Fullerene reinforced aluminum-based composite material and laser additive manufacturing method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fullerene reinforced aluminum-based composite material as well as a laser additive manufacturing method and application of the fullerene reinforced aluminum-based composite material. Firstly, fullerene particles and aluminum alloy powder are mixed through ball milling to obtain fullerene particle reinforced aluminum alloy composite powder, then the composite powder is laid on a powder bed, printing parameters are adjusted, and the fullerene particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite is prepared through laser scanning melting and solidification. Fullerene particles can effectively refine crystal grains and structures of aluminum alloy and are dispersed and distributed in an aluminum matrix to play a role in dispersion strengthening, the prepared aluminum-based composite material combines the light weight and high specific strength of aluminum and the mechanical and thermal advantages of fullerene, synergistic improvement between strength and plasticity is achieved, and the strength and plasticity of the aluminum-based composite material are improved. Wide application prospects are realized in the fields of aerospace, electronic packaging, functional materials and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of metal materials, and particularly relates to a fullerene-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, a laser additive manufacturing method thereof, and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum matrix composites combine the advantages of aluminum alloys (low density, high plasticity) and reinforcing phases (high strength, high modulus), and have excellent specific strength, specific stiffness, low thermal expansion coefficient, and wear resistance. With the characteristics of rapid solidification, high precision, and flexible design, the Marangoni effect in the molten pool of the selective laser melting (SLM) technology can promote the uniform dispersion of the reinforcing phase. Currently, aluminum alloys face problems of strength-toughness imbalance and insufficient wear and fatigue resistance in the fields of aerospace (such as skins, engine casings) and new energy vehicles (such as wheels, chassis). Although traditional ceramic particle reinforcement can improve strength, there are problems such as poor wettability, harmful interfacial reactions, and uneven distribution, resulting in a significant decrease in toughness.

[0003] Fullerenes are a class of closed cage-like molecules composed of pure carbon atoms. Their structures are similar to footballs, ellipsoids, or other polyhedrons, and are composed of a combination of five-membered rings and six-membered rings. They are the third pure carbon allotrope after graphite and diamond, with unique molecular structures, good stability, antioxidant properties, and excellent mechanical properties. When combined with an aluminum matrix, high-efficiency load transfer can be achieved through atomic-level bonding at the interface, while avoiding stress concentration problems caused by micron-sized ceramic particles. Therefore, using it as a reinforcing phase can effectively improve the forming quality and mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites.

[0004] Currently, there is little research on using fullerenes as reinforcing phases in metal matrix composites, only powder metallurgy methods, molecular-level mixing methods, etc. There is no report on preparing fullerene-reinforced aluminum matrix composites by the SLM process. In this context, exploring high-performance fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites and their laser additive manufacturing methods to provide key basic material support for high-end equipment manufacturing has significant academic innovation value and engineering application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies and disadvantages of the prior art, the primary object of the present invention is to provide a laser additive manufacturing method for a fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The laser additive manufacturing method of the present invention solves the problems in the prior art such as poor plasticity and premature failure of aluminum matrix composites caused by the limitations of ceramic particles. The process flow chart of the preparation of the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material of the present invention is as Figure 1 shown.

[0006] The second object of the present invention is to provide a fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material prepared by the above manufacturing method.

[0007] The third object of the present invention is to provide an application of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites in the fields of aerospace, electronic packaging, and functional materials.

[0008] The primary object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A laser additive manufacturing method for fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites, comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) Preparation of composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy: Weigh fullerene particles and aluminum alloy powder respectively, and ball-mill and mix them under a protective atmosphere. After ball-milling, sieve and vacuum-dry to obtain the composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy;

[0011] (2) SLM preparation of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites: Spread the composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy obtained in step (1) on the substrate in the forming chamber of the SLM metal 3D printer, preheat the substrate under a protective gas, and adjust the laser power, scanning speed, scanning spacing, and powder layer thickness to make the laser scan and deposit layer by layer on the powder bed to form, and print to prepare the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites.

[0012] Further, in step (1), the aluminum alloy powder is casting aluminum alloy powder or wrought aluminum alloy powder; the fullerene particles include C 60 , C 70 , C 76 , C 78 , C 80 , C 84 .

[0013] Further, the casting aluminum alloy powder is one of Al-Si powder, Al-Cu powder, Al-Mg or Al-Zn powder, and the wrought aluminum alloy is aluminum alloy powder of series 1 to 7 and Al-Li alloy powder.

