High-pressure electromagnetic valve and hydrogen storage bottle group

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen supply of fuel cell vehicles, in particular to a high-pressure electromagnetic valve and a hydrogen storage bottle group, the high-pressure electromagnetic valve comprises a valve body, a valve core, an electromagnetic valve core, an electromagnetic valve core and an electromagnetic valve core, the main valve assembly is arranged in the valve body and used for controlling connection and disconnection between the air inlet and the air outlet; the pilot valve assembly is arranged in the valve body and is driven by an electromagnetic coil arranged on the valve body; the one-way valve assembly is arranged in the main valve assembly; when the electromagnetic coil is not powered on, the pilot valve assembly compresses the main valve assembly so as to maintain the closed state of the main valve assembly and block the air inlet end of the one-way valve assembly. After the electromagnetic coil is electrified, the pilot valve assembly is separated from the main valve assembly and opens the air inlet end of the one-way valve assembly; if the pressure in the gas cylinder is smaller than the opening force of the one-way valve assembly, the main valve assembly is kept closed under the pressure difference effect; and if the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the opening force of the one-way valve assembly, the one-way valve assembly is opened to reduce the pressure difference between the two sides of the main valve assembly, and the main valve assembly is pulled to be opened through the pilot valve assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen supply for fuel cell vehicles, and particularly to a high-pressure solenoid valve and a hydrogen storage bottle group. Background Art

[0002] As an advanced energy conversion device, a fuel cell can directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy, and has significant advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, low pollution emissions, diverse fuel sources, low operating noise, strong reliability, and easy maintenance. Therefore, they are widely used in various mobile and fixed power solutions, especially in the field of new energy vehicles as a clean energy option for driving vehicles.

[0003] In a fuel cell vehicle (FCEV), the on-vehicle hydrogen supply system is one of the key components to ensure the normal operation of the fuel cell. A typical on-vehicle hydrogen supply system includes, but is not limited to, components such as a hydrogen filling port, a high-pressure gas cylinder, a cylinder valve, a solenoid valve, a pressure reducing valve, a safety valve, a relief valve, a pressure sensor, and pipeline connectors. These components work together to ensure the safe storage and efficient supply of hydrogen.

[0004] When the vehicle is refueled with hydrogen, the hydrogen filling machine needs to be connected to the hydrogen filling port on the vehicle, and the hydrogen filling machine must first measure the pressure of the remaining gas in the gas cylinder. According to industry standards and safety regulations, only when the pressure in the gas cylinder is detected to exceed 2 MPa will the hydrogen filling machine start the formal hydrogen filling process to prevent potential risks or incomplete filling caused by too low pressure. Modern high-pressure gas cylinders, especially type-IV composite gas cylinders, adopt a plastic inner liner design, which provides the advantage of light weight, but requires the gas cylinder to maintain a certain positive pressure inside during daily storage to avoid local collapse of the plastic inner liner due to external environmental pressure, thereby affecting its structural integrity and service performance. Therefore, maintaining an appropriate internal pressure is crucial for ensuring the long-term stable operation of the gas cylinder. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a high-pressure solenoid valve and a hydrogen storage bottle group to solve the safety hazards and gas backflow problems caused by the solenoid valve being able to open under any air pressure conditions when the hydrogen storage cylinder supplies hydrogen to the downstream fuel cell system, and to achieve the function of allowing gas to flow out only when the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the safety threshold, ensuring that the minimum gas storage pressure is maintained in the gas cylinder, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0006] The present invention provides a high-pressure solenoid valve, comprising: a valve body having an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet is connected to a gas cylinder; a main valve assembly disposed within the valve body for controlling the on / off between the air inlet and the air outlet; a pilot valve assembly disposed within the valve body and driven by an electromagnetic coil provided on the valve body; a check valve assembly disposed inside the main valve assembly; wherein when the electromagnetic coil is not energized, the pilot valve assembly presses against the main valve assembly to maintain the closed state of the main valve assembly and block the air inlet end of the check valve assembly; after the electromagnetic coil is energized, the pilot valve assembly disengages from the main valve assembly and opens the air inlet end of the check valve assembly; if the pressure in the gas cylinder is less than the opening force of the check valve assembly, the main valve assembly remains closed under the action of the pressure difference; if the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the opening force of the check valve assembly, the check valve assembly opens to reduce the pressure difference on both sides of the main valve assembly, and the main valve assembly is pulled to open by the pilot valve assembly.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the valve body includes a sleeve made of non-magnetic material; the main valve assembly and the pilot valve assembly are installed inside the sleeve, and the electromagnetic coil is disposed outside the sleeve.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the main valve assembly includes a main valve flap slidably disposed within the sleeve, and the check valve assembly is disposed within the main valve flap; a pilot chamber connecting the air inlet is formed between the upper end of the main valve flap and the pilot valve assembly, a pilot hole is opened at the upper end of the main valve flap, and the pilot hole communicates with the check valve assembly within the main valve flap; the lower end of the main valve flap is used to block the air outlet, and when the main valve flap disengages from the air outlet, a main valve passage is formed between the air inlet and the air outlet.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the main valve assembly includes a main valve gasket and a compression screw; the main valve gasket is fixed to the lower end of the main valve flap by the compression screw, the compression screw has a hollow structure, one end of the hollow structure faces the pilot hole, and the other end faces the air outlet, and the check valve assembly is integrated within the hollow structure of the compression screw; the main valve gasket is made of engineering plastic material for sealing the inner opening of the air outlet.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the check valve assembly includes a check valve flap, a check valve spring, and a first spring seat; the check valve flap is movably disposed within the hollow structure of the compression screw, the first spring seat is fixedly disposed at one end of the hollow structure facing the air outlet, and the check valve spring is disposed between the check valve flap and the first spring seat to provide an elastic force for blocking the pilot hole by the check valve flap.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pilot valve assembly includes an armature stop and an armature made of a magnetically conductive material; a locking nut is provided at the top end of the sleeve, and the armature stop is fixed to the locking nut; the armature is movably arranged within the sleeve; an elastic mechanism is provided between the armature and the armature stop, and one side of the armature facing away from the armature stop is floatingly connected to the main valve flap.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a first card slot structure is provided at the upper end of the main valve flap, and a second card slot structure is provided at the lower end of the armature; within the sleeve, the main valve flap and the armature are floatingly connected in the length direction of the sleeve through the first card slot structure and the second card slot structure.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the elastic mechanism includes a pilot valve rod, a pilot spring, and a second spring seat; the armature is provided with a slide rod cavity, one end of the pilot valve rod is slidably arranged within the slide rod cavity, and the other end of the pilot valve rod extends out of the top of the slide rod cavity to contact the armature stop; the second spring seat is installed at the bottom of the slide rod cavity, and the pilot spring is arranged between the pilot valve rod and the second spring seat.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a pilot seal pad is provided on the side of the second spring seat facing the main valve flap, and the pilot seal pad is made of an engineering plastic material to close the pilot hole through the pilot seal pad when the electromagnetic coil is not energized.

