Adaptive flow measurement device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adaptive flow measurement device and method, which relate to the field of flow measurement technology. The device comprises a housing detachably connected to a pipeline, one end of the housing penetrating the pipeline being rotatably connected to a vertical rod, a power shaft rotatably mounted on the vertical rod, the axis of the power shaft coinciding with the axis of the pipeline, and at least one support rod disposed on the power shaft, a distance sensor for measuring the pipeline radius being fixed to the support rod; and a flow rate measuring mechanism disposed on the pipeline for measuring the flow rate of the liquid within the pipeline. The device can conveniently measure the inner diameter of the pipeline, thereby determining the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline after scale adhesion, thereby adapting to flow measurement operations after changes in the pipeline cross-sectional area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flow measurement, and in particular to an adaptive flow measurement device and a measurement method. Background Art

[0002] Flow detection in water supply pipelines is a key link in urban water management, efficient use of water resources, and safe operation of pipeline networks. Its technological development is closely integrated with smart water services, water-saving policies, and industrial automation needs. With the rise of smart water services in the past decade, flow detection has become not only a metering tool, but also a data source for pipeline network modeling and leakage control. By monitoring flow, cities can accurately locate and repair hidden leaks each year, reducing the waste of tens of thousands of tons of water resources. In the event of a sudden pipe burst, monitoring of sudden flow changes can trigger valve closing instructions in a matter of seconds, greatly reducing the scope of the water outage.

[0003] Patent publication number CN 217930472 U discloses a standard flowmeter assembly for calibrating flowmeters, comprising a clamping mechanism, a mounting mechanism, and two externally clamped ultrasonic flowmeter transceivers. The two externally clamped ultrasonic flowmeter transceivers are movably mounted on the mounting mechanism. The mounting mechanism is fixed to the outer surface of the pipe via the two clamping mechanisms. The mounting mechanism is parallel to the axis of the pipe. The clamping mechanism comprises a baffle, a support rod, and an adjustment arm. The baffle rod is vertically fixedly connected to the support rod, and the adjustment arm is perpendicular to the support rod. The baffle rod and the adjustment arm are respectively located on both sides of the pipe.

[0004] However, the above device still has the following problems:

[0005] Most existing flow meters measure the flow rate of water in a pipe and then calculate the flow rate in the pipe based on the pipe diameter. However, after long-term use, scabs, scale adhesions, pipe deformation, and debris deposition at the bottom of the metal pipe may occur, which can easily lead to changes in the pipe diameter. In this case, the flow rate is still calculated based on the initial pipe diameter, resulting in inaccurate flow calculations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, an adaptive flow measurement device and a measurement method are provided.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0008] The present invention proposes an adaptive flow measuring device, comprising a shell detachably connected to a pipeline, wherein one end of the shell inserted into the pipeline is rotatably connected to a vertical rod, a power shaft is rotatably provided on the vertical rod, the axis of the power shaft coincides with the axis of the pipeline, at least one support rod is provided on the power shaft, and a distance sensor for measuring the radius of the pipeline is fixed on the support rod; the device also includes a flow rate measuring mechanism, which is provided on the pipeline and is used to measure the flow rate of the liquid in the pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the shell that penetrates into the pipeline is rotatably connected to a rotating block, and a power component for driving the rotating block to rotate is provided on the shell. The power shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating block, and the support rod is rotatably connected to the power shaft.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the power shaft is fixed with a gear after passing through the rotating block, a toothless gear is rotatably connected inside the rotating block, the toothless gear is directly connected to the motor, the toothless gear is meshed with the gear, and the rotating block is slidably connected to a plurality of rods through a compression spring, and the rods can slide between adjacent teeth of the gear to lock the rotation of the gear.

[0011] Preferably, a guide plate is rotatably mounted on the vertical rod, at least one wing plate is rotatably mounted on the guide plate, the wing plate is connected to the guide plate via a coil spring, and the guide plate is connected to the power member.

