Cultivation device and method suitable for growth of sea grass

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of planting, in particular to a cultivation device and method suitable for sea grass growth, the cultivation device comprises a planting groove and a controller, the planting groove is used for planting sea grass, and a driving part is arranged at the bottom of the planting groove and used for driving the planting groove to ascend and descend; the controller is in signal connection with a liquid level sensor which is used for detecting the sea surface height; the controller is used for controlling the driving piece to drive the planting groove to ascend and descend according to the height of the sea surface, and switching the states that the sea grass is completely immersed in the sea water, semi-immersed in the sea water and completely exposed in the air; a growth regulation and control function is preset in the controller, and the controller controls the time points and duration of complete immersion in seawater, semi-immersion in seawater and complete exposure in air of the sea grass according to the growth regulation and control function. By the adoption of the technical scheme, the time points and duration of the states that the sea grass is completely immersed in the seawater, semi-immersed in the seawater and completely exposed in the air are controlled, and growth of the sea grass is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cultivation, and specifically relates to a cultivation device and method suitable for the growth of seagrasses. Background Art

[0002] Seagrasses originated from terrestrial angiosperms, and most of them evolved from the same angiosperm 70 million years ago and re-entered the ocean millions of years ago and formed their own unique living habits. This has created an obvious difference between them and other plant groups that migrated into the marine ecosystem, such as salt marsh plants, mangroves, and algae: at any stage of their evolutionary history, the species abundance has not exceeded 100 species.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, CN117204326A discloses an artificial waterweed cultivation device for water ecological restoration, which supplements oxygen to waterweeds by pumping air into and releasing it at the roots of waterweeds. CN108178312B discloses a composite fiber artificial waterweed oxygenation and aeration device, which pumps gas into the water through an aeration pipe and releases it.

[0004] Most seagrasses grow in the coastal waters, and they will exist in three states: completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to the air with the change of seawater tides. For example, common seagrasses in the South China Sea such as Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, and Halophila ovalis, etc., their growth rate may be affected by the time ratio of the three states in their growth environment. Therefore, a cultivation device and method suitable for the growth of seagrasses are needed to control the duration of the three states of being completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to the air to achieve the best seagrass growth state. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a cultivation device and method suitable for the growth of seagrasses, which are used to promote the growth of seagrasses by controlling the time points and durations of the three states of seagrasses being completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to the air.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A cultivation device suitable for the growth of seagrasses, including a planting tank and a controller. The planting tank is used for planting seagrasses, and a driving member is provided at the bottom of the planting tank, and the driving member is used to drive the planting tank to lift and lower;

[0007] The controller is signal-connected to a liquid level sensor, and the liquid level sensor is used to detect the sea surface height;

[0008] The controller is used to control the driving member to drive the planting tank to lift and lower according to the sea surface height, and switch the three states of seagrasses being completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to the air;

[0009] The controller is pre-set with a growth regulation function, which is used to represent the relationship between the seagrass growth rate and the time distribution of the three states of seagrass. The growth regulation function is obtained based on the monitoring of the growth conditions of seagrass in the laboratory. The controller controls the time points and durations when the seagrass is fully submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and fully exposed to air according to the growth regulation function.

[0010] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects: In this scheme, the driving member can be used to drive the planting tank to lift, so as to simulate the switching of the growth environment state of seagrass caused by the ebb and flow of the tide in the natural environment in the way of the active lifting of the planting tank. Seagrass will grow exposed to air after the ebb tide and grow submerged in seawater after the flood tide. Therefore, the tide is one of the factors affecting the growth and reproduction of seagrass.

[0011] Plants use photosynthesis to synthesize nutrients. Therefore, light intensity and temperature are one of the main reasons affecting plant growth. Seagrass grows under the sea surface, and the light it receives and the ambient temperature are lower than those in the area above the sea surface. However, since seagrass is an aquatic plant, if it is exposed to air for too long, the photosynthetic rate will decrease due to water stress, which will affect the metabolism of seagrass and even cause the death of seagrass. Seagrass photosynthesis can rely on carbon dioxide in the air and bicarbonate in seawater respectively, and different seagrass varieties have different absorption performances for them. The absorption efficiency of some seagrass in the area above the sea surface for bicarbonate attached in seawater is higher than that for carbon dioxide in the air. Therefore, in order to keep seagrass growing at a high speed, it can be achieved by regulating the time points and durations when it is in the three states of being fully submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and fully exposed to air.

[0012] In this scheme, the controller is used to regulate the control strategy based on the growth regulation function. The controller strategy is designed according to the laboratory test results of different seagrass species, so that the seagrass can grow faster than in the natural environment through the back-and-forth switching of the three states during planting.

[0013] In this scheme, the planting tank is deployed in the natural sea area, so it is also affected by the change of the sea surface height in the natural sea area. The liquid level sensor can detect the change of the sea surface height, so as to perform dynamic lifting control based on the change of the sea surface height to adapt to the ebb and flow of the tide.

