Control circuit, battery system, power utilization device, energy storage device and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a control circuit, a battery system, a power utilization device, an energy storage device and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The control circuit comprises a main positive relay, a main negative relay, a first solid-state relay and a control module, and the main positive relay is connected with the positive electrode of the battery and used for controlling input and output of the positive electrode of the battery; the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay are connected in series and then connected with the cathode of the battery to control the input and output of the cathode of the battery; the control module is configured to respond to a power-on instruction and control the main positive relay, the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be conducted; the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay and the main positive relay are controlled to be switched off in response to the power-off instruction, the first solid-state relay is switched off earlier than the main negative relay, and the main negative relay is switched off earlier than the main positive relay. The control circuit provided by the invention is beneficial to improving the power-off safety and reliability of the main loop where the battery is located.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a control circuit, a battery system, an electrical device, an energy storage device, and a control method. Background Art

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are the keys to the sustainable development of society. Rechargeable batteries have the characteristics of storing energy or releasing energy according to needs, and thus are widely used in various electrical devices or energy storage systems, and are an important part of promoting energy transformation and sustainable development. For the new energy industry, battery technology is also an important factor related to its development.

[0003] The battery can connect electrical energy to the drive system or the charging circuit through a relay. When powering off is required, the main relay is disconnected to cut off the high-voltage power transmission. After power-on, the current in the main circuit where the battery is located is usually large. In this way, when powering off, the relay is prone to arc and adhesion faults under large current, thus affecting the safety and reliability of power-off. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the background art. To this end, an object of the present application is to provide a control circuit, a battery system, an electrical device, an energy storage device, and a control method to improve the safety and reliability of power-off of the main circuit where the battery is located.

[0005] An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a control circuit, which includes: a main positive relay, a main negative relay, a first solid-state relay, and a control module. The main positive relay is connected to the positive electrode of the battery and is used to control the input and output of the positive electrode of the battery; the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay are connected in series and then connected to the negative electrode of the battery to control the input and output of the negative electrode of the battery; the control module is configured to: in response to a power-on instruction, control the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay to be all turned on; in response to a power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to be turned off, wherein the first solid-state relay is turned off before the main negative relay, and the main negative relay is turned off before the main positive relay.

[0006] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the input and output of the battery are jointly controlled by the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay. Since the first solid-state relay is an electronic switch without mechanical contacts, the risk of adhesion when the first solid-state relay is disconnected under large current is small. Therefore, in response to the power-off instruction, the control module first controls the first solid-state relay to disconnect, so that the current flowing through the main negative relay connected in series with the first solid-state relay becomes zero, and then the main negative relay is disconnected, which can avoid the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay to a certain extent. In addition, since the first solid-state relay and the main negative relay are connected in series and then connected to the negative electrode of the battery, after power-on, the main negative relay can perform a certain degree of voltage division on the high voltage, thereby reducing the voltage borne by both ends of the first solid-state relay. In this way, when the first solid-state relay is disconnected, the voltage borne by both ends of it will not be too large, which can reduce the risk of the first solid-state relay being broken down due to excessive voltage borne by both ends at the moment of disconnection, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-off as a whole.

[0007] In some embodiments, the control module is further configured to: in response to the power-on instruction, control the main negative relay to conduct before the first solid-state relay. Closing the main negative relay first can avoid the problem of the large inrush current generated instantaneously during power-on from impacting and damaging the first solid-state relay to a certain extent, and thus may improve the safety and reliability of power-on.

[0008] In some embodiments, the control module is configured to: in response to the power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to be disconnected one by one in sequence. Thus, first disconnecting the first solid-state relay makes the current flowing through the main negative relay connected in series with the first solid-state relay zero, and then disconnecting the main negative relay can avoid the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay to a certain extent. Finally, disconnecting the main positive relay isolates the load from the negative electrode of the battery first, which can reduce the risk of the reverse voltage impact on the electrical equipment caused by the back electromotive force or residual charge generated by other components in the main circuit during the process of disconnecting the main positive relay, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0009] In some embodiments, the control circuit further includes: a second solid-state relay, which is connected in parallel with the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay after being connected in series; the control module is further configured to: in response to a power-on command, control the second solid-state relay to be disconnected during the period when the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay are all turned on; in response to a power-off command, control the first solid-state relay to be disconnected, control the second solid-state relay to be turned on at the same time, and disconnect the second solid-state relay after the main negative relay is disconnected. In this way, at the moment when the first solid-state relay is disconnected, the second solid-state relay bears the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay, thereby further reducing the risk that the first solid-state relay is broken down due to excessive voltage across its two ends when it is disconnected. After the first solid-state relay is disconnected and the second solid-state relay is turned on, the voltage flowing through the main negative relay is zero. At this time, disconnecting the main negative relay can reduce the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay.

[0010] In some embodiments, the voltage withstand capacity of the second solid-state relay is greater than that of the first solid-state relay, and the conduction capacity of the first solid-state relay is greater than that of the second solid-state relay. Thereby, the first solid-state relay allows a larger current to pass through the main circuit, and the voltage withstand capacity of the second solid-state relay is greater than that of the first solid-state relay. In this way, when the first solid-state relay is disconnected, the second solid-state relay is turned on, so that the second solid-state relay has sufficient voltage withstand capacity to bear the high voltage for the first solid-state relay, making the second solid-state relay itself not easily broken down, and thus not affecting the safety and reliability of the main circuit during power-off.

[0011] In some embodiments, a load capacitor is further connected across the battery, and the control module is further configured to: in response to a power-on command, control the main positive relay to be turned on to perform pre-charging for the load capacitor, and control the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be turned on after the pre-charging is completed; wherein, performing pre-charging for the load capacitor includes: the control module controls the main positive relay to be turned on, and controls the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be disconnected; the control module controls the second solid-state relay to be disconnected or turned on based on a preset PWM signal to perform pre-charging for the load capacitor when the second solid-state relay is turned on. Thereby, a pre-charge circuit can be omitted, reducing the cost, and the control module only needs to control the second solid-state relay to be alternately turned on and off to achieve pre-charging, which can simplify the control method.

[0012] In some embodiments, the control module includes: a control unit, a first driving unit, a second driving unit, and a third driving unit. The control unit is configured to: in response to a power-on instruction or a power-off instruction, generate signals indicating the on / off states of the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay respectively; the first driving unit is configured to drive the on / off of the first solid-state relay according to the signal indicating the on / off state of the first solid-state relay generated by the control unit; the second driving unit is configured to drive the on / off of the main negative relay according to the signal indicating the on / off state of the main negative relay generated by the control unit; the third driving unit is configured to drive the on / off of the main positive relay according to the signal indicating the on / off state of the main positive relay generated by the control unit. Thus, by driving the on / off of the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay respectively through different driving units, the reliability of controlling the on / off of the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay can be improved, and further the reliability of power-on and power-off can be improved.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first driving unit includes a first high-side driving switch circuit and a first push-pull driving circuit. The first high-side driving switch circuit is connected to the control unit and is configured to: adjust the signal indicating the on / off state of the first solid-state relay generated by the control unit and then output a corresponding level signal; the input end of the first push-pull driving circuit is connected to the first high-side driving switch circuit, and the output end is connected to the first solid-state relay. The first push-pull driving circuit is configured to: based on the level signal output by the first high-side driving switch circuit, drive the on / off of the first solid-state relay. By jointly driving the on / off of the first solid-state relay through the first high-side driving switch circuit and the first push-pull driving circuit, the driving efficiency and the driving reliability of the first solid-state relay can be improved.

[0014] In some embodiments, the power-off instruction includes an overcurrent signal, and the control circuit further includes: a first detection unit communicatively connected to the control unit. The first detection unit is configured to detect the current flowing through the battery and, in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generate an overcurrent signal and send it to the control unit; the control unit is configured to, in response to the overcurrent signal, sequentially generate signals indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay. Through the first detection unit, the control unit can power off in time when an overcurrent occurs in the main circuit where the battery is located, improving the safety of battery charging and discharging.

[0015] In some embodiments, when the battery is used to power a vehicle, the power-off instruction includes any one of a collision signal and a thermal runaway signal, and the control circuit further includes a second detection unit and a third detection unit. The second detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit. The second detection unit is configured to detect whether a vehicle collision occurs, and in response to a vehicle collision, generate a collision signal and send it to the control unit; the third detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit. The third detection unit is configured to detect whether a vehicle thermal runaway occurs, and in response to a vehicle thermal runaway, generate a thermal runaway signal and send it to the control unit; the control unit is configured to: in response to any one of the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal, sequentially generate signals indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay. Through the second detection unit and the third detection unit, the control unit can power off in a timely manner when a vehicle collision or thermal runaway occurs, improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0016] In some embodiments, the control circuit further includes: a second solid-state relay. When the second solid-state relay is connected in parallel with both ends of the series-connected main negative relay and the first solid-state relay, the control unit is further configured to: in response to a power-on instruction or a power-off instruction, generate a signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay; the control module further includes: a fourth driving unit, configured to drive the on / off of the second solid-state relay according to the signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay generated by the control unit. Thereby, the reliability of driving the second solid-state relay can be improved, and further, when the first solid-state relay is disconnected, the second solid-state relay can effectively withstand the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay, so that the risk of the first solid-state relay being broken down due to excessive voltage across its two ends during disconnection can be further reduced.

[0017] In some embodiments, the fourth driving unit includes a second high-side driving switch circuit and a second push-pull driving circuit. The second high-side driving switch circuit is connected to the control unit and is configured to: adjust the signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay generated by the control unit and then output a corresponding level signal; the input end of the second push-pull driving circuit is connected to the second high-side driving switch circuit, and the output end is connected to the second solid-state relay. The second push-pull driving circuit is configured to: based on the level signal output by the second high-side driving switch circuit, drive the on / off of the second solid-state relay. By jointly driving the on / off of the second solid-state relay through the second high-side driving switch circuit and the second push-pull driving circuit, the driving efficiency and reliability of the second solid-state relay can be improved.

[0018] In some embodiments, the power-down instruction includes an overcurrent signal, and the control circuit further includes: a first detection unit communicatively connected to the control unit. The first detection unit is configured to detect the current flowing through the battery, and in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generate an overcurrent signal and send it to the control unit. The control unit is configured to: in response to the overcurrent signal, sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation; wherein, the first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay is turned off and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay is turned on; the second operation includes: sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay, the second solid-state relay, and the main positive relay are turned off. Through the first detection unit, the control unit can power down in a timely manner when an overcurrent occurs in the main circuit where the battery is located, improving the safety of battery charging and discharging.

