Straw collecting and granulating device modified by small harvester and collecting and granulating method of straw collecting and granulating device

Abstract

The straw collecting and granulating device comprises a harvester body, a header assembly and a driving assembly, the driving assembly comprises an engine, a transmission assembly, a feeding assembly and a granulating assembly are arranged on the harvester body, the feeding assembly is connected with the right end of the header assembly, and the granulating assembly is connected with the right end of the header assembly. The feeding assembly comprises a feeding frame and a conveying mechanism, a first feeding port is formed in the left end of the feeding frame and connected with the header assembly, the granulation assembly is arranged below the feeding frame, one end of the transmission assembly is connected with the engine, and the other end of the transmission assembly is connected with the first driving shaft. According to the straw collecting and granulating device modified by the small harvester and the collecting and granulating method of the straw collecting and granulating device, the small crawler-type harvester is used as a main body for improvement, additional power is not needed, function conversion from threshing operation to straw collecting and granulating operation is achieved, and the straw collecting and granulating device is suitable for small-area field operation in the south; and flat die granulation and field in-situ discharging of the pure rice straw are completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of straw collection, and particularly relates to a device for converting a small harvester into a straw collection and granulation device and a collection and granulation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Crop straw is regarded as a valuable biomass resource because it is rich in nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and lignin. The current difficulty in the resource utilization of straw lies in the lack of technologies and supporting machinery with good harmless and reduction effects for in-situ utilization, while the off-field utilization has high costs and low market acceptance. Developing in-situ reduction and harmless treatment equipment is the key to realizing the in-situ return of straw to the field and the diversified utilization of straw off the field. In recent years, mobile straw in-situ collection - granulation machines have been developed, which can collect the crushed straw in the field and complete the granulation process at the same time. The produced straw granules can be scattered in the field on-site or collected for other uses, providing great convenience for the diversified and high-value utilization of straw in-situ return to the field or off the field. There is already a corn straw in-situ collection - rapid granulation machine in the field. Granulation and returning to the field have been proven to have outstanding advantages such as good returning quality, large amount of straw returned, rapid decomposition of straw in the current year, rapid increase in soil organic matter, and significant crop yield increase.

[0003] However, at present, the domestic and foreign mobile straw in-situ granulation machines mainly target fields with relatively flat terrain and good conditions for machine operation, and there are problems such as large equipment volume, high power, and high costs. In particular, the existing mobile straw in-situ collection and granulation machines on the market are mainly wheeled, with huge volumes, and can only granulate corn straw. Small harvesters can only separate the grains, while the straw can only be completely left in the farmland and requires further manual processing, which is time-consuming and laborious. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a device for converting a small harvester into a straw collection and granulation device and a collection and granulation method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A straw collection and granulation device for a small harvester, comprising a harvester main body, a cutting table assembly and a drive assembly. The cutting table assembly is arranged at the left end of the harvester main body, and the drive assembly is arranged at the upper end of the harvester main body. The drive assembly includes an engine. It is characterized in that a transmission assembly, a feeding assembly and a granulation assembly are provided on the harvester main body. The feeding assembly is connected to the right end of the cutting table assembly. The feeding assembly includes a feeding frame body and a conveying mechanism. A first feeding port is provided at the left end of the feeding frame body, and the first feeding port is connected to the cutting table assembly. The feeding frame body is inclined upward to the right, and a first discharge port with an opening downward is provided at the right end of the feeding frame body. The conveying mechanism includes a first drive shaft and a first driven shaft. The first drive shaft is arranged at the lower end of the feeding frame body, and first sprockets are provided at both ends of the first drive shaft. The first driven shaft is arranged at the upper end of the feeding frame body, and second sprockets are provided at both ends of the first driven shaft. The first sprockets and the second sprockets are connected by a first chain, and a number of first pressing rods are evenly arranged on the first chain. The granulation assembly is arranged at the right end of the harvester main body and corresponds to the lower part of the first discharge port. One end of the transmission assembly is connected to the engine, and the other end of the transmission assembly is connected to the first drive shaft.

