Input / output system interface card and dynamic configuration method of an aviation simulation aircraft

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of system interface card, and particularly relates to an input and output system interface card of an aviation simulation aircraft and a dynamic configuration method, and aims to solve the problems of insufficient expansion capacity and dependence on imported key devices in the prior art. The application comprises: a power conversion unit for converting external input into multi-path isolated DC voltage output and controlling power distribution; a programmable logic control unit integrated with a processor kernel and connected with a program / data / device information storage; a multifunctional signal processing unit containing a high-frequency digital logic interface, a digital power output driver, a high-resistance programmable analog input and a low-resistance driving analog output module; a communication and topology unit for realizing dynamic networking and identity recognition of the card through serial bus communication based on a single-wire topology protocol. The application realizes adaptive processing of multiple signal types, improves the expansion capacity, realizes independent research and development, and reduces dependence on imports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of system interface cards, and in particular relates to an input and output system interface card of an aviation simulation aircraft and a dynamic configuration method. Background Art

[0002] In aviation simulator systems, general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interfaces are the core hardware for data exchange between the simulation computer and flight simulation components. These interfaces must simultaneously handle multiple signal processing tasks, including high-frequency discrete logic signal acquisition, high-current load driving, wide-range analog conversion, and high-isolation control.

[0003] The following technical bottlenecks currently exist in the field of domestic aviation simulation equipment:

[0004] Functional Singularity: Mainstream interface solutions often employ discrete designs, with digital signal processing, power drive, and analog conversion functions implemented on separate boards. This architecture results in low system integration, making deployment difficult in space-constrained scenarios like cockpit panels. Furthermore, the coordination of multiple boards introduces additional communication latency.

[0005] Insufficient scalability: Traditional interface cards lack dynamic reconfiguration capabilities and have fixed signal path types. When the simulated aircraft is upgraded (for example, by adding new sensors or actuators), the hardware must be redesigned, significantly increasing R&D cycles and maintenance costs.

[0006] Dependence on imports of key components: High-end interface core components (such as programmable gate array chips and high-voltage isolation driver modules) have long relied on European and American suppliers. Recent international technological blockades have led to unstable component supply and shortages of spare parts, severely hampering the reliability and continued operation of domestically produced flight simulation equipment.

[0007] Based on this, the present invention proposes an input and output system interface card and a dynamic configuration method for an aviation simulation aircraft. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an input and output system interface card for an aviation simulator, comprising:

[0009] a power conversion unit configured to convert an external input voltage into multiple isolated DC voltage outputs and control power distribution;

[0010] Programmable logic control unit, integrating processor core, connecting program memory, data exchange memory and device information memory;

[0011] Multifunctional signal processing unit, including multiple modules:

[0012] A digital logic interface unit module, used to process logic level signals higher than a preset discrete signal frequency;

[0013] Digital power output module, used to drive load devices that require current amplification control;

[0014] Programmable range analog input module with sampling channels with higher than standard input impedance;

[0015] Configurable analog output module with current output capability to drive low impedance loads;

[0016] The communication and topology management unit is configured to communicate with the main control device through a serial bus and realize dynamic networking and identity recognition between boards based on a single-line topology protocol.

[0017] Furthermore, the power conversion unit includes an online monitoring subunit, which includes an analog-to-digital converter and a serial communication interface. The programmable logic control unit is connected to the analog-to-digital converter through the serial communication interface to collect the output voltage data of each channel of the power conversion unit in real time.

[0018] Furthermore, the analog-to-digital converter in the online monitoring subunit is configured as follows:

[0019] Synchronously sampling at least three voltages of different levels output by the power conversion unit to obtain sampling data;

[0020] The sampled data is packaged and transmitted to the programmable logic control unit via the serial communication interface.

[0021] Furthermore, the multifunctional signal processing unit further includes a mixed signal expansion subunit, and the mixed signal expansion subunit includes:

[0022] Isolated power output module for driving high-voltage loads;

[0023] Power sensing input module, used to detect the power supply status of the loaded equipment;

[0024] Reconfigurable signal combination module, used to support dynamic configuration of multiple signal type interfaces.