[0019] In some embodiments, when the battery is used to supply power to a vehicle, the power-down instruction includes any one of a collision signal and a thermal runaway signal, and the control circuit further includes: a second detection unit and a third detection unit. The second detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit. The second detection unit is configured to detect whether the vehicle has collided, and in response to the vehicle having collided, generate a collision signal and send it to the control unit; the third detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit. The third detection unit is configured to detect whether the vehicle has a thermal runaway, and in response to the vehicle having a thermal runaway, generate a thermal runaway signal and send it to the control unit. The control unit is configured to: in response to any one of the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal, sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation; wherein, the first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay is turned off and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay is turned on; the second operation includes: sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay, the second solid-state relay, and the main positive relay are turned off. Through the second detection unit and the third detection unit, the control unit can power down in a timely manner when the vehicle collides or has a thermal runaway, improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0020] In some embodiments, a load capacitor is further connected across the battery. The control module is further configured to, in response to pre-charging the load capacitor, the control unit is further configured to: output a preset PWM signal to a fourth driving unit; the fourth driving unit is further configured to drive the second solid-state relay to turn off or on according to the PWM signal. By implementing pre-charging of the load capacitor through the control unit and the fourth driving unit, the pre-charging method and the circuit can be simplified.

[0021] An embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a battery system, including the control circuit in the above embodiment.

[0022] An embodiment of the third aspect of the present application provides an electrical device, which includes the battery system in the above embodiment, and the battery system supplies power to the electrical device.

[0023] An embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present application provides an energy storage device, where the energy storage device includes the battery system in the above embodiment, and the battery system is used to store electrical energy.

[0024] An embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present application provides a control method for controlling a battery. The positive electrode of the battery is connected to the main positive relay, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the series-connected main negative relay and the first solid-state relay. The method includes: in response to a power-on command, controlling the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay to be turned on; in response to a power-off command, controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to be turned off, where the first solid-state relay is turned off before the main negative relay, and the main negative relay is turned off before the main positive relay. Thus, first controlling the first solid-state relay to be turned off enables the current flowing through the main negative relay connected in series with the first solid-state relay to be zero, and then turning off the main negative relay can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem of the main negative relay sticking. Moreover, the main negative relay is also controlled to be turned off before the main positive relay, so that the disconnection operation of the main positive relay with the largest arc energy is postponed until the voltage of the main circuit where the battery is located decreases, thereby reducing the risk of the main positive relay generating arcs and sticking.

[0025] In some embodiments, in response to a power-on command, controlling the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay to be turned on includes: controlling the main negative relay to be turned on before the first solid-state relay. Thus, closing the main negative relay first can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem of the large inrush current generated instantaneously during power-on from impacting and damaging the first solid-state relay, thereby potentially improving the safety and reliability of power-on.

[0026] In some embodiments, in response to a power-off command, controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to be turned off includes: controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to be turned off one by one in sequence. Thus, first turning off the first solid-state relay enables the current flowing through the main negative relay connected in series with the first solid-state relay to be zero, and then turning off the main negative relay can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem of the main negative relay sticking. Finally, turning off the main positive relay isolates the load from the negative electrode of the battery first, which can reduce the risk of the back electromotive force or residual charge generated by other components in the main circuit causing a reverse voltage impact on electrical equipment during the process of turning off the main positive relay, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0027] In some embodiments, a second solid-state relay is further connected in parallel across the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay after being connected in series. The method further includes: in response to a power-on instruction, during the period when the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay are all turned on, controlling the second solid-state relay to be turned off; in response to a power-off instruction, controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to be turned off, including: sequentially performing Step 1 and Step 2, where Step 1 includes: simultaneously controlling the first solid-state relay to be turned off and the second solid-state relay to be turned on; Step 2 includes: controlling the main negative relay, the second solid-state relay, and the main positive relay to be turned off in sequence. Thus, at the moment when the first solid-state relay is turned off, the second solid-state relay bears the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay, thereby further reducing the risk that the first solid-state relay is broken down due to excessive voltage across its two ends when it is turned off. After the first solid-state relay is turned off and the second solid-state relay is turned on, the voltage across the main negative relay is zero. At this time, turning off the main negative relay can reduce the problem of the main negative relay sticking.

[0028] In some embodiments, a load capacitor is further connected across the two ends of the battery, and when a second solid-state relay is further connected in parallel across the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay after being connected in series, the method further includes: in response to a power-on instruction, controlling the main positive relay to be turned on to perform pre-charging for the load capacitor, and after the pre-charging is completed, controlling the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be turned on; performing pre-charging for the load capacitor includes: controlling the main positive relay to be turned on, and controlling the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be turned off; controlling the second solid-state relay to be turned off or on based on a preset PWM signal to perform pre-charging for the load capacitor when the second solid-state relay is turned on. Thus, a pre-charge circuit can be omitted, the cost can be reduced, and the control module only needs to control the second solid-state relay to be turned on and off alternately to achieve pre-charging, which can simplify the control method.

[0029] In some embodiments, a power-off instruction is generated when the current flowing through the battery is greater than a preset value. Thus, power-off can be performed in time when an overcurrent occurs in the main circuit where the battery is located, improving the safety of battery charging and discharging.

[0030] In some embodiments, the battery is used to supply power to a vehicle. A power-off instruction is generated when the vehicle collides or when a thermal runaway of the vehicle occurs. Thus, power-off is performed in time when the vehicle collides or experiences a thermal runaway, improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0031] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present application are hereinafter specifically exemplified. Description of the Drawings

[0032] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the several views denote the same or similar components or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application.

[0033] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 One of the schematic diagrams of the structure of a control circuit according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of the structure of a control circuit according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 Still another schematic diagram of the structure of a control circuit according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 Yet another schematic diagram of the structure of a control circuit according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 Another schematic diagram of the structure of a control circuit according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 7 Another schematic diagram of the structure of a control circuit according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 Another schematic diagram of the structure of a control circuit according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 9 Another schematic diagram of the structure of a control circuit according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 10 One of the schematic diagrams of the flow of a control method according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 11 Another schematic diagram of the flow of a control method according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 12 Another schematic diagram of the flow of a control method according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals: Vehicle 1000, first branch 1031, second branch 1032, control unit 1041, current sensor 1061, acquisition chip 1062; Battery 100, main positive relay 101, main negative relay 102, first solid-state relay 103, control module 104, second solid-state relay 105, first detection unit 106; Controller 200; Motor 300; The first driving unit 11, the first high-side driving switch circuit 11a, the first push-pull driving circuit 11b, the second driving unit 12, the third driving unit 13, the fourth driving unit 14, the second high-side driving switch circuit 14a, the second push-pull driving circuit 14b; The load capacitor C1, the first electrolytic capacitor C2, the second electrolytic capacitor C3, the isolated power supply ISO Power, the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1, the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2, the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3, the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4, the ground GND, the external driving power supply VKL_30C. Specific implementation manners

[0035] Hereinafter, embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and thus are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above accompanying drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity, specific order or primary-secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0038] Referring to "embodiments" herein means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase appears in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally means that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "a plurality" means two or more (including two). Similarly, "a plurality of groups" means two or more groups (including two groups), and "a plurality of pieces" means two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, for technical terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0043] The battery can connect electrical energy to the drive system or the charging circuit through a relay. When powering off is required, the main relay is disconnected to cut off the high-voltage power transmission. After power-on, the current in the main circuit where the battery is located is usually large. Thus, when powering off, the relay is prone to arc and adhesion faults under high current, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0044] Exemplarily, in a whole vehicle, the main circuit where the power battery is located can be powered on through a relay, and the high-voltage electrical energy of the power battery is connected to the main energy transmission path of the vehicle, enabling the drive system or the charging system to enter the working state. Through the relay, the high-voltage electrical energy of the power battery is cut off from the main circuit, causing the drive system and the charging system of the vehicle to stop working.

[0045] Due to the large current in the main circuit, when the relay is disconnected under high current, the current between the contacts of the relay is suddenly cut off, generating a strong arc. The arc will cause the metal on the contact surface to quickly melt and vaporize, and some metal vapor will form a conductive bridge between the contacts under the action of the arc. When the arc extinguishes, these metal bridges may cool and solidify, resulting in contact adhesion. In the case of relay adhesion, the relay may not be able to be completely disconnected, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0046] Based on the above considerations, a control circuit is designed to jointly control the input and output of the battery through a main positive relay, a main negative relay, and a first solid-state relay. Among them, the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay are connected in series to the negative electrode of the battery. Since the first solid-state relay is an electronic switch without mechanical contacts, the risk of adhesion when the first solid-state relay is disconnected under high current is small. Therefore, in response to the power-off instruction, the control module first controls the first solid-state relay to disconnect, so that the current flowing through the main negative relay connected in series with the first solid-state relay becomes zero, and then the main negative relay is disconnected, which can avoid the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay to a certain extent. The control module also controls the main negative relay to disconnect before the main positive relay. In this way, the disconnection operation of the main positive relay with the largest arc energy is postponed until the voltage of the main circuit where the battery is located decreases, thereby reducing the risk of the main positive relay generating arcs and adhesion.

[0047] Moreover, since the first solid-state relay and the main negative relay are connected in series to the negative electrode of the battery, after power-on, the main negative relay can perform a certain degree of voltage division on the high voltage, thereby reducing the voltage borne by both ends of the first solid-state relay. In this way, when the first solid-state relay is disconnected, the voltage borne by both ends of it will not be too large, which can reduce the risk of the first solid-state relay being broken down due to the excessive voltage borne by both ends at the moment of disconnection, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-off as a whole.

[0048] The control circuit disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be but is not limited to being used in a battery system, and the battery system can be but is not limited to being used in power-consuming devices or energy storage devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. A power supply system that includes the battery system disclosed in the present application can be used to form the power-consuming device or the energy storage device.

[0049] The embodiments of the present application provide a power-consuming device that uses a battery system as a power source. The power-consuming device can be but is not limited to mobile phones, tablets, laptop computers, electric toys, power tools, battery cars, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, and the like. Among them, the electric toys can include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric vehicle toys, electric ship toys, and electric aircraft toys, etc., and the spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spaceships, etc.

[0050] The embodiments of the present application also provide an energy storage device that uses a battery system as a power source. The energy storage device can be but is not limited to energy storage containers, energy storage cabinets, energy storage power stations, energy storage battery packs, or portable energy storage systems, etc.

[0051] For the convenience of description in the following embodiments, a power-consuming device of an embodiment of the present application is taken as an example of a vehicle 1000 for description.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 ,Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 can be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 can be used to supply power to the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery 100 can serve as the operating power source of the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300. For example, it is used for the working power requirements during the start, navigation, and driving of the vehicle 1000.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 can not only serve as the operating power source of the vehicle 1000, but also serve as the driving power source of the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 , some embodiments of the present application provide a control circuit. The control circuit includes: a main positive relay 101, a main negative relay 102, a first solid-state relay 103, and a control module 104. The main positive relay 101 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery and is used to control the input and output of the positive electrode of the battery. The main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 are connected in series and then connected to the negative electrode of the battery to control the input and output of the negative electrode of the battery. The control module 104 is configured to: in response to a power-on instruction, control the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 to be all turned on; in response to a power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to be turned off, wherein the first solid-state relay 103 is turned off prior to the main negative relay 102, and the main negative relay 102 is turned off prior to the main positive relay 101.