[0007] Further, the transmission assembly includes a first transmission mechanism. The first transmission mechanism includes a first main shaft and a second main shaft. A first transmission wheel is provided at the front end of the first main shaft. The engine is arranged at the front end of the harvester main body. The engine is provided with a first output shaft, and a second transmission wheel is provided on the first output shaft. The first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are connected by a first transmission belt. A third transmission wheel is provided at the rear end of the first main shaft. A first support frame is provided at the left end of the feeding frame body. The second main shaft is arranged on the first support frame. A fourth transmission wheel is provided at the rear end of the second main shaft. The third transmission wheel and the fourth transmission wheel are connected by a second transmission belt. The front end of the first drive shaft passes through the feeding frame body and is provided with a fifth transmission wheel. A sixth transmission wheel is provided at the front end of the second main shaft. The fifth transmission wheel and the sixth transmission wheel are connected by a third transmission belt.

[0008] Further, the transmission assembly includes a second transmission mechanism. The second transmission mechanism includes a first speed reducer. A first input shaft is provided at the rear end of the first speed reducer, and a seventh transmission wheel is provided at the rear end of the first input shaft. An eighth transmission wheel is provided at the rear end of the first main shaft. The seventh transmission wheel and the eighth transmission wheel are connected by a fourth transmission belt. The granulation assembly includes a granulator main body. A second output shaft is provided at the right end of the first speed reducer, and a second input shaft is provided at the lower end of the granulator main body. The second output shaft and the first input shaft are connected by a coupling.

[0009] Further, a first mounting rod is hinged to the rear end of the harvester main body. A first pressing wheel is provided at the end of the first mounting rod. The first pressing wheel is matched with the second conveyor belt. A first spring is connected to the middle of the first mounting rod. A first mounting member is provided at the rear end of the harvester main body. The other end of the first spring is connected to the first mounting member.

[0010] Further, the first pressing rod is C-shaped, and a plurality of first notches are evenly provided at the end of the first pressing rod away from the first chain.

[0011] A method for converting a small harvester into straw collection and granulation includes the following steps:

[0012] Step S1: First, drive a conventional harvester into the farmland to harvest grains. After the conventional harvester separates and collects the grains, the conventional harvester discharges the threshed straw into the farmland. Then drive the harvester main body into the farmland, and the harvester main body re-collects the straw through the cutting table main body.

[0013] Step S2: While the engine drives the cutting table main body to send the straw into the feeding frame body, the first main shaft is driven to rotate through the cooperation of the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel. The second main shaft is driven to rotate through the cooperation of the third transmission wheel and the fourth transmission wheel. The first driving wheel is driven to rotate through the cooperation of the fifth transmission wheel and the sixth transmission wheel. Control the rotation of the first chain to drive the first pressing rod to press and drive the straw to slowly move upward.

[0014] Step S3: The straw is driven by the first pressing rod to the upper end of the feeding frame body and falls into the granulation assembly through the first discharge port. The engine drives the first input shaft to rotate through the cooperation of the seventh transmission wheel and the eighth transmission wheel, thereby driving the second output shaft to rotate and driving the granulation assembly to granulate the straw.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the small harvester converted into straw collection and granulation device and its collection and granulation method disclosed by the present invention have the beneficial effects that: taking a small crawler harvester as the main body for improvement, the function conversion from threshing operation to straw collection and granulation operation can be realized without additional power, with flexible operation and strong adaptability; compared with large machinery, the advantage of this device lies in its miniaturized design, which is especially suitable for operating in small plots in the south; as long as the plot area is not less than 1 mu, the flat die granulation of pure rice straw and in-situ discharging in the field can be efficiently completed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a perspective of a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the harvester main body of a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission assembly of the preferred embodiment provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding frame of the preferred embodiment provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the conveying mechanism of the preferred embodiment provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first pressure rod of the preferred embodiment provided by the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals include: 100, harvester main body; 110, cutting table assembly; 120, granulation assembly; 130, engine; 131, first output shaft; 132, first transmission wheel; 210, first main shaft; 211, second transmission chain; 212, third transmission wheel; 213, seventh transmission wheel; 220, first support frame; 221, second main shaft; 222, fifth transmission wheel; 223, fourth transmission wheel; 230, first reducer; 231, first input shaft; 232, eighth transmission wheel; 233, second output shaft; 241, first conveyor belt; 242, second conveyor belt; 243, third conveyor belt; 244, fourth conveyor belt; 250, first mounting rod; 251, first pressing wheel; 252, first spring; 300, feeding frame; 310, first drive shaft; 311, first sprocket; 312, sixth transmission wheel; 320, first driven shaft; 321, second sprocket; 330, first chain; 340, first pressure rod; 341, first notch. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The present invention discloses a small harvester modified straw collection and granulation device and its collection and granulation method. The following further describes the specific implementation manners of the present invention in conjunction with preferred embodiments.

