Universal joint shaft head machining equipment and machining method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses universal joint shaft head machining equipment and a machining method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal machining combined equipment. Aiming at the defects that the existing equipment cannot automatically detect the machining precision and needs to manually clean chips, the equipment integrates online detection and self-cleaning functions: an annularly distributed detection structure is adopted, and the rotary scanning detection of the diameter of a shaft part is realized through the cooperation of a notch ring and a laser range finder; when the notch ring spirally moves along the annular guide groove, whole-section detection is completed, and a cutter is synchronously driven for compensation adjustment; the cleaning system drives a bevel gear ring mechanism through friction transmission of a notch ring and a rubber wheel by utilizing a chip removal channel formed by a scraper and an annular guide groove, so that the scraper automatically cleans residual chips when moving downwards in a detection procedure. According to the equipment, machining-detecting-cleaning integrated circulation is achieved, and the machining precision and the autonomous maintenance capacity of the equipment are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal processing combined equipment, and particularly relates to a universal joint shaft head processing equipment and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A rotary universal joint, namely a universal joint, is a mechanical part for realizing variable-angle power transmission and is used in occasions where the direction of the transmission axis needs to be changed. During the production and processing of universal joints, the blank needs to be placed in a cold pressing forming equipment for cold pressing forming, and then the universal joint shaft head is processed by milling, drilling, etc., such as the Chinese utility model patent with the publication number CN115890168B. The above technical solutions have the following defects:

[0003] 1. The prior art uses a composite tool assembly to process the multi-axis part of the universal joint. However, tool wear is inevitable during long-term operation, resulting in a decline in the later processing accuracy. It is necessary to frequently use a vernier caliper for sampling inspection, resulting in an increase in the defective product rate;

[0004] 2. The metal chips generated during processing are likely to accumulate in the processing area, which not only affects the operation stability of the equipment but also requires manual cleaning, increasing the maintenance cost.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention document proposes a universal joint shaft head processing equipment and a processing method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the disadvantages of the existing technology that it is impossible to inspect the processed universal joint and the need for manual regular cleaning of debris, and to propose a universal joint shaft head processing equipment and a processing method thereof.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A universal joint shaft head processing equipment includes a machine shell and four synchronous tool assemblies. A base is fixed at the bottom of the machine shell. A coaxial fixed column is provided at the top of the base. A lower fixture is provided at the top of the fixed column. An upper fixture with the same structure as it is provided above the lower fixture. The upper fixture is connected to the output shaft of a hydraulic cylinder;

[0009] Four synchronous tool assemblies are annularly distributed at the top of the base;

[0010] Four groups of detection structures are annularly arranged at the top of the base. Each group of detection structures includes a cross plate, a U-shaped frame slidably connected to the bottom of the cross plate, and a notch ring rotatably connected to the lower part of the U-shaped frame through a U-shaped plate. A laser rangefinder is provided inside the notch ring;

[0011] The cleaning structure includes an annular material guiding groove and a material discharging groove coaxially arranged with the fixed column. The bottom of the annular material guiding groove is provided with a first material discharging hole and a second material discharging hole communicating with the material discharging groove. A screw conveyor and a material discharging pipe are arranged in the material discharging groove.

[0012] The outer wall of the notch ring is in frictional contact with the rubber wheel drivingly connected to the rotating ring. The rotating ring is in sliding fit with the annular material guiding groove through a scraping plate.

[0013] In a possible design, annular grooves are provided on both sides of the notch ring. Arc-shaped plates slidably matched with the annular grooves are arranged on the inner side of the U-shaped plate. An incomplete toothed ring with a notch is arranged on the outer wall of the notch ring. A spur gear meshing with the incomplete toothed ring is rotatably connected to the U-shaped plate.

[0014] In a possible design, two reciprocating lead screws are provided at the bottom of the cross plate. A second synchronous pulley slidably matched with the spiral groove of the reciprocating lead screw is arranged in the U-shaped frame. The spur gear is connected with a first synchronous pulley that drives the second synchronous pulley to rotate through a synchronous belt.

[0015] In a possible design, a protective shell is provided between the top of the U-shaped plate and the bottom of the U-shaped frame. The synchronous belt is located inside the protective shell.

[0016] In a possible design, a bevel gear ring is fixed at the top of the rotating ring. The rubber wheel is meshed with the bevel gear ring through a bevel gear. The rotating shaft of the rubber wheel rotatably penetrates through the protective ring.

