Method for incubating larvae of macrobrachium rosenbergii by using underground well water

Abstract

The invention provides a method for incubating larvae of macrobrachium rosenbergii by utilizing underground well water, which comprises the following steps: removing calcium and magnesium ions in the underground well water by adopting a chemical precipitation method to prepare treated well water; mixing the treated well water with external river water to form basic seedling culture water; basic seedling culture water is added into the seedling culture pond, then quicklime and bleaching powder are added, and the basic seedling culture water is disinfected; artificial salt is added into the disinfected basic seedling culture water, and artificial seawater is prepared; larvae of macrobrachium rosenbergii are stocked in artificial seawater, and breeding production is carried out. According to the method, through systematic integration of cooperative utilization of underground well water and external river water, a seasonal dynamic disinfection strategy and multi-dimensional seedling raising environment accurate regulation and control, the incubation effect of macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae is remarkably improved, and the physicochemical indexes of water quality are better, the growth of the larvae is faster, the metamorphosis development is faster, and the survival rate is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a method for hatching Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae, and more particularly to a method for hatching Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae using underground well water. Background Art

[0002] Macrobrachium rosenbergii is an important economic aquaculture species, which is characterized by fast growth, large size, high nutritional value, etc., and is widely cultured globally. However, the seedling stage of Macrobrachium rosenbergii has extremely strict requirements for water quality, and the quality of water directly affects the survival rate, growth rate and development success rate of larvae.

[0003] In the current Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling industry, external river water is often used as the main hatching water source. However, with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, external river water bodies generally face serious pollution problems. The discharge of domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and agricultural non-point source pollution leads to an increase in the content of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, heavy metals, etc. in the external river water, and at the same time, the risk of breeding of pathogenic microorganisms (such as Vibrio, Aeromonas, etc.) increases significantly. The instability of this water quality easily causes stress reactions in larvae, resulting in a decrease in feeding rate, weakened immunity, and even large-scale diseases (such as white spot disease, tail rot disease, etc.) breaking out, seriously restricting the success rate of seedling raising and economic benefits. Therefore, due to its stability, groundwater can be used as an alternative water source for a good hatching environment. However, the content of calcium and magnesium ions in groundwater is relatively high, and direct use will lead to an increased burden on the osmotic pressure regulation of larvae, abnormal hardening of the carapace, and even affect molting and growth, and it needs to be pretreated before use. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient water treatment method to achieve efficient resource utilization and healthy seedling raising, and provide an ideal hatching environment for Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of unstable water quality in the process of Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling raising in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for hatching Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae using underground well water. By scientifically treating the underground well water and synergistically using the advantages of underground well water and external river water, combined with reasonable seedling raising conditions, the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae during seedling raising is improved.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for hatching Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae using underground well water, which includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Using the chemical precipitation method to remove calcium and magnesium ions in the underground well water to obtain treated well water;

[0007] S2. Mixing the treated well water with external river water at a volume ratio of 1∶0.8 - 1.2 to form basic seedling raising water;

[0008] S3. Add basic seedling-raising water into the seedling-raising pond, and then add 100 - 150 pounds per mu of quicklime and 100 - 150 pounds per mu of bleaching powder to disinfect the water body of the basic seedling-raising water.

[0009] S4. Add artificial salt into the disinfected basic seedling-raising water to prepare artificial seawater with a salinity of 10‰ - 12‰.

[0010] S5. Stock the larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in the artificial seawater for seedling production.