[0024] Referring to the attached drawings Figure 1-6 , Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a perspective view of the preferred embodiment provided by the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the harvester main body 100 of the preferred embodiment provided by the present invention, Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission assembly of the preferred embodiment provided by the present invention, Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding frame 300 of the preferred embodiment provided by the present invention, Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the conveying mechanism of the preferred embodiment provided by the present invention, Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pressure rod 340 of the preferred embodiment provided by the present invention.

[0025] Preferred Embodiment

[0026] This embodiment provides a straw collection and granulation device for modifying a small harvester, including a harvester main body 100, a cutter bar assembly 110 and a drive assembly. The cutter bar assembly 110 is arranged at the left end of the harvester main body 100, and the drive assembly is arranged at the upper end of the harvester. The drive assembly includes an engine 130. It is characterized in that a transmission assembly, a feeding assembly and a granulation assembly 120 are provided on the harvester main body 100. The feeding assembly is connected to the right end of the cutter bar assembly 110. The feeding assembly includes a feeding frame body 300 and a conveying mechanism. A first feeding port is provided at the left end of the feeding frame body 300, and the first feeding port is connected to the cutter bar assembly 110. The feeding frame body 300 is inclined upward to the right. A first discharge port with an opening downward is provided at the right end of the feeding frame body 300. The conveying mechanism includes a first driving shaft 310 and a first driven shaft 320. The first driving shaft 310 is arranged at the lower end of the feeding frame body 300. First sprockets 311 are provided at both ends of the first driving shaft 310. The first driven shaft 320 is arranged at the upper end of the feeding frame body 300. Second sprockets 321 are provided at both ends of the first driven shaft 320. The first sprockets 311 and the second sprockets 321 are connected by a first chain 330. A number of first pressing rods 340 are evenly arranged on the first chain 330. The granulation assembly 120 is arranged at the right end of the harvester main body 100 and corresponds to the lower part of the first discharge port. One end of the transmission assembly is connected to the engine 130, and the other end of the transmission assembly is connected to the first driving shaft 310.

[0027] Further, the transmission assembly includes a first transmission mechanism, and the first transmission mechanism includes a first main shaft 210 and a second main shaft 221. A first transmission wheel 132 is provided at the front end of the first main shaft 210. The engine 130 is disposed at the front end of the harvester main body 100. The engine 130 is provided with a first output shaft 131, and a second transmission wheel is provided on the first output shaft 131. The first transmission wheel 132 and the second transmission wheel are connected by a first conveyor belt 241. A third transmission wheel 212 is provided at the rear end of the first main shaft 210. A first support frame 220 is provided at the left end of the feeding frame body 300. The second main shaft 221 is disposed on the first support frame 220. A fourth transmission wheel 223 is provided at the rear end of the second main shaft 221. The third transmission wheel 212 and the fourth transmission wheel 223 are connected by a second conveyor belt 242. The front end of the first drive shaft 310 passes through the feeding frame body 300 and is provided with a fifth transmission wheel 222. A sixth transmission wheel 312 is provided at the front end of the second main shaft 221. The fifth transmission wheel 222 and the sixth transmission wheel 312 are connected by a third conveyor belt 243.

[0028] Further, the transmission assembly includes a second transmission mechanism, and the second transmission mechanism includes a first speed reducer 230. A first input shaft 231 is provided at the rear end of the first speed reducer 230. A seventh transmission wheel 213 is provided at the rear end of the first input shaft 231. An eighth transmission wheel 232 is provided at the rear end of the first main shaft 210. The seventh transmission wheel 213 and the eighth transmission wheel 232 are connected by a fourth conveyor belt 244. The granulation assembly 120 includes a granulator main body. A second output shaft 233 is provided at the right end of the first speed reducer 230. A second input shaft is provided at the lower end of the granulator main body. The second output shaft 233 and the first input shaft 231 are connected by a coupling.

[0029] Further, a first mounting rod 250 is hinged to the rear end of the harvester main body 100. A first pressing wheel 251 is provided at the end of the first mounting rod 250. The first pressing wheel 251 is matched with the second conveyor belt 242. A first spring 252 is connected to the middle of the first mounting rod 250. A first mounting member is provided at the rear end of the harvester main body 100. The other end of the first spring 252 is connected to the first mounting member.

[0030] Further, the first pressing rod 340 is in a C shape, and a plurality of first cutouts 341 are uniformly provided at one end of the first pressing rod 340 away from the first chain 330.