[0017] In a possible design, a clamping groove is provided at the top of the lower clamp, and four V-shaped grooves communicating with the clamping groove are provided on the outer wall. A plurality of connecting rods are fixed to the inner wall of the top of the machine shell. The same mounting disc is fixed to the bottom ends of the plurality of connecting rods. The hydraulic cylinder fixedly penetrates through the mounting disc. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the upper clamp.

[0018] In a possible design, the four cross plates are connected into a fixed ring structure through fixing rods. The fixed ring is sleeved outside the hydraulic cylinder and is driven to lift by a cylinder.

[0019] In a possible design, the outer diameter of the conical plate is equal to the inner diameter of the top of the annular material guiding groove. The end of the scraping plate maintains a gap of 0.5 - 1 mm from the bottom surface of the annular material guiding groove.

[0020] In a possible design, the clearance between the outer edge of the spiral blade of the screw conveyor and the inner wall of the material discharging groove is 0.2 - 0.5 mm. The outlet of the material discharging pipe is inclined downward by 15 - 30°.

[0021] In this application, a processing method for a universal joint shaft head processing device includes the following steps:

[0022] S1. Place the universal joint in the card slot of the lower fixture, and its four shafts are correspondingly embedded in four V-shaped grooves. The hydraulic cylinder drives the upper fixture to press down to complete the clamping. Subsequently, the four groups of synchronous tool assemblies process the four shafts synchronously.

[0023] S2. After the processing is completed, the air cylinder pushes the cross plate downwards, enabling the shaft part of the universal joint to pass through the notch ring to the detection position. The motor drives the spur gear to engage with the incomplete gear ring, driving the notch ring to rotate stably along the annular groove and the arc plate. The laser rangefinder synchronously detects the diameter of the shaft part. Through the transmission of the first synchronous pulley, the second synchronous pulley, and the synchronous belt, the notch ring moves axially along the reciprocating lead screw during revolution, realizing the full-section detection of the shaft part. If the detected data is abnormal, the system automatically adjusts the tool compensation parameters and reworks to ensure the machining accuracy.

[0024] S3. When the synchronous tool assembly processes the universal joint, the debris falls into the discharge groove through the rubber wheel and the first discharge hole. Then the motor drives the auger to rotate, and discharges the debris in the discharge groove to the outside through the discharge pipe.

[0025] S4. When the cross plate moves downwards, the outer wall of the notch ring rubs against the rubber wheel to drive its rotation. Through the meshing transmission of bevel gears, the rotating ring and the scraper are driven to rotate, and the residual debris in the annular guide groove is swept to the discharge groove through the first discharge hole and the second discharge hole, realizing the automatic cleaning of the processing area.

[0026] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, two U-shaped plates are fixed inside the U-shaped frame. The notch ring is between the two U-shaped plates. An incomplete gear ring is fixedly sleeved inside the annular mounting groove. One side inner walls of the two U-shaped plates are both rotatably connected with spur gears, and the spur gears are meshed with the incomplete gear ring. Laser rangefinders are fixedly installed on the mutually adjacent inner walls of the notch ring through bolts. The air cylinder pushes the cross plate downwards, and the shaft part of the universal joint passes through the notch ring and moves to the axis position of the notch ring. The spur gear meshes with the incomplete gear ring to drive the notch ring to rotate, and the diameter of the shaft part of the universal joint is detected by the laser rangefinder, which is convenient for adjusting the tool compensation of the synchronous tool assembly in the later stage and ensuring the machining accuracy of the universal joint.

[0027] In the present invention, two second synchronous pulleys are rotatably connected inside the U-shaped frame. The two second synchronous pulleys are respectively sleeved on the outer walls of the two reciprocating lead screws. One side of each of the two spur gears is fixedly provided with a first synchronous pulley. The first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley are connected by a synchronous belt. The spur gear drives the second synchronous pulley to rotate, and further can drive the notch ring and the laser rangefinder to move while rotating, detecting different positions of the shaft part of the universal joint comprehensively, ensuring the qualified rate of the processed universal joint. When the accuracy of the processed universal joint does not meet the standard, the tool compensation of the synchronous tool assembly can be adjusted in real time and reprocessed to ensure the accuracy of the universal joint.