[0012] Preferably, a first gear is fixed on the rotating shaft of the rotating block, a second gear is fixed on the rotating shaft of the guide plate, the power member is a rack, the rack is meshed with the first gear and the second gear, an electric push rod is fixed in the shell, and one end of the rack is fixed to the electric push rod.

[0013] Preferably, a locking bolt for locking the rotation of the vertical rod is provided on the housing, the upper end of the vertical rod passes through the housing to fix an indicator head, and the upper end of the housing is provided with a scale line corresponding to the indicator head.

[0014] An adaptive flow measurement method, using the above-mentioned adaptive flow measurement device, comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: Determine the lowering depth of the shell according to the outer diameter of the pipe to be measured and install the shell on the pipe;

[0016] S2: Control the power component to drive the power shaft and the guide plate to unfold, so that the power shaft rotates out and becomes coaxial with the pipeline, and then fix the housing and the pipeline;

[0017] S3: The distance sensor rotates intermittently around the circumference. Each time it rotates to a certain angle, the distance sensor measures the distance from the probe to the pipe wall, adds the distance from the probe to the power shaft axis to obtain the radius of that position, and records the angle values ​​corresponding to the two adjacent radii. The pipe cross section is divided into n sectors.

[0018] S4: Approximate the sector area as a triangle, calculate the area of ​​each triangle based on the length and angle of adjacent radii, add up the areas of each triangle to get the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe, and use the flow rate measurement mechanism to measure the fluid flow rate and the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe to get the flow rate of the pipe.

[0019] Preferably, in S3, the intermittent rotation angles of the distance sensors are the same.

[0020] Preferably, in S4, the area of ​​each triangle is calculated using the sine area formula, which is as follows:

[0021] S i =1 / 2 × R i × R i+1 × sinθ (1);

[0022] in, S i Indicates the i The area of ​​a triangle, R i Indicates the i The distance from the axis of the power shaft to the pipe wall is measured. θ For the i The first measurement and i+1 The angle between the measurements;

[0023] R i The calculation formula is as follows:

[0024] R i =e+r i (2);

[0025] in, e is a constant, and its value is the distance from the sensor probe to the axis of the power shaft. r i For the i The value of the distance from the sensor probe to the inner wall of the pipe obtained by the first measurement;

[0026] By adding up the areas of each triangle, we can get the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe using the following formula:

[0027] (3);

[0028] in, A Represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe where it is measured;

[0029] The flow rate of the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe is calculated based on the fluid flow rate measured by the flow rate measuring mechanism. The formula is as follows:

[0030] Q 实 = A × V (4);

[0031] in, Q 实 It's traffic. V is the flow rate.

[0032] Preferably, S3 further includes a time-controlled switch, which is used to realize the timed power on and off of the motor.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The present application realizes that a distance sensor is connected to a vertical rod and rotates around a certain section of the pipeline. During the rotation, the distance from the distance sensor probe to the closure is measured, thereby obtaining the radius of each position of a certain section of the pipeline. By comparing with the original pipe radius value, the scale adhesion condition of the entire inner wall of the pipeline can be obtained, which is helpful for the staff to judge the change of the pipe diameter and reasonably arrange the maintenance and repair work of the pipeline, thereby optimizing the allocation of maintenance resources, improving maintenance efficiency, and extending the service life of the pipeline.

[0035] This application measures the radius at multiple locations in the pipeline. When the radius changes due to obstacles or pipeline deformation, the pipeline cross-sectional area close to the actual situation is converted through mathematical model to correct the theoretical cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline. This is to adapt to the flow measurement work after the pipeline cross-sectional area changes, provide more accurate pipeline cross-sectional area parameters for flow calculation, thereby obtaining a more accurate flow rate and achieving the transition from "theoretical value" to "actual value".

