Potential safety hazard checking system and checking method used in highway engineering construction process

Abstract

The invention discloses a potential safety hazard checking system used in the highway engineering construction process. The potential safety hazard checking system comprises an intelligent patrol robot, an air safety detection mechanism and a protection mechanism. The air safety detection mechanism comprises a storage box fixedly installed on the intelligent patrol robot, a forward and reverse rotation motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the storage box, and an output shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor extends into the storage box and is fixedly connected with a two-way threaded rod. According to the potential safety hazard checking system used in the highway engineering construction process, an air safety detection mechanism and a protection mechanism are arranged on an intelligent patrol robot, so that a dust detector can measure the dust content of air in a construction environment after being moved out of a storage box under the action of a positive and negative rotation motor; the used dust detector can be protected by the storage box and the dustproof cover plate; through the arrangement, the intelligent patrol robot can detect the dust content of air in the construction environment, and the safety during construction is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of highway engineering construction, and specifically provides a safety hazard detection system and method for highway engineering construction. Background Technique

[0002] Highway engineering refers to the work of surveying, measuring, designing, constructing, maintaining, and managing highway structures; highway engineering structures include: subgrade, pavement, bridge, culvert, tunnel, drainage system, safety protection facilities, greening, and traffic monitoring facilities, as well as houses, workshops, and other service facilities used for construction, maintenance, and monitoring. In order to ensure the safety of highway engineering during construction, it is necessary to check one by one for potential safety hazards at the construction site, mainly targeting whether there are unsafe states in the materials and environment. When the existing technology uses intelligent patrol robots to replace manual labor for safety hazard detection, since they do not have the function of detecting the dust content in the air, when the dust content in the air of the construction environment is too high, it cannot be detected in time, which will affect the physical health of construction workers and indirectly affect the safety during construction. In addition, when the existing intelligent patrol robots conduct safety hazard detection, they lack effective protection measures and are easily affected by the harsh construction environment, resulting in equipment damage or inaccurate detection data. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system and method that can comprehensively detect safety hazards during highway engineering construction to solve the above problems. In response to the above problems, the existing technology urgently needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a safety hazard detection system and method for highway engineering construction to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A safety hazard detection system for highway engineering construction, including: an intelligent patrol robot, an air safety detection mechanism, and a protection mechanism;

[0005] The air safety detection mechanism includes a storage box fixedly installed on the intelligent patrol robot. A forward and reverse motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the storage box. The output shaft of the forward and reverse motor extends into the interior of the storage box and is fixedly connected to a bidirectional threaded rod. Movable blocks are threadedly sleeved on both opposite threads of the bidirectional threaded rod. One side of the movable block is rotatably connected to a connecting arm. One side of the connecting arm is rotatably connected to a connecting block. The top of the connecting block is fixedly connected to a movable plate body. The movable plate body is movably connected inside the storage box. A dust detector is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate body;

[0006] The protection mechanism includes a support base fixedly connected to the storage box. An electric push rod is fixedly installed on the top of the support base. The output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to a rack. One side of the rack is meshed with a driven gear, and the other side of the rack is movably connected to the support base. One side of the driven gear is fixedly connected to a movable rod body, and a dust-proof cover plate is fixedly sleeved on the movable rod body.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to use the intelligent patrol robot to check the potential safety hazards existing in the air in the construction environment, the bidirectional threaded rod can be driven to rotate clockwise by starting the forward and reverse motor, so that the two movable blocks can drive the connecting block to move after approaching each other, and then the movable plate can drive the dust detector to move out of the storage box under the action of the connecting block, so that the dust detector can measure the dust content in the air in the construction environment; in addition, after the dust detector is used up and moved into the storage box, the rack can be driven to move by starting the electric push rod, so that the driven gear can drive the movable rod body to turn 180 degrees, and then the dust-proof cover plate can be attached to the top of the storage box under the action of the movable rod body, so that dust cannot enter the storage box and affect the dust detector.

[0008] Preferably, the inner bottom wall of the storage box is uniformly and fixedly connected with limiting rod bodies, and the limiting rod bodies are slidably connected inside the movable plate.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the movable plate can move more smoothly during the up and down movement.

[0010] Preferably, an empty groove is formed inside the dust-proof cover plate, and a transparent acrylic plate is fixedly embedded inside the empty groove.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient for the staff to observe the dust detector outside the storage box in a timely manner.

[0012] Preferably, connecting rod bodies are uniformly and fixedly connected to the top of the support base, and a limiting plate body is movably sleeved on the connecting rod bodies. One side of the limiting plate body is fixedly connected to the rack.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the stability of the rack during the up and down movement can be improved.

[0014] Preferably, stoppers are fixedly connected to the tops of the connecting rod bodies and the limiting rod bodies.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient to limit the movement of the rack and the movable plate.

[0016] Preferably, a storage battery for powering the forward and reverse motor, the dust detector, and the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the storage box by screws.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient to supply power to the forward and reverse motor, the dust detector, and the electric push rod on the intelligent patrol robot.

[0018] Preferably, one end of the bidirectional threaded rod away from the forward and reverse motor is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the storage box through a bearing.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotational load of the bidirectional threaded rod can be reduced.

[0020] Preferably, brackets and support plates are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the storage box, and the inside of the brackets and the support plates are both rotatably connected to the movable rod body through bearings.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotational load of the movable rod body can be reduced, so that the dust-proof cover plate is more stable when opening and closing.

[0022] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for detecting potential safety hazards in highway engineering construction, including the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: The staff operates the intelligent patrol robot to patrol at the highway engineering construction site, and the camera of the intelligent patrol robot can take on-site photos of problems that are prone to potential safety hazards, such as the placement state of building materials, whether there are safety warning signs on the construction section, whether there are guardrails set in the construction area, and whether the construction operation area is messy, so that the staff can analyze the on-site video taken by the camera through the display to check the potential safety hazards at the construction site one by one;

[0024] Step 2: Start the forward and reverse motor to make the bidirectional threaded rod rotate clockwise under the action of the forward and reverse motor, so that the two movable blocks move closer to each other, and then the movable blocks can drive the connecting arm to rotate, and the rotated connecting arm drives the movable plate to lift through the connecting block, so that the dust detector extends out of the storage box under the action of the movable plate and detects the air dust content at the construction site;

[0025] Step 3: After the dust detector is used up, drive the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate counterclockwise through the forward and reverse motor, so that the two movable blocks move away from each other, and then the movable plate drives the dust detector to enter the storage box again;

[0026] Step 4: Start the electric push rod to drive the rack to move downward, so that the driven gear rotates counterclockwise under the action of the rack, and the movable rod body drives the dust-proof cover plate to rotate under the action of the driven gear. After rotation, the dust-proof cover plate fits on the top of the storage box to prevent dust from entering the storage box and affecting the dust detector.

