, can effectively bond and solidify tailings particles and other functional materials to form a solidified body with a compact structure. This structural characteristic can effectively block the transmission and propagation of sound waves and improve the sound insulation effect of the sound barrier.

[0010] In the functional additive, the polypyrrole - polyaniline composite has significant conductivity and wave - absorbing characteristics in the sound barrier material. Polyaniline, as a conductive polymer, can improve the electromagnetic shielding effect of the sound barrier, especially showing excellent performance in occasions where electromagnetic interference needs to be suppressed. In addition, after the combination of polypyrrole and polyaniline, its porous structure is more stable, forming a composite material with strong sound - absorbing ability, further optimizing the sound absorption and noise reduction effect. Specifically, the π - π stacking effect of polypyrrole interacts with the nitrogen groups of polyaniline, promoting the formation of a relatively stable porous network structure. Polyaniline can effectively increase the dispersibility of the composite, making the interface between polypyrrole and polyaniline closer, thus improving the stability of the overall structure. This porous structure not only helps to enhance the conductivity of the material but also optimizes the sound - absorbing performance of the sound barrier, making the material perform more prominently in high - frequency noise attenuation.

[0011] The added nano-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) can enhance the conductivity and lubricity of the polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, and this property plays an important role in improving the comprehensive performance of the sound barrier. Specifically, the conductivity of MoS2 is stronger than that of general polymer materials, and it can form a conductive channel in the polypyrrole / polyaniline composite system. Due to the layered structure characteristics of MoS2, it can provide a better electron conduction path, thus enhancing the conductivity of the entire composite. Relatively, the polypyrrole-polyaniline composite also has a synergistic effect with nano-molybdenum disulfide particles. Since polyaniline has excellent interfacial compatibility, it can evenly disperse nano-molybdenum disulfide particles in the composite material, reducing the agglomeration phenomenon. This dispersion significantly improves the overall acoustic and mechanical properties of the sound barrier material, contributing to enhancing the sound absorption, sound insulation and anti-fatigue properties of the material.

[0012] In addition, there is also a synergistic effect between nano-molybdenum disulfide and silica nano-aerogel, which can enhance the wear resistance and mechanical strength of the material, enabling the sound barrier to maintain good structural integrity and mechanical properties during long-term use.

[0013] In the self-healing additive, the self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin can rupture and release epoxy resin when the material is damaged, quickly filling the cracks; while the curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent can react with epoxy resin and quickly cure to form a new bonding layer. Through this two-component self-healing system, the structural integrity of the material can be quickly restored after the formation of microcracks, significantly extending the service life of the sound barrier. Secondly, in the self-healing mechanism, nano-MoS2 plays a key role. Its synergistic effect with the microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin can effectively improve the self-healing efficiency. When the material is subjected to external force and generates microcracks, nano-MoS2 not only enhances the mechanical properties of the microcapsules, but also promotes the rupture and release of the microcapsules, thus accelerating the self-healing process and improving the repair speed and effect of the material.

[0014] Furthermore, 5-7 parts by weight of nano-hydroxyapatite are added to the substrate.

[0015] Nano-hydroxyapatite is an inorganic material containing hydroxyl and calcium phosphate structures, with good biocompatibility and mechanical strength. In the sound barrier substrate of the present invention, nano-hydroxyapatite can form a composite substrate with tailings particles, alumina powder and Portland cement, significantly improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of the sound barrier.

[0016] Due to the high hardness and excellent interfacial bonding properties of nano-hydroxyapatite, its introduction can play a reinforcing role in the composite material. First, nano-scale hydroxyapatite has a large specific surface area and surface energy, which can be uniformly dispersed in the substrate and form a relatively stable physical and chemical bond with Portland cement. This bond improves the compactness and strength of the composite material, making the sound barrier more ductile and resistant to damage when subjected to impact and vibration. Second, the combined action of nano-hydroxyapatite and alumina powder can effectively enhance the compressive strength and wear resistance of the composite material. Due to the rigid characteristics of nano-hydroxyapatite itself, it can play a role in bearing and transmitting forces when the substrate is stressed, reducing structural deformation and fatigue damage. At the same time, its nano characteristics enable it to fill the small pores inside the material at the microscale, reduce the porosity, and improve the density of the structure.

[0017] The porous characteristics of nano-hydroxyapatite have a positive effect on improving the acoustic performance of the sound barrier. Its particles can form a micro-nano pore structure in the substrate, which helps to reflect and scatter sound waves inside the material multiple times, reducing the propagation efficiency of sound energy. Especially the unique lattice vibration mode of HA has a strong absorption ability for medium and high-frequency sound waves, thus further improving the sound insulation effect of the sound barrier in traffic noise and industrial noise environments. In addition, the interaction between nano-hydroxyapatite and tailings particles can construct a complex acoustic impedance matching network in the composite material, reducing the reflection and transmission of sound waves at the material interface, so that more sound energy is absorbed and attenuated inside the material, enhancing the sound insulation performance.

[0018] In addition, the introduction of nano-hydroxyapatite also has a potential effect of enhancing self-healing. Due to its certain interfacial affinity with polyurethane-coated epoxy microcapsules, it can assist the effective distribution of the repair agent when microcracks occur, increasing the diffusivity of the self-healing material. In this way, the repair agent released after the microcapsules rupture can fill the cracks faster and more evenly, further improving the self-healing efficiency.