[0031] This embodiment also provides a method for converting a small harvester into a straw collection and granulation machine, including the following steps:

[0032] Step S1: First, drive a conventional harvester into the farmland to harvest grains. After the conventional harvester separates and collects the grains, it arranges the straw after threshing in the farmland. Then drive the harvester main body 100 into the farmland, and the harvester main body 100 re-collects the straw through the cutter bar main body.

[0033] Step S2: While the engine 130 drives the cutter bar main body to send the straw into the feeding frame 300, it drives the first main shaft 210 to rotate through the cooperation of the first transmission wheel 132 and the second transmission wheel, drives the second main shaft 221 to rotate through the cooperation of the third transmission wheel 212 and the fourth transmission wheel 223, drives the first driving wheel to rotate through the cooperation of the fifth transmission wheel 222 and the sixth transmission wheel 312, controls the rotation of the first chain 330, and drives the first pressing rod 340 to press and drive the straw to move slowly upward.

[0034] Step S3: The straw is driven by the first pressing rod 340 to the upper end of the feeding frame 300 and falls into the granulation assembly 120 through the first discharge port. The engine 130 drives the first input shaft 231 to rotate through the cooperation of the seventh transmission wheel 213 and the eighth transmission wheel 232, thereby driving the second output shaft 233 to rotate, and driving the granulation assembly 120 to granulate the straw.

[0035] It should be noted that the harvester main body 100 is a crawler full-feed combine harvester, produced by Zoomlion Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd., with the model 4LZT-6Z1, and the engine 130 model is 4C6-120C31. This harvester has a crawler chassis, is diesel-powered, can perform flat die granulation, and realizes direct current discharging. The granulation assembly 120 is a 400-type feed granulator of Zhengzhou Duoluo Machinery Co., Ltd. Compared with many other granulators that cannot granulate rice straw, the quality of the Duoluo 400-type feed granulator is better and can be used for granulating rice straw.

[0036] Driven by the first output shaft 131 of the engine 130, this application can be directly improved in the old harvester without additional power output. On the one hand, the cooperation between the first transmission wheel 132 and the second transmission wheel drives the first main shaft 210 to rotate, the cooperation between the third transmission wheel 212 and the fourth transmission wheel 223 drives the second main shaft 221 to rotate, and the cooperation between the fifth transmission wheel 222 and the sixth transmission wheel 312 drives the first driving wheel to rotate, controlling the rotation of the first chain 330, driving the first pressing rod 340 to press and drive the straw to slowly move upward. On the other hand, the cooperation between the seventh transmission wheel 213 and the eighth transmission wheel 232 drives the first input shaft 231 to rotate, thereby driving the second output shaft 233 to rotate and driving the granulation assembly 120 to granulate the straw. That is, the straw collection and granulation device of the harvester in this application still uses the original engine 130 of the harvester to provide power without additional power supply. The front-end collection is realized through the cutting table assembly, the middle-way transmission is realized through the feeding assembly, and the rear-end crushing and compressing to produce particles are realized through the granulation assembly. It can be applied to small farmlands with an area of 1 mu at least.

[0037] It is worth mentioning that the technical features such as the harvester main body 100 involved in this invention patent application should be regarded as the prior art. The specific structures, working principles, and possible control methods and spatial layout methods of these technical features can be selected conventionally in this field and should not be regarded as the invention points of this invention patent. This invention patent will not be further specifically elaborated.

[0038] For those skilled in the art, the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be equivalently replaced. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw collection and granulation device for a small harvester, comprising a harvester main body (100), a cutter bar assembly (110) and a drive assembly. The cutter bar assembly (110) is arranged at the left end of the harvester main body (100), and the drive assembly is arranged at the upper end of the harvester. The drive assembly includes an engine (130), and is characterized in that, The main body (100) of the harvester is provided with a transmission assembly, a feeding assembly, and a granulating assembly (120). The feeding assembly is connected to the right end of the cutting table assembly (110). The feeding assembly includes a feeding frame body (300) and a conveying mechanism. The left end of the feeding frame body (300) is provided with a first feeding port, and the first feeding port is connected to the cutting table assembly (110). The feeding frame body (300) is inclined upward to the right, and the right end of the feeding frame body (300) is provided with a first discharge port opening downward. The conveying mechanism includes a first driving shaft (310) and a first driven shaft (320). The first driving shaft (310) is arranged at the lower end of the feeding frame body (300), and the two ends of the first driving shaft (310) are provided with first sprockets (311). The first driven shaft (320) is arranged at the upper end of the feeding frame body (300), and the two ends of the first driven shaft (320) are provided with second sprockets (321). The first sprockets (311) and the second sprockets (321) are connected by a first chain (330). A plurality of first pressing rods (340) are evenly arranged on the first chain (330). The granulating assembly (120) is arranged at the right end of the main body (100) of the harvester, and the granulating assembly (120) corresponds to the lower part of the first discharge port. One end of the transmission assembly is connected to the engine (130), and the other end of the transmission assembly is connected to the first driving shaft (310).