[0055] In response to a power-on instruction, the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 are turned on, and then the main circuit where the battery is located is powered on. In response to a power-off instruction, the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 are turned off, and the main circuit where the battery is located is powered off. The main circuit referred to here means the electrical energy transmission path that carries current. The battery serves as the power source in the main circuit. A load can be connected to the main circuit. When the main circuit is powered on, the battery can supply power to the load. When the main circuit is powered off, the power supply from the battery to the load is cut off.

[0056] In some embodiments, the control module 104 receives a power-on instruction and performs self-checks on the battery state, electrical connections, its own hardware functions, etc. After the self-check passes, it pre-charges the load capacitor C1 connected across the battery. After completing the pre-charging, it powers on the main circuit where the battery is located.

[0057] In some embodiments, a pre-charge circuit is also connected to the positive electrode of the battery. The pre-charge circuit includes a pre-charge relay and a pre-charge resistor connected in parallel. When pre-charging the load capacitor C1, the control module 104 can first control the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 to conduct, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect, and pre-charge the load capacitor C1 by closing the pre-charge relay. After the pre-charging is completed, the pre-charge circuit is disconnected, and the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are kept in the conducting state. The control module 104 only needs to control the main positive relay 101 to conduct, so that the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 are all conducting, and the main circuit where the battery is located is powered on.

[0058] In some other embodiments, the pre-charge circuit may not be provided at the positive electrode of the battery. When pre-charging the load capacitor C1, the control module 104 can control the main positive relay 101 to conduct, and the control module 104 controls the main circuit to alternately be in the conducting and disconnecting states based on a preset PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal, and pre-charges the load capacitor C1 when the main circuit is conducting. Exemplarily, the control module 104 controls the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 to disconnect or conduct based on the preset PWM signal, so as to pre-charge the load capacitor C1 when the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are conducting. It can be understood that the PWM signal is a technology that transmits information by controlling the duty cycle of the pulse signal. In other words, a complete pulse in the PWM signal can include a high level and a low level. Exemplarily, when the high level is output, the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 conduct, and when the low level is output, the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 disconnect, that is, the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are both in the state of alternating conduction and disconnection. The duty cycle of the PWM signal can include but is not limited to 50%. After the pre-charging is completed, the control module 104 stops executing the control of disconnecting or conducting the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 based on the preset PWM signal. While keeping the main positive relay conducting, it controls the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 to continuously conduct, so that the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 are all conducting, and the main circuit where the battery is located is powered on.

[0059] In some embodiments, when the battery is used to supply power to a vehicle, the control module 104 may be a Battery Management System (BMS). After receiving the power-on command, the BMS performs self-checks on the battery status, electrical connections, its own hardware functions, etc. After passing the self-check, the BMS cooperates with the vehicle controller to perform pre-charging on the load capacitor C1 connected across the battery.

[0060] The power-off command may include commands issued when the power-off operating conditions are met. The power-off operating conditions may include, but are not limited to: overcurrent of the battery, collision or thermal runaway of the electrical device where the battery is located, etc. The power-off command may also be actively issued by the user.

[0061] The main positive relay 101 and the main negative relay 102 may be electromagnetic relays. An electromagnetic relay is a device that controls the circuit switch using electromagnetic effects. When current passes through the coil, a magnetic field is generated to attract the iron core, thereby closing or opening the contacts. Under high current, when the electromagnetic relay is disconnected, the current between the contacts of the electromagnetic relay is suddenly cut off, generating a strong electric arc. The electric arc can rapidly melt and vaporize the metal on the contact surface, and some metal vapor will form a conductive bridge between the contacts under the action of the electric arc. When the electric arc goes out, these metal bridges may cool and solidify, resulting in contact adhesion. In the case of contact adhesion of the electromagnetic relay, it may cause the electromagnetic relay to not fully disconnect, thus affecting the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0062] The first solid-state relay 103 realizes the on-off control of the main circuit through semiconductor devices, without the physical contact of mechanical contacts.

[0063] In some embodiments, the control module 104 may control the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect according to a preset timing and event-driven mechanism, so that the first solid-state relay 103 disconnects before the main negative relay 102, and the main negative relay 102 disconnects before the main positive relay 101. Exemplarily, a timer may be built into the control module 104, and the timing is set based on the periodic trigger of the timer. The event-driven mechanism means that when various events that meet the power-off operating conditions occur, the control module 104 is driven to control the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect according to the preset timing. The method of setting the preset timing and event-driven mechanism in the control module 104 is a conventional method well-known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0064] In the above technical solution, since the first solid-state relay 103 is an electronic switch without mechanical contacts, the risk of adhesion when the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected under high current is small. Therefore, in response to the power-down command, the control module 104 first controls the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect, so that the current flowing through the main negative relay 102 in series with the first solid-state relay 103 becomes zero, and then the main negative relay 102 is disconnected, which can avoid the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay 102 to a certain extent. The control module 104 also controls the main negative relay 102 to disconnect before the main positive relay 101. In this way, the disconnection operation of the main positive relay 101 with the largest arc energy is postponed until the voltage of the main circuit where the battery is located decreases, thereby reducing the risk of arc generation and adhesion of the main positive relay 101.

[0065] Moreover, since the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are connected in series to the negative pole of the battery, after power-on, the main negative relay 102 can perform a certain degree of voltage division on the high voltage, thereby reducing the voltage borne by both ends of the first solid-state relay 103. In this way, the voltage borne by both ends of the first solid-state relay 103 when it is disconnected is not too large, which can reduce the risk of the first solid-state relay 103 being broken down due to the excessive voltage borne by both ends at the moment of disconnection, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-down as a whole.

[0066] According to some embodiments of the present application, the control module 104 is further configured to: in response to the power-on command, control the main negative relay 102 to conduct before the first solid-state relay 103.

[0067] Exemplarily, in the case where there is no pre-charge circuit at the positive pole of the battery, when pre-charging the load capacitor C1, the control module 104 has controlled the main positive relay 101 to conduct. The control module 104 controls the main circuit to alternately be in a conducting and a disconnected state based on a preset PWM signal, and pre-charges the load capacitor C1 when the main circuit is conducting. At the end of pre-charging, the main positive relay 101 is in a conducting state, and the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are in a disconnected state, that is, the main circuit has not been powered on at this time. After pre-charging is completed and the power-on condition is met, the control module 104 only needs to control the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to conduct, and then the main positive relay 101, the first solid-state relay 103, and the main negative relay 102 can all be in a conducting state. Among them, the control module 104 controls the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to conduct in sequence.

[0068] In some embodiments, the control module 104 can detect whether the pre-charging is completed. When it detects that the pre-charging is completed, it controls the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to conduct in sequence according to a pre-set timing sequence and event-driven mechanism. The control module 104 can be a BMS. The method by which the BMS detects whether the pre-charging is completed is a conventional method well-known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated herein.

[0069] In some other embodiments, when there is no need to perform pre-charging on the load capacitor C1, in response to a power-down instruction, the control module 104 can also control the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 to conduct in sequence according to a preset timing sequence.

[0070] In the above technical solution, when the main circuit where the battery is located is powered on, the main negative relay 102 is first closed. Although an arc may also be generated in the main negative relay 102, at this time, the current is gradually established. The energy and duration of the arc are usually smaller than those when disconnecting, and the damage to the contacts is relatively light, and the possibility of adhesion is small. Therefore, closing the main negative relay 102 first can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem that a large inrush current generated instantaneously during power-on impacts and damages the first solid-state relay 103, thereby potentially improving the safety and reliability of power-on.

[0071] According to some embodiments of the present application, the control module 104 is configured to: in response to a power-down instruction, control the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect one by one in sequence.

[0072] In other words, in response to a power-down instruction, the control module 104 controls the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect, and the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect one by one in a certain order.

[0073] In the above technical solution, the first solid-state relay 103 is first disconnected, so that the current flowing through the main negative relay 102 in series with the first solid-state relay 103 becomes zero. Then, the main negative relay 102 is disconnected, which can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay 102. Finally, the main positive relay 101 is disconnected, so that the load is first isolated from the negative electrode of the battery. This can reduce the risk of reverse voltage impact on electrical equipment caused by the back electromotive force or residual charge generated by other components in the main circuit during the process of disconnecting the main positive relay 101, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-down.

[0074] Reference Figure 3, according to some embodiments of the present application, the control circuit further includes: a second solid-state relay 105, which is connected in parallel with the series-connected main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103; the control module 104 is further configured to: in response to a power-on command, control the second solid-state relay 105 to be disconnected during the period when the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 are all turned on; in response to a power-off command, control the first solid-state relay 103 to be disconnected, and at the same time control the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned on, and after the main negative relay 102 is disconnected, disconnect the second solid-state relay 105.

[0075] When the main circuit is powered on, the second solid-state relay 105 is disconnected, so that the current flows through the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 without passing through the second solid-state relay 105.

[0076] In response to a power-off command, the control module 104 is configured to sequentially execute Step 1 and Step 2. In Step 1, the control module 104 simultaneously controls the first solid-state relay 103 to be disconnected and the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned on. In Step 2, the control module 104 controls the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 to be disconnected in sequence. In this way, it can be realized that the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected before the main negative relay 102, and the main negative relay 102 is disconnected before the main positive relay 101.

[0077] At the moment when the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected, the circuit where the first solid-state relay 103 is located is disconnected. Since the second solid-state relay 105 is closed at the moment when the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected, the current of the battery can flow through the second solid-state relay 105. In this way, at the moment when the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected, the second solid-state relay 105 bears the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay 103.

[0078] After the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected and the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on, the voltage across the main negative relay 102 is zero. At this time, disconnecting the main negative relay 102 can reduce the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay 102. It can be understood that in order to power off the main circuit, after disconnecting the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105 and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected in sequence.

[0079] In some embodiments, the control module 104 may execute the above Step 1 and Step 2 according to a pre-set timing sequence and event-driven mechanism.

[0080] In the above technical solution, since the second solid-state relay 105 closes instantly when the first solid-state relay 103 disconnects, the current of the battery can flow through the second solid-state relay 105. In this way, at the moment when the first solid-state relay 103 disconnects, the second solid-state relay 105 bears the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay 103, thereby further reducing the risk that the first solid-state relay 103 is broken down due to excessive voltage across its two ends at the moment of disconnection. After the first solid-state relay 103 disconnects and the second solid-state relay 105 conducts, the voltage across the main negative relay 102 is zero. At this time, disconnecting the main negative relay 102 can reduce the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay 102. After disconnecting the main negative relay 102, disconnect the second solid-state relay 105 and the main positive relay 101 in sequence to cut off the power supply of the main circuit. Finally, disconnect the main positive relay 101 to isolate the load from the negative pole of the battery first, which can reduce the risk of reverse voltage impact on electrical equipment caused by the back electromotive force or residual charge generated by other components in the main circuit during the process of disconnecting the main positive relay 101, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0081] It should be noted that when the second solid-state relay 105 is provided in the control circuit, the control module 104 can be configured to execute Step 1 and Step 2 in sequence in response to a power-off instruction. When the second solid-state relay 105 is not provided in the control circuit, the control module 104 can be configured to control the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect one by one in sequence in response to a power-off instruction.