[0019] Furthermore, 8 - 12 parts by weight of paraffin microcapsules are also added to the functional additive.

[0020] Paraffin microcapsules are microscopic particulate materials with paraffin as the core material and polymer as the shell material. It has phase change characteristics inside and can undergo solid-liquid transformation within a certain temperature range. In the present invention, the phase change characteristics of paraffin microcapsules can form a viscoelastic interface layer inside the material, and this interface layer can absorb sound wave energy and convert it into heat energy, thereby improving the sound absorption efficiency of the sound barrier, especially showing a more prominent sound absorption effect in low-frequency noise environments.

[0021] Furthermore, the surface of the paraffin microcapsules is coated with polyacrylate.

[0022] The core material of the paraffin microcapsules is paraffin, and its phase change characteristics make it prone to melting and solidification when the temperature changes. However, due to the poor durability of the shell material of single paraffin microcapsules, the microcapsules may rupture due to mechanical wear or environmental erosion during long-term outdoor use, thus reducing the material performance. As a polymer material with excellent weather resistance and mechanical strength, polyacrylate can form a dense and flexible protective film after being coated on the surface of paraffin microcapsules. This protective film not only effectively blocks the erosion of external moisture, acid-base substances and ultraviolet rays on paraffin microcapsules, but also enhances the wear resistance of microcapsules, significantly reducing the risk of rupture caused by friction and impact.

[0023] In addition, the polyacrylate coating not only enhances the physical strength of the microcapsules, but also plays a certain role in optimizing the acoustic performance. In the sound barrier material, the paraffin microcapsules can absorb noise energy through their phase change characteristics and convert part of the sound energy into heat energy for consumption. The addition of the polyacrylate coating can form a multi-layer composite structure when sound waves propagate, causing the sound waves to undergo multiple reflections and energy dissipation when penetrating the material. This multi-interface reflection effect has a significant effect on reducing medium and low-frequency noise. At the same time, polyacrylate itself has certain damping characteristics and can effectively absorb the noise caused by structural vibration. This characteristic enables the sound barrier material to better resist the noise propagation caused by vibration and improve the overall sound insulation performance.

[0024] Furthermore, the self-healing additive also contains 2-4 parts by weight of CaCO3 microcrystals.

[0025] CaCO3 microcrystals have good interfacial bonding ability with the self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin. Due to the presence of certain active groups on the surface of CaCO3, it can form stable physical and chemical bonds with the polyurethane coating and the substrate. This interfacial bonding effect can improve the dispersibility and stability of the microcapsules in the composite matrix, preventing the microcapsules from agglomerating or settling during the mixing and molding processes.

[0026] Secondly, when cracks occur, due to its rigid characteristics, CaCO3 microcrystals can quickly fill the cracks and provide a supporting role for the self-healing microcapsules. This physical filling mechanism can inhibit crack propagation in the first place and effectively prevent the trend of microcracks from developing into larger damages. When the polyurethane-coated epoxy resin microcapsules release the repair agent, CaCO3 microcrystals react with epoxy resin to form a dense composite, further enhancing the strength and durability of the repair layer. This can not only restore the integrity of the sound barrier material, but also effectively improve the compressive and flexural properties of the material after self-healing, preventing the occurrence of secondary damage.

[0027] Furthermore, the self-healing additive also contains nano-montmorillonite particles with a weight ratio of 1:1 to CaCO3 microcrystals.

[0028] Nano - montmorillonite is a layered silicate mineral with a relatively large interlayer spacing, excellent layered structure stability, mechanical reinforcement performance, and wettability. By introducing nano - montmorillonite particles with a 1:1 weight ratio to CaCO3 microcrystals into the self - healing additive, the self - healing efficiency and mechanical properties of the material are further improved.

[0029] Nano - montmorillonite has high surface activity and interlayer cation - exchange capacity. When the self - healing microcapsules rupture, the montmorillonite sheets can form a stable cross - linked network with epoxy resin and curing agent, enabling the repair material to quickly solidify and take shape at the crack. This cross - linking characteristic makes the crack filling more uniform and dense, improving the healing strength. Since the montmorillonite sheets can effectively adsorb the repair agent molecules when the crack closes, making them evenly distributed in the crack area, it avoids repair defects caused by sagging or leakage. At the same time, the mixed filler formed by montmorillonite and CaCO3 microcrystals plays a dual - support role at the crack, enabling the repaired area to have higher crack resistance when bearing subsequent stresses. Due to the introduction of the montmorillonite sheet structure in the healed layer, the tensile strength and toughness of the material are significantly enhanced. After the crack is repaired, not only can the structural integrity be restored, but a composite layer with enhanced toughness characteristics can also be formed after self - healing is completed, greatly improving the fatigue resistance of the material.

[0030] Secondly, since the montmorillonite sheets can undergo interlayer slip when subjected to acoustic vibrations, this frictional effect can convert part of the acoustic energy into heat energy, further reducing the acoustic energy. The montmorillonite sheet structure forms multi - level micropores inside the material, while the CaCO3 microcrystals, as rigid fillers, increase the density of the material. After the two are combined, the sound waves are reflected, refracted, and absorbed multiple times inside the material, and the acoustic energy decays layer by layer, significantly improving the sound absorption performance, especially showing excellent sound insulation effects in medium - and high - frequency noise environments.

