Soil texture measuring instrument

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil measurement, in particular to a soil texture measuring instrument which comprises an instrument shell, a computer host, a touch screen, a near-infrared spectrometer, a fixing plate and a sample holder. An instruction on the computer host enables the two near-infrared spectrometers to measure light intensity data of the reference white board, record the light intensity data as a reference spectrum, and then measure the light intensity data of the soil sample in the sample groove; calculating to obtain the reflectivity and absorbance of the soil sample; absorbance information is uploaded to an external cloud server; and receiving a soil texture analysis result returned by the external cloud server. According to the invention, the absorbance information of the soil can be obtained by measuring the near infrared spectrum, the absorbance information is provided for the external cloud server, further analysis on the external cloud server is facilitated, and the returned soil texture analysis result can be received from the external cloud server.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil measurement, and particularly relates to a soil texture measuring instrument. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the most widely used method for classifying soil texture types is to analyze the percentage of different particle sizes in a soil sample by the hydrometer method and classify the soil texture type according to the particle size distribution. This method not only has a long detection time, cannot measure in-situ, but also destroys the sample and causes secondary pollution.

[0003] In recent years, in order to obtain soil texture information, some new methods have been developed, such as: gamma ray method, sieving analysis method, laser diffraction method, and scanning electron microscope method. Although these methods have high accuracy, they are costly, complex to operate and time-consuming, and also require expensive instruments with high precision. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil texture measuring instrument different from existing products. This instrument can obtain the absorbance information of the soil by measuring the near-infrared spectrum, provide the absorbance information to an external cloud server for further analysis on the external cloud server, and can receive the returned soil texture analysis results from the external cloud server.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a soil texture measuring instrument, characterized in that: it includes an instrument housing, a computer mainframe, a touch screen, a near-infrared spectrometer, a fixing plate, and a sample holder, wherein:

[0006] The instrument housing includes a left protective shell, a right protective shell, and a bottom shell;

[0007] The left and right sides of the touch screen are fixedly connected to the tops of the left protective shell and the right protective shell, and the main board of the computer mainframe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the touch screen by a bolt connection method;

[0008] Vertically arranged U-shaped grooves are fixedly provided in the middle of the inner sides of the left protective shell and the right protective shell, and the top of the U-shaped groove is lower than the main board; the left and right sides of the vertically arranged fixing plate are respectively clamped in the two U-shaped grooves; two near-infrared spectrometers are respectively fixedly connected to the front and back sides of the fixing plate by a bolt connection method;

[0009] The bottom shell is fixedly connected to the bottoms of the left protective shell and the right protective shell, and two lens holes respectively facing the lenses of the near-infrared spectrometers are opened on the bottom shell;

[0010] Two sample slots are opened on the sample holder, and the two sample slots respectively face the two lens holes;

[0011] The bottom of the instrument housing is removably placed on the sample rack;

[0012] The computer mainframe is electrically connected to the touch screen and the near-infrared spectrometer;

[0013] A processor, a memory, a wireless communication module, and a power module are installed on the motherboard of the computer mainframe. Among them, the memory has instructions stored thereon. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause:

[0014] Two near-infrared spectrometers measure the light intensity data of the reference whiteboard and record it as the reference spectrum, and then measure the light intensity data of the soil sample placed in the sample cell;

[0015] The processor calculates the reflectance and absorbance of the soil sample;

[0016] The absorbance information of the soil sample is uploaded to an external cloud server through the wireless communication module;

[0017] Receive the soil texture analysis result returned by the external cloud server through the wireless communication module;

[0018] The memory is also used to store the light intensity data of the whiteboard and the soil sample, the reflectance and absorbance of the soil sample, and the soil texture analysis result;

[0019] The wireless communication module is used to communicate with the external cloud server through the wireless network;

[0020] The power module is used to connect to an external power supply through a power interface and is used to distribute the power required by the processor, the memory, the wireless communication module, the touch screen, and the near-infrared spectrometer.