[0015] The present invention also provides a hydrogen storage cylinder group, including a gas cylinder and the high-pressure solenoid valve of the above embodiment.

[0016] The high-pressure solenoid valve and the hydrogen storage cylinder group provided by the present invention solve the problems of potential safety hazards and gas backflow caused by the solenoid valve being able to open under any pressure conditions when the hydrogen storage cylinder supplies hydrogen to the downstream fuel cell system in the prior art by introducing the cooperative working mechanism of the one-way valve assembly and the pilot valve assembly.

[0017] Specifically, in the state where the electromagnetic coil is not energized, the pilot valve assembly presses against the main valve assembly to ensure that the main valve is in a closed state and blocks the intake end of the one-way valve assembly, preventing any form of unexpected gas flow. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, the pilot valve assembly disengages from the main valve assembly and opens the intake end of the one-way valve assembly; at this time, only when the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the opening force of the one-way valve assembly, the one-way valve will open, reducing the pressure difference on both sides of the main valve and allowing the gas to flow towards the outlet. Only when the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the preset safety threshold can the main valve be fully opened, thus effectively avoiding the gas backflow phenomenon under low-pressure conditions and maintaining the minimum gas storage pressure in the gas cylinder. Description of the Drawings

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the attached drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the attached drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other attached drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the high-pressure solenoid valve provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 An enlarged view of the structure of part A of the shown structure.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the main valve flap of the high-pressure solenoid valve provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the armature of the high-pressure solenoid valve provided by the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals: 100, valve body; 200, main valve assembly; 201, main valve flap; 202, main valve gasket; 203, compression screw; 204, first groove structure; 301, stop iron; 302, armature; 303, pilot valve rod; 304, pilot spring; 305, second spring seat; 306, pilot gasket; 307, second groove structure; 401, check valve flap; 402, first spring seat; 403, check valve spring; 500, electromagnetic coil; 001, air inlet; 002, air outlet; 003, sleeve; 004, lock nut; 020, pilot hole; 010, main valve passage. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the present invention in conjunction with the attached drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. It should also be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] Traditional solenoid valves adopt a direct-acting structure and completely rely on electromagnetic force to overcome the gravity of the pilot valve core assembly and the pressure difference force at both ends of the valve core to open the valve. This method is not applicable to large-diameter solenoid valves. Secondly, these solenoid valves lack the requirement for the minimum opening pressure. Even if the pressure in the gas cylinder is lower than the minimum working pressure of the system, the solenoid valve can still open after being powered on, which seriously affects the safety of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system. In addition, since some solenoid valves are installed inside the gas cylinder and are in direct contact with hydrogen, it not only brings safety hazards but also makes maintenance difficult.