[0025] Furthermore, the mixed signal expansion subunit adopts a layered physical architecture and a logical binding mechanism, specifically including:

[0026] The first type of extended interface group is configured with multiple basic signal processing units to realize high-speed digital logic interface and power drive function;

[0027] The second type of extended interface group is configured with multiple mixed signal extension subunits, providing isolated power output and power sensing functions;

[0028] The units of the first type extension interface group and the second type extension interface group establish a dynamic routing relationship through the single-line topology protocol to form a distributed signal network.

[0029] Furthermore, the programmable logic control unit is configured as follows:

[0030] Parse the voltage data packet transmitted by the analog-to-digital converter, and when a voltage anomaly is detected, trigger an overvoltage protection instruction or undervoltage protection instruction to the power conversion unit.

[0031] Furthermore, the serial communication interface is a synchronous half-duplex serial bus, which includes:

[0032] Clock signal line, driven by the programmable logic control unit;

[0033] Data signal line to achieve bidirectional data transmission.

[0034] Furthermore, the power conversion unit is connected to the main power supply through a multi-pin connector to generate a composite power output including positive and negative dual-channel operational voltage, multi-level DC voltage and isolated drive voltage, and monitors the status of each power supply in real time through an analog-to-digital converter controlled by a programmable logic control unit.

[0035] Furthermore, the multifunctional universal input and output system interface card is applied to a flight simulator signal interaction system for:

[0036] Establish an adaptive signal channel between the simulation computer and the flight components;

[0037] Enable dynamic power management of cockpit equipment;

[0038] Generate device control signals with adjustable density in different areas.

[0039] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for dynamically configuring an input / output system interface card for an aviation simulator. The method comprises: configuring an input / output system interface card for an aviation simulator by reconfiguring port function combinations in real time through a programmable logic control unit (PLC) and selecting an operating mode based on the interactive requirements of a flight simulation panel; the operating modes include:

[0040] In the first working mode, basic signal processing functions are activated to process digital logic signals, digital power drive signals, and conventional analog input and output signals;

[0041] The second operating mode activates enhanced signal processing to support isolated high-voltage drivers, power state awareness, and scalable mixed-signal interfaces;

[0042] Based on the predefined cascade topology communication protocol, dynamic identity recognition and resource allocation are performed on multiple cascade interface cards to establish a distributed signal routing network across the boards.

[0043] The digital logic signal is bound to the interface card running the first working mode, and the isolated power signal is bound to the interface card running the second working mode.

[0044] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0045] (1) By integrating multifunctional signal processing modules such as digital logic interface, power drive, and analog input / output into a single board, the system integration is significantly improved. This overcomes the space occupation problem of traditional discrete boards and meets the deployment requirements of compact scenarios such as cockpit panels. It eliminates the data transfer link when multiple boards are coordinated, and enables direct signal processing within the interface card, improving real-time performance.

[0046] (2) Through the programmable logic control unit and configurable signal channels, it supports online switching of signal types (digital / analog / power) and function redefinition. This allows for flight simulator upgrades (such as adding new sensors / actuators) without the need for hardware redesign. Hardware reuse significantly reduces the development workload during device iterations, lowering maintenance costs and the risk of downtime.

[0047] (3) Optimize circuit design and topology management protocols to be compatible with domestic programmable logic chips and isolation driver modules. Reduce dependence on high-end components from Europe and the United States and improve supply chain security.