[0021] Furthermore, the specific structure of the touch screen fixedly connected to the tops of the left protective case and the right protective case is as follows:

[0022] At the front and rear ends of the upper part of the inner side surfaces of the left protective case and the right protective case, horizontal support parts are respectively and fixedly arranged. Four corners of the bottom surface of the touch screen are respectively fixedly connected with mounting posts provided with threaded holes; the mounting posts are placed on the support parts, and fixing bolts pass through the first through holes on the support parts and enter the threaded holes on the mounting posts to achieve bolt connection.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific structure of the bottom case fixedly connected to the bottoms of the left protective case and the right protective case is as follows:

[0024] On the left and right sides of the bottom case, first installation grooves are respectively opened. At the bottoms of the left protective case and the right protective case, first convex parts are respectively fixedly arranged, and the two first convex parts are respectively engaged in the two first installation grooves. The dimensions of the first installation grooves and the first convex parts are adapted so that the first convex parts can be clamped tightly.

[0025] Furthermore, the power interface of the power supply module is located at the right end of the main board, and a power hole corresponding to the power interface is provided on the right protective case. The power interface is a USB type-c interface.

[0026] Furthermore, the instrument housing is also provided with a back plate. Second mounting grooves are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the back plate. Second protruding portions are respectively and fixedly provided at the rear ends of the left protective case and the right protective case. The two second protruding portions are respectively engaged in the two second mounting grooves. The dimensions of the second mounting grooves and the second protruding portions are adapted so that the second protruding portions can be tightly clamped.

[0027] Furthermore, the specific reflectance and absorbance of the soil sample calculated by the processor are as follows:

[0028] Reflectance of soil sample = light intensity of soil sample / light intensity of reference white board;

[0029] Absorbance of soil sample = -log 10 Reflectance of soil sample.

[0030] Furthermore, the working bands of the two near-infrared spectrometers are 900 - 1700 nm and 1350 - 2150 nm respectively, and the light intensity data of the soil sample in the bands of 900 - 1700 nm and 1350 - 2150 nm are respectively measured.

[0031] Furthermore, before uploading the absorbance information of the soil sample to the external cloud server, the instruction also enables: performing spectral fusion processing on the data of the two bands of 900 - 1700 nm and 1350 - 2150 nm.

[0032] Furthermore, the wireless communication module is a WiFi module.

[0033] Furthermore, the computer host and the touch screen are electrically connected through a USB interface and a Micro HDMI interface. The USB interface is used to transmit the interaction information initiated by the touch screen, that is, the information and instructions input by the user, to the computer host, and is also used to supply power from the computer host to the touch screen. The Micro HDMI interface is used to transmit the display signal output by the computer host to the touch screen.

[0034] Furthermore, the computer host and the near-infrared spectrometer are electrically connected through a uart interface, which is used for the near-infrared spectrometer to receive the instructions issued by the computer host and feedback the measured light intensity data to the computer host, and is also used to supply power from the computer host to the near-infrared spectrometer.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] The testing process does not require the intervention of professionals and is easy to operate; it does not require the use of chemical reagents, is green and environmentally friendly; it innovatively uses the method of measuring near-infrared spectra to obtain the particle size distribution information of the soil, rather than the chemical method or physical screening method; it can quickly test and obtain the absorbance information of the soil without damaging the soil sample, and can provide the absorbance information to an external cloud server in a timely manner for further analysis on the external cloud server, and can receive the returned soil texture analysis results from the external cloud server; the computer host and the near-infrared spectrometer are integrated, the device is portable and convenient for simplified operation in laboratory and on-site environments; it does not require the use of high-precision and expensive instruments, and the cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional assembly structure of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure after the assembly of the embodiment of the present invention is completed;

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the embodiment of the present invention (when used in cooperation with an external cloud server);

[0040] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the working process of the embodiment of the present invention for analysis in cooperation with an external cloud server. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0041] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Figures 1 to 4 show a specific embodiment of the soil texture measuring instrument of the present invention, which includes an instrument housing 1, a computer host 2, a touch screen 3, a near-infrared spectrometer 4, a fixing plate 5, and a sample holder 6, wherein:

[0043] The instrument housing 1 includes a left protective shell 101, a right protective shell 102, a bottom shell 103, and a back plate 106;

[0044] The left and right sides of the touch screen 3 are fixedly connected to the tops of the left protective shell 101 and the right protective shell 102, and the screen of the touch screen 3 faces upward. The specific structure is as follows: at the front and rear ends of the upper inner sides of the left protective shell 101 and the right protective shell 102, horizontal support parts 104 are integrally formed and fixedly provided. Four corners of the bottom surface of the touch screen 3 are respectively fixedly connected with mounting posts 301 provided with threaded holes; the mounting posts 301 are placed on the support parts 104, and fixing bolts pass through the first through holes 104a on the support parts 104 and enter the threaded holes on the mounting posts 301 to achieve bolt connection;

[0045] The main board 201 of the computer host 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the touch screen 3 by means of bolt connection;

[0046] Vertically arranged U-shaped grooves 105 are integrally formed and fixedly arranged in the middle of the inner sides of the left protective case 101 and the right protective case 102. The top of the U-shaped groove 105 is lower than the main board 201. The left and right sides of the vertically arranged fixing plate 5 are respectively clamped in the two U-shaped grooves 105. Two near-infrared spectrometers 4 are respectively fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the fixing plate 5 by means of bolt connection;

[0047] The bottom case 103 is fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the left protective case 101 and the right protective case 102. The specific structure is as follows: first mounting grooves 103b are respectively formed on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the bottom case 103. First protruding parts 104 are integrally formed and fixedly arranged at the bottom ends of the left protective case 101 and the right protective case 102. The two first protruding parts 104 are respectively clamped in the two first mounting grooves 103b. The dimensions of the first mounting groove 103b and the first protruding part 104 are adapted so that the first protruding part 104 can be clamped tightly;

[0048] Second mounting grooves 106a are respectively formed on the left and right sides of the back plate 106. Second protruding parts 107 are integrally formed and fixedly arranged at the rear ends of the left protective case 101 and the right protective case 102. The two second protruding parts 107 are respectively clamped in the two second mounting grooves 106a. The dimensions of the second mounting groove 106a and the second protruding part 107 are adapted so that the second protruding part 107 can be clamped tightly;

[0049] Two lens holes 103a are formed on the bottom case 103, which are respectively opposite to the lenses of the near-infrared spectrometers 4;

[0050] Two sample slots 6a are formed on the sample holder 6, and the two sample slots 6a are respectively opposite to the two lens holes 103a;

[0051] The bottom of the instrument housing 1 is detachably placed on the sample holder 6;

[0052] The computer host 2 and the touch screen 3 are electrically connected through a USB interface and a Micro HDMI interface. The USB interface is used to transmit the interaction information initiated by the touch screen 3, that is, the information and instructions input by the user, to the computer host 2, and is also used to supply power from the computer host 2 to the touch screen 3. The Micro HDMI interface is used to transmit the display signal output by the computer host 2 to the touch screen 3. The computer host 2 and the near-infrared spectrometer 4 are electrically connected through a uart interface. It is used for the near-infrared spectrometer 4 to receive the instructions issued by the computer host 2 and feedback the measured light intensity data to the computer host 2, and is also used to supply power from the computer host 2 to the near-infrared spectrometer 4;

[0053] On the motherboard 201 of the computer host 2, a processor, a memory, a wireless communication module, and a power module are installed. Among them, the memory has instructions stored thereon. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause:

[0054] Two near-infrared spectrometers 4 measure the light intensity data of the reference whiteboard and record it as the reference spectrum, and then measure the light intensity data of the soil sample installed in the sample cell 6a;

[0055] The processor calculates the reflectance and absorbance of the soil sample, specifically:

[0056] Reflectance of soil sample = Light intensity of soil sample / Light intensity of reference whiteboard;

[0057] Absorbance of soil sample = -log 10 Reflectance of soil sample;

