Polymer, application thereof and water-soluble flame-retardant composite material

Abstract

The invention discloses a polymer, application thereof and a water-soluble flame-retardant composite material, and belongs to the technical field of flame-retardant materials. The polymer is prepared by mixing methacrylic acid or acrylic acid with a polyphosphoric acid monomer, an organic silicon monomer, an acrylate monomer, a reducing agent and an initiator and carrying out solution polymerization reaction; the structure of the polyphosphoric acid monomer is shown as a formula 1. The polymer has excellent adhesion, film-forming property and flame retardance as a water-soluble flame-retardant material, can be used as the water-soluble flame-retardant material, can also be used as a film-forming agent or an auxiliary agent in the fields of infiltrating fibers and other coatings, helps to improve the flame retardance of a film or a coating, and has good application prospects. The mechanical property reduction caused by a mixed flame retardant and other defects caused by the mechanical property are reduced. # imgabs0 #

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flame retardant materials, and particularly to a polymer and its application, and a water-soluble flame retardant composite material. Background Art

[0002] Flame retardant materials are a special type of materials that can slow down or prevent the spread of flames. They play a crucial role in industries such as electronics and electrical, construction, transportation, and aerospace. These materials achieve the flame retardant effect by adding organic or inorganic flame retardants. The development of flame retardant materials is of great significance for improving the safety of products and reducing the fire risk. In addition, improving the efficiency of flame retardants, reducing the addition amount, improving the compatibility with the substrate, and developing new environmentally friendly flame retardants are the key points of current scientific research work.

[0003] In the field of composite material manufacturing, filling fiber materials with flame retardant effects into resins can enable the materials to obtain better performance while reducing the amount of combustion aids. Reducing the amount of flame retardants by adding flame retardant glass fibers is a cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and performance-optimizing potential strategy. With the continuous progress of technology, this method is expected to be applied in more flame retardant materials and products. For example, Patent CN111205714A discloses an aqueous uv flame retardant coating containing a "three-source combination" flame retardant and its preparation method. The coating has the advantages of small particle size and good storage stability through the combination of specific modified flame retardants and phosphorus-based flame retardants, and significantly improves the flame retardant performance, breaking strength, and breaking elongation of viscose fibers. Patent CN114213891A relates to a preparation method of a hybrid flame retardant and an aqueous steel structure fireproof coating. Through innovative flame retardant design, the fireproof performance and application scope of the coating are improved. Patent CN115651440A discloses a melamine formaldehyde resin-coated adenosine triphosphate flame retardant and its application in fireproof coatings. This flame retardant has good thermal stability and flame retardant effect and is suitable for the fire protection of various substrates.

[0004] However, traditional flame retardants are mostly solid and have poor water solubility. The addition of these flame retardants may affect the film-forming property, resulting in a reduction in the mechanical properties of the fibers, such as strength, toughness, and heat resistance. At the same time, the flame retardants may interfere with the interfacial bonding between the glass fiber and the matrix resin, increasing the processing difficulty of the material. In polymer synthesis, functional monomers are often added to improve the performance of the polymer or endow the polymer with specific groups and properties. Copolymerization-modified flame-retardant polymers refer to a method of introducing flame-retardant elements or flame-retardant monomers into the polymer chain through copolymerization reactions, thereby endowing the material with flame-retardant properties. This modification technology can make the flame-retardant performance more durable and efficient because the flame-retardant elements are part of the polymer structure, rather than simply mixed or added to the material. Compared with traditional additive flame retardants, reactive flame retardants can be more evenly dispersed in the polymer substrate, providing a more lasting flame-retardant effect and having less impact on the physical properties of the material.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great significance to research and develop a new type of reactive flame retardant for the preparation of flame-retardant materials. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a polymer, its application, and a water-soluble flame-retardant composite material. The polymer has excellent adhesion, film-forming property, and flame retardancy as a water-soluble flame-retardant material.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The present invention provides a polymer prepared by solution polymerization reaction of methacrylic acid or acrylic acid with a polyphosphoric acid monomer, an organosilicon monomer, an acrylate monomer, a reducing agent, and an initiator;

[0009] The structure of the polyphosphoric acid monomer is shown in Formula 1:

[0010] Formula 1.