[0011] The present invention first reduces the hardness of underground well water through the chemical precipitation method, and then scientifically combines and utilizes the advantages of underground well water and external river water, overcoming the limitations of a single water source, solving the problem that pure underground well water lacks the nutrients of plankton and organic matter naturally present in external river water, and the problem that it is difficult to ensure the safety of pure external river water due to pollution risks. On this basis, the present invention also precisely controls the salinity (10‰ - 12‰) and ion ratio through artificial preparation, solves the differences in the ion composition of underground well water and external river water from the ideal seawater environment required by the larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and combines a reasonable disinfection plan and seedling-raising conditions to provide an ideal and stable hatching environment for the larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, significantly improving the survival rate and growth rate of the larvae compared with a single water source, and providing technical support for the large-scale and healthy cultivation of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

[0012] Preferably, step S1 includes: adding sodium carbonate and phosphate into the underground well water, stirring and then standing for precipitation, and the supernatant is the treated well water.

[0013] Preferably, step S2 includes: mixing the treated well water and the external river water at a volume ratio of 1:1 to form the basic seedling-raising water.

[0014] Preferably, step S3 includes: according to the temperature differences in different months, select the following scheme (1) or (2) for water body disinfection:

[0015] (1) When it is February, add 100 - 110 pounds per mu of quicklime and 100 - 110 pounds per mu of bleaching powder;

[0016] (2) When it is from March to May, add 140 - 150 pounds per mu of quicklime and 140 - 150 pounds per mu of bleaching powder.

[0017] Traditional disinfection schemes (such as using bleaching powder alone) are difficult to flexibly adjust according to seasonal pathogen differences, resulting in incomplete disinfection or excessive drug residues. Therefore, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, according to the temperature differences in different months, the disinfection strategy is optimized to balance the bactericidal effect and ecological safety. Under the relatively low temperature conditions in February, since the activity of pathogenic microorganisms in the water body is relatively low and the infection risk is small, reducing the dosage of quicklime and bleaching powder can achieve the prevention and control effect, while avoiding the negative impact of drug residues on the larvae. From March to May, as the temperature rises, the pathogens enter the high-incidence period, and the pollution risk of the external river water source increases. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the disinfection intensity to prevent disease outbreaks. This disinfection scheme ensures the disinfection effect in different seasons and avoids the risk of drug residues by dynamically adjusting the dosage.

[0018] Preferably, step S4 includes: adding 10 - 11 kg of sodium chloride, 3 - 3.1 kg of magnesium sulfate, 360 - 400 g of calcium chloride, 180 - 200 g of potassium chloride, 20 - 22 g of potassium iodide, and 120 - 130 g of sodium carbonate to each ton of disinfected basic nursery water to prepare artificial seawater.

[0019] Preferably, in step S5, the water temperature condition for the nursery production is 30 - 32 °C.

[0020] Preferably, in step S5, the density condition for the nursery production is stocking 100,000 - 200,000 larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii per cubic meter of artificial seawater.

[0021] Preferably, in step S5, the dissolved oxygen condition for the nursery production is arranging no less than 1 aeration stone per square meter of the nursery pond to ensure sufficient dissolved oxygen.

[0022] Preferably, in step S5, the light condition for the nursery production is not less than 1000 lux to promote the normal development of the larvae.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] The present invention significantly improves the hatching effect of Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae through systematic integration of the coordinated utilization of underground well water and external river water, seasonal dynamic disinfection strategies, and multi-dimensional precise regulation of the breeding environment. First, by optimizing the water source selection, scientifically proportioning the softened underground well water and external river water, it not only gives play to the advantage of stable groundwater quality but also retains the bioactive substances in the external river water, achieving the best balance between water quality stability and ecological activity. Second, in response to the environmental change characteristics of different seasons, adopting a differential disinfection plan ensures both the bactericidal effect and ecological safety. On this basis, the present invention also constructs an ideal hatching environment for Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae by precisely controlling key parameters such as artificial seawater formula, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and light, significantly improving the survival rate and growth rate of the larvae, and providing technical support for the large-scale and healthy breeding of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It shows the differences in physical and chemical indexes during the breeding process of different water sources for Embodiment 1 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-2.

[0027] Figure 3 It shows the growth status of Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings under different water source conditions in Embodiment 1 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-2.