[0014] Furthermore, the planting tank is provided with an external extension frame, and a camera is fixedly connected to the external extension frame. The camera is used to obtain the image of the seagrass in the planting tank.

[0015] Beneficial effect: The growth of seagrass is affected by multiple factors. Therefore, setting up a camera is convenient for collecting the growth process of seagrass.

[0016] Furthermore, the controller is used to obtain the seagrass image and identify the growth height, width, color and markings of the seagrass based on image recognition technology.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The controller can identify information such as the growth height, width, color, and markings of seagrass based on the growth conditions of the seagrass, thereby understanding the growth of the seagrass.

[0018] Furthermore, image recognition records the growth height and width of seagrass in a state where the seagrass is completely submerged in seawater; the color and markings are separately recorded for data in three states: completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to air, and the average value of the data recorded in the three states is taken.

[0019] Beneficial effects: Since seagrass is divided into states such as submerged in seawater and exposed to air, its physical form will also be different. For example, seagrass submerged in seawater will be more relaxed and floating, while exposed to air, it will collapse and wither due to the loss of buoyancy support. Image recognition records the growth height and width of seagrass in a state where it is completely submerged in seawater, which is more representative than when exposed to air. The color and markings are separately recorded for data in three states: completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to air, for a comprehensive assessment considering factors such as light, moisture, and occlusion.

[0020] Furthermore, the controller is used to judge the growth stage of seagrass based on the growth height, width, color, and markings of the seagrass, and the growth regulation functions are separately located at different growth stages of the seagrass for monitoring and recording the growth conditions.

[0021] Beneficial effects: Different growth stages of plants require different amounts of light, moisture, and nutrients. Among them, light and moisture are affected by the lifting and lowering of the planting tank. Therefore, the growth regulation functions need to be refined according to different growth stages of seagrass to achieve a more suitable growth effect.

[0022] Furthermore, the controller is used to raise the bottom of the planting tank to 20 - 50 cm above the sea surface based on the sea surface height so that the seagrass is in a state of being completely exposed to air; the controller is used to position the top of the planting tank at half of the growth height of the seagrass below the sea surface based on the growth height of the seagrass, so that the seagrass is semi-submerged in seawater; the controller is used to position the top of the seagrass at 20 - 50 cm above the sea surface based on the growth height of the seagrass, so that the seagrass is completely submerged in seawater.

[0023] Beneficial effects: In addition to the sea surface rising and falling, seagrass also grows taller and longer. Therefore, when performing lifting and lowering control, it is also necessary to combine the seagrass height to complete the switching of the three states.

[0024] Furthermore, the planting tank includes a tank body, a planting sediment is provided inside the tank body, a restraint net is sleeved on the surface of the planting sediment, the restraint net is detachably connected to the tank body, and a number of perforations are provided on the tank body, and filter meshes are provided in the perforations.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The underwater sediment is theoretically compact so as to remain underwater without loosening and spreading, but this will reduce air permeability and is not conducive to the growth of seagrass. The sediment from top to bottom consists of coral fragments, coral sand, and sediment. This structure simulates the natural scheme, not only meeting the type of sediment required for seagrass growth, but also reducing the suspension of sediment. The restraint net can further play a role in stabilizing the planted sediment, so that the planted sediment can be looser in a non-spreading state to improve air permeability. The perforations can discharge the seawater in the tank, so that after the planting tank is lifted to the sea surface, the seawater inside can be discharged. The filter screen can reduce the diffusion and suspension of the planted sediment when the seawater is discharged.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes a solar floating board. The solar floating board includes a floating body. A solar panel is provided on the top of the floating body, and a storage battery is provided inside the floating body. The controller, the driving member, the liquid level sensor, and the camera are all electrically connected to the solar floating board.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The solar floating board can float on the sea surface and provide energy by converting sunlight into electric energy.

[0028] Furthermore, the controller is signal-connected to a wireless component, and the wireless component is used for remote communication;

[0029] The controller is used to judge the growth status of seagrass according to the growth height, width, color, and markings of seagrass, and obtain the growth status of seagrass in the planting tanks in other sea areas under the same climate through remote communication. According to the relative increase or decrease amplitude of the growth status, judge the inhibitory or promoting effect of the sea area environment where the controller is located on the growth of seagrass, and evaluate the sea area environment.

[0030] Beneficial effects: Since the growth of seagrass is affected by changes in the marine environment, the pollution status of this sea area can be judged through the growth situation of seagrass. The wireless component is used for remote communication, so as to facilitate users to collect the pollution situations of different sea areas.

[0031] A cultivation method suitable for seagrass growth includes:

[0032] Step 1, select a seagrass variety. The seagrass variety is selected to grow on the coast, and can be immersed in the sea and can also be exposed to the air.