[0011] The above polymer is prepared by redox-initiated free radical solution polymerization. The polymer has a high-adhesion main polymer chain with methacrylic acid or acrylic acid, enabling it to bind to a variety of substrates.

[0012] The polymer has good water solubility and good aqueous solution dispersibility. When coated on the surface of other materials, it has better dispersibility than traditional flame retardants, significantly improving the deficiency of mechanical property decline caused by physical defects. Moreover, the polymer can also improve the mechanical properties of the coated material, achieving a toughening effect.

[0013] Since the polymer can prevent ignition, melting and dripping, and rapidly carbonize under fire after film formation, and has excellent flame retardant properties, the aqueous solution of the polymer can be used as a flame retardant film-forming agent for fibers. Moreover, due to the good compatibility between the aqueous solution and the emulsion of the polymer, it can also be used as a general additive to be added to various emulsions to improve the flame retardancy of composite flame retardant materials.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of methacrylic acid or acrylic acid to the polyphosphoric acid monomer is (20 - 40):(1 - 6); more preferably (21 - 25):(1 - 3); further preferably 25:1 or 23.75:1 or 22.5:1 or 21.25:1.

[0015] The mass ratio of the acrylate monomer to the polyphosphoric acid monomer is (2 - 10):(1 - 6); more preferably (4 - 10):(2 - 4); further preferably 5:4 or 10:4.

[0016] The mass ratio of the silicone monomer to the polyphosphoric acid monomer is (2 - 5):(1 - 6); more preferably 1:1.

[0017] The mass ratio of the reducing agent, initiator to the silicone monomer is (1 - 4):(1 - 4):(2 - 5). More preferably 1:1:1.

[0018] Preferably, the temperature of the solution polymerization reaction is 70°C - 90°C; more preferably 75°C - 85°C; further preferably 80°C.

[0019] Preferably, the time of the solution polymerization reaction is 4 - 7h.

[0020] After the solution polymerization reaction, other post-treatments such as neutralization are also included.

[0021] The base used for the post-treatment after neutralization is industrial ammonia water.

[0022] The concentration of the industrial ammonia water is 26%.

[0023] The mass ratio of the industrial ammonia water to the silicone monomer is preferably (20 - 30):(2 - 5).

[0024] Preferably, the polyphosphoric acid monomer is prepared by mixing and heating glutamic acid, phosphorous acid, phosphorus trichloride, and methanesulfonic acid for reaction, and then performing an amidation reaction with acryloyl chloride after the reaction ends.

[0025] Preferably, the temperature of the heating reaction is 140°C - 170°C; more preferably 145°C - 160°C; further preferably 150°C.

[0026] Preferably, the temperature of the amidation reaction is 20°C - 30°C.

[0027] Preferably, the organosilicon monomer of the present invention is selected from one or more of vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, triethoxyvinylsilane, and methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; more preferably vinyltriethoxysilane or triethoxyvinylsilane; further preferably triethoxyvinylsilane.

[0028] Preferably, the acrylate monomer of the present invention is selected from one or more of methacrylate, methyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, and isobornyl acrylate; more preferably glycidyl methacrylate or 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate.

[0029] Preferably, the reducing agent of the present invention is selected from one or more of sodium bisulfite, ascorbic acid, sodium hypophosphite, magnesium hypophosphite, aluminum hypophosphite, and calcium hypophosphite; more preferably one or more of sodium bisulfite, ascorbic acid, and sodium hypophosphite; further preferably sodium bisulfite and sodium hypophosphite.

[0030] Preferably, the initiator of the present invention is selected from one or more of ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, dimethyl 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionate), 2,2'-azobis(2-cyanovaleric acid), hydrogen peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, and tert-butyl perbenzoate; more preferably one or more of ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and 2,2'-azobis(2-cyanovaleric acid); further preferably ammonium persulfate and 2,2'-azobis(2-cyanovaleric acid).

[0031] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method of the above polymer comprises the following steps:

[0032] (1) Mix and stir methacrylic acid or acrylic acid with the organosilicon monomer, methacrylate, and polyphosphoric acid monomer to dissolve them into a liquid state, and then introduce N2 into it to discharge the oxygen to obtain a monomer mixture 1;

[0033] (2) Dissolve the initiator and the reducing agent in water and introduce N2, and then mix and react with the monomer mixture 1, and cool down to obtain a mixture 2;

[0034] (3) Add ammonia water to the mixture 2 for neutralization to obtain a polymer solution 1, which is a solution containing the above polymer.