[0036] In the present application, a rotating block rotates under the vertical rod, and a support rod with a fixed sensor rotates on the power shaft. At the same time, the guide plate is also rotatably connected to the vertical rod, so that the support rod rotates into the power shaft, and the power shaft follows the rotating block to rotate to the axis direction of the vertical rod, and at the same time, the guide plate rotates to the axis direction of the vertical rod. At this time, the volume of the entire device is greatly reduced. When installing in the pipeline, only a smaller hole needs to be opened for installation. At the same time, the device is small in size and easy to carry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0038] Figure 1 It is an overall stereogram of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is the overall front view of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transfer block;

[0041] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of section AA (gear ratio one);

[0042] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of section AA (gear ratio 2);

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the present invention (method 1);

[0044] Figure 7 The present invention is an installation diagram (method two);

[0045] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall storage of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 It is a line graph of actual application data of the present invention.

[0047] Description of reference numerals:

[0048] 1. Housing; 2. Vertical rod; 3. Power shaft; 4. Support rod; 5. Rotating block; 6. Gear; 7. Toothless gear; 8. Insert rod; 9. Guide plate; 10. Wing plate; 11. Locking bolt; 12. Rack; 13. First gear; 14. Second gear; 15. Motor; 16. Cam; 17. Switch; 18. Flow rate measuring mechanism; 19. First magnet; 20. Second magnet; 21. Pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0050] like Figures 1-9As shown, this embodiment proposes an adaptive flow measuring device, including a shell 1 detachably connected to a pipeline, one end of the shell 1 inserted into the pipeline is rotatably connected to a vertical rod 2, a power shaft 3 is rotatably provided on the vertical rod 2, the axis of the power shaft 3 coincides with the axis of the pipeline, at least one support rod 4 is provided on the power shaft 3, and a distance sensor for measuring the radius of the pipeline is fixed on the support rod 4; it also includes a flow rate measuring mechanism 18, which is provided on the pipeline and is used to measure the flow rate of the liquid in the pipeline.

[0051] The device is set in a long straight pipe. The fluid flow state in the long straight pipe is generally stable and the flow velocity is evenly distributed. At the same time, the scale or scab on the pipe wall will change little in the axial direction of the long straight pipe, so the measurement accuracy and data accuracy can be improved in the long straight pipe.

[0052] The distance sensor uses an ultrasonic rangefinder or a laser rangefinder.

[0053] When the inner diameter of the pipe is small and the distance sensor is close to the pipe wall, the water flow velocity has little effect on the ultrasonic rangefinder, and the ultrasonic rangefinder can be used as the distance sensor.

[0054] The flow rate measuring mechanism 18 adopts an electromagnetic flow rate measuring device or an ultrasonic flow rate measuring device.

[0055] Principle of electromagnetic flow velocity measuring device: According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, when a conductive liquid cuts the magnetic lines of force, an induced electromotive force is generated, and the electromotive force is proportional to the flow velocity.

[0056] The electromagnetic flow velocity measuring device is installed at the following position: Figure 6 shown.

[0057] An electromagnetic flow velocity measuring device is used. When the velocity measuring device is installed upstream of the shell 1, the distance is twice the diameter of the pipe to be measured. When the velocity measuring device is installed downstream of the shell 1, the distance is five times the diameter of the pipe to be measured.

[0058] The principle of an ultrasonic flow velocity measurement device: It exploits the relationship between the propagation speed of an ultrasonic signal and the flow velocity of a fluid. Typically, it consists of a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter emits a high-frequency ultrasonic signal, which propagates through the fluid and is received by the receiver. By measuring the time difference in the signal's propagation through the fluid, the flow velocity can be calculated. Flow velocity is calculated using either the time difference in ultrasonic propagation through the fluid (the time difference method) or the Doppler effect (the Doppler method).

[0059] Ultrasonic flow velocity measurement installation location Figure 7 shown.

[0060] When an ultrasonic flow velocity measuring device is used to measure velocity, when the velocity measuring device is installed upstream of the housing 1, the distance is five times the diameter of the pipe to be measured; when the velocity measuring device is installed downstream of the housing 1, the distance is ten times the diameter of the pipe to be measured.