[0058] The absorbance information of the soil sample is uploaded to an external cloud server through the wireless communication module;

[0059] Receive the soil texture analysis result returned by the external cloud server through the wireless communication module;

[0060] The memory is also used to store the light intensity data of the whiteboard and the soil sample, the reflectance and absorbance of the soil sample, and the soil texture analysis result;

[0061] The wireless communication module is used to communicate with the external cloud server through a wireless network. The wireless communication module is a WiFi module;

[0062] The power module is used to connect to an external power supply through a power interface and is used to distribute the power required by the processor, the memory, the wireless communication module, the touch screen 3, and the near-infrared spectrometers 4;

[0063] The power interface of the power module is located at the right end of the motherboard 201. A power hole 102a facing the power interface is opened on the right protective case 102. The power interface is a USB type-c interface.

[0064] In this embodiment, the computer host 2 uses a Raspberry Pi 4b. The two near-infrared spectrometers 4 respectively use the NIR-R2 and NIR-R11 spectrometers of Shenzhen PYNECT Company. Their working bands are 900 - 1700nm and 1350 - 2150nm respectively, and they measure the light intensity data of the soil sample in the 900 - 1700nm and 1350 - 2150nm bands respectively. The program instructions on the computer host 2 are developed using python 3.9, including program modules such as instrument initialization, user interface, one-key spectral data acquisition and data upload, and data reception.

[0065] In some other embodiments, before uploading the absorbance information of the soil sample to an external cloud server, the computer host 2 also needs to perform spectral fusion processing on the data in two bands of 900 - 1700 nm and 1350 - 2150 nm.

[0066] The usage method of the embodiments of the present invention is as follows:

[0067] After being powered on, the soil texture measuring instrument will automatically perform an initialization operation and boot the interface program. After the instrument starts, it is necessary to first operate the instrument to measure the light intensity data of a reference white board and record it as the reference light intensity, otherwise other functions will be locked. After placing the soil sample in the two sample slots 6a of the sample rack 6, an instruction is sent by clicking "Start Measurement" on the touch screen 3. After receiving the instruction, the computer host 2 will control two near-infrared spectrometers 4 to complete the acquisition of the sample light intensity data through a series of actions, and then obtain the absorbance information of the soil sample through calculation (in some other embodiments, the data of the two near-infrared spectrometers 4 is also fused based on spectral fusion technology). Subsequently, the computer host 2 uploads the above soil absorbance information to an external cloud server for further analysis on the external cloud server to obtain the soil texture analysis result. The computer host 2 can also receive the soil texture analysis result returned by the external cloud server after model prediction. The computer host 2 then displays all the information on the touch screen 3 and waits for the user's next operation. The user can implement other functions such as data storage, re-measurement, and viewing historical data through interaction with the interface. The model prediction of the external cloud server can be an existing technology or a separately developed model prediction scheme. The model prediction scheme of the external cloud server is not within the scope of the invention to be protected in this application.