[0035] The present invention also provides the application of the above polymer as a water-soluble flame retardant material.

[0036] The present invention also provides a water-soluble flame retardant composite material, comprising the above polymer.

[0037] Preferably, the water-soluble flame retardant composite material further comprises a thermoplastic polyurethane emulsion for glass fiber or a thermoplastic polyvinyl acetate emulsion for glass fiber.

[0038] In the water-soluble flame retardant composite material, the mass ratio of the thermoplastic polyurethane emulsion for glass fiber or the thermoplastic polyvinyl acetate emulsion for glass fiber to the water-soluble flame retardant material is preferably 4:1.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the polymer provided by the present invention is prepared by solution polymerization of methacrylic acid or acrylic acid with polyphosphoric acid monomers, organosilicon monomers, acrylate monomers, reducing agents, and initiators. The polymer has excellent adhesion, film-forming property, and flame retardancy as a water-soluble flame retardant material. It can be used as a water-soluble flame retardant material, or as a film-forming agent or additive in wetting fibers and other coating fields to help improve the flame retardancy of films or coatings, and reduce the mechanical property degradation caused by mixed flame retardants and other defects caused by mechanical properties. Description of the Drawings

[0040] Figure 1 It is a vertical burning test diagram of the spline in Example 1;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a vertical burning test diagram of the spline in Example 2;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a vertical burning test diagram of the spline in Comparative Example 1;

[0043] Figure 4 It is a vertical burning test diagram of the spline in Comparative Example 2;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a vertical burning test diagram of the spline in Example 8;

[0045] Figure 6 It is a vertical burning test diagram of the spline in Example 9. Detailed Embodiments

[0046] To further illustrate the present invention, the polymer provided by the present invention, its applications, and the water-soluble flame retardant composite material will be described in detail below with reference to examples.

[0047] The synthesis process of the following phosphorus monomer is shown as follows:

[0048]

[0049] (1) Dissolve 16.5 g of glutamic acid in 80 mL of methanesulfonic acid solution and stir evenly, then gradually add 16 g of phosphorous acid to the solution and keep stirring at a constant speed of 300 Rpm for 20 min to obtain a mixed solution;

[0050] (2) Heat the mixed solution to 65 °C and stir for 60 min. Then cool the mixed solution to 30 °C. After the temperature stabilizes for 10 min, slowly add 35 mL of phosphorus trichloride dropwise using a constant temperature and constant pressure funnel. After the addition, stabilize the solution at 35 °C for 20 min. Then heat the mixed solution to 65 °C and stir at 65 °C for 24 h. Then cool the mixed solution to 0 - 5 °C and slowly add 180 mL of deionized water at 0 - 5 °C dropwise. After the addition, adjust the stirring rod speed to 800 Rpm and stir for 30 min. Subsequently, slowly heat the mixed solvent to 150 °C and reflux for 6 h, and cool the solution to 20 °C.

[0051] (3) Then, under an ice - water bath, adjust the pH value of the solution to 4.2 - 4.5 with a 50% sodium hydroxide solution. Subsequently, stir the solution at low temperature for 3 h, and a large amount of white precipitate is generated in the reaction flask. Filter and collect the white precipitate in the reaction flask, wash the precipitate with a mixed solution of water and ethanol in a ratio of 1:1, and then wash the precipitate with ethanol twice. Dry the finally collected white solid at room temperature in a vacuum oven.

[0052] (4) Dissolve the white product (10 g) obtained in the previous step in 200 mL of a 2% sodium hydroxide solution. Under ice - water bath conditions, slowly add 60 mL of a tetrahydrofuran solution containing 10 mL of acryloyl chloride dropwise to the above - mentioned solution in 3 portions, with an interval of 15 min between each addition. After the second addition, adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 9 - 10 with a 20% sodium hydroxide solution. Then wash with ethyl acetate three times, separate the layers, retain the aqueous phase, and then slowly add it to methanol for precipitation and centrifugation to obtain a white solid. Wash the white solid repeatedly with methanol and then dry it at room temperature in a vacuum oven to obtain the phosphorus monomer (i.e., the polyphosphoric acid monomer).