[0048] (4) The digital logic interface supports the acquisition of high-frequency discrete signals, and the analog input module provides a wide range of programmable sampling capabilities to meet the complex signal requirements of aviation simulation. The digital logic interface supports the acquisition of high-frequency discrete signals, and the analog input module provides a wide range of programmable sampling capabilities to meet the complex signal requirements of aviation simulation. The digital logic interface supports the acquisition of high-frequency discrete signals, and the analog input module provides a wide range of programmable sampling capabilities to meet the complex signal requirements of aviation simulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0050] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a power conversion unit in an input / output system interface card of an aviation simulator of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an online monitoring subunit in an input and output system interface card of an aviation simulator of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of a programmable logic control unit in an input and output system interface card of an aviation simulator of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a programmable logic control unit controlling GPIO in an input / output system interface card of an aviation simulator of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the communication between the input and output system interface card of an aviation simulator and a computer according to the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the cascade relationship between a plurality of input and output system interface cards of an aviation simulator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the relevant invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only portions relevant to the relevant invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0057] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0058] A first embodiment of the present invention provides an input / output system interface card for an aviation simulator, comprising:

[0059] a power conversion unit configured to convert an external input voltage into multiple isolated DC voltage outputs and control power distribution;

[0060] Programmable logic control unit, integrating processor core, connecting program memory, data exchange memory and device information memory;

[0061] Multifunctional signal processing unit, including multiple modules:

[0062] A digital logic interface unit module, used to process logic level signals higher than a preset discrete signal frequency;

[0063] Digital power output module, used to drive load devices that require current amplification control;

[0064] Programmable range analog input module with sampling channels with higher than standard input impedance;

[0065] Configurable analog output module with current output capability to drive low impedance loads;

[0066] The communication and topology management unit is configured to communicate with the main control device through a serial bus and realize dynamic networking and identity recognition between boards based on a single-line topology protocol.

[0067] In order to more clearly describe the input and output system interface card of an aviation simulator of the present invention, Figure 1 Each unit in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail as follows:

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, a power conversion unit is configured to convert an external input voltage into a multi-channel isolated DC voltage output and control power distribution;

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, the power conversion unit includes an online monitoring subunit, which includes an analog-to-digital converter and a serial communication interface. The programmable logic control unit is connected to the analog-to-digital converter through the serial communication interface to collect the output voltage data of each channel of the power conversion unit in real time.

[0070] The serial communication interface is a synchronous half-duplex serial bus, which includes:

[0071] Clock signal line, driven by the programmable logic control unit;

[0072] Data signal line to achieve bidirectional data transmission.

[0073] The analog-to-digital converter in the online monitoring subunit is configured as follows:

[0074] Synchronously sampling at least three voltages of different levels output by the power conversion unit to obtain sampling data;

[0075] The sampled data is packaged and transmitted to the programmable logic control unit via the serial communication interface.

[0076] The power conversion unit is connected to the main power supply through a multi-pin connector, generates a composite power output including positive and negative dual-channel operational voltage, multi-level DC voltage and isolated drive voltage, and monitors the status of each power supply in real time through an analog-to-digital converter controlled by a programmable logic control unit.

[0077] Specifically, in this embodiment, an external +28V aviation power supply is connected via a DB15 interface, and a multi-stage DC-DC conversion circuit is used to generate an isolated composite power supply:

[0078] Operation voltage: ±15V (for analog circuit);

[0079] Logic voltage: +3.3V / +2.5V / +1.2V (for FPGA core);

[0080] Driving voltage: +28VIO (dedicated to power output module);

[0081] Power supply monitoring is controlled by FPGA:

[0082] Use an AD sampling chip with an I²C interface, preferably ADC121C027;

[0083] Real-time acquisition of nine voltage channels, including +15V / -15V / +5V / +12V, and transmission of data packets to the FPGA via the SDA (data line) and SCL (clock line) of I²C.

[0084] See also Figure 3 , a programmable logic control unit, integrating a processor core, connecting program memory, data exchange memory and device information memory;

[0085] The programmable logic control unit is configured as follows:

[0086] Parse the voltage data packet transmitted by the analog-to-digital converter, and when a voltage anomaly is detected, trigger an overvoltage protection instruction or undervoltage protection instruction to the power conversion unit.

[0087] The core of the programmable logic control unit in this embodiment adopts Xilinx XC3S1600E FPGA, which has a built-in CPU core;

[0088] The connection program memory uses SPI Flash to store FPGA configuration files;

[0089] The data exchange memory uses 512KB SRAM for high-speed data cache;

[0090] The device information memory uses I²C EEPROM to save the board ID and calibration parameters.