[0061] One end of the shell 1 that penetrates into the pipeline is rotatably connected to a rotating block 5. A power component that drives the rotating block 5 to rotate is provided on the shell 1. The power shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the rotating block 5, and the support rod 4 is rotatably connected to the power shaft 3.

[0062] By rotating the rotating block 5, the power shaft 3 is changed from being parallel to the axis direction of the shell 1 to being perpendicular to the axis direction of the shell 1, and then the support rod 4 is rotated out from the power shaft 3, thereby realizing the expansion and storage of the support rod 4, which can reduce the volume of the entire device, facilitate placement in the pipeline, and reduce the diameter of the pipeline opening during installation.

[0063] A motor is fixed inside the power shaft 3, a worm is coaxially fixed to the motor, and a worm wheel that matches the worm is fixed to the support rod. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, and the support rod 4 can be rotated out of or stored in the power shaft 3.

[0064] A first magnet 19 is fixed on the power shaft 3 , and a second magnet 20 is fixed under the housing 1 . The rotating block 5 is attracted by the second magnet 20 when it is unfolded, and the supporting rod 4 is attracted by the first magnet 19 when it is unfolded.

[0065] Through the adsorption effect of the first magnet 19 and the second magnet 20, the supporting effect of the rotating block 5 and the supporting rod 4 can be strengthened, the shaking caused by the impact of water flow can be reduced, and the stability can be improved.

[0066] One end of the power shaft 3 is inserted into the rotating block 5 and a gear 6 is fixed thereon. A toothless gear 7 is rotatably connected inside the rotating block 5. The toothless gear 7 is directly connected to the motor 15. The toothless gear 7 is meshed with the gear 6. The rotating block 5 is slidably connected to several insertion rods 8 through compression springs. The insertion rods 8 can slide between adjacent teeth of the gear 6 to lock the rotation of the gear 6.

[0067] The motor 15 drives the toothless gear 7 to rotate continuously. Each time the toothless gear 7 meshes with the gear 6, it can drive the gear 6 to rotate by a certain angle, and the gear 6 then drives the power shaft 3 to rotate intermittently.

[0068] One end of the compression spring is fixed to the rotating block 5, and the other end is fixed to the insertion rod 8. The elastic force of the compression spring can make the insertion rod 8 slide into the adjacent teeth of the gear 6. One end of the insertion rod 8 is a bevel. When the gear 6 rotates, the bevel can drive the insertion rod 8 to repeatedly slide into the adjacent teeth on the gear 6. The insertion rod 8 allows the gear 6 to rotate only in one direction.

[0069] By providing a plurality of insertion rods 8, the gear 6 can be accurately locked after each rotation, thereby preventing the gear 6 from shaking under the influence of water flow.

[0070] The sum of the elastic forces of the compression springs connected to the multiple insertion rods 8 is greater than the gravity of the support rod 4.

[0071] A cam 16 is coaxially fixed to the toothless gear 7 , and a switch 17 matched with the cam 16 is fixed in the rotating block 5 . The switch 17 is electrically connected to the distance sensor.

[0072] Switch 17 is specifically a push-type spring switch, which typically consists of a push button, a spring, a retaining bracket, and conductive contacts. The push button is typically made of plastic or metal and has a certain degree of compression performance and mechanical strength. The spring ensures the button automatically resets and maintains its elasticity when pressed. The retaining bracket secures the button and spring, ensuring their positions remain fixed. The conductive contacts are the key components that connect the circuit. Pressing the button connects or disconnects the circuit, thus achieving the switch function.

[0073] The cam 16 and the toothed portion of the toothless gear 7 are arranged alternately. The cam 16 is arranged behind the toothed portion of the toothless gear 7 in the rotation direction. That is, when the toothless gear 7 is engaged with the gear 6, the cam 16 and the switch 17 will not squeeze the switch 17. After the toothless gear 7 is disengaged from the gear 6, the cam 16 starts to squeeze the switch 17.