[0053] Example 1

[0054] Step 1: Add 100 g of acrylic acid, 5 g of glycidyl methacrylate, 4 g of triethoxyvinylsilane, and 4 g of phosphorus monomer into a container, and introduce N2. Stir for 10 min to obtain monomer mixture 1.

[0055] Step 2: Add 2 g of sodium bisulfite, 2 g of sodium hypophosphite, 3 g of ammonium persulfate, 1 g of azodicyanovalerate, and 100 mL of water into a reaction flask filled with N2. Stir for 10 min and then raise the temperature to 80 °C.

[0056] Step 3: Slowly add monomer mixture 1 to the mixture in Step 2. After reacting for 4 h, lower the temperature to 25 °C.

[0057] Step 4: Slowly add 60 mL of ammonia water to the mixture in Step 3 for neutralization to finally obtain polymer solution 1.

[0058] Step Five: Take 3 g of the polymer solution 1 and add it to a mold, then dry it at 100 °C to obtain Film 1.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Step One: Put 95 g of acrylic acid, 10 g of glycidyl methacrylate, 4 g of triethoxyvinylsilane, and 4 g of phosphorus monomer into a container, and introduce N2, then stir for 10 min to obtain monomer mixture 2.

[0061] Step Two: Put 2 g of sodium bisulfite, 2 g of sodium hypophosphite, 3 g of ammonium persulfate, 1 g of azodicyanovalerate, and 100 mL of water into a reaction flask with N2 introduced, stir for 10 min, and then raise the temperature to 80 °C.

[0062] Step Three: Slowly dropwise add monomer mixture 2 to the mixture in Step Two, and after a reaction time of 4 h, lower the temperature to 25 °C.

[0063] Step Four: Slowly dropwise add 57 mL of ammonia water to the mixture in Step Three for neutralization. Finally, obtain polymer solution 2.

[0064] Step Five: Take 3 g of the polymer solution 2 and add it to a mold, then dry it at 100 °C to obtain Film 2.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] Step One: Put 90 g of acrylic acid, 5 g of glycidyl methacrylate, 10 g of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 4 g of triethoxyvinylsilane, and 4 g of phosphorus monomer into a container, and introduce N2, then stir for 10 min to obtain monomer mixture 3.

[0067] Step Two: Put 2 g of sodium bisulfite, 2 g of sodium hypophosphite, 3 g of ammonium persulfate, 1 g of azodicyanovalerate, and 100 mL of water into a reaction flask with N2 introduced, stir for 10 min, and then raise the temperature to 80 °C.

[0068] Step Three: Slowly dropwise add monomer mixture 2 to the mixture in Step Two, and after a reaction time of 4 h, lower the temperature to 25 °C.

[0069] Step Four: Slowly dropwise add 54 mL of ammonia water to the mixture in Step Three for neutralization. Finally, obtain polymer solution 3.

[0070] Step Five: Take 3 g of the polymer solution 3 and add it to a mold, then dry it at 100 °C to obtain Film 3.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] Step 1: Add 95 g of acrylic acid, 5 g of glycidyl methacrylate, 5 g of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 4 g of triethoxyvinylsilane, and 4 g of phosphorus monomer into a container, and introduce N2. Stir for 10 min to obtain monomer mixture 4.

[0073] Step 2: Add 2 g of sodium bisulfite, 2 g of sodium hypophosphite, 3 g of ammonium persulfate, 1 g of azodicyanovalerate, and 100 mL of water into a reaction flask with N2 introduced. After stirring for 10 min, raise the temperature to 80 °C.

[0074] Step 3: Slowly dropwise add monomer mixture 2 into the mixture in Step 2. After reacting for 4 h, lower the temperature to 25 °C.

[0075] Step 4: Slowly dropwise add 57 mL of ammonia water into the mixture in Step 3 for neutralization. Finally, obtain polymer solution 4.

[0076] Step 5: Take 3 g of polymer solution 4 and add it into a mold, and dry it at 100 °C to obtain film 4.