[0091] The workflow is as follows: upon power-up, the bitstream is loaded from the Flash to configure the logic function, the address / data / control buses are used to interact with the IO unit, and the board identity information is read from the EEPROM for topology management.

[0092] Multifunctional signal processing unit, including multiple modules:

[0093] A digital logic interface unit module, used to process logic level signals higher than a preset discrete signal frequency;

[0094] Digital power output module, used to drive load devices that require current amplification control;

[0095] Programmable range analog input module with sampling channels with higher than standard input impedance;

[0096] Configurable analog output module with current output capability to drive low impedance loads.

[0097] Specifically, see Figure 4 , digital logic interface unit (DIOL), used to process ≥1MHz high-speed discrete signals, which is compatible with CMOS / TTL levels and realizes 20 bidirectional IO channels.

[0098] Digital power output module (DOPS), used to drive high current loads (such as relays / indicators), with a maximum output of 50V / 500mA and a switching frequency of ≥10kHz;

[0099] The digital power output module adopts a MOSFET driving circuit.

[0100] The programmable analog input module (AIP) has an input range of 0-10V, an impedance input of 1M, and a frequency response of a DC 2Khz signal. The channel is selected by a multiplexer and the programmable gain amplifier (PGA) is used to adapt the sensor range.

[0101] The configurable analog output module (AOP) has an output range of ±10V, a drive capability of 20mA, and a bandwidth of DC to 1kHz;

[0102] In this embodiment, the impedance range of the driven low-impedance load is between 500Ω and 10kΩ.

[0103] The circuit structure of the configurable analog output module includes:

[0104] An operational amplifier is used to construct a voltage follower, and a current enhancement circuit is added to the output stage.

[0105] In this embodiment, the multifunctional signal processing unit further includes a mixed signal expansion subunit, and the mixed signal expansion subunit includes:

[0106] An isolated power output module (DOPI) is used to drive a high-voltage load. In this embodiment, it is preferably an optocoupler, i.e., an Opto-Isolator, which supports +250V / 120mA high-voltage output, such as driving an avionics valve.

[0107] The power sensing input module (DIP) is used to detect the power supply status of the loaded device; it is used to detect the 28VIO power supply status and trigger overcurrent protection through the comparator.

[0108] Reconfigurable signal combination module to support dynamic configuration of multiple signal type interfaces:

[0109] Dynamically configure signal paths through FPGA, for example, redefine the AIP channel as DIOL; and implement multi-function display control through GPIOs.

[0110] The mixed signal expansion subunit adopts a layered physical architecture and a logical binding mechanism, specifically including:

[0111] The first type of extended interface group is configured with multiple basic signal processing units to realize high-speed digital logic interface and power drive function;

[0112] The second type of extended interface group is configured with multiple mixed signal extension subunits, providing isolated power output and power sensing functions;

[0113] The units of the first type extension interface group and the second type extension interface group establish a dynamic routing relationship through the single-line topology protocol to form a distributed signal network.

[0114] The first type of expansion interface group includes the upper-level sockets on the board, configured as GPIO and GPIOS function card slots, supporting up to eight system cards. This interface group implements high-speed digital logic interfaces and power drive functions through a basic signal processing unit. The GPIO card provides 20 DIOL channels, where high speed refers to processing CMOS / TTL-level discrete signals with frequencies exceeding 1MHz (such as instrument panel switch status). The GPIOS card provides 16 DOPV power output channels (for driving loads such as 28V indicator lights) and 10 AIP analog input channels (for collecting 0-10V sensor signals). Signal response latency is controlled to the hundreds of microseconds to meet the real-time requirements of flight simulation. All channels are directly controlled by the FPGA, and the physical layout adopts a high-density pinout to adapt to the high-frequency signal interaction requirements of core cockpit equipment.