[0028] Figure 4 It shows the metamorphosis development status of Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings under different water source conditions in Embodiment 1 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-2.

[0029] Figure 5 It shows the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings under different water source conditions in Embodiment 1 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other specific implementation manners, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The methods used in the embodiments of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents used can all be obtained from commercial channels.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] This embodiment provides a method for incubating Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae using underground well water, including the following steps:

[0033] S1. Add sodium carbonate and phosphate to the underground well water, stir, and then let it stand for precipitation. The supernatant is the treated well water;

[0034] S2. Mix the treated well water and the external river water at a volume ratio of 1:1 to form the basic nursery water;

[0035] S3. Add the basic nursery water to the nursery pond, and then add 150 catties / mu of quicklime and 150 catties / mu of bleaching powder (the experiment time is March) to disinfect the water body of the basic nursery water;

[0036] S4. Add 10 kg of sodium chloride, 3 kg of magnesium sulfate, 360 g of calcium chloride, 180 g of potassium chloride, 20 g of potassium iodide, and 120 g of sodium carbonate to each ton of the disinfected basic nursery water to prepare artificial seawater with a salinity in the range of 10‰ - 12‰;

[0037] S5. Stock the juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii in the artificial seawater for nursery production; control the water temperature within the range of 30 - 32 °C, control the density condition to stock about 150,000 juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii per cubic meter of artificial seawater, the dissolved oxygen condition is to arrange 2 aeration stones per square meter of the nursery pond, and control the light condition to be not less than 1000 lux.

[0038] After stocking the juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, analyze the physical and chemical indexes of the water body in the nursery pond on the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 21st days after stocking (including COD Mn , NH3-N, NO2-N, pH, TN), and randomly sample the body length and metamorphosis development status of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days after stocking (the sample size n = 8), and measure the survival rate of the seedlings on the 21st day after stocking (survival rate measurement method: direct counting method: survival rate = the number of surviving individuals after a specific time / the total number of initial individuals × 100%; count 3 replicates of each group and calculate the average survival rate). The results are shown in Figures 2 to 5 .

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] This example provides a method for hatching juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii using underground well water, including the following steps:

[0041] S1. Add sodium carbonate and phosphate to the underground well water, stir, and then let it stand for precipitation. The supernatant is the treated well water;

[0042] S2. Mix the treated well water and the external river water at a volume ratio of 1:1 to form the basic nursery water;

[0043] S3. Add the basic nursery water to the nursery pond, and then add 100 catties / mu of quicklime and 100 catties / mu of bleaching powder (the experiment time is February) to disinfect the water body of the basic nursery water;

[0044] S4. Add 10 kg of sodium chloride, 3 kg of magnesium sulfate, 360 g of calcium chloride, 180 g of potassium chloride, 20 g of potassium iodide, and 120 g of sodium carbonate to each ton of disinfected basic seedling-raising water to prepare artificial seawater with a salinity in the range of 10‰ - 12‰.

[0045] S5. Stock the larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in the artificial seawater for seedling production; control the water temperature within the range of 30 - 32°C, control the density condition to stock about 150,000 larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii per cubic meter of artificial seawater, arrange 2 aeration stones per square meter in the seedling-raising pond for the dissolved oxygen condition, and control the light condition not less than 1000 lux.

[0046] Comparative Example 1:

[0047] Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 1 is that step S1 is missing, and only external river water is used as the basic seedling-raising water in step S2, and the other steps are the same. Similarly, on the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 21st days of stocking, the physical and chemical indexes of the water body in the seedling-raising pond are analyzed (including COD Mn , NH3-N, NO2-N, pH, TN), and on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days of stocking, the body length and metamorphosis development status of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings are randomly inspected (sample size n = 8), and the survival rate of the seedlings is measured on the 21st day of stocking (survival rate measurement method: direct counting method: survival rate = number of surviving individuals after a specific time / total number of initial individuals × 100%; count 3 replicates of each group and calculate the average survival rate). The results are shown in Figures 2 to 5 .