[0027] To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a high-pressure solenoid valve. Only when the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the set safety threshold can the valve open, effectively avoiding the risk of gas backflow and maintaining the minimum gas storage pressure in the gas cylinder, significantly improving the safety of the system. By optimizing the valve structure and working principle, the present invention not only enhances the operation reliability of the solenoid valve but also improves the overall performance and safety standards of the equipment.

[0028] The following will be combined with Figures 1-4 Describe the specific implementation manners of the high-pressure solenoid valve of the present invention.

[0029] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a high-pressure solenoid valve, comprising: a valve body 100, having an air inlet 001 and an air outlet 002, the air inlet 001 being connected to a gas cylinder; a main valve assembly 200, disposed within the valve body 100, for controlling the on / off between the air inlet 001 and the air outlet 002; a pilot valve assembly, disposed within the valve body 100, driven by an electromagnetic coil 500 disposed on the valve body 100; a check valve assembly, placed inside the main valve assembly 200; wherein, when the electromagnetic coil 500 is not energized, the pilot valve assembly presses against the main valve assembly 200 to maintain the closed state of the main valve assembly 200 and block the air inlet end of the check valve assembly; after the electromagnetic coil 500 is energized, the pilot valve assembly disengages from the main valve assembly 200 and opens the air inlet end of the check valve assembly; if the pressure in the gas cylinder is less than the opening force of the check valve assembly, the main valve assembly 200 remains closed under the action of the pressure difference; if the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the opening force of the check valve assembly, the check valve assembly opens to reduce the pressure difference on both sides of the main valve assembly 200, and the main valve assembly 200 is pulled to open by the pilot valve assembly.

[0030] The high-pressure solenoid valve achieves precise control of the gas flow out of the gas cylinder by introducing a check valve assembly and setting a minimum opening pressure. Specifically, the presence of the check valve assembly ensures that gas can only flow out when the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds a pre-set safety threshold, effectively preventing gas backflow or incomplete filling caused by too low pressure, and at the same time ensuring that a minimum gas storage pressure is always maintained in the gas cylinder.

[0031] During use, the electromagnetic force generated after the electromagnetic coil 500 is energized will overcome the elastic force of the pilot valve assembly, causing the pilot valve assembly to disengage from the main valve assembly 200, thus opening the air inlet end of the check valve assembly. At this time, if the pressure in the gas cylinder is not sufficient to overcome the opening force of the check valve assembly (i.e., the pre-set safety threshold), then even though the electromagnetic coil 500 has been energized, the main valve assembly 200 still remains closed, preventing gas from flowing out. On the contrary, if the pressure in the gas cylinder is high enough to overcome the opening force of the check valve assembly, the check valve assembly will be pushed open, reducing the pressure difference on both sides of the main valve assembly 200. At this time, the pilot valve assembly can pull the main valve assembly 200 to open, allowing gas to flow from the gas cylinder to the downstream system.

[0032] Preferably, the check valve assembly of the above high-pressure solenoid valve can be set to have an adjustable opening pressure so as to adjust the safety threshold according to different application requirements. For example, the check valve assembly can be set to a quick-change module structure and detachably combined and installed with the main valve assembly 200. In addition, a heat dissipation structure can be added around the electromagnetic coil 500 to improve the working stability of the solenoid valve and extend its service life. At the same time, in order to enhance the safety of the system, a pressure sensor can be integrated into the valve body 100 to monitor the pressure in the gas cylinder in real time and automatically cut off the power supply and stop the operation of the electromagnetic coil 500 when necessary to ensure that the valve is in a safe closed state. Additionally, it is preferred to manufacture the parts in contact with hydrogen with corrosion-resistant materials to improve the long-term reliability of the solenoid valve in a hydrogen environment.