[0082] According to some embodiments of the present application, the voltage withstand capacity of the second solid-state relay 105 is greater than that of the first solid-state relay 103, and the conduction capacity of the first solid-state relay 103 is greater than that of the second solid-state relay 105.

[0083] Taking the first solid-state relay 103 as an example, the voltage withstand capacity refers to the maximum voltage value that the semiconductor device inside the first solid-state relay 103 can withstand without being broken down or damaged, usually expressed in volts (V). A voltage withstand tester can be used to measure the voltage withstand capacities of the first solid-state relay 103 and the second solid-state relay 105.

[0084] Taking the first solid-state relay 103 as an example, the conduction capacity refers to the current-carrying capacity of the first solid-state relay 103 in the conducting state, which can be characterized by the rated current.

[0085] The core component of a solid-state relay is a semiconductor device. Due to the physical characteristics of the semiconductor device, the voltage withstand capacity of the solid-state relay is related to its conduction capacity. Generally, when the voltage withstand capacity of the solid-state relay increases, its conduction capacity will be weakened to some extent.

[0086] The first solid-state relay 103 is used for power-on of the main circuit. When the main circuit is powered on, the second solid-state relay 105 is in the off state, and the current does not flow through the second solid-state relay 105 but through the first solid-state relay 103. Therefore, the conduction ability of the first solid-state relay 103 is greater than that of the second solid-state relay 105, so that the first solid-state relay 103 allows a larger current to pass through the main circuit. Correspondingly, the voltage withstand ability of the second solid-state relay 105 is greater than that of the first solid-state relay 103. In this way, when the first solid-state relay 103 is turned off, the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on, enabling the second solid-state relay 105 to have a strong enough voltage withstand ability to withstand high voltage for the first solid-state relay 103.

[0087] In the above technical solution, the conduction ability of the first solid-state relay 103 is greater than that of the second solid-state relay 105, so that the first solid-state relay 103 allows a larger current to pass through the main circuit. The voltage withstand ability of the second solid-state relay 105 is greater than that of the first solid-state relay 103. In this way, when the first solid-state relay 103 is turned off, the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on, enabling the second solid-state relay 105 to have a strong enough voltage withstand ability to withstand high voltage for the first solid-state relay 103, making it difficult for the second solid-state relay 105 to be broken down by itself, and thus not affecting the safety and reliability of the power-off of the main circuit.

[0088] Reference Figure 3 According to some embodiments of the present application, a load capacitor C1 is also connected to both ends of the battery. The control module 104 is further configured to: in response to a power-on command, control the main positive relay 101 to close to perform pre-charging for the load capacitor C1, and control the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to conduct after the pre-charging is completed; where performing pre-charging for the load capacitor C1 includes: the control module 104 controls the main positive relay 101 to conduct, and controls the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be off; the control module 104 controls the second solid-state relay 105 to be off or on based on a preset PWM signal to perform pre-charging for the load capacitor C1 when the second solid-state relay 105 is on.

[0089] That is to say, in response to the power-on command, the control module 104 performs the steps of pre-charging the load capacitor C1 and powering on the main circuit where the battery 100 is located. During the process of pre-charging the load capacitor C1, the control module 104 controls the main positive relay 101 to conduct. After the pre-charging is completed, when powering on the main circuit, in the step of powering on the main circuit, the control module 104 controls the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to conduct, thereby realizing that in response to the power-on command, the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 are all conducted.

[0090] When the control circuit includes the second solid-state relay 105, during the pre-charging of the load capacitor C1, the control module 104 can control the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to remain in the off state. By controlling the second solid-state relay 105 to alternately be in the on and off states, when the second solid-state relay 105 is on, the load capacitor C1 can be pre-charged. The pre-charging time of the load capacitor C1 can be adjusted by adjusting the PWM signal, and the pre-charging time of the load capacitor C1 in the main circuit can be adjusted as needed to achieve fast pre-charging. After the pre-charging is completed, the control module 104 can control the second solid-state relay 105 to turn off, and while keeping the main positive relay 101 in the on state, control the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on in sequence according to the pre-set timing and event-driven mechanism, and then power on the main circuit.

[0091] In the above technical solution, based on the preset PWM signal to control the second solid-state relay 105 to turn off or on to achieve the pre-charging of the load capacitor C1, the pre-charging circuit can be omitted, the cost can be reduced, and moreover, the control module 104 only needs to control the second solid-state relay 105 to alternately turn on and off to achieve pre-charging, which can simplify the control method.

[0092] Reference Figure 4 , according to some embodiments of the present application, the control module 104 includes: a control unit 1041, a first driving unit 11, a second driving unit 12, and a third driving unit 13. The control unit 1041 is configured to: in response to a power-on instruction or a power-off instruction, generate signals indicating the on / off states of the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 respectively; the first driving unit 11 is used to drive the on / off of the first solid-state relay 103 according to the signal indicating the on / off state of the first solid-state relay 103 generated by the control unit 1041; the second driving unit 12 is used to drive the on / off of the main negative relay 102 according to the signal indicating the on / off state of the main negative relay 102 generated by the control unit 1041; the third driving unit 13 is used to drive the on / off of the main positive relay 101 according to the signal indicating the on / off state of the main positive relay 101 generated by the control unit 1041.

[0093] The first driving unit 11, the second driving unit 12, and the third driving unit 13 are respectively communicatively connected to the control unit 1041.

[0094] Exemplarily, a first solid-state relay 103 and a main negative relay 102 can be connected in series to the negative electrode of the battery, while the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected. During the pre-charging stage, the control unit 1041 can generate a signal to control the main positive relay 101 to turn on, and the third driving unit 13 drives the main positive relay 101 to turn on in response to the signal indicating the turn-on of the main positive relay 101 issued by the control unit 1041. The control unit 1041 can also output a set PWM signal to the first driving unit 11 and the second driving unit 12. The first driving unit 11 drives the first solid-state relay 103 to alternately turn on and off based on the PWM signal, and the second driving unit 12 drives the main negative relay 102 to alternately turn on and off based on the PWM signal. It can be understood that the control unit 1041 outputs the set PWM signal simultaneously. Therefore, the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 turn on and off simultaneously. After the pre-charging is completed, the control unit 1041 stops outputting the PWM signal. In response to the power-on instruction, the control unit 1041 sequentially generates signals to drive the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on, so that the second driving unit 12 and the first driving unit 11 sequentially drive the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on, realizing the power-on of the main circuit.

[0095] In response to the power-off instruction, the control unit 1041 sequentially generates signals to drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to turn off. The first driving unit 11, the second driving unit 12, and the third driving unit 13 drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to turn off in sequence based on the order of the received signals.

[0096] The control unit 1041 can sequentially generate signals to drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to turn off according to a pre-set time sequence. Exemplarily, a timer can be built into the control unit 1041, and the time sequence is set based on the cycle trigger of the timer.

[0097] In some embodiments, the control unit 1041 can be a microcontroller unit (MCU) in the BMS.

[0098] In some embodiments, the first driving unit 11 can be a driving circuit well-known to those skilled in the art that can drive the solid-state relay to turn on and off, including but not limited to an optocoupler isolation driving circuit, a dedicated driving IC circuit, etc.

[0099] In some embodiments, the second driving unit 12 may be a driving circuit well-known to those skilled in the art that can drive a relay to turn on and off, including but not limited to a triode driving circuit, a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) driving circuit, a dedicated driving IC circuit, etc.

[0100] In some embodiments, the third driving unit 13 may be a driving circuit well-known to those skilled in the art that can drive a relay to turn on and off, including but not limited to a triode driving circuit, a MOSFET driving circuit, a dedicated driving IC circuit, etc.

[0101] In the above technical solution, by driving the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to turn on and off respectively through different driving units, the reliability of controlling the turn-on and off of the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 can be improved, and further the reliability of power-on and power-off can be improved.

[0102] Reference Figure 5 According to some embodiments of the present application, the first driving unit 11 includes a first high-side driving switch circuit 11a and a first push-pull driving circuit 11b. The first high-side driving switch circuit 11a is connected to the control unit 1041 and is configured to: adjust the signal indicating the turn-on and off of the first solid-state relay 103 generated by the control unit 1041 and then output a corresponding level signal; the input end of the first push-pull driving circuit 11b is connected to the first high-side driving switch circuit 11a, and the output end is connected to the first solid-state relay 103. The first push-pull driving circuit 11b is configured to: drive the turn-on and off of the first solid-state relay 103 based on the level signal output by the first high-side driving switch circuit 11a.

[0103] In the case where the driving ability of the signal indicating the turn-on and off of the first solid-state relay 103 output by the control unit 1041 is insufficient or the voltage / current does not match, the first high-side driving switch circuit 11a and the first push-pull driving circuit 11b can adjust the signal indicating the turn-on and off of the first solid-state relay 103 output by the control unit 1041, so as to efficiently drive the turn-on and off of the first solid-state relay 103.

[0104] The signal output by the control unit 1041 indicating the on / off state of the first solid-state relay 103 can also be a level signal. Exemplarily, when the control unit 1041 outputs a high-level signal, the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a and the first push-pull drive circuit 11b drive the first solid-state relay 103 to conduct. When the control unit 1041 outputs a low-level signal, the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a and the first push-pull drive circuit 11b drive the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect.

[0105] The first high-side drive switch circuit 11a can be composed of transistors. For example, it can be composed of MOS transistors or IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors). Taking the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a being composed of a first PMOS transistor as an example, the source of the first PMOS transistor is connected to the external drive power supply VKL_30C, the drain is connected to the input terminal of the first push-pull drive circuit 11b, and the gate of the first PMOS transistor is connected to the output terminal of the control unit 1041. The signal output by the control unit 1041 indicating the on / off state of the first solid-state relay 103 is transmitted to the gate of the first PMOS transistor through the output terminal, thereby controlling the on / off of the first PMOS transistor. When the first PMOS transistor is conducting, the first PMOS transistor connects the external drive power supply VKL_30C to the control terminal of the first push-pull drive circuit 11b, that is, inputs a high-level signal to the control terminal of the first push-pull drive circuit 11b. When the first PMOS transistor is cutoff, the first PMOS transistor outputs a low-level signal to the control terminal of the first push-pull drive circuit 11b.