[0027] Preferably, in Step 2, to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the dust detector, the housing of the dust detector is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate body by screws.

[0028] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] The safety hazard detection system for highway engineering construction processes, by respectively arranging an air safety detection mechanism and a protection mechanism on the intelligent patrol robot, enables the dust detector to measure the dust content in the construction environment air after being moved out of the storage box under the action of the forward and reverse motor, and the used dust detector can be protected by the storage box and the dust-proof cover plate; by the liftable dust detector in the air safety detection mechanism to continuously monitor the dust content in the construction environment, combined with the automatic closed dust-proof cover plate of the protection mechanism, effectively solves the problems that traditional inspection equipment cannot detect air quality and lacks protection, and has the advantages of improving the safety of the construction environment and the durability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view of Area A of the schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the storage box and the dust-proof cover plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of Area B of the schematic structural diagram of the storage box and the dust-proof cover plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the bidirectional threaded rod and the movable block body of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the air safety detection mechanism and the protection mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Intelligent patrol robot; 2. Air safety detection mechanism; 20. Storage box; 21. Forward and reverse motor; 22. Bidirectional threaded rod; 23. Movable block; 24. Connecting arm; 25. Connecting block; 26. Movable plate; 27. Dust detector; 28. Limit rod; 29. Stop block; 201. Battery; 3. Protection mechanism; 30. Support plate; 31. Bracket; 32. Movable rod; 33. Dust-proof cover plate; 34. Support base; 35. Electric push rod; 36. Rack; 37. Driven gear; 38. Connecting rod; 39. Empty slot; 301. Limit plate body. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] In the traditional and existing highway engineering construction safety hazard investigation system, the intelligent patrol robot mainly relies on visual sensors to conduct safety assessments on the physical environment of the construction site, but there are structural deficiencies in the environmental monitoring dimensions. The dynamic changes in the concentration of suspended particulate matter in the construction area cannot be effectively quantified, resulting in an uncontrollable state of the breathing exposure risk of the operating personnel, and a single-dimensional monitoring defect in the environmental safety indicators.

[0039] For example, in the open-air asphalt paving operation scenario, the intelligent patrol robot executes regular inspection tasks along a preset path. The two-dimensional lidar carried by it can identify the defect state of the construction enclosure, and the thermal imaging module can detect the abnormal temperature rise of mechanical equipment. However, when the paver heats the asphalt and generates a large amount of inhalable particulate matter, key air parameters such as PM2.5 and PM10 are lacking in the system monitoring data stream. The filtration efficiency of the respiratory protection devices worn by on-site operators does not match the real-time dust concentration, resulting in the failure of respiratory protection.

[0040] If the above problems are not solved, the long-term exposure of construction workers to an environment with excessive dust will lead to a significant increase in the incidence of occupational pneumoconiosis, and the medical cost will increase exponentially with the accumulation of working years. The failure rate of equipment circuit board short circuits caused by dust deposition will increase, and the average trouble-free working time of key construction machinery will be shortened. More seriously, when the concentration of combustible dust reaches the explosion limit and is not timely warned, a chain combustion reaction may be triggered, causing a catastrophic safety accident.

[0041] When facing the above problems, the present application first makes a technical breakthrough for the pain point of the lack of dynamic monitoring of the dust concentration in the construction area. Although traditional intelligent patrol robots have visual perception capabilities, there are structural defects in their environmental monitoring dimensions, and they cannot capture the real-time concentration changes of airborne particulate matter. In response to this, the present application creatively integrates the dust detection function into the mobile inspection platform to achieve three-dimensional environmental monitoring through a liftable detection module. Among them, the detection mechanism needs to have the ability to adjust the height to adapt to different working scenarios. For example, in the asphalt paving process, the detection height is increased to capture the particulate matter carried by the hot air flow. At the same time, in order to avoid the influence of dust deposition on the detection accuracy, the dynamic sealing mechanism of the protective structure needs to form a linkage control with the detection module.

[0042] For this, please refer to Figures 1-6 , the present application proposes, including an intelligent patrol robot, an air safety detection mechanism and a protection mechanism; the air safety detection mechanism includes a storage box fixedly installed on the intelligent patrol robot, a forward and reverse motor is fixedly installed on the outside of the storage box, the output shaft of the forward and reverse motor extends into the interior of the storage box and is fixedly connected with a bidirectional threaded rod, movable blocks are threadedly sleeved on the two opposite threads of the bidirectional threaded rod, one side of the movable block is rotatably connected with a connecting arm, one side of the connecting arm is rotatably connected with a connecting block, the top of the connecting block is fixedly connected with a movable plate body, the movable plate body is movably connected inside the storage box, and a dust detector is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate body; the protection mechanism includes a support base fixedly connected to the storage box, an electric push rod is fixedly installed on the top of the support base, the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with a rack, one side of the rack is meshed with a driven gear, the other side of the rack is movably connected with the support base, and a movable rod body is fixedly connected to one side of the driven gear, and a dust-proof cover plate is fixedly sleeved on the movable rod body.