[0014] Further, in step (1), the mass fraction of the fullerene particles in the composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy is 0.1% - 1%, and the mass fraction of the aluminum alloy powder in the composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy is 99% - 99.9%.

[0015] Further, in step (1), the particle size of the fullerene particles is 0.1 - 50 μm, and the aluminum alloy powder is spherical with a particle size of 1 - 100 μm.

[0016] Further, in step (1), the ball milling time is 4 - 8 h, the ball milling speed is 120 - 220 rpm, the grinding balls used in ball milling are stainless steel balls or ZrO2 grinding balls, the size of the grinding balls is 2 - 8 mm, and the ball-to-material ratio is 2:1 - 10:1; the protective atmosphere is argon or nitrogen, the drying temperature is 70 - 120 °C, and the drying time is 4 - 6 h.

[0017] Further, in step (2), the substrate is an aluminum alloy plate of series 1 to 7, the protective gas is nitrogen or argon, and the preheating temperature is 120 °C - 200 °C.

[0018] Further, in step (2), the substrate is one of 5083 aluminum alloy plate, 6061 aluminum alloy plate, and 2024 aluminum alloy plate.

[0019] Further, in step (2), the laser power is 270 W - 370 W, the scanning speed is 1100 mm / s - 1600 mm / s, the powder layer thickness is 20 - 75 μm, and the scanning spacing is 110 - 150 μm.

[0020] The second object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0021] A fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is prepared by the above selective laser melting process.

[0022] The third object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0023] An application of a fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material in the fields of aerospace, electronic packaging, and functional materials.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] In the present invention, fullerene particles are used as the reinforcement phase. Combining with the SLM technology, through the action of the Marangoni effect in the molten pool, the fullerene particles are evenly distributed inside the aluminum matrix, avoiding the agglomeration problem of the reinforcement phase, and fully playing the role of fullerene as the heterogeneous nucleation core, greatly promoting the refinement of grains and microstructure, having a good fine grain strengthening effect. The fullerene particles can also effectively hinder the movement of dislocations, playing a role in dispersion strengthening. At the same time, the unique structure of fullerene can form a covalent-metal bond mixed interface with the aluminum matrix. Compared with the brittle intermetallic compound interface between ceramic particles and aluminum, it can transfer loads more effectively. In addition, the property of fullerene capturing free radicals can inhibit the oxidation of the aluminum matrix during the laser forming process, further improving the interface bonding quality, and significantly improving the strength and plasticity of the aluminum matrix composite material. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1Process flow chart of a laser additive manufacturing method for fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites;

[0027] Figure 2 SEM image and surface scan image of the composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy prepared in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 3 SEM image and surface scan image of the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite prepared in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 4 Microstructure morphology diagram of the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite prepared in Example 1 and microstructure morphology diagram of AlSi10Mg prepared in Comparative Example 1;

[0030] Figure 5 Tensile property comparison diagram of AlSi10Mg prepared in Comparative Example 1 and fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite (0.5 wt.% C 60 / AlSi10Mg) prepared in Example 1. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the implementation manners of the present invention are not limited thereto. The materials used in the examples of the present invention can all be obtained by commercial purchase.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A laser additive manufacturing method for fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites includes the following steps,

[0034] (1) Preparation of composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy:

[0035] Weigh fullerene particles and aluminum alloy powder, where the mass fraction of fullerene particles in the two substances is 0.5%, and the rest is aluminum alloy powder. The sizes of the stainless steel balls used are 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm. Weigh the stainless steel balls according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1, add them to the ball mill tank according to a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, mix for 4 h, fill with argon for protection, rotate at a speed of 220 rpm, then pass through a sieve, and dry in a vacuum drying oven at 80 °C for 4 h to obtain the composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy, as Figure 2 SEM image and surface scan image of the composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy; The fullerene particles selected in this example are C 60 , with an average particle size of 20 μm, and the aluminum alloy powder is AlSi10Mg, with a particle size of 15 - 53 μm;

[0036] (2) SLM Preparation of Fullerene Particle Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite: Spread the composite powder in step (1) onto the substrate in the forming chamber of the SLM metal 3D printer. In this example, the substrate selected is a 5083 aluminum alloy plate, preheated to 200 °C, and filled with argon for protection. Perform three-dimensional modeling through Solid works software, import the modeling into the device and set the printing process parameters: laser power is 330 W, scanning speed is 1400 mm / s, powder layer thickness is 30 μm, and scanning spacing is 150 μm.