[0033] According to a high-pressure solenoid valve of the present invention, the valve body 100 includes a sleeve 003, and the sleeve 003 is made of a non-magnetic material, such as austenitic stainless steel; the main valve assembly 200 and the pilot valve assembly are installed inside the sleeve 003, and the electromagnetic coil 500 is disposed outside the sleeve 003. Specifically, the sleeve 003 is made of a non-magnetic material (such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy or engineering plastic, etc.), and the purpose is to reduce the influence on the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 500 to ensure that the electromagnetic force can act on the pilot valve assembly efficiently. At the same time, the non-magnetic material also helps to improve the anti-interference ability of the solenoid valve and avoid unnecessary influence of the external magnetic field on the valve operation. Integrating the main valve assembly 200 and the pilot valve assembly inside the sleeve 003 can achieve a compact design in terms of structure, which helps to reduce the overall volume of the solenoid valve and facilitates installation in a location with limited space. The electromagnetic coil 500 is disposed outside the sleeve 003. On the one hand, it can effectively isolate the coil from the internal hydrogen through the sleeve 003 to improve safety; on the other hand, it is convenient for the cooling of the coil to prevent overheating caused by long-term operation from affecting the performance or service life. Since the electromagnetic coil 500 is physically separated from the hydrogen, even if a failure occurs, it will not directly contact the hydrogen, reducing the potential explosion risk. At the same time, the sleeve 003, as an additional barrier, can also help to maintain the internal pressure and ensure that the main valve assembly 200 and the pilot valve assembly work in a stable pressure environment, thereby enhancing the safety and reliability of the entire system.

[0034] A high-pressure solenoid valve according to the present invention, the main valve assembly 200 includes a main valve flap 201 slidably disposed within a sleeve 003, and a check valve assembly is disposed within the main valve flap 201; a pilot chamber connecting the intake port 001 is formed between the upper end of the main valve flap 201 and the pilot valve assembly, a pilot hole 020 is opened at the upper end of the main valve flap 201, and the pilot hole 020 communicates with the check valve assembly within the main valve flap 201; the lower end of the main valve flap 201 is used to block the outlet port 002, and when the main valve flap 201 is disengaged from the outlet port 002, a main flap passage 010 is formed between the intake port 001 and the outlet port 002. Specifically, the entire system of this high-pressure solenoid valve relies on the precise cooperation between various components. First, the activation of the electromagnetic coil 500 is the start of the triggering process; second, the check valve assembly determines whether to open based on the actual pressure within the gas cylinder; finally, the main valve flap 201 determines its position based on the combined action of the above two, achieving effective control of gas flow, not only ensuring the accuracy of valve operation, but also greatly improving the safety of the system, allowing gas to flow out only under sufficient internal pressure of the gas cylinder.

[0035] When the main valve flap 201 is in the closed state, its lower end tightly blocks the outlet port 002 to prevent gas flow; when the main valve flap 201 moves upward and disengages from the outlet port 002, a direct path from the intake port 001 to the outlet port 002 will be opened to allow gas to pass through. The check valve assembly is installed inside the main valve flap 201, and its main function is to ensure that gas can only push the check valve open when the pressure within the gas cylinder exceeds a preset safety threshold, thereby reducing the pressure difference on both sides of the main valve flap 201 and creating conditions for the subsequent opening of the main valve flap 201.

[0036] The pilot chamber formed between the upper end of the main valve flap 201 and the pilot valve assembly plays a buffering and controlling role. When the electromagnetic coil 500 is energized, the pilot valve assembly acts to open the pilot hole 020, enabling the high-pressure gas at the intake port 001 to enter the pilot chamber and be transmitted to the check valve assembly through the pilot hole 020. If the pressure within the gas cylinder is high enough at this time to overcome the opening force of the check valve assembly, then the check valve will be pushed open, causing the pressure on both sides of the main valve flap 201 to tend to balance, so that the main valve flap 201 can move upward under the action of electromagnetic force or other auxiliary forces, ultimately opening the main flap passage 010.

[0037] A high-pressure solenoid valve according to the present invention, the main valve assembly 200 includes a main valve gasket 202 and a compression screw 203; the main valve gasket 202 is fixed to the lower end of the main valve flap 201 by the compression screw 203, and the compression screw 203 has a hollow structure, one end of the hollow structure faces the pilot hole 020, and the other end faces the air outlet 002, and the check valve assembly is integrated into the hollow structure of the compression screw 203; the main valve gasket 202 is made of engineering plastic material and is used to seal the inner opening of the air outlet 002. Among them, the main valve gasket 202 is responsible for blocking or opening the air outlet 002, and this gasket is made of engineering plastic material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE or other plastics with good chemical resistance and mechanical strength.

[0038] Specifically, the compression screw 203 is not only used to fix the main valve gasket 202, but the hollow part of the compression screw 203 provides an installation space for the check valve assembly, so that the check valve can directly participate in controlling the gas flow between the pilot hole 020 and the air outlet 002. The check valve assembly is arranged inside the hollow structure of the compression screw 203, and its position is between the pilot hole 020 and the air outlet 002. Only when the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the set safety threshold, the check valve can be opened, allowing gas to enter the space below the main valve flap 201. In addition, by disassembling and replacing the compression screw 203, the above structure can realize the overall replacement of the check valve assembly, for example, selecting an appropriate check valve assembly according to the preset pressure requirement.