[0043] Among them, the intelligent patrol robot refers to an automated device that can move autonomously or remotely. Specifically, it can be implemented using a mobile robot equipped with a camera, sensors, and a drive module, and is used to perform patrol tasks at the construction site. Among them, the air safety detection mechanism refers to a component used to detect the dust content in the environment. Specifically, it can be implemented using a combined structure including a lifting structure and a dust detector, and adjusts the position of the detector through lifting to meet different detection requirements. Among them, the storage box refers to a box structure used to accommodate the dust detector. Specifically, it can be implemented using a sealed box made of metal or plastic, providing a storage space for the detector and preventing external interference. Among them, the forward and reverse motor refers to a drive device that can control bi-directional rotation. Specifically, it can be implemented using a stepper motor or a servo motor, and drives the threaded rod to move through the forward and reverse rotation of the output shaft, thereby adjusting the height of the detector. Among them, the bi-directional threaded rod refers to a rod-shaped component with two sections of threads in opposite directions. Specifically, it can be implemented using a threaded rod processed from stainless steel, and drives the two side movable blocks to move towards or away from each other through rotation. Among them, the movable block refers to a moving component that is threadedly engaged with the bi-directional threaded rod. Specifically, it can be implemented using a metal block with internal threads, converting the rotational motion of the threaded rod into a linear displacement to drive the connecting arm. Among them, the connecting arm refers to a connecting rod component used to transmit power. Specifically, it can be implemented using a hinged metal rod, converting the linear displacement of the movable block into the lifting motion of the movable plate through rotation. Among them, the connecting block refers to a transitional component between the connecting arm and the movable plate. Specifically, it can be implemented using a metal connecting piece with a rotating shaft, ensuring the smooth movement of the movable plate during the lifting process. Among them, the movable plate refers to a moving platform that bears the dust detector. Specifically, it can be implemented using a metal flat plate with limit holes, controlling the extended or retracted state of the detector through vertical movement. Among them, the dust detector refers to a detection device used to measure the concentration of particulate matter in the air. Specifically, it can be implemented using a PM2.5 sensor based on the principle of laser scattering, and real-time monitors the dust content in the construction area. Among them, the protection mechanism refers to a mechanical component that protects the detection device. Specifically, it can be implemented using a linkage shielding structure, covering the detector to prevent dust intrusion in the non-working state. Among them, the support base refers to a base component that fixes the protection mechanism. Specifically, it can be implemented using a metal bracket welded to the storage box, providing a stable installation foundation for the electric push rod. Among them, the electric push rod refers to an electric actuator that can linearly extend and retract. Specifically, it can be implemented using a push rod device driven by a DC motor, and drives the rack to generate a linear displacement through the telescopic motion. Among them, the rack refers to a linear motion component with continuous tooth profiles. Specifically, it can be implemented using a straight rack processed from quenched steel, converting the linear motion of the electric push rod into the rotational motion of the gear. Among them, the driven gear refers to a rotating gear that meshes with the rack. Specifically, it can be implemented using a steel gear with a matching modulus, driving the gear to drive the movable rod to rotate through the movement of the rack.Among them, the movable rod body refers to the transmission shaft connecting the gear and the dust-proof cover plate, which can be specifically realized by using a hollow stainless steel pipe fitting to transmit the rotational motion of the gear to the dust-proof cover plate to achieve the opening and closing action. Among them, the dust-proof cover plate refers to the protective cover covering the top of the storage box, which can be specifically realized by using a metal cover plate with a transparent observation window to form a sealed protection when the detector is retracted to avoid dust accumulation.

[0044] The core innovation of this application lies in integrating the liftable dust detection mechanism with the intelligent patrol robot. Through the working mode of driving the detector to lift by a bidirectional threaded rod and cooperating with the dust-proof cover plate structure of gear-rack transmission, while ensuring the mobile inspection function, it realizes the precise positioning and automatic protection of the dust detection equipment, effectively solving the technical defect of the lack of dust monitoring at the construction site.

[0045] The working process and principle of this application are as follows: The intelligent patrol robot is used to patrol at the construction site of highway engineering. The air safety detection mechanism includes a storage box, which is fixedly installed on the intelligent patrol robot. The forward and reverse motor is fixedly installed on the outside of the storage box, and its output shaft extends into the storage box and is fixedly connected to the bidirectional threaded rod. Movable blocks are threadedly sleeved on the two opposite threads of the bidirectional threaded rod. One side of the movable block is rotatably connected to a connecting arm, and one side of the connecting arm is rotatably connected to a connecting block. The top of the connecting block is fixedly connected to a movable plate body, and the movable plate body is movably connected inside the storage box. The dust detector is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate body.

[0046] The protection mechanism includes a support base, which is fixedly connected to the storage box. The electric push rod is fixedly installed on the top of the support base, and its output end is fixedly connected to a rack. One side of the rack is meshed and connected with a driven gear, and the other side is movably connected to the support base. One side of the driven gear is fixedly connected to a movable rod body, and the dust-proof cover plate is fixedly sleeved on the movable rod body.

[0047] During operation, the forward and reverse motor drives the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate, so that the two movable blocks approach or move away from each other. The movable block drives the connecting arm to rotate, and the connecting arm drives the movable plate body to move up and down through the connecting block, so that the dust detector extends out of or retracts into the storage box. The electric push rod drives the rack to move up and down, drives the driven gear to rotate, and makes the movable rod body drive the dust-proof cover plate to rotate, realizing the opening or sealing of the storage box.

[0048] This design realizes the lifting of the dust detector and the opening and closing of the dust-proof cover plate through a mechanical transmission structure, enabling the detection and protection functions to work together. The cooperation of the forward and reverse motor and the bidirectional threaded rod can achieve precise height adjustment to adapt to different detection requirements. The gear-rack mechanism provides a smooth rotation of the dust-proof cover plate.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the solution of this application is specifically implemented as follows:

[0050] The intelligent patrol robot adopts a crawler chassis and is equipped with a high-definition camera and a lidar. The storage box is made of aluminum alloy, in the shape of a cuboid, and is fixedly installed at the central position on the top of the robot. The forward and reverse motor is a stepper motor, which is fixed to the side wall of the storage box through a flange. The bidirectional threaded rod is made of stainless steel, and its two ends are respectively left-handed and right-handed threads. The movable block is an aluminum slider, and a threaded hole matching the threaded rod is opened inside. The connecting arm and the connecting block are both made of aluminum alloy, and are rotationally connected through a pin shaft. The movable plate is a square aluminum plate, and round holes are opened at the four corners to slidably cooperate with the guide posts on the inner wall of the storage box. The dust detector adopts a laser scattering type sensor and is fixed to the upper surface of the movable plate through bolts.

[0051] The support base is a U-shaped steel structure, which is welded and fixed to the top of the storage box. The electric push rod selects a linear push rod motor and is vertically installed at the center of the support base. The rack is made of nylon material to reduce noise. The driven gear is made of polyoxymethylene material and meshes well with the rack. The movable rod body is a stainless steel round rod, and both ends are connected to the bracket through bearing seats. The dust-proof cover plate is made of ABS engineering plastic, and reinforcing ribs are opened inside to improve strength.

[0052] During operation, the forward and reverse motor drives the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate at a speed of 500 rpm, so that the movable plate rises or falls at a speed of 10 mm / s. The electric push rod pushes the rack at a speed of 20 mm / s, driving the dust-proof cover plate to complete a 90° rotation within 3 seconds. The dust detector samples once every 10 seconds, and the data is transmitted to the control center through a wireless module.