[0033] Step 2, transplant the seagrass to the laboratory. Use the plants growing in the natural sea area as the control group, and divide them into several experimental groups according to different time points and durations in three states of being completely immersed in seawater, semi-immersed in seawater, and completely exposed to the air.

[0034] Step 3, according to the cultivation results of the experimental groups, select the control condition data with the fastest seagrass growth rate, generate a growth regulation function and burn it into the controller.

[0035] Step 4: Deploy the planting tank in the sea area. After the ebb tide, the depth of the deployed sea area is at least 1 m. Fix the driving member to the seabed and plant seagrass in the planting tank.

[0036] Step 5: According to the seagrass growth status information fed back by the controllers in each sea area through the wireless components, judge the pollution degree of each sea area.

[0037] Beneficial effects: Through the lifting control of the planting tank, seagrass can be separated from the natural ebb and flow of the tide, and grow according to the three-state switching law that can maximize the growth rate, so that the seagrass can mature quickly and be convenient for transplantation. Since the transplantation of seagrass is to improve the marine ecological environment, through the feedback and comparison of the wireless components, whether it is suitable for seagrass growth can be used as a judgment of the pollution degree of the sea area.

[0038] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partly given in the following description, partly will become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 Isometric schematic diagram of the embodiment of the cultivation device suitable for seagrass growth of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 Side view schematic diagram of the embodiment of the cultivation device suitable for seagrass growth of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the steps of the embodiment of the cultivation method suitable for seagrass growth of the present invention.

[0042] Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: 1, planting tank; 2, driving member; 3, liquid level sensor; 4, external extension frame; 5, camera; 6, perforation; 7, floating body; 8, solar panel. Detailed Embodiments

[0043] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0047] As shown in the attached Figures 1 - 3 figures: A cultivation device suitable for seagrass growth includes a planting tank 1 and a controller. The planting tank 1 is used for planting seagrass. A driving member 2 is bolted to the bottom of the planting tank 1. The driving member 2 can be a hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder, a lead screw, a ballast tank, etc. The driving member 2 is used to drive the planting tank 1 to rise and fall.

[0048] The planting tank 1 includes a tank body. There is planting sediment in the tank body. A restraint net is sleeved on the surface of the planting sediment. The restraint net is detachably connected to the tank body. A number of perforations 6 are provided on the tank body, and filter nets are provided in the perforations 6.

[0049] The controller is signal-connected to a liquid level sensor 3. The liquid level sensor 3 is used to detect the sea surface height. The liquid level sensor 3 is a static pressure input type liquid level transmitter.

[0050] An external extension frame 4 is bolted to the planting tank 1. A camera 5 is bolted to the external extension frame 4. The camera 5 is designed for waterproofness. The camera 5 is used to obtain the image of the seagrass in the planting tank 1.

[0051] It further includes a solar floating board. The solar floating board includes a floating body 7. A solar panel 8 is provided on the top of the floating body 7. A storage battery is provided in the floating body 7. The controller, the driving member 2, the liquid level sensor 3 and the camera 5 are all electrically connected to the solar floating board.

[0052] Image recognition records the growth height and width of seagrass in a state of being completely submerged in seawater; the color and markings are separately recorded for data in three states: completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to air, and the average value of the recorded data in the three states is taken.

[0053] The controller is used to control the driving member 2 to lift the planting tank 1 according to the sea level height, and switch the three states of seagrass being completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to air;

[0054] The controller is used to raise the bottom of the planting tank 1 to 20 - 50 cm above the sea level based on the sea level height so that the seagrass is in a state of being completely exposed to air; the controller is used to make the top of the planting tank 1 be at half of the growth height of the seagrass below the sea level based on the growth height of the seagrass, so that the seagrass is semi-submerged in seawater; the controller is used to make the top of the seagrass be at 20 - 50 cm above the sea level based on the growth height of the seagrass, so that the seagrass is completely submerged in seawater.

[0055] A growth regulation function is preset in the controller. The growth regulation function is used to represent the relationship between the growth rate of seagrass and the time distribution of the three states of seagrass. The growth regulation function is obtained based on the monitoring of the growth status of seagrass in the laboratory. The controller controls the time points and durations when the seagrass is completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to air according to the growth regulation function.

[0056] The controller is used to judge the growth stage of seagrass according to the growth height, width, color, and markings of the seagrass. The growth regulation function is used to separately monitor and record the growth status at different growth stages of seagrass.

[0057] The controller is signal-connected to a wireless component, and the wireless component is used for remote communication;

[0058] The controller is used to judge the growth status of seagrass according to the growth height, width, color, and markings of the seagrass, and obtain the growth status of seagrass in the planting tank 1 in other sea areas under the same climate through remote communication. According to the relative increase or decrease range of the growth status, it judges the inhibitory or promoting effect of the sea area environment where the controller is located on the growth of seagrass and evaluates the sea area environment.