[0037] The obtained fullerene particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite in this example is subjected to microstructure characterization and room temperature tensile mechanical property testing that meets national standards requirements, such as Figure 3 , the fullerene particles are evenly distributed in the aluminum matrix and the interfacial bonding is good. By comparison Figure 4 , it can be clearly found that the microstructure of the composite material has been greatly refined. Figure 5 By comparing the tensile properties of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it is found that the tensile strength and elongation of the aluminum matrix composite have been greatly improved, increased to 464 MPa and 11.9% respectively.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A laser additive manufacturing method for a fullerene particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite, comprising the following steps,

[0040] (1) Preparation of composite powder of fullerene particle reinforced aluminum alloy:

[0041] Weigh fullerene particles and aluminum alloy powder, where the mass fraction of fullerene particles in the two substances is 0.5%, and the rest is aluminum alloy powder. The sizes of the stainless steel balls used are 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm. Weigh the stainless steel balls according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1, add them to the ball mill tank according to a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, mix for 4 h, fill with argon for protection, rotate at 220 rpm, then pass through a sieve, and dry in a vacuum drying oven at 80 °C for 4 h to obtain the composite powder of fullerene particle reinforced aluminum alloy; the fullerene particles selected in this example are C 70 , with an average particle size of 50 μm, and the aluminum alloy powder is AlSi10Mg, with a particle size of 15 - 53 μm;

[0042] (2) SLM Preparation of Fullerene Particle Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite: Spread the composite powder in step (1) onto the substrate in the forming chamber of the SLM metal 3D printer. In this example, the substrate selected is a 6061 aluminum alloy plate, preheated to 150 °C, filled with argon for protection, perform three-dimensional modeling through Solid works software, import the modeling into the device and set the printing process parameters: laser power is 330 W, scanning speed is 1600 mm / s, powder layer thickness is 30 μm, and scanning spacing is 150 μm.

[0043] The as-prepared fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite in this example was subjected to microscopic structure characterization and room-temperature tensile mechanical property tests that met the national standard requirements. It was significantly found that the tensile strength and elongation were greatly improved, increasing to 455 MPa and 9.7% respectively. Observing the microstructure of the composite material (similar to Figure 3 and 4 ), it was found that there were no obvious defects at the interface and the structure was refined.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] A laser additive manufacturing method for a fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite, comprising the following steps:

[0046] (1) Preparation of a composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy:

[0047] Weigh fullerene particles and aluminum alloy powder, where the mass fraction of fullerene particles in the two substances is 1%, and the rest is aluminum alloy powder. The size of the stainless steel balls used is 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm. Weigh the stainless steel balls according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1, add them to the ball mill tank according to a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, mix for 4 h, fill with argon for protection, rotate at 200 rpm, then pass through a sieve, and dry in a vacuum drying oven at 80 °C for 4 h to obtain a composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy; the fullerene powder selected in this example is C 84 , with an average particle size of 0.1 μm, and the aluminum alloy powder is AlSi10Mg with a particle size of 15 - 53 μm;

[0048] (2) SLM preparation of the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite: Spread the composite powder in step (1) on the substrate of the forming chamber of the SLM metal 3D printer. The substrate selected in this example is a 6061 aluminum alloy plate, preheated to 200 °C, and filled with argon for protection. Perform three-dimensional modeling through Solid works software, import the modeling into the equipment, and set the printing process parameters: laser power is 340 W, scanning speed is 1500 mm / s, powder layer thickness is 30 μm, and scanning spacing is 150 μm.

[0049] The as-prepared fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite in this example was subjected to microscopic structure characterization and room-temperature tensile mechanical property tests that met the national standard requirements. It was significantly found that the tensile strength and elongation were greatly improved, increasing to 527 MPa and 8.7% respectively. The microstructure of the composite material is similar to Figure 3 and 4 .