[0115] The second type of expansion interface group includes a socket on the bottom of the board, which is dedicated to the GPIOM mixed-signal expansion subunit and supports up to three expansion cards. This interface group provides isolated power output and power sensing functions: each GPIOM card integrates two DOPI isolated high-voltage output channels (driving loads such as 250V / 120mA hydraulic valves through optocoupler isolation) and 16 DIOP power sensing input channels (real-time monitoring of the load status and abnormal fluctuations of the 28VIO power supply). The expansion card adopts an electromagnetic shielding design to suppress noise interference generated by the high-voltage load, and is equipped with an overcurrent protection comparator. When the power supply offset exceeds the limit, it immediately triggers the FPGA protection mechanism to ensure signal integrity in high-noise environments.

[0116] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 , dynamic routing of distributed signal networks is achieved by:

[0117] Two types of interface groups build a distributed signal network using the single-wire topology protocol (1-Wire). During initialization, the main FPGA sends device enumeration commands, and each expansion card responds with a 64-bit unique ID stored in EEPROM (e.g., 36FFD90552172F46). This creates a topology mapping table containing 11 nodes (8 base cards + 3 expansion cards). During operation, DIOL signals from the first type of interface group are dynamically bound to DOPI control commands from the second type of interface group. For example, a rudder panel switch signal (processed by the GPIO card) is directly routed to a servo drive command (output by the GPIOM card), forming an adaptive signal path across physical boards. This network supports preconfigured signal paths based on flight panel requirements and continuously synchronizes the status of each node via the 1-Wire bus, enabling the coordinated management of high- and low-frequency signals within a physically isolated architecture.

[0118] The communication and topology management unit is configured to communicate with the main control device through a serial bus and realize dynamic networking and identity recognition between boards based on a single-line topology protocol.

[0119] The communication and topology management unit establishes a communication link with the host computer via an RS232 serial port with a DB9 connector, using a 115200bps baud rate, 8 data bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit (8N1) frame format to transmit control commands. The physical layer connection complies with the TIA / EIA-232-F standard, with pin 2 (TXD) transmitting data to the computer's RXD terminal and pin 3 (RXD) receiving commands from the computer's TXD terminal (corresponding to the "TX RS_RX" and "RX RS_TX" signal definitions).

[0120] The single-line topology protocol is used to implement dynamic networking and identity recognition between boards, specifically including:

[0121] The single-line topology protocol is used to implement dynamic networking and identity recognition between boards, specifically including:

[0122] The main control board sends a device enumeration instruction via the single-line topology protocol;

[0123] Each expansion board responds to identity identification through a unique identification code pre-stored in the device information memory, and establishes a topology mapping table including board type and resource allocation;

[0124] Dynamically bind signal channels to target boards based on flight panel requirements:

[0125] High-frequency digital logic signals are routed to the basic signal processing unit board of the first type of expansion interface group;

[0126] The isolated power output signal is routed to the mixed signal expansion subunit board of the second type expansion interface group;

[0127] Based on the topology mapping table, a distributed signal network is formed between the multiple basic signal processing unit boards configured in the first type extension interface group and the multiple mixed signal extension sub-unit boards configured in the second type extension interface group.

[0128] Specifically, the main FPGA sends device enumeration instructions through the open-drain output DQ bus, and each expansion card responds to the identity recognition request through the 64-bit laser ROM ID (such as 28-0000041AB0EE) pre-burned in the EEPROM; after successful identification, a topology mapping table is established, and resources such as 16-channel +28V offset signals and 10-channel AIP analog acquisition channels are dynamically bound to the corresponding boards according to the requirements of the flight panel. For example, the DIOL switch signal of the rudder panel is routed to the GPIO card for processing, while the DOPI isolation drive instruction of the hydraulic valve is assigned to the GPIOM card for execution, ultimately forming a distributed signal management network supporting 11 nodes (8 GPIO / GPIOS basic cards + 3 GPIOM expansion cards).

[0129] The multifunctional universal input / output system interface card in this embodiment is applied to a flight simulator signal interaction system, and is used for:

[0130] Establish an adaptive signal channel between the simulation computer and the flight components;

[0131] Enable dynamic power management of cockpit equipment;

[0132] Generate device control signals with adjustable density in different areas.