[0053] Through the above solution, the present application realizes the real-time monitoring of the dust content in the air at the highway engineering construction site. The intelligent patrol robot can automatically detect dust during the inspection process, avoiding the labor intensity and safety risks of manual sampling. The liftable detection mechanism adapts to the detection requirements at different heights, improving the accuracy and representativeness of the data. The design of the dust-proof cover plate effectively protects the detection equipment and extends the service life. The system can timely detect abnormal dust content in the air, provide early warnings for the health and safety of construction workers, help improve the construction environment, and reduce the risk of occupational diseases. At the same time, the real-time monitoring of the dust concentration data also provides a scientific basis for construction management and environmental assessment, which is conducive to optimizing the construction process and reducing dust pollution.

[0054] In some of the above solutions of the present application, during the lifting movement of the movable plate inside the storage box, it is easy to deviate or shake in the horizontal direction, resulting in an unstable position of the dust detector, thereby affecting the accuracy of the air dust content detection.

[0055] The present application further proposes that the inner bottom wall of the storage box is uniformly and fixedly connected with limiting rod bodies, and the limiting rod bodies are slidably connected inside the movable plate.

[0056] Among them, the limiting rod bodies are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the storage box, and there is a distance between the top ends of the limiting rod bodies and the top of the storage box to form a lifting stroke. The diameter of the through holes opened inside the movable plate body forms a clearance fit with the outer diameter of the limiting rod body, and the fit clearance is controlled within the range of 0.1-0.3 mm. The installation axis of the limiting rod body and the rotation axis of the bidirectional threaded rod form a spatial perpendicular relationship to constitute a three-dimensional constraint system.

[0057] Specifically, when the forward and reverse motor drives the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate, the movable block drives the connecting arm to perform a planar motion. At this time, the limiting rod body restricts the lateral displacement of the movable plate body during the lifting process through a sliding connection method. For example, when the movable plate body rises, a sliding friction force is generated at the contact surface between the limiting rod body and the inner wall of the through hole, and the direction of this friction force is always opposite to the offset trend of the movable plate body, forcing the movable plate body to move along a preset vertical trajectory. Further, the limiting rod body is made of 45# steel with a surface polished treatment, and a polytetrafluoroethylene bushing is embedded in the through hole of the movable plate body. The cooperation of the two can reduce the friction coefficient to below 0.05 to ensure the smoothness of the lifting action. This structure enables the dust detector to maintain a vertical lifting trajectory during the process of extending out of the storage box, and the detection probe is always at the preset detection height.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, the solution of the present application is specifically implemented as follows: The inner bottom wall of the storage box is uniformly and fixedly connected with limiting rod bodies, and the limiting rod bodies are slidably connected inside the movable plate body. Specifically, a plurality of limiting rod bodies are fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the storage box, and these limiting rod bodies are evenly distributed. Through holes corresponding to the limiting rod bodies are opened on the movable plate body, and the limiting rod bodies pass through these through holes to form a sliding connection with the movable plate body. Thus, when the movable plate body moves up and down driven by the connecting arm, the limiting rod body can play a role in guiding and limiting, ensuring that the movement of the movable plate body is more stable and accurate.

[0059] Through the above technical solutions, the present application can effectively improve the stability and accuracy of the movement of the movable plate body. The setting of the limiting rod body can prevent the movable plate body from shifting or shaking during the up and down movement, thereby ensuring the accurate detection position of the dust detector. In addition, the limiting rod body can also increase the support strength of the movable plate body and improve the reliability and durability of the entire mechanism. This design not only simplifies the structure but also improves the working efficiency and detection accuracy of the system, providing a more reliable guarantee for the investigation of potential safety hazards during the construction process of highway engineering.

[0060] In some of the above solutions of the present application, after the dust-proof cover is closed, the internal state of the storage box cannot be directly observed, resulting in the need to frequently open the cover for visual inspection, which may increase the risk of dust entry.

[0061] The present application further proposes that an empty slot is opened inside the dust-proof cover, and a transparent acrylic board is fixedly embedded inside the empty slot.

[0062] Among them, the shape of the empty groove matches the outer contour of the transparent acrylic plate, and the two are hermetically connected through an adhesive. The opening position of the empty groove is located in the central area of the dust-proof cover plate, and the proportion of its area in the total surface area of the cover plate is controlled in the range of 60%-70%. The thickness of the transparent acrylic plate is set to be 2.5-3.5 mm, and the light transmittance index requirement is above 90%. The dust-proof cover plate is formed by stamping a metal plate, and a flanging structure with a width of 5 mm is formed at the edge of the empty groove to enhance rigidity.

[0063] Specifically, when the dust-proof cover plate is in the closed state, the transparent acrylic plate embedded in the empty groove constitutes a visible window. Construction personnel can directly observe the working state of the dust detector in the storage box through this light-transmitting material without operating the cover opening and closing mechanism. The structural design of the empty groove maintains the overall strength of the cover plate by retaining the surrounding metal frame while ensuring the observation function. The joint between the transparent acrylic plate and the metal cover plate is filled with silicone sealant to effectively prevent external dust from seeping into the box body through the assembly gap. This implementation scheme realizes the real-time monitoring function while maintaining the dust-proof performance of the protection mechanism.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, the solution of the present application is specifically implemented as follows: An empty groove is provided inside the dust-proof cover plate, and a transparent acrylic plate is fixedly embedded inside the empty groove. Specifically, the dust-proof cover plate is made of a metal material, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy. The empty groove is opened at the central position inside the dust-proof cover plate, and the shape is rectangular. The thickness of the transparent acrylic plate is 5 mm, and the size matches that of the empty groove. The transparent acrylic plate is fixedly embedded in the empty groove through an adhesive and is flush with the surface of the dust-proof cover plate.

[0065] Through the above technical solution, the present application realizes the combination of the dust-proof function and the light-transmitting function of the dust-proof cover plate. The dust-proof cover plate can effectively prevent dust from entering the storage box and protect the internal dust detector. At the same time, the transparent acrylic plate allows light to pass through, facilitating the observation of the internal condition of the storage box and convenient for inspection and maintenance. In addition, the transparent acrylic plate has good weather resistance and impact resistance, and can maintain transparency and structural integrity for a long time, and is suitable for outdoor environments.

[0066] In some of the above solutions of the present application, the electric push rod provided at the top of the support base drives the driven gear through a rack to drive the dust-proof cover plate to rotate. However, the rack is prone to lateral deviation during movement, resulting in the meshing failure with the driven gear and affecting the normal opening and closing action of the dust-proof cover plate.

[0067] The present application further proposes that connecting rod bodies are uniformly fixedly connected to the top of the support base, and a limiting plate body is movably sleeved on the connecting rod bodies, and one side of the limiting plate body is fixedly connected to the rack.