[0077] Example 5

[0078] Step 1: Add 85 g of acrylic acid, 10 g of glycidyl methacrylate, 10 g of methacrylic acid, 4 g of triethoxyvinylsilane, and 4 g of phosphorus monomer into a container, and introduce N2. Stir for 10 min to obtain monomer mixture 5.

[0079] Step 2: Add 2 g of sodium bisulfite, 2 g of sodium hypophosphite, 3 g of ammonium persulfate, 1 g of azodicyanovalerate, and 100 mL of water into a reaction flask with N2 introduced. After stirring for 10 min, raise the temperature to 80 °C.

[0080] Step 3: Slowly dropwise add monomer mixture 2 into the mixture in Step 2. After reacting for 4 h, lower the temperature to 25 °C.

[0081] Step 4: Slowly dropwise add 51 mL of ammonia water into the mixture in Step 3 for neutralization. Finally, obtain polymer solution 5.

[0082] Step 5: Take 3 g of polymer solution 5 and add it into a mold, and dry it at 100 °C to obtain film 5.

[0083] Example 6

[0084] Step 1: Add 95 g of acrylic acid, 5 g of glycidyl methacrylate, 5 g of butyl acrylate, 4 g of triethoxyvinylsilane, and 4 g of phosphorus monomer into a container, and introduce N2. Stir for 10 min to obtain monomer mixture 6.

[0085] Step 2: Add 2 g of sodium bisulfite, 2 g of sodium hypophosphite, 3 g of ammonium persulfate, 1 g of azodicyanovalerate, and 100 mL of water into a reaction flask filled with N2. After stirring for 10 min, raise the temperature to 80 °C.

[0086] Step 3: Slowly add the monomer mixture 2 dropwise to the mixture obtained in Step 2. After a reaction time of 4 h, lower the temperature to 25 °C.

[0087] Step 4: Slowly add 57 mL of ammonia water dropwise to the mixture obtained in Step 3 for neutralization. Finally, obtain the polymer solution 6.

[0088] Step 5: Take 3 g of the polymer solution 6 and add it to a mold, then dry it at 100 °C to obtain the film 6.

[0089] Example 7

[0090] Step 1: Add 95 g of acrylic acid, 5 g of hydroxyethyl acrylate, 10 g of butyl acrylate, 4 g of triethoxyvinylsilane, and 4 g of phosphorus monomer into a container and introduce N2, then stir for 10 min to obtain the monomer mixture 7.

[0091] Step 2: Add 2 g of sodium bisulfite, 2 g of sodium hypophosphite, 3 g of ammonium persulfate, 1 g of azodicyanovalerate, and 100 mL of water into a reaction flask filled with N2. After stirring for 10 min, raise the temperature to 80 °C.

[0092] Step 3: Slowly add the monomer mixture 2 dropwise to the mixture obtained in Step 2. After a reaction time of 4 h, lower the temperature to 25 °C.

[0093] Step 4: Slowly add 57 mL of ammonia water dropwise to the mixture obtained in Step 3 for neutralization. Finally, obtain the polymer solution 7.

[0094] Step 5: Take 3 g of the polymer solution 7 and add it to a mold, then dry it at 100 °C to obtain the film 7.

[0095] Example 8

[0096] Mix 20 g of the polymer solution 1 prepared above with 80 g of emulsion 1 (a thermoplastic polyurethane emulsion for glass fiber). After stirring evenly, take 3 g of the mixture and add it to a mold, then dry it at 100 °C to obtain the film 8.

[0097] Example 9

[0098] Mix 20 g of the polymer solution 1 prepared above with 80 g of emulsion 2 (a thermoplastic polyvinyl acetate emulsion for glass fiber). After stirring evenly, take 3 g of the mixture and add it to a mold, then dry it at 100 °C to obtain the film 9.

[0099] Comparative Example 1

[0100] Take 3 g of Emulsion 1 used in Example 8 and place it in a mold. Dry it at 100 °C to obtain Comparative Film 1.

[0101] Comparative Example 2

[0102] Take 3 g of Emulsion 2 used in Example 9 and place it in a mold. Dry it at 100 °C to obtain Comparative Film 2.

[0103] The following Table 1 shows the test results of the film properties prepared in Examples 1 - 7, and Table 2 shows the flame retardant properties of the films prepared in Examples 8 - 9 and Comparative Examples 1 - 2.