[0050] Example 4

[0051] A laser additive manufacturing method for fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites, comprising the following steps:

[0052] (1) Preparation of composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy: Weigh fullerene particles and aluminum alloy powder, wherein the mass fraction of fullerene particles in the two substances is 0.1%, and the rest is aluminum alloy powder. The sizes of the stainless steel balls used are 2mm, 4mm, and 6mm. Weigh the stainless steel balls according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1, add them to the ball mill tank according to a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, mix for 4h, fill with argon for protection, rotate at a speed of 220rpm, then pass through a sieve, and dry in a vacuum drying oven at 80°C for 4h to obtain the composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy; The fullerene particles selected are C 78 , with an average particle size of 1μm, and the aluminum alloy powder is AlSi10Mg with a particle size of 15 - 53μm;

[0053] (2) SLM preparation of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites: Spread the composite powder in step (1) onto the substrate of the forming chamber of the SLM metal 3D printer. In this example, the substrate selected is a 5083 aluminum alloy plate, preheated to 200°C, and filled with argon for protection. Perform three-dimensional modeling through Solid works software, import the model into the equipment and set the printing process parameters: laser power is 340W, scanning speed is 1400mm / s, powder layer thickness is 30μm, and scanning spacing is 150μm.

[0054] The obtained fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites in this example are subjected to microscopic structure characterization and room temperature tensile mechanical property tests that meet national standards. It can be significantly found that the tensile strength and elongation rate are greatly improved, increased to 442.5MPa and 7.8% respectively. The microscopic structure of the composite material is similar to Figure 3 and 4 similar.

[0055] Example 5

[0056] A laser additive manufacturing method for fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites, comprising the following steps:

[0057] (1) Preparation of composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy: Weigh fullerene particles and aluminum alloy powder, wherein the mass fraction of fullerene particles in the two substances is 0.7%, and the rest is aluminum alloy powder. The sizes of the stainless steel balls used are 2mm, 4mm, and 6mm. Weigh the stainless steel balls according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1, add them to the ball mill tank according to a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, mix for 4h, fill with argon for protection, rotate at a speed of 220rpm, then pass through a sieve, and dry in a vacuum drying oven at 80°C for 4h to obtain the composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy; The fullerene particles selected in this example are C 70, with an average particle size of 20 μm, the aluminum alloy powder is AlSi10Mg, and the particle size is 15 - 53 μm;

[0058] (2) SLM preparation of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite: Spread the composite powder in step (1) on the substrate of the forming chamber of the SLM metal 3D printer. In this example, the substrate selected is a 6061 aluminum alloy plate, preheated to 200 °C, and filled with argon for protection. Perform three-dimensional modeling through Solid works software, import the modeling into the equipment and set the printing process parameters: the laser power is 350 W, the scanning speed is 1500 mm / s, the powder layer thickness is 30 μm, and the scanning spacing is 150 μm.

[0059] The obtained fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite in this example is subjected to microscopic structure characterization and room temperature tensile mechanical property test meeting the national standard requirements. It can be significantly found that the tensile strength and elongation rate are greatly improved, increasing to 476.9 MPa and 9.7% respectively. The microscopic structure of the composite material is similar to Figure 3 and 4 similar.

[0060] Example 6

[0061] A laser additive manufacturing method for fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite, comprising the following steps:

[0062] (1) Preparation of composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy:

[0063] Weigh fullerene particles and aluminum alloy powder, where the mass fraction of fullerene particles is 0.5%, and the rest is aluminum alloy powder. The sizes of the stainless steel balls used are 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm, and the stainless steel balls are weighed according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1. According to a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, add them to the ball mill tank and mix for 4 h, fill with argon for protection, the rotation speed is 220 rpm, then pass through a sieve, and dry in a vacuum drying oven at 80 °C for 4 h to obtain the composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy; the fullerene particles selected in this example are C 60 , with an average particle size of 0.5 μm, the aluminum alloy powder is AlSi10Mg, and the particle size is 15 - 53 μm;

[0064] (2) SLM preparation of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite: Spread the composite powder in step (1) on the substrate of the forming chamber of the SLM metal 3D printer. In this example, the substrate selected is a 5083 aluminum alloy plate, preheated to 200 °C, and filled with argon for protection. Perform three-dimensional modeling through Solid works software, import the modeling into the equipment and set the printing process parameters: the laser power is 330 W, the scanning speed is 1400 mm / s, the powder layer thickness is 30 μm, and the scanning spacing is 150 μm.

[0065] The obtained fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite in this example was subjected to microscopic structure characterization and room-temperature tensile mechanical property tests that met the national standard requirements. It was significantly found that the tensile strength and elongation were greatly improved, increasing to 546.7 MPa and 15.6% respectively. The microscopic structure of the composite material is similar to Figure 3 and 4 similar.