[0039] A high-pressure solenoid valve according to the present invention, the check valve assembly includes a check valve flap 401, a check valve spring 403 and a first spring seat 402; the check valve flap 401 is movably arranged in the hollow structure of the compression screw 203, and the first spring seat 402 is fixedly arranged at one end of the hollow structure facing the air outlet 002, and the check valve spring 403 is arranged between the check valve flap 401 and the first spring seat 402 to provide an elastic force for blocking the pilot hole 020 by the check valve flap 401. Specifically, the check valve assembly is composed of a check valve flap 401, a check valve spring 403 and a first spring seat 402, and these components jointly ensure the precise control of gas flow. The check valve flap 401 is movably arranged in the hollow structure of the compression screw 203, and its operation depends on the change of the internal pressure of the gas cylinder; when it is lower than the preset safety threshold, the check valve flap 401 tightly blocks the pilot hole 020 under the elastic force provided by the check valve spring 403 to prevent gas from flowing through. Only when the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the opening force set by the check valve spring 403, the check valve flap 401 will be pushed open, allowing gas to flow from the pilot hole 020 into the space below the main valve flap 201, preparing conditions for the subsequent opening of the main valve flap 201.

[0040] The one-way valve spring 403 is located between the one-way valve flap 401 and the first spring seat 402 fixedly installed at the end of the hollow structure of the compression screw 203, providing the necessary elastic force to maintain the closed state of the one-way valve flap 401. The design of the spring needs to consider the safety threshold of the system to ensure that it can remain closed under normal operating conditions and open smoothly when the safety threshold is reached. Preferably, the axial position of the first spring seat 402 within the above-mentioned hollow structure is designed to be adjustable, allowing the elastic force exerted by the one-way valve spring 403 on the one-way valve flap 401 to be finely adjusted by precisely adjusting the position of the first spring seat 402. By changing the axial position of the second spring seat 305, the pre-compression amount of the one-way valve spring 403 can be effectively adjusted, thereby changing the magnitude of the force it exerts on the one-way valve flap 401.

[0041] According to a high-pressure solenoid valve of the present invention, the pilot valve assembly includes an armature stop 301 and an armature 302 made of a magnetically conductive material; a locking nut 004 is provided at the top of the sleeve 003, and the armature stop 301 is fixed to the locking nut 004; the armature 302 is movably arranged within the sleeve 003; an elastic mechanism is provided between the armature 302 and the armature stop 301, and one side of the armature 302 facing away from the armature stop 301 is floatingly connected to the main valve flap 201. Specifically, the design of the pilot valve assembly realizes precise control of the main valve flap 201 through electromagnetic force, ensuring the safety and reliability of gas flow. The armature stop 301 is made of a magnetically conductive material (such as soft iron or a specific alloy) and is fixed to the top of the sleeve 003 by the locking nut 004, providing an effective conduction path for the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 500 and enhancing the electromagnetic force transmission efficiency. The armature 302 is also made of a magnetically conductive material and can be moved by the electromagnetic force when the electromagnetic coil 500 is energized. An elastic mechanism (such as a spring) is provided between the armature 302 and the armature stop 301, and this elastic mechanism ensures that the armature 302 remains at a position away from the armature stop 301 in the non-energized state, and at this time the pilot valve is in the closed state. When the electromagnetic coil 500 is energized, the generated electromagnetic force overcomes the elastic force of the elastic mechanism and attracts the armature 302 to move towards the armature stop 301.

[0042] A connection method with a certain floating margin is adopted between the armature 302 and the main valve flap 201. This floating connection allows the armature 302 and the main valve flap 201 to move relatively freely within a certain range. The purpose is that when the armature 302 is affected by the magnetic force and moves away from the main valve flap 201 within a certain range, it can not only open the pilot hole 020 but also maintain an appropriate pulling force of the armature 302 on the main valve flap 201. According to the above structure and material selection of the pilot valve assembly, it remains in the closed state when not energized and realizes efficient and safe control through electromagnetic force when energized.

[0043] As Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, for a high-pressure solenoid valve according to the present invention, a first slot structure 204 is provided at the upper end of the main valve flap 201, and a second slot structure 307 is provided at the lower end of the armature 302; in the sleeve 003, the main valve flap 201 and the armature 302 are floatingly connected in the length direction of the sleeve 003 through the first slot structure 204 and the second slot structure 307. Specifically, this floating connection design allows the armature 302 to move freely within a certain range to adapt to different working conditions and pressure changes, while ensuring that the main valve flap 201 can open or close in response to the movement of the armature 302. When the armature 302 is affected by magnetic force and moves away from the main valve flap 201 by a certain range, it can not only open the pilot hole 020 but also maintain an appropriate pulling force of the armature 302 on the main valve flap 201.