[0133] It should be noted that the above embodiment provides an input and output system interface card for an aviation simulator, and only illustrates the division of the above functional units. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units as needed, that is, the units or steps in the embodiments of the present invention can be further decomposed or combined. For example, the units in the above embodiment can be combined into one unit, or further divided into multiple sub-units to complete all or part of the functions described above. The names of the units and steps involved in the embodiments of the present invention are merely for distinguishing the various modules or steps and are not to be regarded as improper limitations on the present invention.

[0134] A second embodiment of the present invention provides a method for dynamically configuring an input / output system interface card for an aviation simulator. Based on the input / output system interface card for an aviation simulator according to the first embodiment, the programmable logic control unit (PLC) reconfigures the port function combination in real time and selects an operating mode based on the interactive requirements of the flight simulation panel. The operating modes include:

[0135] In the first working mode, basic signal processing functions are activated to process digital logic signals, digital power drive signals, and conventional analog input and output signals;

[0136] The second operating mode activates enhanced signal processing to support isolated high-voltage drivers, power state awareness, and scalable mixed-signal interfaces;

[0137] Based on a predefined cascade topology communication protocol, dynamic identity recognition and resource allocation are performed on multiple cascade interface cards to establish a distributed signal routing network across boards. Digital logic signals are bound to interface cards running in the first working mode, and isolated power signals are bound to interface cards running in the second working mode.

[0138] Basic function mode (GPIO / GPIOs mode)

[0139] A standardized functional mode configured through the sockets on the interface card, dedicated to basic signal processing for flight simulation panels. This mode supports common digital / analog interfaces:

[0140] Signal types: Includes digital logic input and output (DIOL, compatible with CMOS / TTL levels above 1MHz), digital power output (DOPS, supports switch control above 10kHz), analog input port (AIP, 0-10V / 1MΩ impedance / DC-2kHz) and analog output port (AOP, ±10V / 20mA drive / DC-1kHz).

[0141] Physical configuration: The interface is defined by the DB15 socket on the top of the board. The board provides 20 DIOL, 20 DOPS, 4 AIP and 2 AOP channels.

[0142] System expansion: supports up to 8 GPIO / GPIOs boards cascaded for cockpit basic equipment control (such as button status reading, indicator light driving, instrument analog output).

[0143] Enhanced function mode (GPIOM mode)

[0144] The extended functional mode configured through the socket under the interface card supports high-voltage isolation and mixed-signal co-processing:

[0145] Signal types: Includes isolated high-voltage output (DOPI, +250V / 120mA), power-sensing input (DIP, 28V power supply status detection), digital power output (DOPV, 28V offset control) and reusable digital input / output / power interface (DIOP).

[0146] Physical configuration: The interface is defined by the expansion socket at the bottom of the board. The board provides 16 DOPV, 10 AIP+10V expansion inputs, and 2 DOPI high-voltage output channels.

[0147] System expansion: Supports up to three GPIOM boards cascaded for complex load driving (such as ignition simulation coils and hydraulic solenoid valve control) and multi-board topology management (identifying devices through the 1-Wire protocol).

[0148] Mode switching and coordination mechanism

[0149] The programmable logic control unit (FPGA) dynamically reconfigures the functional combination according to the flight panel requirements:

[0150] Basic mode: activates the GPIO / GPIOs signal stack and processes regular discrete / analog signals.

[0151] Enhanced mode: Enables the GPIOM signal stack to expand high-voltage isolation, power monitoring, and mixed-signal interfaces.

[0152] Cascade management: Multi-board identification and coordination are achieved through the 1-Wire communication protocol. For example, in the A600 flight simulator, the GPIOM module manages signal routing and power monitoring for the cascaded boards while the Ethernet switch distributes data to high- and low-density areas.