2. The straw collecting and granulating device for the small harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that The transmission assembly includes a first transmission mechanism. The first transmission mechanism includes a first main shaft (210) and a second main shaft (221). The front end of the first main shaft (210) is provided with a first transmission wheel (132). The engine (130) is arranged at the front end of the main body (100) of the harvester. The engine (130) is provided with a first output shaft (131), and a second transmission wheel is arranged on the first output shaft (131). The first transmission wheel (132) and the second transmission wheel are connected by a first conveyor belt (241). The rear end of the first main shaft (210) is provided with a third transmission wheel (212). The left end of the feeding frame body (300) is provided with a first support frame (220). The second main shaft (221) is arranged on the first support frame (220). The rear end of the second main shaft (221) is provided with a fourth transmission wheel (223). The third transmission wheel (212) and the fourth transmission wheel (223) are connected by a second conveyor belt (242). The front end of the first driving shaft (310) passes through the feeding frame body (300) and is provided with a fifth transmission wheel (222). The front end of the second main shaft (221) is provided with a sixth transmission wheel (312). The fifth transmission wheel (222) and the sixth transmission wheel (312) are connected by a third conveyor belt (243).

3. The straw collecting and granulating device for the small harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a second transmission mechanism, the second transmission mechanism includes a first speed reducer (230), a first input shaft (231) is provided at the rear end of the first speed reducer (230), a seventh transmission wheel (213) is provided at the rear end of the first input shaft (231), an eighth transmission wheel (232) is provided at the rear end of the first main shaft (210), the seventh transmission wheel (213) and the eighth transmission wheel (232) are connected by a fourth conveyor belt (244), the granulation assembly (120) includes a granulator body, a second output shaft (233) is provided at the right end of the first speed reducer (230), a second input shaft is provided at the lower end of the granulator body, and the second output shaft (233) and the first input shaft (231) are connected by a coupling.

4. The straw collection and granulation device for the small harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that, A first mounting rod (250) is hinged at the rear end of the harvester main body (100), a first pressing wheel (251) is provided at the end of the first mounting rod (250), the first pressing wheel (251) is matched with the second conveyor belt (242), a first spring (252) is connected to the middle of the first mounting rod (250), a first mounting member is provided at the rear end of the harvester main body (100), and the other end of the first spring (252) is connected to the first mounting member.

5. The straw collection and granulation device for the small harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first pressing rod (340) is C-shaped, and a plurality of first cutouts (341) are evenly provided at one end of the first pressing rod (340) away from the first chain (330).

6. A method for converting a small harvester into a straw collection and granulation device, which is implemented according to the small harvester converted straw collection and granulation device described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step S1: First, drive a conventional harvester into the farmland to harvest grains. After the conventional harvester separates and collects the grains, the conventional harvester discharges the threshed straw in the farmland, drive the harvester main body (100) into the farmland, and the harvester main body (100) re-collects the straw through the cutting table main body. Step S2: While the engine (130) drives the cutting table main body to send the straw into the feeding frame body (300), drive the first main shaft (210) to rotate through the cooperation of the first transmission wheel (132) and the second transmission wheel, drive the second main shaft (221) to rotate through the cooperation of the third transmission wheel (212) and the fourth transmission wheel (223), drive the first driving wheel to rotate through the cooperation of the fifth transmission wheel (222) and the sixth transmission wheel (312), control the rotation of the first chain (330), and drive the first pressing rod (340) to press and drive the straw to move slowly upward. Step S3: The straw is driven by the first pressing rod (340) to the upper end of the feeding frame body (300), and falls into the granulation assembly (120) through the first discharge port. The engine (130) drives the first input shaft (231) to rotate through the cooperation of the seventh transmission wheel (213) and the eighth transmission wheel (232), thereby driving the second output shaft (233) to rotate, and driving the granulation assembly (120) to granulate the straw.

Images