[0044] Preferably, the first slot structure 204 can be an inner circumferential slot at the upper end of the main valve flap 201, and the second slot structure 307 can be an outer circumferential flange at the lower end of the armature 302. The first slot structure 204 preferably has a lateral C-shaped opening to facilitate the installation of the first slot structure 204 and the second slot structure 307. In the sleeve 003, the inner wall of the sleeve 003 defines the radial relative displacement between the main valve flap 201 and the armature 302, so that the first slot structure 204 and the second slot structure 307 maintain a reliable fit. Among them, the axial distance from the top of the pilot hole 020 of the main valve flap 201 to the first slot structure 204 is preferably greater than the axial thickness of the second slot structure 307, thereby allowing the second slot structure 307 to float between the first slot structure 204 and the top of the pilot hole 020.

[0045] For a high-pressure solenoid valve according to the present invention, the elastic mechanism includes a pilot valve rod 303, a pilot spring 304, and a second spring seat 305; the armature 302 is provided with a slide rod cavity, one end of the pilot valve rod 303 is slidably disposed in the slide rod cavity, and the other end of the pilot valve rod 303 extends out of the top of the slide rod cavity to contact the stop iron 301; the second spring seat 305 is installed at the bottom of the slide rod cavity, and the pilot spring 304 is disposed between the pilot valve rod 303 and the second spring seat 305. By integrating the elastic mechanism inside the armature 302, this embodiment not only reduces the space occupation and improves the integration degree of the valve body 100 but also ensures the efficient and reliable operation of the solenoid valve in different working states. The elastic mechanism includes a pilot valve rod 303, a pilot spring 304, and a second spring seat 305, wherein the armature 302 is provided with a slide rod cavity, one end of the pilot valve rod 303 is slidably disposed in the slide rod cavity, and the other end extends out of the top of the slide rod cavity to contact the stop iron 301. The second spring seat 305 is installed at the bottom of the slide rod cavity, and the pilot spring 304 is disposed between the pilot valve rod 303 and the second spring seat 305, making clever use of the space inside the armature 302 to achieve a compact structural layout.

[0046] In the unpowered state, the elastic force of the pilot spring 304 pushes the pilot valve stem 303 upward, causing the armature 302 to move away from the stop 301 and pressing the main valve flap 201 downward to ensure that the pilot valve is in the closed state. At this time, the check valve assembly remains sealed, preventing gas flow and maintaining the safety and minimum gas storage pressure of the system. When the electromagnetic coil 500 is powered on, the generated electromagnetic force attracts the armature 302 to move towards the stop 301, and the pilot valve stem 303 is compressed and slides back into the rod chamber, compressing the pilot spring 304. This process releases the pressure on the main valve flap 201, allowing the main valve flap 201 to open or close according to the pressure in the gas cylinder, thereby controlling the gas flow.

[0047] Furthermore, in a high-pressure solenoid valve according to the present invention, a pilot seal 306 is provided on the side of the second spring seat 305 facing the main valve flap 201. The pilot seal 306 is made of engineering plastic material and is used to close the pilot hole 020 through the pilot seal 306 when the electromagnetic coil 500 is not powered on. Specifically, through the pilot seal 306, the sealing performance of the pilot hole 020 is enhanced, ensuring that when the electromagnetic coil 500 is not powered on, gas cannot flow from the air inlet 001 to the lower part of the main valve flap 201, maintaining the closed state of the system. When the armature 302 moves away from the stop 301 under the action of the pilot spring 304 and moves towards the main valve flap 201, the pilot seal 306 closely fits on the pilot hole 020 to achieve complete closure. Among them, the engineering plastic material of the pilot seal 306 can be, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE or other plastics with good chemical resistance and mechanical strength, which not only provides excellent sealing effect but also has good resistance to hydrogen corrosion and low friction coefficient, facilitating the guarantee of reliability and durability during long-term use.