[0153] In this embodiment, the programmable logic control unit executes the following coordinated control logic:

[0154] Dynamic power distribution control: When the second operating mode is activated, the power conversion unit is instructed to increase the output power of the isolated drive voltage, and the online monitoring subunit collects the fluctuation data of the isolated drive voltage in real time; if the fluctuation exceeds a preset threshold, the isolated power output module in the mixed signal expansion subunit is triggered to enter the current limiting protection state;

[0155] Signal routing binding: Based on the card identity information identified by the communication and topology management unit, dynamically bind the sensor data collected by the programmable range analog input module to the card with the power sensing input module in the second type of extended interface group to associate the load status with the sensor signal;

[0156] Channel multiplexing and reconstruction: In the reconfigurable signal combination module, the same physical interface is dynamically reconstructed between the digital logic interface unit and the configurable analog output module according to the switching instruction of the first working mode or the second working mode, and the power supply type of the corresponding port is synchronously switched by the power conversion unit.

[0157] This embodiment achieves closed-loop management of power output and load status through real-time interaction between the power conversion unit's online monitoring subunit and the mixed-signal expansion subunit. When the isolated drive voltage fluctuates beyond a specified limit, current limiting protection is immediately triggered. This addresses the issue of actuator damage caused by power anomalies in traditional solutions and improves the reliability of high-voltage load driving (e.g., in avionics valve control scenarios).

[0158] This embodiment leverages the card identity information identified by the communication and topology management unit to dynamically associate sensor data (collected by the programmable range analog input module) with load status (detected by the power-sensing input module), eliminating signal transmission delays when multiple devices are working together. For example, rudder sensor data is directly connected to the servo driver card, improving response speed.

[0159] The collaborative control logic also includes a fault interlocking mechanism:

[0160] When the online monitoring subunit detects that the driving voltage of the digital power output module is abnormal, the current output of the configurable analog output module is forcibly cut off;

[0161] When the power sensing input module detects a load short circuit, it broadcasts an overcurrent alarm to the cascaded boards via the single-line topology protocol, triggering a power protection instruction across the boards.

[0162] In this embodiment, when the voltage of the digital power output module is abnormal, the current of the analog output module is forcibly cut off to prevent the fault from spreading to sensitive analog circuits. When a load short circuit is detected, an alarm is broadcast through the single-line topology protocol to achieve cross-board protection response, eliminating the risk of local faults in the cascade system causing global paralysis.

[0163] Automatically isolate abnormal boards in fault conditions, and redistribute signal routing via the topology management unit to ensure the continued operation of other functional units, thus meeting the high availability requirements of the aviation simulation system.

[0164] The dynamic identity recognition and resource allocation specifically include:

[0165] The communication and topology management unit of the main control board sends a topology discovery instruction, and the cascade board responds through the 64-bit unique ID pre-stored in the device information memory;

[0166] According to the device type code in the response ID, the board with the mixed signal extension subunit is automatically registered as a second type extension interface group node;

[0167] High-frequency digital signal processing tasks are allocated to the first-type extended interface group nodes, and isolated power channel resources are reserved for the second-type extended interface group nodes.

[0168] This embodiment, based on 64-bit device type encoding, automatically assigns high-frequency digital signals (such as discrete logic signals >1MHz) to the first-class interface group boards and binds isolated power signals (such as 250V high-voltage drivers) to the second-class interface group boards. This solves the problem of idle resources on fixed-function boards and further improves hardware utilization. Furthermore, new boards automatically register and obtain pre-configured resources through the topology discovery protocol, allowing them to integrate into the distributed signal network without manual configuration, adapting to the rapid upgrade requirements of flight simulators.

[0169] The terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe or indicate a particular order or sequence.