[0106] The first push-pull drive circuit 11b can include a series-connected first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and a first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2. The drain of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply voltage. The source of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the drain of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2. The source of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 is grounded to GND. The power supply voltage can be the output voltage of the isolated power supply ISO Power. The gates of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 are connected. The input terminal of the first push-pull drive circuit 11b is the gates of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2, and the gates of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 are both connected to the output terminal of the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a. When the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a is composed of a first PMOS transistor, the output terminal of the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a is the drain of the first PMOS transistor. The input terminal of the first solid-state relay 103 is connected to the node between the source of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the drain of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2, and the input terminal of the first solid-state relay 103 is also connected to the source of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2.

[0107] In some embodiments, the first push-pull drive circuit 11b further includes a first electrolytic capacitor C2. One end of the first electrolytic capacitor C2 is connected to the power supply voltage, and the other end is grounded to meet the drive current requirement at the moment when the first solid-state relay 103 is turned on.

[0108] Taking the example that the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a is composed of a first PMOS transistor, the signal indicating the conduction of the first solid-state relay 103 output by the control unit 1041 can be a low-level signal, and the first PMOS conducts in response to the low-level signal. When the first PMOS transistor is conducting, the first PMOS transistor outputs a high-level signal to the gates of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2. The first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 conducts, and the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 is cut off. The power supply voltage is output to the first solid-state relay 103 through the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 to drive the first solid-state relay 103 to conduct.

[0109] The signal indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay 103 output by the control unit 1041 can be a high-level signal, and the first PMOS is cut off in response to the high-level signal. When the first PMOS transistor is cut off, the first PMOS transistor outputs a low-level signal to the gates of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2. The first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 is cut off, and the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 conducts. The first solid-state relay 103 outputs current to the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2, that is, the first solid-state relay 103 is reversely powered on to drive the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect.

[0110] Exemplarily, the first solid-state relay 103 may include a first output circuit. The on / off of the first solid-state relay 103 is controlled through the first output circuit, and the first output circuit is composed of semiconductor devices.

[0111] Exemplarily, the first output circuit may include a plurality of first branches 1031 connected in parallel. After being connected in parallel, the plurality of first branches 1031 are connected in series with the main negative relay 102 in the main circuit where the battery is located. Each of the first branches 1031 includes two first NMOS transistors connected in series. In each of the first branches 1031, the drain of one of the first NMOS transistors is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the source is connected to the drain of the other first NMOS transistor, and the source of the other first NMOS transistor is connected to the main negative relay 102. The gates of the two first NMOS transistors are both connected to the node between the source of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the drain of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 and the source of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2. In this way, when the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 of the first push-pull drive circuit 11b is turned on and the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 is turned off, the power supply voltage is output to the gate of each first NMOS transistor through the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1, driving the first NMOS transistor to turn on, and further driving the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on. When the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 of the first push-pull drive circuit 11b is turned off and the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 is turned on, the gate of the first NMOS transistor is at a low level, driving the first NMOS transistor to turn off, and further driving the first solid-state relay 103 to turn off.

[0112] In the above technical solution, by jointly driving the on and off of the first solid-state relay 103 through the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a and the first push-pull drive circuit 11b, the driving efficiency and reliability of the first solid-state relay 103 can be improved.

[0113] Reference Figure 6 , according to some embodiments of the present application, the power-down instruction includes an overcurrent signal, and the control circuit further includes: a first detection unit 106 communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The first detection unit 106 is configured to detect the current flowing through the battery, and generate an overcurrent signal and send it to the control unit 1041 in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value; the control unit 1041 is configured to sequentially generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to turn off in response to the overcurrent signal.

[0114] When the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are connected in series at the negative electrode of the battery and the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected, the control unit 1041 can sequentially generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to turn off in response to the overcurrent signal, and drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to turn off through the first drive unit 11, the second drive unit 12, and the third drive unit 13 respectively.

[0115] The first detection unit 106 can be connected to the negative electrode of the battery to detect the current flowing into the negative electrode of the battery.

[0116] Exemplarily, the first detection unit 106 can include a current sensor 1061 and an acquisition chip 1062. The current sensor 1061 detects the current flowing through the battery, and the acquisition chip 1062 is connected to the current sensor 1061 for acquiring the current detected by the current sensor 1061. The sampling chip is also connected to the control unit 1041. When the current flowing through the battery acquired by the acquisition chip 1062 is greater than a preset value, the sampling chip generates an overcurrent signal and sends it to the control unit 1041. The preset value refers to the maximum current that the main circuit where the battery is located can withstand, and the preset value can be determined based on the rated currents of various devices in the main circuit. In the case of multiple devices in the main circuit, the preset value is the minimum rated current among the multiple devices. For example, the preset value can be determined based on the rated current of the main negative relay 102 or the minimum rated current among the solid-state relay or the main positive relay 101.

[0117] Exemplarily, the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are in series. One end of the first solid-state relay 103 far from the main negative relay 102 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, and the current sensor 1061 can be connected between the negative electrode of the battery and the first solid-state relay 103 to detect the current flowing through the battery.

[0118] The current sensor 1061 can be a shunt, and the acquisition chip 1062 can be an AFE (Analog Front-End Chip). The AFE can be a structure in the BMS. The AFE can differentially acquire the voltage difference across the shunt in real time and calculate the current based on the voltage difference. The AFE has a built-in comparator that compares the current acquired in real time with the preset value. If the acquired current is greater than the preset value, the AFE completes the determination within 1 ms, sets the OC (Over Current) flag bit, generates an OC set signal, and the AFE sends the OC set signal to the control unit 1041, triggering the control unit 1041 to sequentially generate signals indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101. The OC set signal is the overcurrent signal. To avoid false alarms caused by interference signals, a filter can be built into the control unit 1041 to filter the OC set signal within 1 ms. The control unit 1041 can be an MCU.

[0119] In the above technical solution, through the first detection unit 106, the control unit 1041 can power off in time when an overcurrent occurs in the main circuit where the battery is located, improving the safety of battery charging and discharging.

[0120] According to some embodiments of the present application, when the battery is used to supply power to a vehicle, the power-off instruction includes any one of a collision signal and a thermal runaway signal. The control circuit further includes a second detection unit (not shown) and a third detection unit (not shown). The second detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The second detection unit is configured to detect whether a vehicle collision occurs, and in response to a vehicle collision, generate a collision signal and send it to the control unit 1041. The third detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The third detection unit is configured to detect whether a vehicle thermal runaway occurs, and in response to a vehicle thermal runaway, generate a thermal runaway signal and send it to the control unit 1041. The control unit 1041 is configured to: in response to any one of the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal, sequentially generate signals indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101.

[0121] The second detection unit may include, but is not limited to, a collision sensor. The technique of detecting whether a vehicle collision occurs through a collision sensor is a conventional technique well-known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated herein. The third detection unit may be at least one of a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor 1061, and a pressure sensor. The technique of detecting whether a vehicle thermal runaway occurs through at least one of a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor 1061, and a pressure sensor is a conventional technique well-known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated herein. Among them, both the second detection unit and the third detection unit may be structures in the BMS.

[0122] When the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are connected in series at the negative electrode of the battery and the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected, the control unit 1041 may, in response to any one of the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal, sequentially generate signals indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101, and respectively drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect through the first driving unit 11, the second driving unit 12, and the third driving unit 13. The method may refer to the relevant description in the above embodiments and will not be elaborated herein.

[0123] In the above technical solution, through the second detection unit and the third detection unit, the control unit 1041 can power off in a timely manner when a vehicle collision or thermal runaway occurs, improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0124] Reference Figure 7, according to some embodiments of the present application, the control circuit further includes: a second solid-state relay 105, the second solid-state relay 105 is connected in parallel with the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 in series, and the control unit 1041 is further configured to: in response to a power-on instruction or a power-off instruction, generate a signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105; the control module 104 further includes: a fourth driving unit 14, configured to drive the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 according to the signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 generated by the control unit 1041.

[0125] The fourth driving unit 14 is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041.

[0126] In response to the power-off instruction, the control unit 1041 first outputs a signal indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay 103 and a signal indicating the conduction of the second solid-state relay 105 simultaneously, wherein the signal indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay 103 is output to the first driving unit 11, and the signal indicating the conduction of the second solid-state relay 105 is output to the fourth driving unit 14, so that at the same moment, the first driving unit 11 drives the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect, and the fourth driving unit 14 drives the second solid-state relay 105 to conduct.

[0127] Next, the control unit 1041 sequentially outputs signals indicating the disconnection of the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101. The second driving unit 12, the fourth driving unit 14, and the third driving unit 13 drive the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect in sequence based on the order of the received signals.

[0128] In some embodiments, the fourth driving unit 14 may be a driving circuit well-known to those skilled in the art that can drive the on / off of a solid-state relay, including but not limited to an opto-isolated driving circuit, a dedicated driving IC circuit, etc.

[0129] It can be understood that the first driving unit 11, the second driving unit 12, the third driving unit 13, and the fourth driving unit 14 can be respectively connected to different output ports of the control unit 1041, and thus can respectively receive the signals output by the control unit 1041.

[0130] In the above technical solution, the control unit 1041 can also drive the second solid-state relay 105 through the fourth driving unit 14, improving the reliability of driving the second solid-state relay 105. Furthermore, when the first solid-state relay 103 disconnects, the second solid-state relay 105 can effectively withstand the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay 103, thereby further reducing the risk that the first solid-state relay 103 is broken down due to excessive voltage across its two ends during disconnection.

[0131] Reference Figure 8 According to some embodiments of the present application, the fourth driving unit 14 includes a second high-side driving switch circuit 14a and a second push-pull driving circuit 14b. The second high-side driving switch circuit 14a is connected to the control unit 1041 and is configured to: adjust the signal generated by the control unit 1041 indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 and then output a corresponding level signal; the input end of the second push-pull driving circuit 14b is connected to the second high-side driving switch circuit 14a, and the output end is connected to the second solid-state relay 105. The second push-pull driving circuit 14b is configured to: drive the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 based on the level signal output by the second high-side driving switch circuit 14a.

[0132] When the driving ability of the signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 output by the control unit 1041 is insufficient or the voltage / current is mismatched, the second high-side driving switch circuit 14a and the second push-pull driving circuit 14b can adjust the signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 output by the control unit 1041, so as to efficiently drive the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105.

[0133] The signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 output by the control unit 1041 can also be a level signal. Exemplarily, when the control unit 1041 outputs a high-level signal, the second high-side driving switch circuit 14a and the second push-pull driving circuit 14b drive the second solid-state relay 105 to conduct; when the control unit 1041 outputs a low-level signal, the second high-side driving switch circuit 14a and the second push-pull driving circuit 14b drive the second solid-state relay 105 to disconnect.