[0048] According to the high-pressure solenoid valve of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solenoid valve is composed of key components such as a valve body 100, a main valve assembly 200, a pilot valve assembly, a check valve assembly, and an electromagnetic coil 500. An air inlet 001 and an air outlet 002 are provided in the valve body 100, wherein the air inlet 001 is connected to a gas cylinder to ensure the safe storage and efficient supply of hydrogen. The main valve assembly 200 includes a main valve flap 201, a main valve gasket 202, and a compression screw 203. The main valve gasket 202 is made of engineering plastic material and is fixed to the lower end of the main valve flap 201 by the compression screw 203 for sealing the inner opening of the air outlet 002. A check valve assembly is integrated inside the main valve flap 201, and this assembly is composed of a check valve flap 401, a check valve spring 403, and a first spring seat 402, which is responsible for controlling the flow of gas when the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the safety threshold. The pilot valve assembly includes an armature stop 301, an armature 302, a pilot valve rod 303, a pilot spring 304, a second spring seat 305, and a pilot gasket 306. These components are all installed in a sleeve 003 made of non-magnetic material (such as austenitic stainless steel), and the armature stop 301 is fixed to the top of the sleeve 003 by a locking nut 004. The armature stop 301 and the armature 302 are made of magnetic material to enhance the electromagnetic force transmission efficiency. In the non-powered state, the elastic force of the pilot spring 304 causes the armature 302 to move away from the armature stop 301 and closes the pilot hole 020 through the pilot gasket 306; when the electromagnetic coil 500 is powered on, the armature 302 is attracted by the magnetic force and moves towards the armature stop 301, compressing the pilot spring 304 and opening the pilot hole 020 to allow gas to enter below the main valve flap 201. By introducing the cooperative working mechanism of the check valve assembly and the pilot valve assembly, this high-pressure solenoid valve solves the safety hazards and gas backflow problems caused by the solenoid valve being able to open under any air pressure conditions when the hydrogen storage cylinder supplies hydrogen to the downstream fuel cell system in the prior art, realizes the function of allowing gas to flow out only when the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the safety threshold, ensures that the minimum gas storage pressure is maintained in the gas cylinder, and thus improves the safety and reliability of the system.

[0049] The hydrogen storage cylinder group provided by the present invention will be described below, and the hydrogen storage cylinder group described below can be mutually corresponding and referred to the high-pressure solenoid valve described above.

[0050] The present invention also provides a hydrogen storage cylinder group, including a gas cylinder and the high-pressure solenoid valve of the above embodiment. Specifically, by integrating advanced high-pressure solenoid valve technology, this hydrogen storage cylinder group realizes the safe, efficient management and control of hydrogen in the gas cylinder. The high-pressure solenoid valve in the hydrogen storage cylinder group is installed between the gas cylinder and the downstream fuel cell system. As a key flow control component, it ensures that hydrogen is released only when preset safety conditions are met, thus effectively preventing the risks of gas backflow and incomplete filling.

[0051] Among them, the gas cylinder is preferably made of modern composite materials (such as type-IV plastic-lined composite gas cylinders), which can maintain a certain positive pressure inside during daily storage, avoid local collapse of the plastic liner due to external environmental pressure, and ensure its structural integrity and service performance. The main valve flap 201 of the high-pressure solenoid valve is connected to the armature 302 through a floating connection design, so that the armature 302 can accurately control the opening or closing of the main valve flap 201 when subjected to electromagnetic force. In the unenergized state, the elastic force of the pilot spring 304 causes the armature 302 to move away from the stop iron 301 and closes the pilot hole 020 through the pilot gasket 306 to ensure that the hydrogen in the gas cylinder does not leak; when the electromagnetic coil 500 is energized, the armature 302 is attracted by the magnetic force and moves towards the stop iron 301, compressing the pilot spring 304 and opening the pilot hole 020, allowing gas to enter below the main valve flap 201, and then realizing the opening or closing of the main valve flap 201 according to the pressure condition in the gas cylinder.

[0052] In the actual use of the above hydrogen storage bottle group, when hydrogen needs to be supplied to the downstream fuel cell system, the electromagnetic coil 500 is energized to generate a magnetic field. The stop iron 301 and the lock nut 004 are fixed at the top of the sleeve 003. The armature 302 is attracted by the electromagnetic force under the action of the magnetic field and moves upward against the action of the pilot spring 304 force and the pressure difference force at both ends of the pilot hole 020. As the armature 302 moves upward, the pilot gasket 306 and the pilot valve separate, allowing the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder to flow into the check valve assembly chamber through the pilot hole 020. If the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the safety threshold set by the check valve spring 403 at this time, the check valve flap 401 will be opened under the action of the gas pressure in the gas cylinder against the force of the check valve spring 403, and the gas will enter the outlet 002 through the hole of the first spring seat 402. When the pressure between the inlet 001 and the outlet 002 is balanced, the armature 302 assembly continues to move upward under the action of the electromagnetic force, driving the main valve assembly 200 to open, and the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder flows through the main valve passage 010 to the outlet 002 to complete the hydrogen supply process.

[0053] After the hydrogen supply operation is completed, the electromagnetic coil 500 is de-energized and the electromagnetic force disappears. The main valve assembly 200 and the pilot valve assembly move downward under the action of the pressure difference force and the pilot spring 304 force, so that the pilot gasket 306 re-closes the pilot hole 020, the solenoid valve closes, and the system returns to the initial closed state to ensure that the hydrogen in the gas cylinder does not leak when the hydrogen supply operation is not performed.