[0074] The cam 16 rotates following the toothless gear 7. After the toothless gear 7 drives the gear 6 to rotate once, the cam 16 starts to press the switch 17, so that the switch 17 is energized once, thereby energizing the distance sensor to detect and record the distance once.

[0075] By changing the number of teeth of the toothless gear 7 and the gear 6, the angle of each intermittent rotation of the gear 6 can be changed, thereby dividing the pipeline into different numbers of equal parts, thereby improving the applicability.

[0076] When the number of teeth of gear 6 remains unchanged, the fewer teeth the missing gear 7 has, the smaller the angle of each rotation of gear 6 is, which is suitable for measuring large-diameter pipes. The more teeth the missing gear 7 has, the larger the angle of each rotation of gear 6 is, which is suitable for measuring small-diameter pipes.

[0077] Or the number of teeth of the toothless gear 7 remains unchanged, and the pitch circle of the toothless gear 7 keeps corresponding to the pitch circle of the gear 6. The number of teeth of the gear 6 is increased. The more teeth the gear 6 has, the smaller the angle of each rotation of the gear 6 is, which is suitable for measuring large-diameter pipes. The fewer teeth the gear 6 has, the larger the angle of each rotation of the gear 6 is, which is suitable for measuring small-diameter pipes.

[0078] When the pipe diameter is small, the angle of each rotation of the gear 6 can be appropriately increased. When the pipe diameter is large, the angle of each rotation of the gear 6 can be appropriately reduced.

[0079] It is also possible to change the rotation angle of the gear 6 each time by providing a speed reduction mechanism between the toothless gear 7 and the gear 6 .

[0080] A guide plate 9 is rotated on the vertical rod 2, and at least one wing plate 10 is rotated on the guide plate 9. The wing plate 10 is connected to the guide plate 9 through a coil spring, and the guide plate 9 is connected to the power component.

[0081] When stored, the wing 10 is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical rod 2. When the shell 1 is placed into the pipe through the pipe opening, the wing 10 rotates by manual or pipe opening squeezing, and the coil spring is wound and stores force. When it enters the inside of the pipe, the coil spring releases the elastic force, driving the wing 10 to unfold again.

[0082] When the housing 1 is pulled out, the wing plate 10 rotates under the pressure of the pipe and becomes parallel to the axis direction of the vertical rod 2, making it easier to pull out.

[0083] After the vertical rod 2 is placed in the pipe through the guide plate 9 and the wing plate 10, the water flow hits the guide plate 9 and the wing plate 10, making the guide plate 9 almost parallel to the direction of the water flow, which can assist the installer in determining the direction of the water flow in the pipe, which is conducive to the correct installation angle of the entire device.

[0084] A first gear 13 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the rotating block 5, a second gear 14 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the guide plate 9, and the power part is a rack 12, which is engaged with the first gear 13 and the second gear 14. An electric push rod is fixed in the shell 1, and one end of the rack 12 is fixed to the electric push rod.

[0085] Both ends of the rack 12 are provided with teeth, and the two ends of the rack 12 are respectively engaged with the first gear 13 and the second gear 14. By controlling the electric push rod to push the rack 12 to slide, the rotation block 5 and the guide plate 9 can be unfolded and stored.

[0086] The housing 1 is provided with a locking bolt 11 for locking the rotation of the vertical rod 2. The upper end of the vertical rod 2 passes through the housing 1 to fix the indicator head. The upper end of the housing 1 is provided with a scale line corresponding to the indicator head.

[0087] The approximate direction of the water flow is determined by the guide plate 9, and the vertical rod 2 is further fine-tuned by rotating the indicator head. After the adjustment is completed, the rotation of the vertical rod 2 is tightly locked by the locking bolt 11.