[0134] The second high-side driving switch circuit 14a can be composed of transistors. For example, it can be composed of MOS transistors or IGBT transistors. Taking the second high-side driving switch circuit 14a being composed of a second PMOS transistor as an example, the source electrode of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the external driving power supply VKL_30C, the drain electrode is connected to the input end of the second push-pull driving circuit 14b, and the gate electrode of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the output end of the control unit 1041. The signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 output by the control unit 1041 is transmitted to the gate electrode of the second PMOS transistor through the output end, thereby controlling the on / off of the second PMOS transistor. When the second PMOS transistor is conducting, the second PMOS transistor connects the external driving power supply VKL_30C to the control end of the second push-pull driving circuit 14b, that is, inputs a high-level signal to the control end of the second push-pull driving circuit 14b. When the second PMOS transistor is cut off, the second PMOS transistor outputs a low-level signal to the control end of the second push-pull driving circuit 14b.

[0135] The second push-pull driving circuit 14b may include a second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and a second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 connected in series. The drain of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 is connected to the power supply voltage. The source of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 is connected to the drain of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4. The source of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 is grounded to GND. The power supply voltage may be the output voltage of the isolated power supply ISO Power. The gates of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 are connected. The input end of the second push-pull driving circuit 14b is the gates of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4, and the gates of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 are both connected to the output end of the second high-side driving switch circuit 14a. When the second high-side driving switch circuit 14a is composed of a second PMOS transistor, the output end of the second high-side driving switch circuit 14a is the drain of the second PMOS transistor. The input end of the second solid-state relay 105 is connected to the node between the source of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the drain of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4, and the input end of the second solid-state relay 105 is also connected to the source of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4.

[0136] In some embodiments, the second push-pull driving circuit 14b further includes a second electrolytic capacitor C3. Two ends of the second electrolytic capacitor C3 are connected to the power supply voltage, and the other end is grounded to meet the driving current requirement at the moment when the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on.

[0137] Taking the second high-side driving switch circuit 14a being composed of a second PMOS transistor as an example, the signal indicating that the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on output by the control unit 1041 may be a low-level signal, and the second PMOS transistor is turned on in response to the low-level signal. When the second PMOS transistor is turned on, the second PMOS transistor outputs a high-level signal to the gates of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4. The second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 is turned on, and the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 is turned off. The power supply voltage is output to the second solid-state relay 105 through the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 to drive the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned on.

[0138] The signal indicating that the second solid-state relay 105 is turned off output by the control unit 1041 may be a high-level signal, and the second PMOS transistor is turned off in response to the high-level signal. When the second PMOS transistor is turned off, the second PMOS transistor outputs a low-level signal to the gates of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4. The second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 is turned off, and the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 is turned on. The second solid-state relay 105 outputs current to the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4, that is, the second solid-state relay 105 is reversely powered on to drive the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned off.

[0139] When the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a is composed of a first PMOS transistor and the first push-pull drive circuit 11b includes a first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and a first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2, the structures of the first drive unit 11 and the second drive unit 12 are actually the same. Therefore, in response to the power-down instruction, the control unit 1041 can output a high-level signal and a low-level signal simultaneously, where the high-level signal is output to the first high-side drive switch and the low-level signal is output to the second high-side drive switch, so that the first solid-state relay 103 can be driven to disconnect while the second solid-state relay 105 is driven to conduct.

[0140] Exemplarily, the second solid-state relay 105 may include a second output circuit, and the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 is controlled through the second output circuit, and the second output circuit is composed of semiconductor devices.

[0141] Exemplarily, the second output circuit may include a plurality of second branches 1032 connected in parallel. After being connected in parallel, the plurality of second branches 1032 are connected in series with the main negative relay 102 in the main circuit where the battery is located. Wherein, each second branch 1032 includes two second NMOS transistors connected in series. In each second branch 1032, the drain of one second NMOS transistor is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the source is connected to the drain of the other second NMOS transistor, the source of the other second NMOS transistor is connected to the main negative relay 102, and the gates of the two second NMOS transistors are both connected to the node between the source of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the drain of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 and the source of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4. In this way, when the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 in the second push-pull drive circuit 14b is conducting and the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 is cut off, the power supply voltage is output to the gate of each second NMOS transistor through the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 to drive the second NMOS transistor to conduct, and further drive the second solid-state relay 105 to conduct. When the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 in the second push-pull drive circuit 14b is cut off and the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 is conducting, the gate of the second NMOS transistor is at a low level, driving the second NMOS transistor to cut off, and further driving the second solid-state relay 105 to disconnect.

[0142] In the above technical solution, by jointly driving the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 through the second high-side drive switch circuit 14a and the second push-pull drive circuit 14b, the driving efficiency and reliability of the second solid-state relay 105 can be improved.

[0143] Reference Figure 9, according to some embodiments of the present application, the power - off instruction includes an over - current signal, and the control circuit further includes: a first detection unit 106 communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The first detection unit 106 is configured to detect the current flowing through the battery, and in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generate an over - current signal and send it to the control unit 1041. The control unit 1041 is configured to: in response to the over - current signal, sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation. Among them, the first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid - state relay 103 is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid - state relay 105 is turned on. The second operation includes: sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay 102, the second solid - state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected.

[0144] The structure of the first detection unit 106 can refer to the relevant description in the above - mentioned embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0145] When the control circuit includes the second solid - state relay 105, the control unit 1041 can, in response to the over - current signal, sequentially perform the first operation and the second operation.

[0146] The control unit 1041 can sequentially perform the first operation and the second operation according to a preset time sequence. Exemplarily, a timer can be built into the control unit 1041, and the time sequence can be set based on the cycle trigger of the timer.

[0147] In the above - mentioned technical solution, through the first detection unit 106, the control unit 1041 can power off in time when an over - current occurs in the main circuit where the battery is located, improving the safety of battery charging and discharging.

[0148] , according to some embodiments of the present application, when the battery is used to supply power to a vehicle, the power - off instruction includes any one of a collision signal and a thermal runaway signal, and the control circuit further includes: a second detection unit and a third detection unit. The second detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The second detection unit is configured to detect whether the vehicle has a collision, and in response to the vehicle having a collision, generate a collision signal and send it to the control unit 1041. The third detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The third detection unit is configured to detect whether the vehicle has a thermal runaway, and in response to the vehicle having a thermal runaway, generate a thermal runaway signal and send it to the control unit 1041. The control unit 1041 is configured to: in response to any one of the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal, sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation. Among them, the first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid - state relay 103 is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid - state relay 105 is turned on. The second operation includes: sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay 102, the second solid - state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected.

[0149] The structures of the second detection unit and the third detection unit can refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0150] When the control circuit includes the second solid-state relay 105, the control unit 1041 can sequentially perform the first operation and the second operation in response to any one of the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal.

[0151] In the above technical solution, through the second detection unit and the third detection unit, the control unit 1041 can cut off the power in time when the vehicle collides or experiences thermal runaway, improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0152] According to some embodiments of the present application, a load capacitor C1 is also connected across the battery, and the control module 104 is further configured such that when pre-charging is performed for the load capacitor C1, the control unit 1041 is further configured to: output a preset PWM signal to the fourth driving unit 14; the fourth driving unit 14 is further configured to drive the second solid-state relay 105 to turn off or on according to the PWM signal.

[0153] In the pre-charging stage, the control unit 1041 can generate a signal for controlling the main relay to turn on, and the third driving unit 13 drives the main positive relay 101 to turn on in response to the signal indicating the conduction of the main positive relay 101 issued by the control unit 1041. The control unit 1041 also generates signals for controlling the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 to turn off, and the first driving unit 11 and the second driving unit 12 respectively drive the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 to turn off in response to the signals indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 issued by the control unit 1041. The control unit 1041 outputs a set PWM signal to the fourth driving unit 14, and the fourth driving unit 14 drives the second solid-state relay 105 to alternately turn on and off based on the PWM signal, and pre-charges the load capacitor C1 when the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on. After the pre-charging is completed, the control unit 1041 stops outputting the PWM signal and outputs a signal indicating the disconnection of the second solid-state relay 105 to the fourth driving unit 14, so that the fourth driving unit 14 drives the second solid-state relay 105 to turn off. Moreover, the control unit 1041 also sequentially generates signals for driving the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on, so that the second driving unit 12 and the first driving unit 11 sequentially drive the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on, realizing the power-on of the main circuit.

[0154] In response to a power-down instruction, the control unit 1041 sequentially performs a first operation and a second operation. The first driving unit 11, the second driving unit 12, the third driving unit 13, and the fourth driving unit 14 correspondingly drive the on / off states of the first solid-state relay 103, the second solid-state relay 105, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 based on the signals issued by the control unit 1041 during the first operation and the second operation.

[0155] In the above technical solution, the pre-charging of the load capacitor C1 is achieved through the control unit 1041 and the fourth driving unit 14, which can simplify the pre-charging method and the circuit.

[0156] The embodiment of the present application provides a battery system, including the control circuit in the above embodiment.

[0157] The battery system may include a battery, and the control circuit may be connected to the battery.

[0158] The battery system has the beneficial effects of the control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application. For specific details, reference can be made to the description of the control circuit in the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0159] The embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including the battery system in the above embodiment, and the battery system supplies power to the electrical device.

[0160] The electrical device can refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0161] The embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device, and the energy storage device includes the battery system in the above embodiment, and the battery system is used for storing electrical energy.

[0162] The energy storage device can refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0163] With reference to Figure 2 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the embodiment of the present application provides a control method for controlling a battery. The positive electrode of the battery is connected to the main positive relay 101, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the series connection of the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103. The method includes: Step 110, in response to a power-on instruction, control the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 to be all turned on; Step 120, in response to a power-down instruction, control the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to be turned off, where the first solid-state relay 103 is turned off prior to the main negative relay 102, and the main negative relay 102 is turned off prior to the main positive relay 101.

[0164] Step 110 and step 120 can be executed by the control module 104 in the above embodiments. The structure of the control module 104 and the related execution methods can refer to the descriptions of the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0165] Step 110 may include the following steps 1101 to 1104.

[0166] In step 1101, the control module 104 receives a power-on instruction. The control module 104 can be a BMS.

[0167] In step 1102, the control module 104 performs self-check. The self-check includes self-checking the battery state, electrical connection, its own hardware functions, etc. Among them, in the electrical connection detection, the control module 104 can detect whether the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 are in normal working states. When a second solid-state relay 105 is also connected in parallel at both ends of the series-connected main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103, the control module 104 also detects whether the second solid-state relay 105 is in normal working state.

[0168] After the self-check passes, in step 1103, the control module 104 pre-charges the load capacitor C1 connected to both ends of the battery.

[0169] After the pre-charging is completed, in step 1104, the control module 104 controls the main circuit where the battery is located to be powered on. In step 1104, the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 are all turned on.

[0170] The execution methods related to step 1103 and step 1104 can refer to the relevant descriptions of the above embodiments.