[0031] Furthermore, 3 - 5 parts by weight of nano - nickel - coated carbon particles are added to the self - healing additive.

[0032] Nano - nickel - coated carbon particles are a composite material with a core - shell structure, with a carbon material as the core and a nickel layer as the shell. Nano - nickel - coated carbon particles play a key role in constructing the conductive network in the sound barrier material. Since nickel has a low resistivity, after coating the carbon particles, it can form a conductive chain or conductive network in the composite substrate. Secondly, in a dry or dusty environment, static charges are likely to accumulate on the surface of the sound barrier, thus adsorbing dust and affecting the acoustic performance. The conductive network of nano - nickel - coated carbon particles enables the material to quickly conduct away the static charges, thereby reducing the impact of static charge accumulation on the material structure and performance.

[0033] In addition, the ductility of the nickel shell layer helps to form a dense protective layer when the crack closes, further promoting the self - healing process.

[0034] A preparation method of the sound barrier made of the above tailing materials, comprising the following steps: S1 Raw material mixing: Mix each component of the base material in proportion to obtain a base material mixture; S2 Functional additive preparation: Uniformly mix each component of the functional additive in proportion to obtain a functional additive mixture; S3 Self-healing additive preparation: Uniformly mix each component of the self-healing additive in proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; S4 Mixing and stirring: Mix and stir the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture and the self-healing additive mixture according to the weight ratio for 3-4 min, then add deionized water and stir for 6-7 min, and control the stirring speed at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry; S5 Kneading: Put the uniformly stirred slurry into a kneader for kneading; S6 Vacuum extrusion molding: Inject the slurry into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding; S7 Cutting and curing: After cutting the formed product, perform steam curing at normal pressure of 500-100 °C, and perform grinding and regularization as needed after curing.

[0035] Further, in the step S2, the shear stirring process is adopted for mixing the functional additive, the shear rate is 1000-1500 rpm, and the time is 10-20 minutes; meanwhile, the mixing temperature is controlled at 25-35 °C.

[0036] Through high-shear rate mixing, the agglomeration phenomenon of nano materials can be effectively overcome. The polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, silica nano-aerogel, nano-molybdenum disulfide particles and paraffin microcapsules in the functional additive are all nano or micron-sized particles, which have a large specific surface area and a strong tendency of mutual adsorption. Under the action of high shear force, the van der Waals force between these particles is weakened, thereby depolymerizing the agglomerates and forming a uniformly dispersed suspension system. During the shear stirring process, controlling the mixing temperature at 25-35 °C can effectively avoid the degradation of the polypyrrole-polyaniline composite and the phase change failure of the paraffin microcapsules caused by too high temperature. The appropriate temperature makes the mixing process mild and stable, ensuring the chemical stability and physical integrity of the additive.

[0037] Further, in the step S3, the planetary stirring process is adopted for mixing the self-healing additive mixture, the stirring rate is 200-300 rpm, and the stirring time is 20-40 minutes; the humidity is maintained at 60%-70% during mixing.

[0038] During the mixing process of the self-healing additive, the planetary stirring process is adopted. The stirring rate is 200 - 300 rpm, the stirring time is controlled within 20 - 40 minutes, and the humidity during mixing is maintained between 60% - 70%. The planetary stirring process can achieve efficient stirring of the additive through the combination of two stirring methods, avoiding the phenomena of uneven dispersion or particle deposition in the traditional stirring process, and ensuring the uniform distribution of self-healing microcapsules in the material.

[0039] Maintaining the mixing humidity within the range of 60% - 70% can ensure the shell stability of the microcapsules, preventing them from being fragile due to drying or prematurely rupturing due to excessive wetness during the stirring process. Excessive humidity may cause premature rupture of the outer layer of the microcapsules, affecting their self-healing function; while too low humidity may lead to poor adhesion on the surface of the microcapsules, affecting the overall dispersibility and uniformity of the material. Therefore, precisely controlling the humidity is crucial for ensuring that the microcapsules can stably release the repair agent and enhance the repair effect in subsequent self-healing reactions.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects: This application adopts a composite system of tailings particles, functional additives, and self-healing additives, significantly improving the mechanical properties, sound absorption and insulation properties, self-healing properties, and weather resistance of the sound barrier. By using tailings particles as the main component of the base material in the present invention, the tailings materials are fully utilized, effectively reducing the accumulation of tailings waste and environmental pollution.

[0041] Secondly, the combination of polypyrrole-polyaniline composites, silica nano-aerogels, molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles, and paraffin microcapsules in the functional additives significantly improves the sound absorption and noise reduction performance of the sound barrier. The polypyrrole-polyaniline composite not only provides good conductivity but also enhances the electromagnetic shielding ability of the material, while the silica nano-aerogel further enhances the sound wave absorption ability through its high specific surface area and microporous structure. The molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles ensure the stability of the sound barrier during long-term use by enhancing the interfacial bonding and improving the wear resistance and mechanical strength of the material.