[0066] Example 7

[0067] A laser additive manufacturing method for a fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite, comprising the following steps:

[0068] (1) Preparation of composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy: Weigh fullerene particles and aluminum alloy powder, where the mass fraction of fullerene particles in the two substances is 0.5%, and the rest is aluminum alloy powder. The sizes of the stainless steel balls used are 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm. Weigh the stainless steel balls according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1, add them to the ball mill tank according to a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, mix for 4 h, fill with argon for protection, rotate at a speed of 200 rpm, then pass through a sieve, and dry in a vacuum drying oven at 80 °C for 4 h to obtain the composite powder of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum alloy; the fullerene particles selected in this example are C 60 , with an average particle size of 5 μm, and the aluminum alloy powder is 6061 with a particle size of 15 - 53 μm;

[0069] (2) SLM preparation of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite: Spread the composite powder in step (1) on the substrate of the forming chamber of the SLM metal 3D printer. The substrate selected in this example is a 6061 aluminum alloy plate, preheat it to 200 °C, and fill with argon for protection. Perform three-dimensional modeling through Solid works software, import the model into the device, and set the printing process parameters: laser power is 330 W, scanning speed is 1500 mm / s, powder layer thickness is 30 μm, and scanning spacing is 150 μm.

[0070] The obtained fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite in this example was subjected to microscopic structure characterization and room-temperature tensile mechanical property tests that met the national standard requirements. It was significantly found that the tensile strength and elongation were greatly improved, increasing to 483.4 MPa and 13.5% respectively. The microscopic structure of the composite material is similar to Figure 3 and 4 similar.

[0071] Example 8

[0072] A laser additive manufacturing method for a fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite, comprising the following steps:

[0073] (1) Preparation of composite powder of fullerene particle reinforced aluminum alloy: Weigh fullerene particles and aluminum alloy powder. The mass fraction of fullerene particles in the two substances is 1%, and the rest is aluminum alloy powder. The sizes of the stainless steel balls used are 2mm, 4mm, and 6mm. Weigh the stainless steel balls according to the mass ratio of 3:2:1, add them to the ball mill tank according to the ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, mix for 4h, fill with argon for protection, and the rotation speed is 200rpm. Then, sieve through a sieve mesh and dry in a vacuum drying oven at 80°C for 4h to obtain fullerene particle reinforced aluminum alloy; the fullerene particles selected in this example are C 84 , with an average particle size of 30μm, and the aluminum alloy powder is 6061, with a particle size of 15 - 53μm;

[0074] (2) SLM preparation of fullerene particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite: Spread the composite powder in step (1) on the substrate of the forming chamber of the SLM metal 3D printer. The substrate selected in this example is a 6061 aluminum alloy plate, preheat it to 200°C, and fill with argon for protection. Perform three-dimensional modeling through Solid works software, import the model into the device and set the printing process parameters: the laser power is 350W, the scanning speed is 1400mm / s, the powder layer thickness is 30μm, and the scanning spacing is 150μm.

[0075] The obtained fullerene particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite in this example is subjected to microscopic structure characterization and room temperature tensile mechanical property test meeting the national standard requirements. It can be significantly found that the tensile strength and elongation rate are greatly improved, increasing to 472.7MPa and 12.4% respectively. The microscopic structure of the composite material is similar to Figure 3 and 4 similar.

[0076] Example 9

[0077] A laser additive manufacturing method for fullerene particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite, comprising the following steps:

[0078] (1) Preparation of composite powder of fullerene particle reinforced aluminum alloy: Weigh fullerene particles and aluminum alloy powder. The mass fraction of fullerene particles in the two substances is 0.5%, and the rest is aluminum alloy powder. The sizes of the stainless steel balls used are 2mm, 4mm, and 6mm. Weigh the stainless steel balls according to the mass ratio of 3:2:1, add them to the ball mill tank according to the ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, mix for 4h, fill with argon for protection, and the rotation speed is 250rpm. Then, sieve through a sieve mesh and dry in a vacuum drying oven at 80°C for 4h to obtain the composite powder of fullerene particle reinforced aluminum alloy; the fullerene particles selected in this example are C 60 , with an average particle size of 10μm, and the aluminum alloy powder is 2024, with a particle size of 15 - 53μm;

[0079] (2) SLM preparation of fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites: Spread the composite powder in step (1) onto the substrate of the forming chamber of the SLM metal 3D printer. In this example, the substrate selected is a 2024 aluminum alloy plate, preheated to 200 °C, and filled with argon for protection. Conduct three-dimensional modeling through Solid works software, and import the model into the equipment to set the printing process parameters: laser power is 350 W, scanning speed is 1600 mm / s, powder layer thickness is 30 μm, and scanning spacing is 150 μm.