[0171] In the above technical solution, first, the first solid-state relay 103 is controlled to be disconnected, so that the current flowing through the main negative relay 102 connected in series with the first solid-state relay 103 becomes zero, and then the main negative relay 102 is disconnected, which can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay 102. Moreover, the main negative relay 102 is controlled to be disconnected before the main positive relay 101. In this way, the disconnection operation of the main positive relay 101 with the largest arc energy is postponed until the voltage of the main circuit where the battery is located decreases, thereby being able to reduce the risk of arc generation and adhesion of the main positive relay 101.

[0172] According to some embodiments of the present application, in response to the power-on instruction, controlling the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on includes: controlling the main negative relay 102 to be turned on before the first solid-state relay 103.

[0173] A first solid-state relay 103 and a main negative relay 102 are connected in series to the negative electrode of the battery. In the case where the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected, the above steps can be executed by the control module 104. The method for the control module 104 to execute the above steps can refer to the relevant descriptions of the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0174] In the above technical solution, first closing the main negative relay 102 can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem that a large inrush current generated instantaneously during power-on impacts and damages the first solid-state relay 103, thereby potentially improving the safety and reliability of power-on.

[0175] According to some embodiments of the present application, in response to a power-off instruction, controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect includes: controlling the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect one by one in sequence.

[0176] A first solid-state relay 103 and a main negative relay 102 are connected in series to the negative electrode of the battery. In the case where the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected, the above steps can be executed by the control module 104. The method for the control module 104 to execute the above steps can refer to the relevant descriptions of the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0177] In the above technical solution, first disconnecting the first solid-state relay 103 makes the current flowing through the main negative relay 102 connected in series with the first solid-state relay 103 zero. Then, disconnecting the main negative relay 102 can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem of the main negative relay 102 sticking. Finally, disconnecting the main positive relay 101 isolates the load from the negative electrode of the battery first, which can reduce the risk of reverse voltage impact on electrical equipment caused by the back electromotive force or residual charge generated by other components in the main circuit during the process of disconnecting the main positive relay 101, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0178] According to some embodiments of the present application, a second solid-state relay 105 is also connected in parallel across the two ends of the series-connected main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103. The method further includes: in response to a power-on instruction, controlling the second solid-state relay 105 to disconnect during the period when the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 are all conducting; In response to a power-off instruction, controlling the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect includes: sequentially executing Step 1 and Step 2, where, Step 1 includes: simultaneously controlling the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect and the second solid-state relay 105 to conduct; Step 2 includes: controlling the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect in sequence.

[0179] The above steps can be executed by the control module 104. The method for the control module 104 to execute the above steps can refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0180] In the above technical solution, at the moment when the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected, the second solid-state relay 105 bears the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay 103, so that the risk of the first solid-state relay 103 being broken down due to excessive voltage across its two ends at the moment of disconnection can be further reduced. After the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected and the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on, the voltage flowing through the main negative relay 102 is zero. At this time, disconnecting the main negative relay 102 can reduce the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay 102.

[0181] Combined with reference to Figure 3 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 12 , according to some embodiments of the present application, a load capacitor C1 is also connected to both ends of the battery, and when a second solid-state relay 105 is also connected in parallel across the series-connected main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103, the method further includes: in response to a power-on command, controlling the main positive relay to turn on to perform pre-charging for the load capacitor C1, and after the pre-charging is completed, controlling the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to turn on, that is, executing the above steps 1103 and 1104.

[0182] Step 1103 includes: Step 11031, controlling the main positive relay 101 to turn on, and controlling the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn off; Step 11032, controlling the second solid-state relay 105 to turn off or on based on a preset PWM signal to pre-charge the load capacitor C1 when the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on.

[0183] The above steps 11031 and 11032 can be executed by the control module 104. The method for the control module 104 to execute the above steps 11031 and 11032 can refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0184] During the execution of step 11032, the control module 104 can detect in real time whether the pre-charging is completed. In the case where the pre-charging is completed, step 1104 is executed. In step 1104, in response to the power-on instruction, the control module 104 controls the second solid-state relay 105 to disconnect, and while maintaining the main positive relay 101 in the conducting state, sequentially controls the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to conduct. If the control module 104 detects that the pre-charging is not completed, it detects whether a pre-charging fault occurs. If a pre-charging fault is detected, the second solid-state relay 105 is disconnected, the fault type is recorded and stored and reported.

[0185] In the above technical solution, based on the preset PWM signal, controlling the second solid-state relay 105 to disconnect or conduct to achieve the pre-charging of the load capacitor C1 can eliminate the pre-charging circuit, reduce the cost, and moreover, the control module 104 only needs to control the second solid-state relay 105 to alternately conduct and disconnect to achieve pre-charging, which can simplify the control method.

[0186] According to some embodiments of the present application, a power-off instruction is generated when the current flowing through the battery is greater than a preset value.

[0187] The battery can also be connected to the first detection unit 106. The first detection unit 106 is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041 in the control module 104. The first detection unit 106 is used to detect the current flowing through the battery, and in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generates an overcurrent signal and sends it to the control unit 1041. The overcurrent signal can be used as a power-off instruction.

[0188] Exemplarily, when the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are connected in series at the negative electrode of the battery and the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected, the control unit 1041 can sequentially generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect in response to the overcurrent signal, and respectively drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect through the first driving unit 11, the second driving unit 12, and the third driving unit 13.

[0189] Exemplarily, when a second solid-state relay 105 is also connected in parallel across the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 after being connected in series, the control unit 1041 can also respond to an overcurrent signal and sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation; wherein, the first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on; the second operation includes: sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected. The first driving unit 11, the second driving unit 12, the third driving unit 13, and the fourth driving unit 14 drive the on / off states of the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, the main positive relay 101, and the second solid-state relay 105 respectively based on the signals sent by the control unit 1041 in the first operation and the second operation.

[0190] The structure of the first detection unit 106, the manner in which the first detection unit 106 detects the current of the battery, the cooperation manner between the control unit 1041 and the first detection unit 106, and the cooperation manner between the control unit 1041 and the first driving unit 11, the second driving unit 12, the third driving unit 13, and the fourth driving unit 14 can refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0191] After the control unit 1041 controls the second solid-state relay 105 to disconnect in response to an overcurrent signal, the control unit 1041 can record the fault type and store and report it.

[0192] In the above technical solution, it is possible to cut off the power in time when an overcurrent occurs in the main circuit where the battery is located, improving the safety of battery charging and discharging.

[0193] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery is used to supply power to a vehicle, and a power-off command is generated in the case of a vehicle collision or a vehicle thermal runaway.

[0194] The battery can also be connected to a second detection unit and a third detection unit. The second detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The second detection unit is used to detect whether a vehicle collision occurs, and in response to a vehicle collision, generates a collision signal and sends it to the control unit 1041. The collision signal serves as a power-off command. The third detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The third detection unit is used to detect whether a vehicle thermal runaway occurs, and in response to a vehicle thermal runaway, generates a thermal runaway signal and sends it to the control unit 1041. The thermal runaway signal serves as a power-off command.

[0195] Exemplarily, a first solid-state relay 103 and a main negative relay 102 are connected in series to the negative electrode of the battery. When the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected, the control unit 1041 can generate signals indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 in sequence in response to either a collision signal or a thermal runaway signal, and drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect through the first driving unit 11, the second driving unit 12, and the third driving unit 13 in sequence.

[0196] Exemplarily, when a second solid-state relay 105 is also connected in parallel across the two ends of the series-connected main negative relay 102 and first solid-state relay 103, the control unit 1041 can also perform a first operation and a second operation in sequence in response to either a collision signal or a thermal runaway signal; wherein, the first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay 103 and a signal indicating the conduction of the second solid-state relay 105; the second operation includes: generating signals indicating the disconnection of the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 in sequence. The first driving unit 11, the second driving unit 12, the third driving unit 13, and the fourth driving unit 14 drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, the main positive relay 101, and the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned on and off based on the signals sent by the control unit 1041 in the first operation and the second operation.

[0197] The structure of the second detection unit, the way the second detection unit detects a collision, the cooperation mode between the control unit 1041 and the second detection unit, and the cooperation mode between the control unit 1041 and the first driving unit 11, the second driving unit 12, the third driving unit 13, and the fourth driving unit 14 can refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0198] The structure of the third detection unit, the way the third detection unit detects thermal runaway, the cooperation mode between the control unit 1041 and the third detection unit, and the cooperation mode between the control unit 1041 and the first driving unit 11, the second driving unit 12, the third driving unit 13, and the fourth driving unit 14 can refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0199] After the control unit 1041 controls the second solid-state relay 105 to disconnect in response to either a collision signal or a thermal runaway signal, the control unit 1041 can record the fault type and store and report it.

[0200] In the above technical solution, when a vehicle collides or experiences thermal runaway, the power is cut off in a timely manner to improve the safety of the vehicle.

[0201] In other embodiments, the power-down instruction can also be issued by the user independently.

[0202] An embodiment of the present application provides a control circuit, which includes: a main positive relay 101, a main negative relay 102, a first solid-state relay 103, a second solid-state relay 105, and a control module 104. The main positive relay 101 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery and is used to control the input and output of the positive electrode of the battery; the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 are connected in series and then connected to the negative electrode of the battery to control the input and output of the negative electrode of the battery; the second solid-state relay 105 is connected in parallel with the series-connected main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103; the control module 104 is configured to: in response to a power-on instruction, control the main positive relay 101 to close to perform pre-charging on the load capacitor C1 at both ends of the battery, and after the pre-charging is completed, control the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to conduct, so that the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 are all conducting; in response to a power-down instruction, sequentially execute Step 1 and Step 2. In Step 1, the control module 104 simultaneously controls the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect and the second solid-state relay 105 to conduct. In Step 2, the control module 104 controls the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect in sequence. In this way, it can be realized that the first solid-state relay 103 disconnects before the main negative relay 102, and the main negative relay 102 disconnects before the main positive relay 101.

[0203] The voltage withstand capacity of the second solid-state relay 105 is greater than that of the first solid-state relay 103, and the conduction capacity of the first solid-state relay 103 is greater than that of the second solid-state relay 105.

[0204] Performing pre-charging for the load capacitor C1 includes: the control module 104 controls the main positive relay 101 to conduct, and controls the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect; the control module 104 controls the second solid-state relay 105 to disconnect or conduct based on a preset PWM signal to perform pre-charging on the load capacitor C1 when the second solid-state relay 105 conducts.

[0205] After the pre-charging is completed, the control module 104 can control the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to conduct in sequence according to a preset timing sequence and event-driven mechanism, and then power on the main circuit.