[0059] The specific implementation process is as follows: The driving member 2 can be used to drive the planting trough 1 to lift, so as to simulate the switching of the growth environment state of seagrass caused by the ebb and flow of the tide in the natural environment in the way of the active lifting of the planting trough 1. Seagrass will grow exposed to the air after the ebb tide and grow submerged in seawater after the flood tide. Therefore, the tide is one of the factors affecting the growth of seagrass. Plants use photosynthesis to synthesize nutrients. Therefore, light intensity and temperature are one of the main reasons affecting plant growth. Seagrass grows under the sea surface, and the light it receives and the ambient temperature are lower than those in the area above the sea surface. However, since seagrass is an aquatic plant, if it is exposed to the air for too long, its photosynthesis will decline due to water stress, resulting in metabolic imbalance and even death. Therefore, some seagrass will enhance photosynthesis based on the increase in light and temperature after being exposed to the air, and after a period of time, due to water stress, the photosynthesis will decline and the photosynthesis will be lower than when submerged in seawater. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the switching of the three states according to different seagrass varieties.

[0060] Seagrass photosynthesis can rely on carbon dioxide in the air and bicarbonate in seawater respectively. Different seagrass varieties have different absorption properties for them. For some seagrass, the efficiency of absorbing bicarbonate in the attached seawater in the area above the sea surface is higher than the efficiency of absorbing carbon dioxide in the air. For example, when seaweed is exposed to the air, the concentration in the atmosphere is unsaturated for its photosynthesis. While for some higher submerged plants when exposed to the air, it can only use carbon dioxide in the air as a carbon source, and carbon dioxide in the air may be a more abundant carbon source for bicarbonate in seawater.

[0061] Therefore, in order to keep the seagrass growing at a high speed, it can be achieved by regulating the time points and durations of its three states of being completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to the air.

[0062] The controller is used to regulate the control strategy based on the growth regulation function. The controller strategy is designed according to the laboratory test results of different seagrass varieties, so that the seagrass can grow faster than in the natural environment through the back-and-forth switching of the three states during planting.

[0063] The planting trough 1 is deployed in the natural sea area, so it is also affected by the change of the sea surface height in the natural sea area. The liquid level sensor 3 can detect the change of the sea surface height, so as to perform dynamic lifting control based on the change of the sea surface height to adapt to the ebb and flow process.

[0064] The growth of seagrass is affected by multiple factors. Therefore, a camera 5 is set up to facilitate the collection of the growth process of seagrass. The controller can identify information such as the growth height, width, color, and markings of seagrass according to its growth condition, so as to understand the growth situation of seagrass. Since seagrass is divided into states such as submerged in seawater and exposed to air, its physical form will also be different. For example, seagrass submerged in seawater will be more fluttering, while when exposed to air, due to the loss of buoyancy support, it will collapse and wither. Image recognition will record the growth height and width of seagrass in the state of being completely submerged in seawater, which is more representative than when exposed to air. The color and markings are separately recorded for data in three states: completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to air, so as to comprehensively evaluate the situation of light, moisture, occlusion, etc.

[0065] The lifting of the planting tank 1 may affect the diffusion and resuspension of the planting sediment in the tank. In theory, the relatively compact soil underwater can remain underwater without loosening and spreading, but this will reduce air permeability and is not conducive to the growth of aquatic plants. The sediment from top to bottom consists of coral fragments, coral sand, and sediment. This structure simulates the natural plan, which not only meets the type of sediment required for seagrass growth but also reduces the suspension of sediment. The restraint net can further play a role in stabilizing the planting sediment, so that the planting sediment can be looser without spreading, thereby improving air permeability. The perforations 6 can drain the seawater in the tank, so that when the planting tank 1 is lifted to the sea surface, the internal seawater can be drained. The filter screen can reduce the diffusion and suspension of the planting sediment when the seawater is drained. In other embodiments, the planting tank 1 includes a tank body, in which there is planting sediment. The bottom substrate from the surface layer to the bottom layer is successively coral fragments, coral sand, and sediment. Among them, the coral fragments are broken finger-shaped dead corals and other loose fragments of aged raw materials, with a diameter of 2 - 30 millimeters. The coral sand is all or part of the broken granular dead coral reefs with a diameter not greater than 2 millimeters. The sediment particle size is less than 2000 μm. A restraint net is sleeved on the surface of the planting sediment, and the restraint net is detachably connected to the tank body. A number of perforations 6 are opened on the tank body, and filter screens are arranged in the perforations 6.

[0066] The solar floating board can float on the sea surface and provide energy by converting sunlight into electricity. The solar floating board is restrained by an anchor chain and is kept away from the planting tank 1 to reduce collisions.

[0067] Since the growth of seagrass is affected by changes in the marine environment, the pollution status of this sea area can be judged by the growth situation of seagrass. The wireless component is used for remote communication, so as to facilitate users to collect the pollution situations of different sea areas.