[0088] An adaptive flow measurement method, using the above-mentioned adaptive flow measurement device, comprises the following steps:

[0089] S1: Determine the lowering depth of the housing 1 according to the outer diameter of the pipe to be measured, and install the housing 1 on the pipe;

[0090] By punching a hole in the pipe 21 and welding a pipe flange on the pipe 21, a mounting flange corresponding to the pipe flange is slidably connected to the shell 1, and fastening bolts are threadedly connected to the mounting flange. After the mounting flange and the pipe flange are bolted, the fastening bolts are loosened, and the shell 1 and the mounting flange can slide relative to each other, thereby adjusting the depth of the shell 1 placed in the pipe; at the same time, a flow rate measuring mechanism 18 is installed at an appropriate position in the pipe.

[0091] A sealing gasket is provided between the housing 1 and the mounting flange.

[0092] S2: Control the power component to drive the power shaft 3 and the guide plate 9 to unfold, so that the power shaft 3 rotates out and becomes coaxial with the pipeline, and the housing 1 is fixed to the pipeline;

[0093] After the housing 1 is installed, the electric push rod is energized and extended to push the rack 12 to slide. The two ends of the rack 12 are respectively engaged with the first gear 13 and the second gear 14. The electric push rod pushes the rack 12 to slide, thereby realizing the expansion of the rotating block 5 and the guide plate 9.

[0094] The motor is powered on to rotate forward, so that the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, and the support rod 4 can be rotated out of the power shaft 3.

[0095] S3: The distance sensor rotates intermittently around the circumference. Each time it rotates to a certain angle, the distance sensor measures the distance from the probe to the pipe wall. The distance is added to the distance from the probe to the axis of the power shaft 3 to obtain the radius of the position. The angle values ​​corresponding to the two adjacent radii are recorded at the same time, and the pipe cross section is divided into n sectors.

[0096] The motor 15 is powered on and rotates, driving the toothless gear 7 to rotate. The toothless gear 7 begins to intermittently engage with the gear 6. Each time it engages, it can drive the gear 6 to rotate a certain angle, and the gear 6 then drives the power shaft 3 to rotate intermittently; the cam 16 rotates following the toothless gear 7. After the toothless gear 7 drives the gear 6 to rotate once, the cam 16 starts to press the switch 17, so that the switch 17 is powered once, thereby powering the distance sensor to detect the distance once and record it.

[0097] S4: Approximate the sector area as a triangle, calculate the area of ​​each triangle based on the length and angle of adjacent radii, add up the areas of each triangle to get the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline, and the flow rate measuring mechanism 18 measures the fluid flow rate and the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline to get the flow rate of the pipeline.

[0098] In S3, the distance sensor rotates intermittently at the same angle.

[0099] In S4, the sine area formula is used to calculate the area of ​​each triangle. The formula is as follows:

[0100] S i =1 / 2 ×R i × R i+1 × sinθ (1);

[0101] in, S i Indicates the i The area of ​​a triangle, R i Indicates the i The distance from the axis of the power shaft 3 to the pipe wall is measured. θ For the i The first measurement and i+1 The angle between the measurements;

[0102] R i The calculation formula is as follows:

[0103] R i =e+r i (2);

[0104] in, e is a constant, and its value is the distance from the sensor probe to the axis position of the power shaft 3. r i For the i The value of the distance from the sensor probe to the inner wall of the pipe obtained by the first measurement;

[0105] By adding up the areas of each triangle, we can get the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe using the following formula:

[0106] (3);

[0107] in, A Represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe where it is measured;

[0108] The flow rate of the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe is calculated based on the fluid flow rate measured by the flow rate measuring mechanism 18. The formula is as follows:

[0109] Q 实 = A × V (4);

[0110] in, Q 实 It's traffic. V is the flow rate.

[0111] S3 also includes a time-controlled switch, which is used to turn the motor 15 on and off at a fixed time.

[0112] The motor is turned on and off at a fixed time by the time-controlled switch, so that the power shaft 3 drives the distance sensor to perform detection once every certain period of time.