[0028] In the present invention, one ends of multiple said scraping plates close to each other are fixedly connected to a rotating ring, a bevel gear ring is fixedly arranged at the top end of the rotating ring, rubber wheels are rotatably penetrated through both sides of the protective ring, and bevel gears are fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two rubber wheels; when the air cylinder drives the cross plate to move downward, the outer wall of the notch ring abuts against the outer wall of the rubber wheel, and the frictional force between the notch ring and the rubber wheel drives the rubber wheels and the bevel gears to rotate. The meshing between the bevel gears and the bevel gear ring drives the rotating ring and the scraping plates to rotate, and the scraping plates discharge the debris in the annular material guiding groove into the discharge groove through the first discharge hole and the second discharge hole, thereby automatically completing the cleaning of the debris and ensuring the cleanliness of the machine housing and the base.

[0029] In the present invention, after the universal joint is machined by the synchronous tool assembly, the outer diameter of the shaft part of the universal joint can be detected through the cooperation of the notch ring and the laser rangefinder, so as to ensure the machining accuracy of the workpiece. During the detection process, the tool compensation of the synchronous tool assembly can be adjusted according to the situation, further ensuring the accuracy of the universal joint during long-term machining. In addition, during the detection process of the notch ring and the laser rangefinder, the scraping plates can be driven to clean the debris in the annular material guiding groove, ensuring the cleanliness of the machine housing and the base. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a universal joint shaft head processing device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional sectional structural schematic diagram of a universal joint shaft head processing device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the base, mounting plate and fixing column of a universal joint shaft head processing device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the upper fixture, lower fixture and fixing column of a universal joint shaft head processing device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder, cross plate and fixing ring of a universal joint shaft head processing device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the cross plate, U-shaped frame and notch ring of a universal joint shaft head processing device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the notch ring, U-shaped plate, spur gear and incomplete gear ring of a universal joint shaft head processing device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 The three-dimensional sectional structure schematic diagram of the U-shaped plate and the U-shaped frame of a universal joint spindle machining device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 The three-dimensional sectional structure schematic diagram of the base and the fixed column of a universal joint spindle machining device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 The three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the base, the scraper and the rubber wheel of a universal joint spindle machining device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 The three-dimensional sectional structure schematic diagram of the base of a universal joint spindle machining device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 The three-dimensional sectional exploded structure schematic diagram of the fixed column, the protective ring and the rubber wheel of a universal joint spindle machining device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 1, machine shell; 2, base; 3, fixed column; 4, lower clamp; 5, connecting rod; 6, mounting disc; 7, hydraulic cylinder; 8, upper clamp; 9, clamping groove; 10, V-shaped groove; 11, fixing ring; 12, fixing rod; 13, cross plate; 14, cylinder; 15, moving groove; 16, U-shaped frame; 17, reciprocating lead screw; 18, U-shaped plate; 19, notch ring; 20, laser rangefinder; 21, annular groove; 22, arc plate; 23, annular mounting groove; 24, incomplete gear ring; 25, spur gear; 26, relief groove; 27, first synchronous pulley; 28, second synchronous pulley; 29, protective shell; 30, rotating ring; 31, bevel gear ring; 32, protective ring; 33, rubber wheel; 34, bevel gear; 35, conical plate; 36, scraper; 37, annular material guiding groove; 38, discharge groove; 39, auger; 40, discharge pipe; 41, first discharge hole; 42, second discharge hole; 43, synchronous tool assembly. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0044] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, a processing device, relates to the technical field of universal joint cross shaft manufacturing. The device includes a machine housing 1 and four synchronous tool assemblies 43. A base 2 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the machine housing 1. A fixing column 3 is welded on the top of the base 2, and a lower clamp 4 is welded on the top of the fixing column 3. An upper clamp 8 is provided above the lower clamp 4. The upper clamp 8 has the same structure as the lower clamp 4, and the two cooperate to clamp and fix the universal joint. The four synchronous tool assemblies 43 are arranged in a ring on the top of the base 2 for synchronously processing the shaft part of the universal joint.