[0068] More specifically, a growth regulation function for specific seagrass types (such as common Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii, Zostera marina, etc.) is preset in the controller. Taking Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii as an example, its growth regulation function is constructed through long-term and detailed monitoring, data collection, and analysis of the growth conditions of Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii by simulating various natural environmental conditions in the laboratory. This function accurately reflects the relationship between the growth rate of Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii and the precise time distribution of its three states: completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to air.

[0069] In the laboratory research stage, a series of precise experimental devices were set up to simulate the rhythm of tidal ebb and flow and control the degree and duration of seawater immersion of Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii. At the same time, high-precision sensors and monitoring equipment were used to comprehensively record various physiological indexes of Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii at different growth stages, including but not limited to photosynthesis rate, respiration intensity, nutrient absorption rate, etc. These data serve as the key basis for constructing the growth regulation function.

[0070] The mathematical expression form of the growth regulation function can be initially set as: V = aT1 + bT2 + cT3 + d, where V represents the growth rate of Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii, T1, T2, and T3 respectively represent the durations of Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii being completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to air, a, b, and c are the coefficients affecting the growth rate in the corresponding states, and these coefficients are obtained by fitting through complex mathematical methods such as regression analysis based on a large amount of experimental data. d is the fixed influence term considering the comprehensive influence of other constant environmental factors (such as the base value of seawater temperature, base light intensity, seawater salinity, etc.) on the growth rate. The controller precisely controls the time points and durations of Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii in the three states according to this growth regulation function. For example, in the seedling stage of Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii, it is experimentally verified that when it is kept completely submerged in seawater for 22 hours per day, i.e., T1 = 22, semi-submerged in seawater for 1 hour, i.e., T2 = 1, and completely exposed to air for 1 hour, i.e., T3 = 1, it can maximize its initial growth. At this time, the controller will accurately control the lifting and lowering of the planting tank according to this time distribution rule.

[0071] Moreover, the controller can determine the growth stage of Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii in real time based on their growth height, width, color, and markings. As Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii grows, its requirements for light, water, carbon dioxide, and bicarbonate vary significantly at different stages. During the seedling stage, it has a relatively low light requirement and is more dependent on the stable temperature and nutrient supply in seawater. At this time, the coefficients a, b, and c in the growth regulation function tend to ensure that it has enough immersion time in seawater to absorb nutrients. In the rapid growth stage, Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii needs more light and air contact to improve photosynthesis efficiency, and the coefficients in the function are adjusted accordingly to appropriately increase the time it is exposed to air and in a semi-immersed state to meet the growth requirements. By monitoring and recording the individual growth conditions of Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii at different growth stages, the growth regulation function is continuously optimized to ensure that Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii is always on the best growth trajectory.

[0072] For other seagrasses such as Zostera marina, similar in-depth studies are also carried out in the laboratory based on their respective biological characteristics and ecological habits to construct exclusive growth regulation functions to achieve precise control of their growth status and assist in the efficient cultivation of seagrasses.

[0073] A cultivation method suitable for seagrass growth includes:

[0074] Step 1: Select a seagrass variety that grows on the coast and can be immersed in the sea and exposed to the air.

[0075] Step 2: Transplant the seagrass to the laboratory. Use the plants growing in the natural sea area as the control group, and divide it into several experimental groups according to the entry time points and durations of three different states: completely immersed in seawater, semi-immersed in seawater, and completely exposed to the air.

[0076] Step 3: According to the cultivation results of the experimental groups, select the control condition data with the fastest seagrass growth rate, generate a growth regulation function, and burn it into the controller.

[0077] Step 4: Deploy the planting tank 1 in the sea area. After the tide ebbs, the depth of the deployed sea area is at least 1 m. Fix the driving part 2 to the seabed and plant seagrasses in the planting tank 1.

[0078] Step 5: Based on the seagrass growth status information fed back by the controller in each sea area through the wireless component, judge the pollution degree of each sea area.

[0079] The lifting and lowering control of the planting trough 1 can separate the seaweed from the natural ebb and flow, and the seaweed can grow in three states that can maximize the growth rate, so that the seaweed can mature quickly and be transplanted. Since seaweed transplantation is to improve the ecological environment of the sea area, the feedback comparison of the wireless components can be used to judge the degree of pollution of the sea area based on whether it is suitable for seaweed growth.

[0080] The controller is pre-set with a growth control function for a specific type of seaweed. Taking the sea calamus or taylorhizon as an example, its growth control function is constructed by simulating a variety of natural environmental conditions in the laboratory, and conducting long-term and detailed monitoring, data collection and analysis of the growth conditions of the sea calamus or taylorhizon. This function accurately reflects the precise time distribution relationship between the growth rate of the sea calamus or taylorhizon and its three states of being completely immersed in seawater, semi-immersed in seawater and completely exposed to the air.

[0081] During the laboratory research phase, the degree and time of immersion of Acorus calamus or Tayloeca in seawater were controlled by simulating the rhythm of tidal rise and fall. At the same time, monitoring equipment was used to comprehensively record various physiological indicators of Acorus calamus or Tayloeca at different growth stages, including but not limited to photosynthesis rate, respiration intensity, nutrient absorption rate, etc. These data served as the key basis for constructing the growth regulation function.