[0042] In terms of self-healing performance, the present invention enables the sound barrier to automatically repair when it is damaged by microcracks or external forces by introducing self-healing additives such as polyurethane-coated epoxy microcapsules, CaCO3 microcrystals, nano-montmorillonite particles, and nano-nickel-coated carbon particles. The design of the microcapsules enables the healing agent to be rapidly released when cracks occur, filling the cracks and restoring the structural integrity of the material. The CaCO3 microcrystals and nano-montmorillonite particles enhance the dispersion and stability of the self-healing microcapsules, improving the repair efficiency of the material after damage and enhancing the mechanical properties of the repair layer. The nano-nickel-coated carbon particles not only improve the electrical conductivity and lubricity of the material but also promote the rapid curing of the repair layer during the self-healing process, further enhancing the efficiency and quality of the self-healing effect. Detailed implementation mode

[0043] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0044] The specific components in the following embodiments are as follows: (I) Tailings particles The tailings particles used in the present invention are tungsten tailings, and the main components in the tungsten tailings are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Chemical element content table of tungsten tailings (%) The tailings particles are screened as required or ground and screened by a ball mill, and the particle sizes are controlled to be 0.1 mm, 1.05 mm, or 2 mm as described in the embodiments.

[0045] (II) Alumina powder The alumina powder used is high-purity α-alumina with a purity ≥ 99.5% and an average particle size of 2 μm.

[0046] (III) Portland cement The general-purpose 42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement is selected, and the main components include: CaO (60 - 65 wt%), SiO2 (20 - 22 wt%), Al2O3 (4 - 7 wt%), Fe2O3 (3 - 5 wt%), and the rest are MgO, SO3, and other impurities, with a total amount not exceeding 5%.

[0047] (IV) Manufactured sand (V) Fiber (VI) Nano-hydroxyapatite The average particle size of the nano-hydroxyapatite particles is 50 nm, and the Ca / P molar ratio is 1.67.

[0048] (VII) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite After polypyrrole and polyaniline are compounded at a weight ratio of 1:1 and then ultrasonically dispersed, a conductive composite with an average particle size of about 100 nm is prepared.

[0049] (IX) Silica nanogel The silica nanogel is a commercial product with a density ≤ 0.05 g / cm³, a specific surface area ≥ 600 m² / g, and an average pore diameter of about 20 nm.

[0050] (X) Molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles The molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles are layered structure particles with an average particle size of about 50 nm and a purity ≥ 99%.

[0051] (XI) Paraffin microcapsules The core of the paraffin microcapsules is n-octadecane paraffin with a melting point of 58 °C, and the core material accounts for 75 wt% of the total weight of the microcapsules; the shell is urea-formaldehyde resin with a particle size of 10 μm.

[0052] (XII) Polyurethane-coated epoxy resin microcapsules The core of the microcapsules is bisphenol A epoxy resin (E-51), and the shell is polyurethane resin. The core resin accounts for 70 wt% of the total weight, and the particle size is 100 - 300 μm.

[0053] (XIII) Polyurethane-coated amine curing agent microcapsules The core of the microcapsules is diethylenetriamine (DETA), and the shell is polyurethane resin. The curing agent accounts for 65 wt% of the total weight, and the particle size is 100 - 300 μm.

[0054] (XIV) CaCO3 microcrystals The CaCO3 microcrystals are calcite crystal form, the particle size distribution is 5 - 15 μm, and the purity ≥ 98%.

[0055] (XV) Nanometer montmorillonite particles The average particle size of the nanometer montmorillonite particles is 80 nm, the layer spacing is about 1.2 nm, and the montmorillonite purity ≥ 95%.

[0056] (XVI) Nanometer nickel-coated carbon particles An amorphous carbon layer is coated on the surface of the nanometer nickel by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The average diameter of the particles is 60 nm, and the thickness of the carbon layer is about 5 nm.

[0057] Example 1 This example discloses a sound barrier made of tailings materials, which includes a base material, a functional additive, and a self-healing additive.

[0058] The base material includes the following components: (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, with a particle size of 0.1 mm.

[0059] (2) Alumina powder, 5 parts by weight; (3) Portland cement, 30 parts by weight; (4) Fibers, 1 part by weight; (5) Manufactured sand, 8 parts by weight; (6) Water, 8 parts by weight.

[0060] The functional additive includes the following components: (1) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 5 parts by weight; (2) Silica nanogel, 3 parts by weight; (3) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 2 parts by weight.

[0061] The self-healing additive includes the following components: (1) Self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin, 5 parts by weight, with a particle size of 100 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent, 2 parts by weight.

[0062] This embodiment also discloses a preparation method of a sound barrier made of tailings materials: S1 Raw material mixing: Mix each component of the base material in proportion to obtain a base material mixture; set the stirring speed to 300 rpm and the stirring time to 10 minutes.

[0063] S2 Functional additive preparation: Mix each component of the functional additive evenly in proportion to obtain a functional additive mixture; set the shear rate to 1000 rpm and the mixing time to 10 minutes. Control the mixing temperature at 25 °C.

[0064] S3 Self-healing additive preparation: Mix each component of the self-healing additive evenly in proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; adopt a planetary stirring process during mixing, with a stirring rate of 250 rpm and a stirring time of 30 minutes. Keep the humidity at 60% during mixing.

[0065] S4 Mixing and stirring: Mix and stir the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture, and the self-healing additive mixture in proportion by weight for 4 minutes, then add deionized water and stir for 6 minutes, and control the stirring speed at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry.

[0066] S5 Kneading: Put the evenly stirred slurry into a kneader for kneading.

[0067] S6 Vacuum extrusion molding: Inject the slurry into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding.