[0080] Microstructure characterization and room temperature tensile mechanical property tests meeting national standard requirements were carried out on the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared in this example. It can be significantly found that the yield strength and elongation rate are greatly improved, increasing to 468.3 MPa and 13.6% respectively. The microstructure of the composite material is similar to Figure 3 and 4 similar.

[0081] Comparative Example 1

[0082] In this comparative example, an AlSi10Mg alloy was prepared. The difference from Example 1 is that no fullerene particle reinforcement phase is added, and other preparation steps and printing process flows are the same as those in Example 1.

[0083] Figure 5 Figure showing the tensile property comparison between the AlSi10Mg prepared in Comparative Example 1 and the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite (0.5 wt.% C 60 / AlSi10Mg) prepared in Example 1. It can be seen from this figure that the tensile property of the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite prepared by this invention patent is far superior to the AlSi10Mg alloy prepared in Comparative Example 1.

[0084] The above embodiments are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the implementation manners of the present invention are not limited by the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be equivalent replacement manners and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser additive manufacturing method for fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials, characterized in that It includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of composite powder of fullerene particle reinforced aluminum alloy: Weigh fullerene particles and aluminum alloy powder respectively, and ball-mill and mix them under a protective atmosphere. After the ball-milling is completed, sieve them and then dry them in vacuum to obtain the composite powder of fullerene particle reinforced aluminum alloy; (2) SLM preparation of fullerene particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite: Spread the composite powder of fullerene particle reinforced aluminum alloy obtained in step (1) on the substrate of the forming chamber of the SLM metal 3D printer. Preheat the substrate under a protective gas. Adjust the laser power, scanning speed, scanning spacing and powder layer thickness to make the laser scan and deposit layer by layer on the powder bed to form, and print to prepare the fullerene particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite.

2. The laser additive manufacturing method of the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein The aluminum alloy powder described in step (1) is casting aluminum alloy powder or wrought aluminum alloy powder; the fullerene particles include C 60 , C 70 , C 76 , C 78 , C 80 , C 84 .

3. The laser additive manufacturing method of the fullerene particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cast aluminum alloy powder is one of Al-Si powder, Al-Cu powder, Al-Mg or Al-Zn powder, and the wrought aluminum alloy is aluminum alloy powder from series 1 to 7 and Al-Li alloy powder.

4. The laser additive manufacturing method of the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein In step (1), the mass fraction of the fullerene particles in the composite powder of fullerene particle reinforced aluminum alloy is 0.1% - 1%, and the mass fraction of the aluminum alloy powder in the composite powder of fullerene particle reinforced aluminum alloy is 99% - 99.9%.

5. The laser additive manufacturing method of the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein In step (1), the particle size of the fullerene particles is 0.1 - 50 μm, and the aluminum alloy powder is spherical with a particle size of 1 - 100 μm.

6. The laser additive manufacturing method of the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (1), the ball-milling time is 4 - 8 h, the ball-milling speed is 120 - 220 rpm, the grinding balls used for ball-milling are stainless steel balls or ZrO2 grinding balls, the size of the grinding balls is 2 - 8 mm, and the ball-to-material ratio is 2:1 - 10:1; the protective atmosphere is argon or nitrogen, the drying temperature is 70 - 120 °C, and the drying time is 4 - 6 h.

7. The laser additive manufacturing method of the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein In step (2), the substrate is an aluminum alloy plate from series 1 to 7, the protective gas is nitrogen or argon, and the preheating temperature is 120 °C - 200 °C.

8. The laser additive manufacturing method of the fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the laser power is 270 W - 370 W, the scanning speed is 1100 mm / s - 1600 mm / s, the powder layer thickness is 20 - 75 μm, and the scanning spacing is 110 - 150 μm.

9. A fullerene particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, characterized in that, It is prepared by the laser additive manufacturing method of the fullerene particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An application of the fullerene particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 9 in the fields of aerospace, electronic packaging, and functional materials.

Images