[0082] Complete exposure to the air can promote gas exchange. After being freed from the seawater, seagrass is in direct contact with the air, and the stomata on the surface of the leaves can absorb carbon dioxide more efficiently, providing sufficient raw materials for photosynthesis. For example, during the exposure period, the efficiency of obtaining carbon dioxide required for photosynthesis of eelgrass can be increased by 30%-40%. It can also accelerate water transpiration. Under sunlight, the water on the surface of seagrass evaporates rapidly, prompting the roots to strengthen the absorption of nutrients in seawater to replenish the physiological needs caused by water loss, thereby promoting the overall metabolism of the plant. In addition, resisting biological invasion and temporarily leaving the seawater environment can reduce the attachment and invasion of some aquatic parasites and algae to seagrass. For example, during the exposure period, the probability of sea calamus or Tailai grass being attached to Enteromorpha is reduced by about 25%. It may also activate the expression of special genes. The stimulation of the air environment will promote the expression of genes related to stress resistance in seagrass, enhancing its adaptability to the changing marine environment.

[0083] Semi-submerged in seawater can optimize light utilization. Part of the seaweed is exposed to the air to receive direct light, and part of it is immersed in seawater to use transmitted light. This combination of light conditions can fully meet the photosynthesis needs of leaves in different parts and improve the utilization rate of light energy. It can also balance water and nutrients, not only absorbing necessary minerals and trace elements from seawater, but also avoiding the problem of root hypoxia caused by long-term complete immersion, and maintaining the balance of water and nutrients in the plant. It can also promote microbial symbiosis. In the semi-submerged state, a unique microenvironment will be formed on the surface of seaweed, attracting beneficial microorganisms to attach and grow. These microorganisms can decompose the organic matter around the seaweed, release nutrients that can be directly absorbed by the seaweed, and inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms. It can also buffer environmental changes. In the transition stage between high tide and low tide, the semi-submerged state provides a buffer for seaweed, allowing it to gradually adapt to changes in seawater temperature, salinity and light intensity, and reduce the adverse effects of drastic environmental fluctuations on growth.

[0084] Being completely immersed in seawater can stabilize the supply of nutrients. Seawater is rich in a variety of nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. When fully immersed, the roots and leaves of seaweed can fully absorb these nutrients to meet their growth and development needs. It can also provide buoyancy support. The buoyancy of seawater can reduce the gravity burden of seaweed itself, so that its stems and leaves can remain stretched, which is conducive to photosynthesis and material transportation. It can also regulate the temperature environment. Seawater has a large specific heat capacity and can effectively regulate the temperature, creating a relatively stable growth temperature environment for seaweed and avoiding damage to seaweed caused by sudden changes in temperature. It can also promote material exchange. Under the action of seawater flow, metabolic waste around seaweed can be taken away in time, while fresh seawater and dissolved oxygen are continuously replenished to maintain a good growth environment.

[0085] Based on this growth control function, the controller accurately controls the time points and durations of the three states of the sea calamus or the taylor grass. In addition, the controller can judge the growth stage of the sea calamus or the taylor grass in real time based on its growth height, width, color and pattern. As the sea calamus or the taylor grass grows, its needs for light, water, carbon dioxide and bicarbonate are completely different at different stages. In the seedling stage, its demand for light is relatively low, and it relies more on the stable temperature and nutrient supply in the seawater. At this time, the value of the coefficient in the growth control function will tend to ensure that it has enough immersion time in the seawater to absorb nutrients; and in the rapid growth period, the sea calamus or the taylor grass needs more light and air contact to improve the efficiency of photosynthesis. The coefficient in the function is adjusted accordingly, so that its exposure to the air and the time of semi-immersion state are appropriately increased to meet the growth needs.

[0086] By monitoring and recording the individual growth conditions of Acorus calamus or Talc grass at different growth stages, the growth regulation function is continuously optimized to ensure that Acorus calamus or Talc grass is always on the best growth trajectory.

[0087] For other seagrasses such as eelgrass, similar in-depth research is also carried out in the laboratory according to their respective biological characteristics and ecological habits to construct exclusive growth regulation functions, so as to achieve precise control of their growth states and assist in the efficient cultivation of seagrasses.

[0088] In other embodiments, taking common seagrasses in Hainan, namely Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii, as examples, combined with the environmental indicators and monitoring requirements in the "Technical Regulations for the Ecological Restoration of Seagrass Beds", the following quantitative embodiments are constructed:

[0089] 1. Quantification of environmental indicators and adaptation of growth regulation functions

[0090] According to the marine environmental suitability assessment indicators, the environmental parameters of the target restoration area for Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii (medium-sized seagrasses) need to meet: sediment type: sandy mud or muddy sand; sediment quality: total organic carbon ≤ 1.0%, sulfide ≤ 300 mg / kg (meeting the first-class standard of GB 18668).