[0068] S7 Cutting and curing: After cutting the formed product, perform steam curing at 50 °C under normal pressure, and perform grinding and regularization as needed after curing.

[0069] Example 2 This example discloses a sound barrier made of tailings materials, which includes a base material, a functional additive, and a self-healing additive.

[0070] The base material includes the following components: (1) Tailings particles, 30 parts by weight, with a particle size of 2 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 8 parts by weight; (3) Portland cement, 40 parts by weight; (4) Fibers, 2 parts by weight; (5) Manufactured sand, 10 parts by weight; (6) Water, 9 parts by weight.

[0071] The functional additive includes the following components: (1) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 8 parts by weight; (2) Silica nanogel, 5 parts by weight; (3) Nano molybdenum disulfide particles, 4 parts by weight.

[0072] The self-healing additive includes the following components: (1) Self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin, 7 parts by weight, with a particle size of 300 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent, 3 parts by weight.

[0073] This example also discloses a preparation method of a sound barrier made of tailings materials: S1 Raw material mixing: Mix each component of the base material according to the ratio to obtain a base material mixture; the mixing speed is 500 rpm, and the stirring time is 15 minutes until the materials are uniform, and set aside.

[0074] S2 Functional additive preparation: Mix each component of the functional additive uniformly according to the ratio to obtain a functional additive mixture; the shear rate is set to 1500 rpm, the mixing temperature is controlled at 35 °C, and the stirring time is 20 minutes.

[0075] S3 Self-healing additive preparation: Mix each component of the self-healing additive uniformly according to the ratio to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; adopt a planetary stirring process during mixing, the stirring speed is set to 300 rpm, the stirring time is 40 minutes, and at the same time, strictly control the environmental humidity at 70%.

[0076] S4 Mixing and stirring: Mix and stir the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture, and the self-healing additive mixture according to the weight ratio for 4 minutes, then add deionized water and stir for 6 minutes, and control the stirring speed at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry.

[0077] S5 Kneading: Put the evenly stirred slurry into a kneader for kneading.

[0078] S6 Vacuum extrusion molding: Inject the slurry into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding.

[0079] S7 Cutting and curing: After cutting the formed product, perform steam curing at normal pressure of 70 °C. After curing, perform grinding and sizing as required.

[0080] Example 3 This example discloses a sound barrier made of tailings materials, which includes a base material, a functional additive, and a self-healing additive.

[0081] The base material includes the following components: (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, with a particle size of 1.05 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight; (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight; (4) Fiber, 1.5 parts by weight; (5) Machine-made sand, 9 parts by weight; (6) Water, 8.5 parts by weight.

[0082] The functional additive includes the following components: (1) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight; (2) Silica nanogel, 4 parts by weight; (3) Nano molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight.

[0083] The self-healing additive includes the following components: (1) Self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin, 6 parts by weight, with a particle size of 200 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent, 2.5 parts by weight.

[0084] This example also discloses a preparation method of a sound barrier made of tailings materials: S1 Raw material mixing: Mix each component of the base material according to the ratio to obtain a base material mixture; the mixing speed is 400 rpm, and the stirring time is 12 minutes until the materials are uniform, and set aside.

[0085] S2 Functional additive preparation: Uniformly mix each component of the functional additive according to the ratio to obtain a functional additive mixture; the shear rate is set at 1250 rpm, the mixing temperature is controlled at 30 °C, and the stirring time is 15 minutes.

[0086] Preparation of S3 self-healing additive: Mix each component of the self-healing additive in proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; use a planetary stirring process during mixing, set the stirring speed to 250 rpm, and the stirring time to 30 minutes. At the same time, strictly control the environmental humidity at 65%.

[0087] S4 Mixing and stirring: Mix and stir the substrate mixture, functional additive mixture, and self-healing additive mixture in proportion by weight for 4 minutes, then add deionized water and stir for 7 minutes. Control the stirring speed at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry.

[0088] S5 Kneading: Put the uniformly stirred slurry into a kneader for kneading.

[0089] S6 Vacuum extrusion molding: Inject the slurry into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding.

[0090] S7 Cutting and curing: After cutting the molded product, perform steam curing at normal pressure of 100 °C. After curing, perform grinding and shaping as needed.

[0091] Example 4 This example discloses a sound barrier made of tailings materials, which includes a substrate, a functional additive, and a self-healing additive; The substrate includes the following components: (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, with a particle size of 1.05 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight; (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight; (4) Fiber, 1.5 parts by weight; (5) Manufactured sand, 9 parts by weight; (6) Water, 8.5 parts by weight; (7) Nano-hydroxyapatite, 5 parts by weight.

[0092] The functional additive includes the following components: (1) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight; (2) Silica nano-aerogel, 4 parts by weight; (3) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight.

[0093] The self-healing additive includes the following components: (1) Self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin, 6 parts by weight, with a particle size of 200 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent, 2.5 parts by weight.

[0094] This embodiment also discloses a preparation method of a sound barrier made of tailing materials: S1 Raw material mixing: Mix each component of the base material in proportion to obtain a base material mixture; the mixing speed is 400 rpm, and the stirring time is 12 minutes until the materials are uniform, and then set aside.

[0095] S2 Preparation of functional additive: Mix each component of the functional additive evenly in proportion to obtain a functional additive mixture; the shear rate is set at 1250 rpm, the mixing temperature is controlled at 30 °C, and the stirring time is 15 minutes.