[0113] A timer-controlled switch operates by using a timer to control the on and off state of a switch, thereby controlling the start and stop of a motor by setting a specific time. The key components of a timer-controlled switch include a timer, a relay, and a switch. When the timer reaches the set time, the relay automatically switches between on and off states, thereby controlling the start and stop of the appliance. The high accuracy of the timer allows for very precise timing control.

[0114] Practical Application:

[0115] The initial inner diameter of the pipe is 600mm This device is used on a pipeline with a radius of 0.3m , the flow rate in the pipe at a certain time period V for 3m / s When there is no scale on the inner wall of the pipe, the theoretical cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe is S 圆 for π × 0.3m × 0.3m= 0.28m 2 , substituting into the flow calculation formula to obtain Q 圆 = S 圆 × V=0.84m 3 / s .

[0116] When measuring the actual radius in the pipe, the distance sensor rotates 10° Measure the pipe radius once to get R i , rotate once to get R 1 ~ R 36 There are 36 values, see the attached Figure 9 , the horizontal axis in the figure is the rotation angle, and the top of the cross section is generally set as the initial position. The initial position angle is 0° , the vertical axis is the pipe radius value, the unit is m .

[0117] Substitute the values ​​into the sine area formula to calculate the area of ​​each triangle.

[0118] S i =1 / 2 × R i × Ri+1 × sinθ ;

[0119] in θ is 10°,

[0120] R 1 =0.289，R 2 =0.290， Calculated S 1 ≈0.00722m 2 ；

[0121] R 2 =0.290，R 3 =0.289， Calculated S 2 ≈0.00728m 2 ；

[0122] And so on...

[0123] R 36 =0.290，R 37 =R 1 =0.289， Calculated S 36 ≈0.00717m 2 .

[0124] Accumulate the areas of the triangles to get the actual cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe A The value is 0.2638 m 2 , rounded to two decimal places is 0.26m 2 , flow rate in the tube V When it is still 3m / s, we can get Q 实 = A × V=0.78m 3 / s。

[0125] After the flow rate is detected, the flow rate is calculated based on the measured pipe diameter. 0.78m 3 / s If the calculation is still based on the initial pipe diameter, the theoretical flow rate in the pipe is 0.84m 3 / s, there is a certain gap between the two values, and the device provides great help in flow rate correction.

[0126] The original pipe diameter is a fixed value and cannot reflect the dynamic changes in the cross-section during the use of the pipeline (such as the reduction of the cross-section due to the accumulation of scale year by year). The multi-point measurement method can be measured regularly. By comparing the cross-sectional area at different times, the development trend of blockage can be quantified, providing a basis for preventive maintenance (such as planning the desilting cycle in advance).

[0127] At the same time, pipelines may be deformed (such as ovation) due to installation errors, external force extrusion or long-term use. The original pipe diameter assumes that the cross-section is a standard circle, and debris may accumulate in the pipeline after long-term use. The multi-point measurement method can calculate the true area of ​​non-circular cross-sections (such as ellipses, irregular polygons, etc.) through the differences in the radii of each angle. It can adapt to a variety of different pipe inner walls, reduce calculation deviations caused by morphological changes, correct the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline, and achieve accurate mapping from "design ideal" to "operational reality". Especially in scenarios with aging pipelines and complex working conditions, it can provide more reliable data support for flow management, energy efficiency optimization, and fault diagnosis.