[0054] When the pressure in the gas cylinder is lower than the minimum working pressure of the hydrogen supply system, even if the electromagnetic coil 500 is energized, since the pressure in the gas cylinder is not sufficient to open the one-way valve assembly, the gas in the gas cylinder cannot enter the air outlet 002, so the main valve assembly 200 cannot be opened either. This solution solves the problem in the prior art that the solenoid valve can be opened under any air pressure condition, ensures that a certain air pressure is always maintained in the gas cylinder, prevents gas backflow, and maintains the minimum gas storage pressure in the gas cylinder, thereby improving the safety of the system. In summary, the hydrogen storage bottle group provided by the present invention realizes precise control of the hydrogen flow path, ensures the safety and reliability of the hydrogen supply process, and is particularly suitable for the hydrogen supply system of fuel cell vehicles.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "mode", "specific mode", or "some modes" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or mode are included in at least one embodiment or mode of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or mode. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or modes. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or modes described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or modes.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-pressure solenoid valve, characterized in that, Comprising: A valve body having an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet is connected to a gas cylinder; A main valve assembly disposed within the valve body for controlling the on / off state between the air inlet and the air outlet; A pilot valve assembly disposed within the valve body and driven by an electromagnetic coil disposed on the valve body; A check valve assembly disposed inside the main valve assembly; Wherein, when the electromagnetic coil is not energized, the pilot valve assembly presses against the main valve assembly to maintain the closed state of the main valve assembly and block the air inlet end of the check valve assembly; After the electromagnetic coil is energized, the pilot valve assembly disengages from the main valve assembly and opens the air inlet end of the check valve assembly; if the pressure in the gas cylinder is less than the opening force of the check valve assembly, the main valve assembly remains closed under the action of the pressure difference; if the pressure in the gas cylinder exceeds the opening force of the check valve assembly, the check valve assembly opens to reduce the pressure difference on both sides of the main valve assembly, and the main valve assembly is pulled to open by the pilot valve assembly.

2. The high-pressure solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body includes a sleeve made of a non-magnetic material; The main valve assembly and the pilot valve assembly are installed inside the sleeve, and the electromagnetic coil is disposed outside the sleeve.

3. The high-pressure solenoid valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main valve assembly includes a main valve flap slidably disposed within the sleeve, and the check valve assembly is disposed within the main valve flap; A pilot chamber connecting the air inlet is formed between the upper end of the main valve flap and the pilot valve assembly. A pilot hole is opened at the upper end of the main valve flap, and the pilot hole communicates with the check valve assembly within the main valve flap; The lower end of the main valve flap is used to block the air outlet. When the main valve flap disengages from the air outlet, a main flap passage is formed between the air inlet and the air outlet.

4. The high-pressure solenoid valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main valve assembly includes a main valve gasket and a compression screw; The main valve gasket is fixed to the lower end of the main valve flap by the compression screw. The compression screw has a hollow structure. One end of the hollow structure faces the pilot hole, and the other end faces the air outlet. The check valve assembly is integrated within the hollow structure of the compression screw, and the main valve gasket is used to seal the inner opening of the air outlet.

5. The high-pressure solenoid valve according to claim 4, wherein, The check valve assembly includes a check valve flap, a check valve spring, and a first spring seat; The check valve flap is movably disposed within the hollow structure of the compression screw. The first spring seat is fixedly disposed at one end of the hollow structure facing the air outlet. The check valve spring is disposed between the check valve flap and the first spring seat to provide an elastic force for blocking the pilot hole by the check valve flap.

6. The high-pressure solenoid valve according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The pilot valve assembly includes an armature and an iron core made of a magnetic material; A locking nut is provided at the top of the sleeve, and the iron core is fixed to the locking nut; The armature is movably disposed within the sleeve; An elastic mechanism is provided between the armature and the iron core, and one side of the armature facing away from the iron core is floatingly connected to the main valve flap.

7. The high-pressure solenoid valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first card slot structure is provided at the upper end of the main valve flap, and a second card slot structure is provided at the lower end of the armature; In the sleeve, the main valve flap and the armature are floatingly connected in the length direction of the sleeve through the first card slot structure and the second card slot structure.

8. The high-pressure solenoid valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, The elastic mechanism includes a pilot valve stem, a pilot spring, and a second spring seat; The armature is provided with a slide rod cavity, one end of the pilot valve stem is slidably disposed in the slide rod cavity, and the other end of the pilot valve stem extends out of the top of the slide rod cavity to contact the stop iron; The second spring seat is installed at the bottom of the slide rod cavity, and the pilot spring is disposed between the pilot valve stem and the second spring seat.

9. The high-pressure solenoid valve according to claim 8, characterized in that, A pilot seal pad is provided on the side of the second spring seat facing the main valve flap; when the electromagnetic coil is not energized, the pilot hole is closed by the pilot seal pad.

10. A hydrogen storage bottle group, characterized in that, It includes a gas cylinder and the high-pressure solenoid valve according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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