[0068] The above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for explaining the present invention, rather than limitations on the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes and modifications can be made based on the above description. It is impossible to list all the implementation manners here. Any obvious changes or modifications derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil texture measuring instrument, characterized in that: It includes an instrument housing (1), a computer mainframe (2), a touch screen (3), a near-infrared spectrometer (4), a fixing plate (5), and a sample holder (6), where: The instrument housing (1) includes a left protective housing (101), a right protective housing (102), and a bottom shell (103); The left and right sides of the touch screen (3) are fixedly connected to the tops of the left protective housing (101) and the right protective housing (102), and the main board (201) of the computer mainframe (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the touch screen (3) by means of bolt connection; Vertically arranged U-shaped grooves (105) are fixedly provided in the middle of the inner sides of the left protective housing (101) and the right protective housing (102), and the top of the U-shaped groove (105) is lower than the main board (201); the left and right sides of the vertically arranged fixing plate (5) are respectively clamped in the two U-shaped grooves (105); two near-infrared spectrometers (4) are respectively fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the fixing plate (5) by means of bolt connection; The bottom shell (103) is fixedly connected to the bottoms of the left protective housing (101) and the right protective housing (102), and two lens holes (103a) respectively facing the lenses of the near-infrared spectrometers (4) are provided on the bottom shell (103); Two sample grooves (6a) are provided on the sample holder (6), and the two sample grooves (6a) respectively face the two lens holes (103a); The bottom of the instrument housing (1) is detachably placed on the sample holder (6); The computer mainframe (2) is electrically connected to the touch screen (3) and the near-infrared spectrometer (4); A processor, a memory, a wireless communication module, and a power module are installed on the main board (201) of the computer mainframe (2). Among them, the memory has instructions stored thereon. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause: Two near-infrared spectrometers (4) measure the light intensity data of a reference whiteboard and record it as a reference spectrum, and then measure the light intensity data of the soil sample placed in the sample groove (6a); The processor calculates the reflectivity and absorbance of the soil sample; The absorbance information of the soil sample is uploaded to an external cloud server through the wireless communication module; Receive the soil texture analysis result returned by the external cloud server through the wireless communication module; The memory is also used to store the light intensity data of the whiteboard and the soil sample, the reflectivity and absorbance of the soil sample, and the soil texture analysis result; The wireless communication module is used to communicate with the external cloud server through a wireless network; The power module is used to connect to an external power supply through a power interface and is used to distribute the power required by the processor, the memory, the wireless communication module, the touch screen (3), and the near-infrared spectrometer (4).

2. The soil texture measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific structure of the fixed connection between the touch screen (3) and the tops of the left protective housing (101) and the right protective housing (102) is: At the front and rear ends of the upper part of the inner side surfaces of the left protective case (101) and the right protective case (102), horizontal support parts (104) are respectively and fixedly arranged. At the four corners of the bottom surface of the touch screen (3), mounting posts (301) provided with threaded holes are respectively and fixedly connected; the mounting posts (301) are placed on the support parts (104), and fixing bolts pass through the first through holes (104a) on the support parts (104) and enter the threaded holes on the mounting posts (301) to achieve bolt connection.

3. The soil texture measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific structure of the bottom case (103) fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the left protective case (101) and the right protective case (102) is as follows: On the left and right sides of the bottom case (103), first installation grooves (103b) are respectively opened. At the bottom ends of the left protective case (101) and the right protective case (102), first protrusion parts (104) are respectively and fixedly arranged, and the two first protrusion parts (104) are respectively engaged in the two first installation grooves (103b).

4. The soil texture measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power interface of the power module is located at the right end of the main board (201). A power hole (102a) facing the power interface is opened on the right protective case (102), and the power interface is a USB type-c interface.

5. A soil texture measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The instrument housing (1) is further provided with a back plate (106). On the left and right sides of the back plate (106), second installation grooves (106a) are respectively opened. At the rear ends of the left protective case (101) and the right protective case (102), second protrusion parts (107) are respectively and fixedly arranged, and the two second protrusion parts (107) are respectively engaged in the two second installation grooves (106a).

6. The soil texture measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein: The specific values of the reflectivity and absorbance of the soil sample calculated by the processor are as follows: Reflectivity of the soil sample = light intensity of the soil sample / light intensity of the reference white board; Absorbance of soil sample = -log 10 Reflectance of soil sample.

7. The soil texture measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein: The working bands of the two near-infrared spectrometers (4) are 900 - 1700 nm and 1350 - 2150 nm respectively.

8. A soil texture measuring instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that: Before uploading the absorbance information of the soil sample to an external cloud server, the instruction further causes: spectral fusion processing of data in two bands of 900 - 1700 nm and 1350 - 2150 nm.

9. The soil texture measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless communication module is a WiFi module.

10. A soil texture measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The computer host (2) and the touch screen (3) are electrically connected through a USB interface and a Micro HDMI interface.

11. A soil texture measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The computer host (2) and the near-infrared spectrometer (4) are electrically connected through a uart interface.

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