[0048] Comparative Example 2:

[0049] Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 2 is that step S1 is missing, and only underground well water is used as the basic seedling-raising water in step S2, and the other steps are the same. Similarly, on the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 21st days of stocking, the physical and chemical indexes of the water body in the seedling-raising pond are analyzed (including COD Mn , NH3-N, NO2-N, pH, TN), and on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days of stocking, the body length and metamorphosis development status of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings are randomly inspected (sample size n = 8), and the survival rate of the seedlings is measured on the 21st day of stocking (survival rate measurement method: direct counting method: survival rate = number of surviving individuals after a specific time / total number of initial individuals × 100%; count 3 replicates of each group and calculate the average survival rate). The results are shown in Figures 2 to 5 .

[0050] According to Figure 2It can be seen that the COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), NO2-N (nitrite nitrogen), and TN (Total Nitrogen) of the water body configured in Example 1 were significantly lower than those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 after 21 days of stocking, indicating that the organic pollution level of the water body configured with equal amounts of underground well water and external river water is lower than that of a single water source, and at the same time has a healthier nitrogen cycle state, reducing the risk of diseases such as the reproduction of harmful bacteria. Figures 3 to 4 It can be seen that the growth and metamorphosis of Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings in the water body configured in Example 1 far exceeds that of the single water source in Comparative Examples 1-2, and is more uniform and stable. Figure 5 It can be seen that the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings in the water body configured in Example 1 can reach 50%, while in the case of a single water source in Comparative Examples 1-2, the survival rate is only about 40%, an increase of 25%. In summary, the breeding effect of Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings in the water body where underground well water and external river water are mixed in equal amounts is significantly better than that of pure underground well water and pure external river water, which is reflected in the better physical and chemical indicators of water quality, faster growth of shrimp seedlings, faster metamorphosis and development, and higher survival rate.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for incubating Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae using underground well water, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Use the chemical precipitation method to remove calcium and magnesium ions in the underground well water to obtain the treated well water; S2. Mix the treated well water with the external river water at a volume ratio of 1∶0.8 - 1.2 to form the basic breeding water; S3. Add the basic breeding water into the breeding pond, and then add 100 - 150 catties / mu of quicklime and 100 - 150 catties / mu of bleaching powder to disinfect the water body of the basic breeding water; S4. Add artificial salt into the disinfected basic breeding water to prepare artificial seawater with a salinity of 10‰ - 12‰; S5. Stock the juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii in the artificial seawater for breeding production.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: Add sodium carbonate and phosphate into the underground well water, stir and then let it stand for precipitation. The supernatant is the treated well water.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Step S2 includes: Mix the treated well water with the external river water at a volume ratio of 1∶1 to form the basic breeding water.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Step S3 includes: According to the temperature differences in different months, select the following option (1) or (2) for water body disinfection: (1) When it is February, add 100 - 110 catties / mu of quicklime and 100 - 110 catties / mu of bleaching powder; (2) When it is from March to May, add 140 - 150 catties / mu of quicklime and 140 - 150 catties / mu of bleaching powder.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Step S4 includes: Add 10 - 11 kg of sodium chloride, 3 - 3.1 kg of magnesium sulfate, 360 - 400 g of calcium chloride, 180 - 200 g of potassium chloride, 20 - 22 g of potassium iodide, and 120 - 130 g of sodium carbonate into each ton of the disinfected basic breeding water to prepare artificial seawater.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S5, the water temperature condition for the breeding production is 30 - 32°C.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the density condition for the breeding production is to stock 100,000 - 200,000 juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii per cubic meter of artificial seawater.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S5, the dissolved oxygen condition for the breeding production is to arrange no less than 1 aeration stone per square meter of the breeding pond.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the light condition for the breeding production is not less than 1000 lux.

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