[0128] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adaptive flow measurement device, comprising a housing (1) detachably connected to a pipeline, characterized in that: One end of the housing (1) that penetrates into the pipeline is rotatably connected to a vertical rod (2), a power shaft (3) is rotatably mounted on the vertical rod (2), the axis of the power shaft (3) coincides with the axis of the pipeline, at least one support rod (4) is provided on the power shaft (3), a distance sensor for measuring the radius of the pipeline is fixed on the support rod (4); and a flow rate measuring mechanism (18) is also included, the flow rate measuring mechanism (18) being arranged on the pipeline and being used to measure the flow rate of the liquid in the pipeline; One end of the housing (1) that penetrates into the pipe is rotatably connected to a rotating block (5), a power member for driving the rotating block (5) to rotate is provided on the housing (1), the power shaft (3) is rotatably connected to the rotating block (5), and the support rod (4) is rotatably connected to the power shaft (3); One end of the power shaft (3) is inserted into the rotating block (5) and fixed with a gear (6). A toothless gear (7) is rotatably connected inside the rotating block (5). The toothless gear (7) is directly connected to the motor (15). The toothless gear (7) is meshed with the gear (6). The rotating block (5) is slidably connected to a plurality of insertion rods (8) via a compression spring. The insertion rods (8) can slide between adjacent teeth of the gear (6) to lock the rotation of the gear (6).

2. The adaptive flow measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide plate (9) is rotatably mounted on the vertical rod (2), at least one wing plate (10) is rotatably mounted on the guide plate (9), the wing plate (10) is connected to the guide plate (9) via a coil spring, and the guide plate (9) is connected to the power member.

3. The adaptive flow measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first gear (13) is fixed on the rotating shaft of the rotating block (5), a second gear (14) is fixed on the rotating shaft of the guide plate (9), the power member is a rack (12), the rack (12) is meshed with the first gear (13) and the second gear (14), an electric push rod is fixed in the housing (1), and one end of the rack (12) is fixed to the electric push rod.

4. The adaptive flow measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a locking bolt (11) for locking the rotation of the vertical rod (2); the upper end of the vertical rod (2) passes through the housing (1) to fix the indicator head; the upper end of the housing (1) is provided with a scale line corresponding to the indicator head.

5. An adaptive flow measurement method, using the adaptive flow measurement device according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Determine the lowering depth of the housing (1) according to the outer diameter of the pipe to be measured, and install the housing (1) on the pipe; S2: Control the power member to drive the power shaft (3) and the guide plate (9) to unfold, so that the power shaft (3) rotates out and becomes coaxial with the pipeline, and then fix the housing (1) to the pipeline; S3: The distance sensor rotates intermittently around the circumference. Each time it rotates to an angle, the distance sensor measures the distance from its probe to the pipe wall, adds the distance from the probe to the axis position of the power shaft (3) to obtain the radius of the position, and records the angle values ​​corresponding to the two adjacent radii, dividing the pipe cross section into n sector areas; S4: Approximate the sector area as a triangle, calculate the area of ​​each triangle according to the length and angle of adjacent radii, add up the areas of each triangle to get the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe, measure the fluid flow rate and the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe according to the flow rate measuring mechanism (18), and get the flow rate of the pipe.

6. The adaptive flow measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S3, the distance sensor rotates intermittently at the same angle.

7. The adaptive flow measurement method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S4, the area of ​​each triangle is calculated using the sine area formula, which is as follows: S i =1 / 2 × R i × R i+1 × sinθ （1）； in, S i Indicates the i The area of ​​a triangle, R i Indicates the i The distance from the axis of the power shaft (3) to the pipe wall is measured. θ For the i The first measurement and i+1 The angle between the measurements; R i The calculation formula is as follows: R i =e+r i （2）； in, e is a constant, and its value is the distance from the sensor probe to the axis of the power shaft (3). r i For the i The value of the distance from the sensor probe to the inner wall of the pipe obtained by the first measurement; By adding up the areas of each triangle, we can get the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe using the following formula: （3）； in, A Represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe where it is measured; The flow rate of the fluid measured by the flow rate measuring mechanism (18) is calculated with the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe to obtain the flow rate of the cross-sectional area. The formula is as follows: Q 实 = A × V （4）； in, Q 实 It's traffic. V is the flow rate.

8. The adaptive flow measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: S3 also includes a time-controlled switch, which is used to realize the timing of power on and off of the motor (15).

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