[0096] S3 Preparation of self-healing additive: Mix each component of the self-healing additive evenly in proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; adopt a planetary stirring process during mixing, the stirring speed is set at 250 rpm, the stirring time is 30 minutes, and the environmental humidity is strictly controlled at 65%.

[0097] S4 Mixing and stirring: Mix and stir the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture and the self-healing additive mixture according to the weight ratio for 4 minutes, then add deionized water and stir for 7 minutes, and the stirring speed is controlled at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry.

[0098] S5 Kneading: Put the evenly stirred slurry into a kneader for kneading.

[0099] S6 Vacuum extrusion molding: Inject the slurry into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding.

[0100] S7 Cutting and curing: After cutting the formed product, carry out steam curing at 100 °C under normal pressure, and carry out grinding and regularization as required after curing.

[0101] Example 5 This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailing materials, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0102] The base material includes the following components: (1) Tailing particles, 20 parts by weight, with a particle size of 1.05 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight; (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight; (4) Fiber, 1.5 parts by weight; (5) Manufactured sand, 9 parts by weight; (6) Water, 8.5 parts by weight; (7) Nano-hydroxyapatite, 5 parts by weight.

[0103] The functional additive includes the following components: (1) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight; (2) Silica nanogel, 4 parts by weight; (3) Nano molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight; (4) Paraffin microcapsules, 8 parts by weight.

[0104] The self-healing additive comprises the following components: (1) Self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin, 6 parts by weight, with a particle size of 200 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent, 2.5 parts by weight.

[0105] This embodiment also discloses a preparation method of a sound barrier made of tailings materials: S1 Raw material mixing: Mix each component of the base material in proportion to obtain a base material mixture; the mixing speed is 400 rpm, and the stirring time is 12 minutes until the materials are uniform, and set aside.

[0106] S2 Functional additive preparation: Uniformly mix each component of the functional additive in proportion to obtain a functional additive mixture; the shear rate is set at 1250 rpm, the mixing temperature is controlled at 30 °C, and the stirring time is 15 minutes.

[0107] S3 Self-healing additive preparation: Uniformly mix each component of the self-healing additive in proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; adopt a planetary stirring process during mixing, the stirring speed is set at 250 rpm, the stirring time is 30 minutes, and at the same time, strictly control the environmental humidity at 65%.

[0108] S4 Mixing and stirring: Mix and stir the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture and the self-healing additive mixture in proportion by weight for 4 min, then add deionized water and stir for 7 min, and control the stirring speed at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry.

[0109] S5 Kneading: Put the uniformly stirred slurry into a kneading machine for kneading.

[0110] S6 Vacuum extrusion molding: Inject the slurry into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding.

[0111] S7 Cutting and curing: After cutting the formed product, carry out steam curing at 100 °C under normal pressure, and carry out grinding and regularization as required after curing.

[0112] Example 6 The difference between this embodiment and Example 5 is that the surface of the paraffin microcapsules is coated with polyacrylate, and the specific steps are as follows: (1) Place 100 parts of paraffin microcapsules in a high-speed stirrer and stir and disperse at 400 rpm.

[0113] (2) Prepare a polyacrylate coating solution: Mix 30 parts of polyacrylate (aqueous emulsion with a solid content of 20 wt%) and 70 parts of deionized water evenly to prepare a polyacrylate dilution for standby.

[0114] (3) Slowly drop the polyacrylate dilution described in step (2) into the paraffin microcapsule dispersion in step (1), continue stirring, keep the stirring rate at 400 rpm, stir for 30 minutes, and keep the temperature at 25°C.

[0115] (4) After the stirring is completed, transfer the mixed system to a spray dryer for spray drying. Set the inlet air temperature of the drying tower to 140°C and the outlet air temperature to 70°C.

[0116] (5) Collect the dried polyacrylate-coated paraffin microcapsules to obtain paraffin microcapsules with a polyacrylate coating.

[0117] Example 7 The difference between this example and Example 6 is that the self-healing additive further adds 2 parts by weight of CaCO3 microcrystals.

[0118] This example discloses a sound barrier made of tailing materials, which includes a base material, a functional additive, and a self-healing additive.

[0119] The base material includes the following components: (1) Tailing particles, 20 parts by weight, with a particle size of 1.05 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight; (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight; (4) Fiber, 1.5 parts by weight; (5) Manufactured sand, 9 parts by weight; (6) Water, 8.5 parts by weight; (7) Nano-hydroxyapatite, 7 parts by weight.

[0120] The functional additive includes the following components: (1) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight; (2) Silica nano-aerogel, 4 parts by weight; (3) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight; (4) Paraffin microcapsules, 12 parts by weight.

[0121] The self-healing additive includes the following components: (1) Self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin, 6 parts by weight, with a particle size of 200 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent, 2.5 parts by weight; (3) CaCO3 microcrystals, 2 parts by weight.

[0122] Example 8 The difference between this example and Example 7 is that the self-healing additive further adds nano-montmorillonite particles with a weight ratio of 1:1 to the CaCO3 microcrystals.

[0123] This example discloses a sound barrier made of tailings materials, which includes a base material, a functional additive, and a self-healing additive.