[0206] The control module 104 includes: a control unit 1041, a first driving unit 11, a second driving unit 12, a third driving unit 13, and a fourth driving unit 14. The control unit 1041 is configured to: in response to a power-on instruction or a power-off instruction, generate signals indicating the on / off states of the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 respectively; the first driving unit 11 is used to drive the on / off of the first solid-state relay 103 according to the signal indicating the on / off state of the first solid-state relay 103 generated by the control unit 1041; the second driving unit 12 is used to drive the on / off of the main negative relay 102 according to the signal indicating the on / off state of the main negative relay 102 generated by the control unit 1041; the third driving unit 13 is used to drive the on / off of the main positive relay 101 according to the signal indicating the on / off state of the main positive relay 101 generated by the control unit 1041; the fourth driving unit 14 is used to drive the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 according to the signal indicating the on / off state of the second solid-state relay 105 generated by the control unit 1041.

[0207] The control unit 1041 can be a BMU.

[0208] The first driving unit 11 includes a first high-side driving switch circuit 11a and a first push-pull driving circuit 11b. The fourth driving unit 14 includes a second high-side driving switch circuit 14a and a second push-pull driving circuit 14b.

[0209] The power-off instruction includes an overcurrent signal. The control circuit further includes: a first detection unit 106, communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The first detection unit 106 is used to detect the current flowing through the battery, and in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generate an overcurrent signal and send it to the control unit 1041. When the battery is used to supply power to the vehicle, the power-off instruction includes any one of a collision signal and a thermal runaway signal. The control circuit further includes: a second detection unit and a third detection unit. The second detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The second detection unit is used to detect whether the vehicle has collided, and in response to the vehicle having collided, generate a collision signal and send it to the control unit 1041; the third detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The third detection unit is used to detect whether the vehicle has a thermal runaway, and in response to the vehicle having a thermal runaway, generate a thermal runaway signal and send it to the control unit 1041.

[0210] The control unit 1041 is configured to: in response to any one of the overcurrent signal, the collision signal, and the thermal runaway signal, sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation; wherein, the first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on; the second operation includes: sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected.

[0211] The first detection unit 106 may include a current sensor 1061 and an acquisition chip 1062. The current sensor 1061 detects the current flowing through the battery, and the acquisition chip 1062 is connected to the current sensor 1061 and is used to acquire the current detected by the current sensor 1061. The current sensor 1061 may be a shunt, and the acquisition chip 1062 may be an AFE.

[0212] The control circuit further includes a second detection unit and a third detection unit. The second detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The second detection unit is used to detect whether the vehicle has collided, and in response to the vehicle having collided, generates a collision signal and sends it to the control unit 1041; the third detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The third detection unit is used to detect whether the vehicle has a thermal runaway, and in response to the vehicle having a thermal runaway, generates a thermal runaway signal and sends it to the control unit 1041; the control unit 1041 is configured to: in response to any one of the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal, sequentially generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect.

[0213] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the description of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the text, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control circuit, characterized in that, Comprising: A main positive relay, connected to the positive electrode of the battery, for controlling the input and output of the positive electrode of the battery; A main negative relay and a first solid-state relay, the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay are connected in series and then connected to the negative electrode of the battery to control the input and output of the negative electrode of the battery; A control module, configured to: In response to a power-on instruction, control the main positive relay, the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be all turned on; In response to a power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay and the main positive relay to be turned off, wherein the first solid-state relay is turned off prior to the main negative relay, and the main negative relay is turned off prior to the main positive relay.

2. The control circuit according to claim 1, wherein, The control module is further configured to: in response to the power-on instruction, control the main negative relay to be turned on prior to the first solid-state relay.

3. The control circuit according to claim 1, wherein The control module is configured to: in response to the power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay and the main positive relay to be turned off one by one in sequence.

4. The control circuit according to claim 1, wherein The control circuit further includes: a second solid-state relay, the second solid-state relay is connected in parallel with the series-connected main negative relay and the first solid-state relay; The control module is further configured to: In response to the power-on instruction, during the period when the main positive relay, the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay are all turned on, control the second solid-state relay to be turned off; In response to the power-off instruction, while controlling the first solid-state relay to be turned off, control the second solid-state relay to be turned on, and after the main negative relay is turned off, turn off the second solid-state relay.

5. The control circuit according to claim 4, wherein The voltage withstand capacity of the second solid-state relay is greater than that of the first solid-state relay, and the conduction capacity of the first solid-state relay is greater than that of the second solid-state relay.

6. The control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, A load capacitor is further connected across the two ends of the battery, and the control module is further configured to: in response to the power-on instruction, control the main positive relay to be turned on to perform pre-charging for the load capacitor, and after the pre-charging is completed, control the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be turned on; wherein, Performing pre-charging for the load capacitor includes: The control module controls the main positive relay to be turned on, and controls the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be turned off; The control module controls the second solid-state relay to be turned off or on based on a preset PWM signal to perform pre-charging for the load capacitor when the second solid-state relay is turned on.

7. The control circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The control module includes: A control unit, configured to: in response to the power-on instruction or the power-off instruction, respectively generate signals indicating the on / off states of the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay and the main positive relay; A first driving unit, for driving the on / off of the first solid-state relay according to the signal indicating the on / off state of the first solid-state relay generated by the control unit; A second driving unit, for driving the on / off of the main negative relay according to the signal indicating the on / off state of the main negative relay generated by the control unit; A third driving unit, configured to drive the on / off of the main positive relay according to a signal indicating the on / off of the main positive relay generated by the control unit.

8. The control circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first driving unit includes: A first high-side driving switch circuit, connected to the control unit, and configured to: adjust a signal indicating the on / off of the first solid-state relay generated by the control unit and then output a corresponding level signal; A first push-pull driving circuit, the input end of the first push-pull driving circuit is connected to the first high-side driving switch circuit, and the output end is connected to the first solid-state relay. The first push-pull driving circuit is configured to: drive the on / off of the first solid-state relay based on the level signal output by the first high-side driving switch circuit.

9. The control circuit according to claim 7, wherein The power-down instruction includes an overcurrent signal, and the control circuit further includes: A first detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit, where the first detection unit is configured to detect the current flowing through the battery, and in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generate an overcurrent signal and send it to the control unit; The control unit is configured to sequentially generate signals indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay in response to the overcurrent signal.

10. The control circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the battery is used to supply power to the vehicle, the power-down instruction includes any one of a collision signal and a thermal runaway signal, and the control circuit further includes: A second detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit, where the second detection unit is configured to detect whether the vehicle has collided, and in response to the vehicle having collided, generate a collision signal and send it to the control unit; A third detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit, where the third detection unit is configured to detect whether the vehicle has a thermal runaway, and in response to the vehicle having a thermal runaway, generate a thermal runaway signal and send it to the control unit; The control unit is configured to: sequentially generate signals indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay in response to any one of the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal.

11. The control circuit according to claim 7, wherein, When the control circuit further includes: a second solid-state relay, and the second solid-state relay is connected in parallel with the series connection of the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay, the control unit is further configured to: generate a signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay in response to the power-on instruction or the power-down instruction; The control module further includes: A fourth driving unit, configured to drive the on / off of the second solid-state relay according to a signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay generated by the control unit.

12. The control circuit according to claim 11, wherein The fourth driving unit includes: A second high-side driving switch circuit, connected to the control unit, and configured to: adjust a signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay generated by the control unit and then output a corresponding level signal; The second push-pull drive circuit, the input end of the second push-pull drive circuit is connected to the second high-side drive switch circuit, and the output end is connected to the second solid-state relay. The second push-pull drive circuit is configured to: drive the on / off of the second solid-state relay based on the level signal output by the second high-side drive switch circuit.

13. The control circuit according to claim 11, wherein The power-down command includes an overcurrent signal, and the control circuit further includes: A first detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit. The first detection unit is configured to detect the current flowing through the battery, and generate an overcurrent signal and send it to the control unit in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value. The control unit is configured to: in response to the overcurrent signal, sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation; wherein, The first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay is turned off and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay is turned on. The second operation includes: sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay, the second solid-state relay, and the main positive relay are turned off.

14. The control circuit according to claim 11, wherein When the battery is used to supply power to the vehicle, the power-down command includes any one of a collision signal and a thermal runaway signal. The control circuit further includes: A second detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit. The second detection unit is configured to detect whether the vehicle has a collision, and generate a collision signal and send it to the control unit in response to the vehicle having a collision. A third detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit. The third detection unit is configured to detect whether the vehicle has a thermal runaway, and generate a thermal runaway signal and send it to the control unit in response to the vehicle having a thermal runaway. The control unit is configured to: in response to any one of the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal, sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation; wherein, The first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay is turned off and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay is turned on. The second operation includes: sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay, the second solid-state relay, and the main positive relay are turned off.

15. The control circuit according to claim 11, wherein A load capacitor is further connected to both ends of the battery. The control module is further configured to, in response to pre-charging the load capacitor, the control unit is further configured to: output a preset PWM signal to the fourth drive unit. The fourth drive unit is further configured to drive the second solid-state relay to turn off or on according to the PWM signal.

16. A battery system, characterized in that, Including the control circuit according to any one of claims 1-15.

17. An electrical device, characterized in that, Including the battery system according to claim 16, and the battery system supplies power to the electrical device.

18. An energy storage device, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes the battery system according to claim 16, and the battery system is used for storing electrical energy.

19. A control method for controlling a battery, characterized in that, The positive electrode of the battery is connected to the main positive relay, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the series-connected main negative relay and the first solid-state relay. The method includes: In response to a power-on command, controlling the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay to be all turned on. In response to a power-down instruction, control the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect, where the first solid-state relay disconnects before the main negative relay, and the main negative relay disconnects before the main positive relay.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein The controlling the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay to conduct in response to a power-up instruction includes: controlling the main negative relay to conduct before the first solid-state relay.

21. The method according to claim 19, wherein The controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect in response to a power-down instruction includes: controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect one by one in sequence.

22. The method according to claim 19, wherein A second solid-state relay is also connected in parallel across the two ends of the series-connected main negative relay and the first solid-state relay, and the method further includes: in response to the power-up instruction, controlling the second solid-state relay to disconnect during the period when the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay are all conducting; The controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect in response to the power-down instruction includes: sequentially performing step one and step two, where Step one includes: simultaneously controlling the first solid-state relay to disconnect and the second solid-state relay to conduct; Step two includes: controlling the main negative relay, the second solid-state relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect in sequence.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that A load capacitor is also connected across the two ends of the battery, and the method further includes: in response to the power-up instruction, controlling the main positive relay to conduct to perform pre-charging for the load capacitor, and controlling the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to conduct after the pre-charging is completed; Performing pre-charging for the load capacitor includes: Controlling the main positive relay to conduct, and controlling the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to disconnect; Based on a preset PWM signal, controlling the second solid-state relay to disconnect or conduct to perform pre-charging for the load capacitor when the second solid-state relay is conducting.

24. The method according to any one of claims 19-23, characterized in that, Generate the power-down instruction when the current flowing through the battery is greater than a preset value.

25. The method according to any one of claims 19-23, characterized in that, The battery is used to supply power to the vehicle, and generate the power-down instruction when the vehicle collides or the vehicle experiences thermal runaway.

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