[0104] Table 1 Performance Indexes of the Films Prepared in Examples 1 - 7

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] Table 2 Flame Retardant Properties of the Films Prepared in Examples 8 - 9 and Comparative Examples 1 - 2

[0108] Number Ignition time (s) Self-extinguishing time (s) Whether there is dripping Comparative example 1 0 / Yes Comparative example 2 0 / Yes Example 8 / / No Example 9 8 3 No

[0109] The ignition time in Table 1 and Table 2 above refers to the time required from the ignition source contacting the material to the material being ignited. If this time is shorter, it indicates that the material is relatively easy to be ignited. Among them, 0 represents that the material is relatively easy to be ignited, and / represents that the material is not ignited and does not burn.

[0110] Figure 1 It is the vertical burning test diagram of the specimen in Example 1; Figure 2 It is the vertical burning test diagram of the specimen in Example 2; Figure 3 It is the vertical burning test diagram of the specimen in Comparative Example 1; Figure 4 It is the vertical burning test diagram of the specimen in Comparative Example 2; Figure 5 It is the vertical burning test diagram of the specimen in Example 8; Figure 6 It is the vertical burning test diagram of the specimen in Example 9.

[0111] From the test situation of the above experiments, it can be seen that the polymer film prepared from the polymer solution of the present invention will not drip under the condition of burning for 15 s, and when burning in a methane flame, the surface of the film quickly undergoes carbonization, and it will not produce flames itself, showing a very beneficial flame retardant effect. Comparing Examples 8 and 9 with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 burn out quickly under the flame, while Examples 8 and 9, which respectively add the said Emulsion 1 and Emulsion 2, burn more slowly, and even Example 8 will not be ignited and does not undergo melting and dripping. Therefore, the polymer solution of the present invention can not only prepare a film with excellent flame retardancy, but also be added as an additive to other components to enhance the flame retardant performance.

[0112] The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polymer, characterized in that, It is prepared by mixing methacrylic acid or acrylic acid with polyphosphoric acid monomer, organosilicon monomer, acrylate monomer, reducing agent and initiator and carrying out solution polymerization reaction; The structure of the polyphosphoric acid monomer is shown in Formula 1:

2. The polymer according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of the methacrylic acid or acrylic acid to the polyphosphoric acid monomer is (20 - 40):(1 - 6); The mass ratio of the acrylate monomer to the polyphosphoric acid monomer is (2 - 10):(1 - 6); The mass ratio of the organosilicon monomer to the polyphosphoric acid monomer is (2 - 5):(1 - 6); The mass ratio of the reducing agent, initiator to the organosilicon monomer is (1 - 4):(1 - 4):(2 - 5).

3. The polymer according to claim 1, wherein The temperature of the solution polymerization reaction is 70°C - 90°C; The time of the solution polymerization reaction is 4 - 7 h.

4. The polymer according to claim 1, wherein The polyphosphoric acid monomer is prepared by mixing glutamic acid, phosphorous acid, phosphorus trichloride and methanesulfonic acid for heating reaction, and then carrying out amidation reaction with acryloyl chloride after the reaction ends.

5. The polymer according to claim 4, wherein The temperature of the heating reaction is 140°C - 170°C; The temperature of the amidation reaction is 20°C - 30°C.

6. The polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organosilicon monomer is selected from one or more of vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, trivinyloxyvinylsilane, methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; The acrylate monomer is selected from one or more of methacrylate, methyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, isobornyl acrylate.

7. The polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reducing agent is selected from one or more of sodium bisulfite, ascorbic acid, sodium hypophosphite, magnesium hypophosphite, aluminum hypophosphite, calcium hypophosphite; The initiator is selected from one or more of ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, dimethyl 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionate), 2,2'-azobis(2-cyanopentanoic acid), hydrogen peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate.

8. Use of the polymer according to any one of claims 1 - 7 as a water-soluble flame retardant material.

9. A water-soluble flame retardant composite material, characterized in that, Comprising the polymer according to any one of claims 1 - 7.

10. The water-soluble flame retardant composite material according to claim 9, wherein, The water-soluble flame retardant composite material further comprises a thermoplastic polyurethane emulsion for glass fiber or a thermoplastic polyvinyl acetate emulsion for glass fiber.

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