[0124] The base material includes the following components: (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, with a particle size of 1.05 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight; (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight; (4) Fibers, 1.5 parts by weight; (5) Machine-made sand, 9 parts by weight; (6) Water, 8.5 parts by weight; (7) Nano-hydroxyapatite, 6 parts by weight.

[0125] The functional additive includes the following components: (1) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight; (2) Silica nano-aerogel, 4 parts by weight; (3) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight; (4) Paraffin microcapsules, 10 parts by weight.

[0126] The self-healing additive includes the following components: (1) Self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin, 6 parts by weight, with a particle size of 200 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent, 2.5 parts by weight; (3) CaCO3 microcrystals, 4 parts by weight; (4) Nano-montmorillonite particles, 4 parts by weight.

[0127] Example 9 The difference between this example and Example 8 is that 3 parts by weight of nano-nickel-coated carbon particles are added to the self-healing additive.

[0128] This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailings materials, which includes a base material, a functional additive, and a self-healing additive.

[0129] The base material includes the following components: (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, with a particle size of 1.05 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight; (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight; (4) Fibers, 1.5 parts by weight; (5) Manufactured sand, 9 parts by weight; (6) Water, 8.5 parts by weight; (7) Nano-hydroxyapatite, 6 parts by weight.

[0130] The functional additive includes the following components: (1) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight; (2) Silica nano-aerogel, 4 parts by weight; (3) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight; (4) Paraffin microcapsules, 10 parts by weight.

[0131] The self-healing additive includes the following components: (1) Self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin, 6 parts by weight, with a particle size of 200 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent, 2.5 parts by weight; (3) CaCO3 microcrystals, 3 parts by weight; (4) Nano-montmorillonite particles, 3 parts by weight; (5) Nano-nickel-coated carbon particles, 3 parts by weight.

[0132] Example 10 The difference between this embodiment and Example 8 is that 5 parts by weight of nano-nickel-coated carbon particles are added to the self-healing additive.

[0133] This embodiment discloses a sound barrier made of tailings materials, which includes a base material, a functional additive, and a self-healing additive.

[0134] The base material includes the following components: (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, with a particle size of 1.05 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight; (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight; (4) Fibers, 1.5 parts by weight; (5) Manufactured sand, 9 parts by weight; (6) Water, 8.5 parts by weight; (7) Nano-hydroxyapatite, 6 parts by weight.

[0135] The functional additive includes the following components: (1) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight; (2) Silica nano-aerogel, 4 parts by weight; (3) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight; (4) Paraffin microcapsules, 10 parts by weight.

[0136] The self-healing additive includes the following components: (1) Self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin, 6 parts by weight, with a particle size of 200 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent, 2.5 parts by weight; (3) CaCO3 microcrystals, 3 parts by weight; (4) Nano-montmorillonite particles, 3 parts by weight; (5) Nano-nickel-coated carbon particles, 5 parts by weight.

[0137] Example 11 The difference between this example and Example 8 is that 4 parts by weight of nano-nickel-coated carbon particles are added to the self-healing additive.

[0138] This example discloses a sound barrier made of tailings materials, which includes a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0139] The base material includes the following components: (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, with a particle size of 1.05 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight; (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight; (4) Fiber, 1.5 parts by weight; (5) Manufactured sand, 9 parts by weight; (6) Water, 8.5 parts by weight; (7) Nano-hydroxyapatite, 6 parts by weight.

[0140] The functional additive includes the following components: (1) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 6.5 parts by weight; (2) Silica nano-aerogel, 4 parts by weight; (3) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 3 parts by weight; (4) Paraffin microcapsules, 10 parts by weight.

[0141] The self-healing additive comprises the following components: (1) Self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin, 6 parts by weight, with a particle size of 200 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent, 2.5 parts by weight; (3) CaCO3 microcrystals, 3 parts by weight; (4) Nano montmorillonite particles, 3 parts by weight; (5) Nano nickel-coated carbon particles, 4 parts by weight.

[0142] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example discloses a sound barrier made of tailings materials, which comprises a base material, a functional additive and a self-healing additive.

[0143] The base material comprises the following components: (1) Tailings particles, 20 parts by weight, with a particle size of 1.05 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 6.5 parts by weight; (3) Portland cement, 35 parts by weight; (4) Fibers, 1.5 parts by weight; (5) Manufactured sand, 9 parts by weight; (6) Water, 8.5 parts by weight.

[0144] The self-healing additive comprises the following components: (1) Self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin, 5 parts by weight, with a particle size of 100 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent, 2 parts by weight.

[0145] This example also discloses a preparation method of a sound barrier made of tailings materials: S1 Raw material mixing: Mix each component of the base material according to the proportion to obtain a base material mixture; set the stirring speed at 300 rpm and the stirring time at 10 minutes.

[0146] S2 Self-healing additive preparation: Uniformly mix each component of the self-healing additive according to the proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; adopt a planetary stirring process during mixing, with a stirring rate of 250 rpm and a stirring time of 30 minutes. Keep the humidity at 60% during mixing.

[0147] S3 Mixing and stirring: Mix the base material mixture and the self-healing additive mixture according to the weight proportion, add deionized water and stir to form a uniform slurry; the stirring time for this step is 10 minutes and the stirring speed is 300 rpm to ensure full mixing of the materials and uniformity of the slurry.