[0068] The connecting rod body is a cylindrical metal rod vertically welded on the surface of the supporting base, the limit plate body is a rectangular metal plate, a through hole is opened inside and it is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod body, and the side of the limit plate body is rigidly connected to the side of the rack by bolts. The number of connecting rod bodies is set to two, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the moving direction of the rack, for example, a double rod parallel arrangement structure with a spacing of 50mm is adopted. A gap of 0.5mm is reserved between the limit plate body and the connecting rod body, so that the limit plate body can slide freely in the axial direction but limit radial displacement.

[0069] Specifically, when the electric push rod drives the rack to move downward, the limit plate fixed to the side of the rack slides axially along the connecting rod body, and the connecting rod body rigidly constrains the movement trajectory of the limit plate body, thereby limiting the lateral displacement of the rack during movement. Since the two connecting rods are located on both sides of the rack, a symmetrical guide structure is formed, and the rack only moves in the vertical direction, ensuring that the meshing surface of the rack and the driven gear is always within the effective contact range. This process maintains a linear correspondence between the rotation angle of the driven gear and the displacement of the rack, and the rotation angle deviation of the dust cover is controlled within ±2°.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment, the solution of the present application is specifically implemented as follows: a connecting rod body is evenly fixedly connected to the top of the support base, a limiting plate body is movably mounted on the connecting rod body, and one side of the limiting plate body is fixedly connected to the rack. Specifically, a plurality of connecting rod bodies are arranged on the top of the support base, and these connecting rod bodies are evenly distributed along the periphery of the support base. A limiting plate body is mounted on each connecting rod body, and the limiting plate body can slide freely on the connecting rod body. One side of the limiting plate body is fixedly connected to the rack, so that the rack can drive the limiting plate body to slide on the connecting rod body when it moves up and down. This structural design can provide stable guidance and support for the rack, ensuring that the rack remains vertical during movement without tilting or offsetting.

[0071] Through the above technical solution, the present application can effectively improve the stability and accuracy of the rack movement. Due to the cooperation between the limit plate body and the connecting rod body, the rack is supported and guided at multiple points during the up and down movement, reducing the possibility of lateral shaking. This structural design makes the meshing of the rack and the driven gear tighter and more accurate, thereby improving the working efficiency and reliability of the entire protective mechanism. At the same time, the uniform distribution of multiple connecting rod bodies also enhances the strength of the entire support structure, allowing the system to maintain good stability and durability during long-term use.

[0072] In some of the above-mentioned schemes of the present application, the connecting rod and the limiting rod may detach from the top due to inertia during the movement of the movable plate and the limiting plate, resulting in unexpected separation of the movable plate and the storage box, affecting the lifting stability of the dust detector.

[0073] The present application further proposes that a stop block is fixedly connected to the top ends of both the connecting rod body and the limiting rod body.

[0074] Among them, the stop block is fixed to the top end of the rod body by welding or bolt connection, and its diameter is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the rod body; the stop block is made of metal or high-strength engineering plastic, and its surface is processed into an arc transition structure; the thickness range of the stop block is 3-5 mm, covering the edge of the top end of the rod body to form an annular protrusion.

[0075] Specifically, when the movable plate body slides along the limiting rod body to the top end, the stop block forms a physical block to limit the continuous movement of the movable plate body, avoiding the separation of the limiting rod body from the movable plate body; when the limiting plate body moves up and down along the connecting rod body with the rack, the stop block prevents the limiting plate body from sliding out of the top of the connecting rod body, ensuring the meshing accuracy between the rack and the driven gear. This structure maintains the movement track of the lifting assembly through mechanical limiting, guarantees the positioning accuracy of the dust detector during the extension and retraction processes, and at the same time prevents the separation of components caused by vibration or impact of the support structure.

[0076] As a preferred embodiment, the solution of the present application is specifically implemented as follows: a stop block is fixedly connected to the top ends of both the connecting rod body and the limiting rod body. Specifically, a cylindrical stop block is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting rod body, and a cylindrical stop block is also fixedly connected to the top end of the limiting rod body. The diameters of these stop blocks are larger than the diameters of the connecting rod body and the limiting rod body. The stop block can be made of metal materials, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy. The stop block can be fixed to the connecting rod body and the limiting rod body by welding or threaded connection.

[0077] Through the above technical solution, the present application can prevent the limiting plate body and the movable plate body from separating from the connecting rod body and the limiting rod body during the movement process. The setting of the stop block increases the stability and safety of the system, avoiding failures caused by accidental separation of components. At the same time, the stop block can also play a role in limiting, controlling the movement range of the limiting plate body and the movable plate body, and preventing excessive movement from causing system damage. In addition, the presence of the stop block makes the assembly and disassembly of the system more convenient, facilitating maintenance and replacement of components.

[0078] In some of the above solutions of the present application, the movable plate body in the storage box is slidably connected to the inside of the storage box through the limiting rod body. The movable plate body needs to be lifted and lowered frequently to drive the dust detector to extend or retract. If the power supply device is not installed stably or the position is unreasonable, it may cause the power supply line to be pulled during the lifting and lowering process of the movable plate body, thereby affecting the reliability of the equipment operation.

[0079] The present application further proposes that a storage battery for supplying power to the forward and reverse motor, the dust detector, and the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the storage box by screws.

[0080] Among them, the storage battery is fixed to the inner side wall of the storage box by screws. The installation position avoids the lifting path of the movable plate body, and the screw connection method is convenient for disassembly and maintenance. The power supply line of the storage battery is connected to the forward and reverse motor, the dust detector and the electric push rod respectively through the preset wire grooves inside the storage box. The wire groove path is arranged along the inner wall of the storage box to avoid interference with the movable block body, the connecting arm or the limiting rod body. The fixed position of the storage battery is close to the opening side of the storage box, which is convenient for maintenance or replacement by opening the dust-proof cover plate.

[0081] Specifically, the screw fixed connection method stably fixes the storage battery to the inner side wall of the storage box, avoiding the displacement or falling off of the storage battery due to the movement or vibration of the intelligent patrol robot. The power supply line of the storage battery is hidden in the inner wall of the storage box through the wire groove, preventing the cable from being wound or worn when the movable plate body is lifted. When the storage battery needs to be maintained, it can be quickly removed from the inner side wall by removing the screws, without removing structures such as the limiting rod body or the movable plate body, reducing the maintenance complexity. In addition, the layout of the storage battery close to the opening side of the storage box exposes it directly within the view of the operator when the dust-proof cover plate is opened, further simplifying the maintenance process.