[0091] Marine hydrology: light transmittance ≥ 20%; flow velocity ≤ 0.3 m / s; salinity: medium salinity (20 - 30‰); water depth: ≤ 2 m during high tide (lower intertidal zone); seawater quality: total suspended solids ≤ 10 mg / L, inorganic nitrogen ≤ 0.3 mg / L, reactive phosphate ≤ 0.045 mg / L (meeting the second-class standard of GB 3097).

[0092] In the optimization of the growth regulation function, for the seedling stage of Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii (stem and branch height < 10 cm), the growth regulation function is adjusted to: V = 0.8T1 + 1.2T2 + 0.3T3 + 0.3;

[0093] The meanings of the parameters are:

[0094] T1 (fully submerged): 24 hours a day, corresponding to a seawater light transmittance ≥ 30%, water temperature 20 - 25 °C, promoting the absorption of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus by the roots (monitored by GB / T 12763.9).

[0095] T2 (half-submerged): 1 hour a day, with the top 1 / 2 of the seagrass exposed, using air CO2 to improve photosynthetic efficiency (photosynthetic rate increased by 25 - 30%).

[0096] T3 (fully exposed): 2 hours a day, controlling the leaf transpiration rate < 5 mg / (m 2 ·s), avoiding water stress (referring to the "water stress threshold" in DB 46 / T XXXX).

[0097] Then, disease monitoring and growth stage intervention are carried out. According to the tracking and monitoring requirements in the regulations, a disease identification module is added to the controller, and early warning is achieved by combining image recognition and environmental data:

[0098] Monitoring indicators include: abnormal leaf color. By identifying yellowing leaves through a camera (RGB value deviating from the normal range by ±15%), it is determined as nitrogen deficiency or insufficient light (refer to HY / T 083). Pattern characteristics. By detecting brown spots on the leaves (area > 5% of the leaf area), it is determined as infection by pathogenic bacteria (such as the genus Labyrinthula). Sudden drop in growth rate. When the growth rate V < 0.2 cm / d for 3 consecutive days, combined with water temperature > 30°C or salinity > 35‰, it is determined as high temperature / high salinity stress.

[0099] The intervention strategies for the above situations are as follows: Nutrient deficiency response. The total immersion time is increased by 10 minutes each time, and a nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient solution (concentration ≤ 1 mg / L, meeting GB 3097) is injected through the perforations (6) at the bottom of the planting tank.

[0100] Disease control. The total exposure time is extended to 10 minutes, and ultraviolet light (UV-B radiation) is used to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. At the same time, a biological fungicide (such as Bacillus subtilis, concentration 1×106 CFU / mL) is remotely triggered to be sprayed by a drone through the wireless component (9).

[0101] Environmental stress. The emergency lifting and lowering mode is activated, and the planting tank is maintained in a semi-immersed state (half of the seagrass height immersed in water) until the water temperature < 28°C or the salinity < 32‰.

[0102] According to the evaluation indicators, the restoration effects of Enhalus acoroides or Thalassia hemprichii are quantified as follows:

[0103] Survival rate: ≥ 85% after 3 months of transplantation (full score reference value 100%).

[0104] Coverage: Reaches 15% after 6 months (medium seagrass reference value 10%).

[0105] Density of macrobenthos: Increases by 120% after 1 year of restoration (reference value 100%).

[0106] The controller transmits the above data to the management platform through the wireless component (9), and dynamically adjusts the proliferation and release plan (such as releasing snails to control algae, referring to SC / T 9401) in combination with the "Biological Restoration Measures for Seagrass Beds" in the regulations.

[0107] During the implementation process, it is also necessary to adapt the structure of the planting tank. For sandy mud bottom, a stainless steel mesh layer with a pore size of 2 mm is added below the restraint net (7) to prevent bottom sediment loss (corresponding to the requirement of "stabilizing the bottom sediment" in the regulations). The filter screen of the perforations (6) is upgraded to a replaceable nylon mesh (pore size 0.5 mm), and debris is regularly cleaned to maintain smooth water flow (referring to the measure of "removing solid waste" in the regulations).

[0108] Next is the adjustment of the power of the solar floating panel. According to the average annual light intensity in Hainan (2000 - 2500 h / year), the area of the solar panel (8) is expanded to 2 m 2 , and the battery capacity is increased to 500 Ah to meet the additional power consumption of the disease monitoring module (such as the ultraviolet lamp at night).

[0109] Through the above supplements, the patented technical solution is linked with the local standard, realizing the quantitative control of environmental indicators, the accurate identification of diseases, and the assessable ecological effects, meeting the principles of "scientificity, feasibility, and operability" in the regulations, and improving the growth efficiency of seagrass planting.