[0045] Refer to Figures 2 - 4 , a clamping groove 9 is provided on the top of the lower clamp 4 for positioning the central position of the universal joint. Four V-shaped grooves 10 communicating with the clamping groove 9 are provided on the outer wall of the lower clamp 4 for positioning the shaft part of the universal joint. An upper clamp 8 is provided above the lower clamp 4. The upper clamp 8 has the same structure as the lower clamp 4. A plurality of connecting rods 5 are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the top of the machine housing 1, and the same mounting disc 6 is fixedly provided at the bottom ends of the plurality of connecting rods 5. A hydraulic cylinder 7 is fixedly penetrated in the mounting disc 6, and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper clamp 8. The upper clamp 8 is controlled by the hydraulic cylinder 7 to move up and down to complete the clamping and fixing of the universal joint by the cooperation of the lower clamp 4 and the upper clamp 8.

[0046] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the device is also provided with four groups of detection structures for detecting the outer diameter of the processed universal joint. The detection structure includes a cross plate 13 and a notch ring 19 rotatably provided below the cross plate 13. A moving groove 15 is provided at the bottom of the cross plate 13, and a U-shaped frame 16 is slidably connected in the moving groove 15. U-shaped plates 18 are fixedly provided on the inner walls of the two sides of the U-shaped frame 16 close to each other through bolts. Annular grooves 21 are provided on both sides of the notch ring 19, and two arc-shaped plates 22 are slidably connected in each of the two annular grooves 21. Adjacent two arc-shaped plates 22 are fixedly provided on the inner walls of the two sides of the same U-shaped plate 18 close to each other for enabling the notch ring 19 to rotate stably. An annular mounting groove 23 is provided on the outer wall of the notch ring 19, and an incomplete gear ring 24 is fixedly sleeved in the annular mounting groove 23. Straight gears 25 are rotatably connected to the inner walls of one side of the two U-shaped plates 18, and the straight gears 25 are meshed with the incomplete gear ring 24 for providing driving force for the rotation of the notch ring 19. The notch of the incomplete gear ring 24 corresponds to the notch position of the notch ring 19 so that when the notch ring 19 moves down, the shaft part of the universal joint can extend into the notch ring 19. Laser rangefinders 20 are fixedly provided on the inner walls of the two sides of the notch ring 19 close to each other through bolts for detecting the outer diameter of the shaft part of the processed universal joint when the notch ring 19 rotates.

[0047] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 8, two reciprocating lead screws 17 are also fixed in the moving groove 15, and both two reciprocating lead screws 17 penetrate through the U-shaped frame 16. Two second synchronous wheels 28 are rotatably connected in the U-shaped frame 16. The second synchronous wheels 28 are slidably matched with the spiral grooves on the outer walls of the reciprocating lead screws 17 through sliders, and are used to drive the U-shaped frame 16 to move along the axial direction of the reciprocating lead screws 17 when the second synchronous wheels 28 rotate. A first synchronous wheel 27 is fixed on one side of each of the two spur gears 25. The first synchronous wheels 27 and the second synchronous wheels 28 are connected by a synchronous belt for driving the U-shaped frame 16 to move when the spur gears 25 drive the notch ring 19 to rotate.

[0048] Specifically, start the motor to drive the spur gear 25 to rotate. The spur gear 25 meshes with the incomplete tooth ring 24 to drive the notch ring 19 to rotate. At the same time, the spur gear 25 drives the second synchronous wheel 28 to rotate through the transmission connection of the first synchronous wheel 27, the second synchronous wheel 28 and the synchronous belt, and then drives the U-shaped frame 16 to move along the axial direction of the reciprocating lead screw 17. With the rotation of the notch ring 19 and the movement of the U-shaped frame 16, the laser rangefinder 20 can detect the outer diameter of different positions of the universal joint shaft part. If it is detected that the accuracy of the processed universal joint does not meet the standard, the tool compensation of the synchronous tool assembly 43 is adjusted in real time, and the processing is carried out again until the accuracy of the universal joint meets the requirements.

[0049] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 9 , a cleaning structure is provided in the base 2, including an annular material guiding groove 37 provided at the top of the base 2 and a discharge groove 38 provided in the base 2. The annular material guiding groove 37 and the fixed column 3 are coaxial. The debris generated during the processing will fall into the annular material guiding groove 37 and be discharged from the equipment through the discharge groove 38 to keep the processing environment clean.