[0082] As a preferred embodiment, the solution of the present application is specifically implemented as follows: The inner side wall of the storage box is fixedly connected by screws with a storage battery for supplying power to the forward and reverse motor, the dust detector and the electric push rod. The storage battery is installed at the upper position of the inner side wall of the storage box and is fixed by a plurality of screws. The positive and negative electrodes of the storage battery are respectively connected with wires, and the wires pass through the reserved wire grooves inside the storage box and are respectively connected to the power supply interfaces of the forward and reverse motor, the dust detector and the electric push rod. The storage battery uses a rechargeable lithium battery with a capacity of 5000 mAh and an output voltage of 12V. For the convenience of replacement and maintenance, the storage battery adopts a snap-in installation method and can be quickly disassembled.

[0083] Through the above technical solutions, the present application realizes the centralized power supply for the forward and reverse motor, the dust detector and the electric push rod, avoids the use of multiple independent power sources, and simplifies the system structure. Since the storage battery is installed inside the storage box, the power supply equipment is protected and the protection level of the system is improved. Using a rechargeable lithium battery as the power source extends the working time of the system and reduces the trouble of frequent battery replacement. The snap-in installation method is convenient for the replacement and maintenance of the storage battery and improves the maintainability of the system.

[0084] In some of the above solutions of the present application, when the bidirectional threaded rod rotates driven by the forward and reverse motor, the end far from the forward and reverse motor lacks effective support and is prone to vibration or deviation during rotation, resulting in an unstable movement trajectory of the movable block body on the bidirectional threaded rod, and further affecting the smoothness of the dust detector extending or retracting from the storage box.

[0085] One end of the bidirectional threaded rod away from the forward and reverse motor is rotationally connected to the inner side wall of the storage box through a bearing.

[0086] Among them, the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly sleeved on the end of the bidirectional threaded rod, and the outer ring of the bearing is embedded in the mounting hole on the inner side wall of the storage box to achieve fixation. The position of the mounting hole on the inner side wall of the storage box and the output shaft of the forward and reverse motor are on the same horizontal axis to ensure that the bidirectional threaded rod remains horizontal during rotation. The bearing adopts a deep groove ball bearing structure, and the clearance between its balls and the inner and outer rings is controlled within the range of 0.05 - 0.1 mm.

[0087] Specifically, when the bidirectional threaded rod rotates clockwise or counterclockwise driven by the forward and reverse motor, the end away from the forward and reverse motor realizes radial support on the inner side wall of the storage box through the bearing. The inner ring of the bearing rotates synchronously with the bidirectional threaded rod, and the outer ring remains stationary with the storage box. The radial load during the rotation of the bidirectional threaded rod is transmitted to the inner side wall of the storage box through the rolling friction of the balls. This structure forms fixed supports at both ends of the bidirectional threaded rod in the length direction, and the bending deformation of the rod body during rotation is limited within 0.2 mm, ensuring that the moving track of the movable block on the two threads of the bidirectional threaded rod remains linear. When the forward and reverse motor drives the bidirectional threaded rod at a speed of 120 revolutions per minute, the grease of the bearing can maintain continuous operation for 300 hours without maintenance, making the lifting action of the dust detector have long-term reliability.

[0088] As a preferred embodiment, the solution of the present application is specifically implemented as follows: One end of the bidirectional threaded rod away from the forward and reverse motor is rotationally connected to the inner side wall of the storage box through a bearing. Specifically, one end of the bidirectional threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the forward and reverse motor, and the other end is rotationally connected to the inner side wall of the storage box through a bearing. The bearing can be selected as a deep groove ball bearing, with the inner ring fixed to the bidirectional threaded rod and the outer ring fixed to the inner side wall of the storage box. This connection method enables the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate stably driven by the forward and reverse motor, while reducing friction and improving operation efficiency.

[0089] Through the above technical solutions, the present application realizes the stable support and smooth rotation of the bidirectional threaded rod. Thus, the bidirectional threaded rod reliably drives the movable block to move under the drive of the forward and reverse motor, thereby controlling the lifting of the dust detector, improving the working reliability and efficiency of the air safety detection mechanism. At the same time, the bearing connection reduces friction, extends the service life of the equipment, and reduces the maintenance cost.

[0090] In some of the above solutions of the present application, when the movable rod rotates driven by the driven gear, due to the lack of an effective axial support structure, radial offset is likely to occur during long-term rotation, resulting in an unstable closing track of the dust-proof cover plate. At the same time, the friction loss between the movable rod and the support structure increases, affecting the long-term operation reliability of the protection mechanism.

[0091] The present application further proposes that brackets and support plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the storage box respectively, and the inside of the brackets and the support plates are both rotatably connected to the movable rod body through bearings.

[0092] Among them, the brackets and the support plates are respectively perpendicularly welded to the outer walls on the left and right sides of the storage box to form symmetrically distributed support points. The brackets adopt an L-shaped steel plate structure, the vertical side of which is welded and fixed to the side wall of the storage box, and the horizontal side extends below the axis of the movable rod body; the support plate is a rectangular steel plate, and its long side direction is welded to the side wall of the storage box. The bearings are selected as deep groove ball bearings, the outer rings of which are press-fitted into the preset circular through holes of the brackets and the support plates by interference fit, and the inner rings are in transitional fit with the optical axis sections at both ends of the movable rod body. The installation height of the brackets is lower than that of the support plates, and their axes are horizontally centered, with the deviation controlled within the range of ±0.1 mm.

[0093] Specifically, when the electric push rod drives the rack to move linearly, the driven gear drives the movable rod body to rotate around its axis. Both ends of the movable rod body are respectively inserted into the inner rings of the bearings in the brackets and the support plates, and the rotational resistance is reduced to less than 1 / 10 of the sliding friction through the rolling friction characteristics of the bearings. The double fulcrum structure formed by the brackets and the support plates converts the cantilever beam stress mode of the movable rod body into a simply supported beam structure, reducing the mid-span deflection of the movable rod body by about 75%. In this state, the dust-proof cover plate rotates around the movable rod body as a rotating shaft for opening and closing movements with an angle of 0 - 90°, and the angle error between its rotation trajectory plane and the normal direction of the top surface of the storage box does not exceed ±0.5°. The sealing structure of the bearings can effectively prevent the dust at the construction site from entering the rolling element track, and under the working condition with a rotational speed lower than 50 r / min, the expected service life can reach more than 10,000 hours.