[0170] The term "comprise" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0171] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An input and output system interface card for an aviation simulator, characterized in that: include: a power conversion unit configured to convert an external input voltage into multiple isolated DC voltage outputs and control power distribution; Programmable logic control unit, integrating processor core, connecting program memory, data exchange memory and device information memory; A communication and topology management unit configured to communicate with the master control device via a serial bus and implement dynamic networking and identity recognition between boards based on a single-line topology protocol; Multifunctional signal processing unit, including multiple modules and mixed-signal expansion subunits: Multiple modules include: A digital logic interface unit module, used to process logic level signals higher than a preset discrete signal frequency; Digital power output module, used to drive load devices that require current amplification control; Programmable range analog input module with sampling channels with higher than standard input impedance; Configurable analog output module with current output capability to drive low impedance loads; The mixed-signal expansion subunit includes: Isolated power output module for driving high-voltage loads; Power sensing input module, used to detect the power supply status of the loaded equipment; Reconfigurable signal combination module to support dynamic configuration of multiple signal type interfaces; The programmable logic control unit reconfigures the port function combination in real time and selects an operating mode according to the interactive requirements of the flight simulation panel; the operating modes include: In the first working mode, basic signal processing functions are activated to process digital logic signals, digital power drive signals, and conventional analog input and output signals; The second operating mode activates enhanced signal processing to support isolated high-voltage drivers, power state awareness, and scalable mixed-signal interfaces; Based on the predefined cascade topology communication protocol, dynamic identity recognition and resource allocation are performed on multiple cascade interface cards to establish a distributed signal routing network across the boards. Wherein, the digital logic signal is bound to the interface card running the first working mode, and the isolated power signal is bound to the interface card running the second working mode; When the second working mode is activated, the power conversion unit is instructed to increase the output power of the isolated driving voltage and to collect fluctuation data of the isolated driving voltage in real time; if the fluctuation exceeds a preset threshold, the isolated power output module in the mixed signal expansion subunit is triggered to enter a current limiting protection state; Dynamically binding the sensor data collected by the programmable range analog input module to the board with the power sensing input module in the second type of expansion interface group based on the board identity information identified by the communication and topology management unit to associate the load status with the sensor signal; In the reconfigurable signal combination module, the same physical interface is dynamically reconfigured between the digital logic interface unit and the configurable analog output module according to the switching instruction of the first working mode or the second working mode, and the power supply type of the corresponding port is synchronously switched by the power conversion unit.

2. The input and output system interface card of an aviation simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power conversion unit includes an online monitoring subunit, which includes an analog-to-digital converter and a serial communication interface. The programmable logic control unit is connected to the analog-to-digital converter via the serial communication interface to collect the output voltage data of each channel of the power conversion unit in real time.

3. The input and output system interface card of an aviation simulator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The analog-to-digital converter in the online monitoring subunit is configured as follows: Synchronously sampling at least three voltages of different levels output by the power conversion unit to obtain sampling data; The sampled data is packaged and transmitted to the programmable logic control unit via the serial communication interface.

4. The input and output system interface card of an aviation simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed signal expansion subunit adopts a layered physical architecture and a logical binding mechanism, specifically including: The first type of extended interface group is configured with multiple basic signal processing units to realize high-speed digital logic interface and power drive function; The second type of extended interface group is configured with multiple mixed signal extension subunits, providing isolated power output and power sensing functions; The units of the first type extension interface group and the second type extension interface group establish a dynamic routing relationship through the single-line topology protocol to form a distributed signal network.

5. The input and output system interface card of an aviation simulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The programmable logic control unit is configured as follows: Parse the voltage data packet transmitted by the analog-to-digital converter, and when a voltage anomaly is detected, trigger an overvoltage protection instruction or undervoltage protection instruction to the power conversion unit.

6. The input and output system interface card of an aviation simulator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The serial communication interface is a synchronous half-duplex serial bus, which includes: Clock signal line, driven by the programmable logic control unit; Data signal line to achieve bidirectional data transmission.

7. The input and output system interface card of an aviation simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power conversion unit is connected to the main power supply through a multi-pin connector, generates a composite power output including positive and negative dual-channel operational voltage, multi-level DC voltage and isolated drive voltage, and monitors the status of each power supply in real time through an analog-to-digital converter controlled by a programmable logic control unit.

8. The input and output system interface card of an aviation simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input and output system interface card is applied to the flight simulator signal interaction system and is used for: Establish an adaptive signal channel between the simulation computer and the flight components; Enable dynamic power management of cockpit equipment; Generate device control signals with adjustable density in different areas.

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