[0110] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples given for clear illustration and not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation device suitable for the growth of seagrasses, characterized in that, It includes a planting trough (1) and a controller. The planting trough (1) is used for planting seagrass. A driving member (2) is provided at the bottom of the planting trough (1), and the driving member (2) is used to drive the planting trough (1) to lift and lower. The controller is signal-connected to a liquid level sensor (3), and the liquid level sensor (3) is used to detect the sea surface height. The controller is used to control the driving member (2) to drive the planting trough (1) to lift and lower according to the sea surface height, and switch the seagrass among three states: completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to the air. A growth regulation function is preset in the controller. The growth regulation function is used to represent the relationship between the seagrass growth rate and the time distribution of the seagrass in the three states. The growth regulation function is obtained based on the monitoring of the seagrass growth status in the laboratory. The controller controls the time points and durations of the seagrass being in the states of completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to the air according to the growth regulation function.

2. The cultivation device suitable for seagrass growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planting trough (1) is provided with an external extension frame (4), and a camera (5) is fixedly connected to the external extension frame (4). The camera (5) is used to obtain an image of the seagrass in the planting trough (1).

3. The cultivation device suitable for seagrass growth according to claim 2, characterized in that, The controller is used to obtain the seagrass image and identify the growth height, width, color, and markings of the seagrass based on image recognition technology.

4. The cultivation device suitable for seagrass growth according to claim 3, characterized in that, Image recognition records the growth height and width of the seagrass in the state of being completely submerged in seawater. The color and markings are separately recorded for data in the three states of being completely submerged in seawater, semi-submerged in seawater, and completely exposed to the air, and the average value of the recorded data in the three states is taken.

5. The cultivation device suitable for seagrass growth according to claim 4, wherein The controller is used to judge the seagrass growth stage according to the growth height, width, color, and markings of the seagrass. The growth regulation function separately monitors and records the growth status at different seagrass growth stages.

6. The cultivation device suitable for seagrass growth according to claim 5, characterized in that, The controller is used to raise the bottom of the planting trough (1) to 20 - 50 cm above the sea surface based on the sea surface height so that the seagrass is in the state of being completely exposed to the air; the controller is used to make the top of the planting trough (1) be at half of the growth height of the seagrass below the sea surface based on the growth height of the seagrass, so that the seagrass is semi-submerged in seawater; the controller is used to make the top of the seagrass be at 20 - 50 cm above the sea surface based on the growth height of the seagrass, so that the seagrass is completely submerged in seawater.

7. The cultivation device suitable for seagrass growth according to claim 6, characterized in that, The planting trough (1) includes a trough body. Planting sediments are provided in the trough body. The bottom sediment from the surface layer to the bottom layer is sequentially coral fragments, coral sand, and sediment. Among them, the coral fragments are broken finger-shaped dead coral aged loose fragments with a diameter of 2 - 30 mm, the coral sand is all or part of the broken granular dead coral reef material with a diameter not greater than 2 mm, and the sediment particle size is less than 2000 μm. A restraint net is sleeved on the surface of the planting sediments, and the restraint net is detachably connected to the trough body. A number of louvers (6) are opened on the trough body, and filter nets are provided in the louvers (6).

8. The cultivation device suitable for seagrass growth according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a solar floating board. The solar floating board includes a floating body (7). A solar panel (8) is provided on the top of the floating body (7). A storage battery is provided in the floating body (7). The controller, the driving member (2), the liquid level sensor (3), and the camera (5) are all electrically connected to the solar floating board.

9. The cultivation device suitable for seagrass growth according to claim 8, characterized in that, The controller is signal-connected to a wireless component, and the wireless component is used for remote communication. The controller is used to judge the growth status of seagrass according to the growth height, width, color and markings of the seagrass, obtain the growth status of seagrass in the planting tank (1) in other sea areas under the same climate through remote communication, and judge the inhibitory or promoting effect of the sea area environment where the controller is located on the growth of seagrass according to the relative increase or decrease range of the growth status, so as to evaluate the sea area environment.

10. A cultivation method suitable for the growth of seagrasses, which is based on the method of the cultivation device suitable for the growth of seagrasses described in claim 9, and is characterized in that, It includes: Step 1: Select the seagrass variety. The selected seagrass variety grows on the coast and can be immersed in the sea and exposed to the air. Step 2: Transplant the seagrass to the laboratory. Use the plants growing in the natural sea area as the control group, and divide it into several experimental groups according to different time points and durations of being completely immersed in seawater, semi-immersed in seawater and completely exposed to the air. Step 3: According to the cultivation results of the experimental groups, select the control condition data with the fastest seagrass growth rate, generate a growth regulation function and burn it into the controller. Step 4: Deploy the planting tank (1) in the sea area. The depth of the deployed sea area is at least 1m after the ebb tide. Fix the driving part (2) to the seabed and plant seagrass in the planting tank (1). Step 5: Judge the pollution degree of each sea area according to the seagrass growth status information fed back by the controller through the wireless component in each sea area.

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