[0094] As a preferred embodiment, the solution of the present application is specifically implemented as follows: an L-shaped steel bracket is welded on the left side of the storage box, and a rectangular aluminum alloy support plate is welded on the right side. The inner end face of the bracket is machined with a first circular through hole, and the center position of the support plate is machined with a second circular through hole, and deep groove ball bearings are respectively press-fitted into the two through holes. Both ends of the movable rod body are respectively inserted into the corresponding inner rings of the bearings, and the rod end close to the bracket is machined with a stepped shaft structure to form an interference fit with the inner ring of the bearing; the rod end close to the support plate is circumferentially fixed to the inner ring of the bearing through a flat key, enabling the movable rod body to rotate coaxially between the bracket and the support plate.

[0095] Through the above technical solutions, the present application effectively solves the problem of possible axis offset during the rotation of the movable rod body. The double-bearing support structure ensures the radial positioning accuracy of the rotating components and reduces mechanical wear. Through the setting of the split bracket and the support plate, while ensuring the installation accuracy of the movable rod body, the symmetric distribution of the loads on both sides of the storage box is achieved, thereby improving the smoothness of the opening and closing actions of the dust-proof cover. This structural design further avoids the stress concentration phenomenon caused by traditional single-sided support and ensures the long-term reliable operation of the dust detector storage mechanism.

[0096] In some of the above solutions of the present application, when using a dust detector for air detection in the method for investigating potential safety hazards in highway engineering construction, the dust detector is exposed to the external environment and is easily contaminated by dust or damaged by collision, resulting in a decrease in detection accuracy or equipment failure. At the same time, the internal structure of the storage box is complex, and during the lifting process of the dust detector, jamming or offset may occur due to unstable cooperation of the moving components, affecting the reliability of the detection operation.

[0097] The present application further proposes that an intelligent patrol robot patrols at the highway engineering construction site, takes pictures of potential safety hazards through a camera and analyzes them; starts a forward and reverse motor to drive a bidirectional threaded rod to rotate, so that the movable blocks approach each other and drive a movable plate to lift through a connecting arm, so that the dust detector extends out of the storage box for detection; after the detection is completed, the bidirectional threaded rod is rotated in the reverse direction to retract the dust detector; starts an electric push rod to drive a rack to move, drives a driven gear to rotate, and makes the movable rod body rotate to cover the top of the storage box with a dust-proof cover.

[0098] Among them, when the forward and reverse motor drives the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate clockwise, the movable blocks move towards each other along the opposite threaded sections of the bidirectional threaded rod. The connecting arm pushes the connecting block to lift vertically through rotation, and the movable plate slides along the limiting rod under the drive of the connecting block, ensuring that the dust detector rises vertically to a predetermined height; when the electric push rod pushes the rack to move linearly, the meshing transmission between the rack and the driven gear is converted into a rotational motion, and the movable rod body drives the dust-proof cover to rotate around the rotation axis to the top of the storage box, and the transparent acrylic plate in the empty slot maintains the visibility of the detection instrument.

[0099] Specifically, before the dust detector performs detection, the forward and reverse motor precisely controls the change in the distance between the movable blocks through the rotation of the bidirectional threaded rod, and the limiting rod guides the movement trajectory of the movable plate to eliminate lateral offset; after the detection is completed, the dust-proof cover forms a sealed protection under the drive of the electric push rod, and the transparent observation window allows external monitoring of the internal state of the storage box; the lifting of the movable plate and the opening and closing of the dust-proof cover form a linkage protection mechanism. When detecting, the dust-proof cover is fully opened to avoid obstruction, and when not in operation, it is fully closed to prevent dust from entering, realizing multiple protection functions through mechanical transmission.

[0100] As a preferred embodiment, the solution of the present application is specifically implemented as follows: When the intelligent patrol robot moves along the preset trajectory in the construction area, the 1080P high-definition camera carried by it collects the video stream data of the construction site at a rate of 30 frames per second. When patrolling to the concrete mixing operation area, the embedded controller starts a forward and reverse motor with a rated power of 150W, driving a bidirectional threaded rod with a diameter of 20mm to rotate at a speed of 60r / min, forcing two moving blocks with hard chromium plating on the surface to move towards each other at a speed of 5cm / s. This movement is converted into a vertical displacement through the articulated 304 stainless steel connecting arm, causing the aluminum alloy movable plate with a thickness of 2mm to drive the dust detector to rise 300mm along the linear guide to the working position, and the laser scattering sensor collects the PM2.5 concentration data at a frequency of 1 time per second. After the detection is completed, the motor rotates in the reverse direction to retract the detection component into the sealed box body. At this time, an electric push rod with a rated thrust of 500N drives a rack with a module of 2 to move downward at a speed of 10mm / s, driving a driven gear with 20 teeth to rotate 90 degrees, so that the dust-proof cover made of polycarbonate material completes the sealing of the top of the box body through a rotating shaft with a diameter of 15mm.

[0101] Through the above technical solution, the present application realizes a dual protection mechanism for the dust detection device. The lifting mechanism uses a mechanical linkage method to ensure the accurate positioning of the detector, and the dust-proof cover completes the sealing action through the gear-rack transmission. This solution effectively isolates the dust in the construction site from polluting the precision sensor, avoids the detection error caused by dust accumulation, and at the same time reduces the manual maintenance frequency through the automatic retraction and extension design. Specifically, in the application in the concrete pouring operation area, the dust concentration value within the range of 0 - 20mg / m 3 can be measured every time the detector extends to work, and the data deviation is controlled within ±3%. Compared with the traditional fixed detection device, the equipment failure rate is reduced by 40%.

[0102] In some of the above solutions of the present application, the dust detector is prone to failure or damage when exposed to the dust environment of the construction site for a long time and needs to be repaired or replaced regularly. However, since the dust detector is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate body, the disassembly process is complicated, affecting the maintenance efficiency.

[0103] The present application further proposes that the housing of the dust detector is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate body by screws.

[0104] Among them, the specific implementation method of the screw fixed connection includes presetting threaded holes on the top of the movable plate body, opening through holes at the corresponding positions of the housing of the dust detector, and fastening the housing to the movable plate body through matching screws. The lifting function of the movable plate body allows it to be in a convenient operation position after extending out of the storage box, further simplifying the disassembly process. For example, the diameter of the screw can be designed to be 4 mm to 6 mm, and the depth of the threaded hole is 5 mm to 8 mm to balance the connection strength and disassembly convenience.