[0148] S4 Vacuum extrusion molding: Inject the slurry into a vacuum extruder and extrude it into shape.

[0149] S5 Kneading: Put the evenly stirred slurry into a kneader for kneading.

[0150] S6 Vacuum extrusion molding: Inject the slurry into a vacuum extruder and extrude it into shape.

[0151] S7 Cutting and curing: After cutting the formed product, carry out steam curing under normal pressure at 100 °C. After the curing is completed, polish and regularize it as needed.

[0152] Examples 1 - 11 and Comparative Example 1 were detected by the following detection methods, and the detection results are shown in Table 2.

[0153] 1. Surface compressive strength test According to GB / T 51335 - 2018 "Technical Standard for Sound Barrier Structure", test the surface compressive strength of the sample.

[0154] 2. Flexural strength test According to the "Technical Standard for Sound Barrier Structure" (GB / T 51335 - 2018), test the flexural fracture load of the sample.

[0155] 3. Noise reduction coefficient test Test according to the standard of GB / T 20247 - 2006 "Acoustics - Measurement of sound absorption in a reverberation room".

[0156] 4. Air - weighted sound insulation measurement Test according to the detection standard of GB / T 19889.3 - 2005 "Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and building elements - Part 3: Laboratory measurement of airborne sound insulation of building elements".

[0157] 5. Self - healing performance test Artificially prefabricate cracks with a width of 200 μm, and the sample size is 40mm × 40mm × 160mm. After standing for 28 days at room temperature (25 °C) and humidity (60%), observe the crack healing situation through an optical microscope, measure the change in crack width and calculate the healing rate.

[0158] Table 2 Based on the above analysis, the nano - modification of the substrate and the introduction of functional additives can effectively improve the mechanical and acoustic properties of the sound barrier; the paraffin microcapsule and nano - particle surface coating technology significantly enhances the low - frequency sound absorption performance; the addition of CaCO3, nano - montmorillonite and nano - nickel - coated carbon particles in the self - healing additive greatly improves the self - healing performance and comprehensive durability of the material.

[0159] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sound barrier made of tailings materials, characterized in that, It includes a base material, a functional additive, and a self-healing additive; The base material includes the following components: (1) Tailings particles, 10 - 30 parts by weight, with a particle size of 0.1 - 2 mm; (2) Alumina powder, 5 - 8 parts by weight; (3) Cement, 30 - 40 parts by weight; (4) Fiber, 1 - 2 parts by weight; (5) Manufactured sand, 8 - 10 parts by weight; (6) Water, 8 - 9 parts by weight; The functional additive includes the following components: (1) Polypyrrole-polyaniline composite, 5 - 8 parts by weight; (2) Silica nano-aerogel, 3 - 5 parts by weight; (3) Nano-molybdenum disulfide particles, 2 - 4 parts by weight; The self-healing additive includes the following components: (1) Self-healing microcapsules of polyurethane-coated epoxy resin, 5 - 7 parts by weight, with a particle size of 100 - 300 μm; (2) Curing agent microcapsules of polyurethane-coated amine curing agent, 2 - 3 parts by weight.

2. The sound barrier made of tailings materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, 5 - 7 parts by weight of nano-hydroxyapatite is added to the base material.

3. The sound barrier made of tailings materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, 8 - 12 parts by weight of paraffin microcapsules are also added to the functional additive.

4. The sound barrier made of tailings materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The surface of the paraffin microcapsules is coated with polyacrylate.

5. The sound barrier made of tailings materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, 2 - 4 parts by weight of CaCO3 microcrystals are also added to the self-healing additive.

6. The sound barrier made of tailings materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, Nano-montmorillonite particles with a weight ratio of 1:1 to the CaCO3 microcrystals are also added to the self-healing additive.

7. The sound barrier made of tailings materials according to claim 4, wherein, 3 - 5 parts by weight of nano-nickel-coated carbon particles are added to the self-healing additive.

8. A preparation method of a sound barrier made of tailings materials according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1 Raw material mixing: Mix each component of the base material in proportion to obtain a base material mixture; S2 Functional additive preparation: Uniformly mix each component of the functional additive in proportion to obtain a functional additive mixture; S3 Self-healing additive preparation: Uniformly mix each component of the self-healing additive in proportion to obtain a self-healing additive mixture; S4 Mixing and stirring: Mix and stir the base material mixture, the functional additive mixture, and the self-healing additive mixture in proportion by weight for 3 - 4 min, then add deionized water and stir for 6 - 7 min, and control the stirring speed at 240 rpm to form a uniform slurry; S5 Kneading: Put the uniformly stirred slurry into a kneader for kneading; S6 Vacuum extrusion molding: Inject the slurry into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding; S7 Cutting and curing: After cutting the formed product, carry out steam curing at normal pressure at 50 - 100 °C, and carry out grinding and regularization as required after curing.

9. The preparation method of a sound barrier made of tailing materials according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the step S2, when mixing the functional additive, a shear stirring process is adopted, the shear rate is 1000 - 1500 rpm, and the time is 10 - 20 minutes; at the same time, control the mixing temperature at 25 - 35 °C.

10. The preparation method of a sound barrier made of tailings materials according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S3, when mixing the self-healing additive mixture, a planetary stirring process is adopted, the stirring rate is 200 - 300 rpm, and the stirring time is 20 - 40 minutes; keep the humidity at 60% - 70% during mixing.

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