[0105] Specifically, when the dust detector needs to be maintained, the operator can use tools to loosen the screws to separate the outer shell from the movable plate without removing other structural components. The movable plate remains stable during the lifting process, and the linkage design of its internal limit rod and connecting arm ensures the accuracy of the lifting trajectory and avoids uneven force on the screw connection due to displacement deviation. Through this fixing method, the maintenance or replacement time of the dust detector is significantly shortened, while avoiding frequent disassembly to interfere with the internal structure of the storage box, ensuring the long-term reliability of the air safety detection mechanism.

[0106] As a preferred embodiment, the solution of the present application is specifically implemented as follows: threaded holes are machined at the four corners of the outer shell of the dust detector, and a metal sleeve with internal threads is pre-buried at the corresponding position on the top of the movable plate body. Cross-recessed pan head screws pass through the threaded holes of the outer shell in turn to form a threaded connection with the metal sleeve, wherein the thread length of the screw is set to 1.2 times the depth of the metal sleeve. A rubber sealing ring is arranged between the bottom of the outer shell and the top surface of the movable plate body, and the sealing ring is compressed between the screw head and the surface of the outer shell to form a waterproof structure. When maintenance is required, use an electric screwdriver to unscrew the four screws in turn, and the outer shell can be removed as a whole for maintenance of the internal components.

[0107] Through the above technical solution, this application realizes the rapid disassembly and maintenance of the detection equipment. The screw connection method ensures the stable installation of the equipment while realizing reversible disassembly and assembly through standardized thread matching, which effectively solves the problem of dust accumulation caused by long-term exposure of the detection components. The setting of the sealing structure further isolates the external dust from invading the internal circuit of the detector, maintaining the stability of the detection accuracy during the equipment maintenance cycle. This design enables on-site maintenance personnel to complete equipment replacement without special tools, significantly improving the efficiency of equipment maintenance.

[0108] Parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by the prior art. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A safety hazard inspection system for highway engineering construction, characterized in that, Including: An intelligent patrol robot (1), an air safety detection mechanism (2) and a protection mechanism (3); The air safety detection mechanism (2) includes a storage box (20) fixedly installed on the intelligent patrol robot (1). A forward and reverse motor (21) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the storage box (20). The output shaft of the forward and reverse motor (21) extends into the interior of the storage box (20) and is fixedly connected to a bidirectional threaded rod (22). Movable blocks (23) are threadedly sleeved on two opposite threads of the bidirectional threaded rod (22). One side of the movable block (23) is rotatably connected to a connecting arm (24). One side of the connecting arm (24) is rotatably connected to a connecting block (25). The top of the connecting block (25) is fixedly connected to a movable plate body (26). The movable plate body (26) is movably connected inside the storage box (20). A dust detector (27) is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate body (26); The protection mechanism (3) includes a support base (34) fixedly connected to the storage box (20). An electric push rod (35) is fixedly installed on the top of the support base (34). The output end of the electric push rod (35) is fixedly connected to a rack (36). One side of the rack (36) is meshed with a driven gear (37). The other side of the rack (36) is movably connected to the support base (34). One side of the driven gear (37) is fixedly connected to a movable rod body (32). A dust-proof cover plate (33) is fixedly sleeved on the movable rod body (32).

2. The safety hazard detection system for highway engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the storage box (20) is uniformly and fixedly connected with limiting rod bodies (28). The limiting rod bodies (28) are slidably connected inside the movable plate body (26).

3. The safety hazard investigation system for highway engineering construction according to claim 1, wherein: An empty groove (39) is formed inside the dust-proof cover plate (33). A transparent acrylic plate is fixedly embedded inside the empty groove (39).

4. A safety hazard inspection system for highway engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connecting rod bodies (38) are uniformly and fixedly connected to the top of the support base (34). A limiting plate body (301) is movably sleeved on the connecting rod bodies (38). One side of the limiting plate body (301) is fixedly connected to the rack (36).

5. The safety hazard detection system for highway engineering construction according to claim 4, wherein: Blocks (29) are fixedly connected to the tops of the connecting rod bodies (38) and the limiting rod bodies (28).

6. The safety hazard detection system for highway engineering construction according to claim 2, wherein: The inner side wall of the storage box (20) is fixedly connected by screws with a storage battery (201) for supplying power to the forward and reverse motor (21), the dust detector (27) and the electric push rod (35).

7. A safety hazard detection system for highway engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the bidirectional threaded rod (22) far from the forward and reverse motor (21) is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the storage box (20) through a bearing.

8. A safety hazard inspection system for highway engineering construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: A bracket (31) and a support plate (30) are respectively fixedly connected to two sides of the storage box (20). The interior of the bracket (31) and the support plate (30) are both rotatably connected to the movable rod body (32) through bearings.

9. A method for detecting potential safety hazards in highway engineering construction, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step 1. The staff operates the intelligent patrol robot (1) to patrol at the highway engineering construction site, and the camera of the intelligent patrol robot (1) can take on-site photos of problems that are prone to safety hazards, such as the placement status of building materials, whether there are safety warning signs on the construction section, whether there are guardrails set in the construction area, and whether the construction operation area is in a mess, so that the staff can analyze the on-site video captured by the camera through the display to check the safety hazards at the construction site one by one; Step 2. Start the forward and reverse motor (21) to make the bidirectional threaded rod (22) rotate clockwise under the action of the forward and reverse motor (21), so that the two movable blocks (23) move closer to each other, and then the movable blocks (23) can drive the connecting arm (24) to rotate, and the rotated connecting arm (24) drives the movable plate body (26) to lift through the connecting block body (25), so that the dust detector (27) extends out of the storage box (20) under the action of the movable plate body (26) and detects the air dust content at the construction site; Step 3. After the dust detector (27) is used up, drive the bidirectional threaded rod (22) to rotate counterclockwise through the forward and reverse motor (21), so that the two movable blocks (23) move away from each other, and then the movable plate body (26) drives the dust detector (27) to enter the storage box (20) again; Step 4. Start the electric push rod (35) to make the electric push rod (35) drive the rack (36) to move downward, and then make the driven gear (37) rotate counterclockwise under the action of the rack (36), so that the movable rod body (32) drives the dust-proof cover plate (33) to rotate under the action of the driven gear (37), and the rotated dust-proof cover plate (33) fits on the top of the storage box (20) to prevent dust from entering the storage box (20) and affecting the dust detector (27).

10. A safety hazard investigation method for highway engineering construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: In Step 2, in order to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the dust detector (27), the outer shell of the dust detector (27) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate body (26) by screws.

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