[0050] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 9A plurality of scrapers 36 are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed column 3, and one end of each of the scrapers 36 slides and extends into the annular guide groove 37 (a gap of 0.5 mm is maintained between the end of the scraper 36 and the bottom surface of the annular guide groove 37). A conical plate 35 is also fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed column 3, and the conical plate 35 is fixed to the top of the base 2 by bolts. The cross section of the annular guide groove 37 is trapezoidal, and the outer diameter of the conical plate 35 is the same as the inner diameter of the top of the annular guide groove 37. When the synchronous tool assembly 43 processes the universal joint, the conical plate 35 guides the debris into the annular guide groove 37. Two first discharge holes 41 connected to the discharge groove 38 are provided at the bottom of the annular guide groove 37. An auger 39 is rotatably connected in the discharge trough 38 (the clearance between the outer edge of the spiral blade of the auger 39 and the inner wall of the discharge trough 38 is 0.2 mm). A discharge pipe 40 connected to the discharge trough 38 is fixedly penetrated on one side of the base 2, and one end of the discharge pipe 40 is fixedly extended to one side of the housing 1. When the multiple scrapers 36 rotate, the debris accumulated in the annular guide trough 37 can be discharged into the discharge trough 38 through the first discharge hole 41, and then the auger 39 transports the debris to the discharge pipe 40, and finally discharged to the outside. The end of the scraper 36 can be a trapezoidal scraper tooth, a wavy scraper blade or a serrated scraper blade. The trapezoidal scraper tooth is suitable for cleaning powdery debris, the wavy scraper blade has a guiding effect on flaky debris, and the serrated scraper blade can effectively break up agglomerated waste.

[0051] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 The four horizontal plates 13 are fixed with fixing rods 12 on the sides close to each other by bolts, and the same fixing ring 11 is fixed on the ends close to each other of the four fixing rods 12. The fixing ring 11 is sleeved on the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder 7 to connect the four horizontal plates 13 into a whole. Two cylinders 14 are fixedly penetrated in the mounting plate 6, and the output shafts of the two cylinders 14 are fixedly connected to the tops of any two horizontal plates 13 to control the synchronous lifting of the four notched rings 19.

[0052] Reference Figure 8 A side of the U-shaped plate 18 away from the notch ring 19 is provided with a clearance groove 26 for making way for the rotation of the spur gear 25. A protective shell 29 is fixed between the top of the U-shaped plate 18 and the bottom of the U-shaped frame 16 to protect the synchronous belts of the second synchronous wheel 28 and the first synchronous wheel 27.

[0053] The synchronous tool assembly 43 has the same structure as the synchronous tool assembly in the utility model with the announcement number CN115890168B, and will not be described in detail here.

[0054] Example 2: Reference Figure 11, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the improvement is as follows: A rotating ring 30 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the lower fixture 4, and a plurality of scraping plates 36 are fixed on the outer wall of the rotating ring 30. The bottom of the scraping plate 36 is in contact with the inner wall of the bottom of the annular material guiding groove 37. A protective ring 32 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the lower fixture 4. The top end of the rotating ring 30 extends rotatably into the protective ring 32 and is fixed with a bevel gear ring 31. Rubber wheels 33 are rotatably penetrated through both sides of the protective ring 32, and the outer walls of the rubber wheels 33 are in contact with the outer walls of the adjacent notch rings 19. Bevel gears 34 are fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of both rubber wheels 33 and are located inside the protective ring 32, and the bevel gears 34 are meshed with the bevel gear ring 31. Two second discharge holes 42 are provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the annular material guiding groove 37, and the second discharge holes 42 are communicated with the discharge groove 38. The friction surface of the rubber wheel 33 can be processed into three surface treatments: reticulated knurling, axial straight lines or diamond bumps. The Shore hardness of the rubber wheel 33 is preferably selected to be 65-70HA, which can not only ensure sufficient driving torque but also avoid scratching the notch ring 19.

[0055] Specifically, when the cylinder 14 drives the cross plate 13 to move downward, the outer wall of the notch ring 19 is in contact with the outer wall of the rubber wheel 33. The frictional force between the notch ring 19 and the rubber wheel 33 drives the rubber wheel 33 and the bevel gear 34 to rotate. The meshing between the bevel gear 34 and the bevel gear ring 31 drives the rotating ring 30 and the scraping plate 36 to rotate. The scraping plate 36 discharges the debris in the annular material guiding groove 37 into the discharge groove 38 through the first discharge hole 41 and the second discharge hole 42.

[0056] A processing method of a universal joint shaft head processing device includes the following steps:

[0057] S1. Place the universal joint on the lower fixture 4. Place the center position of the universal joint on the clamping groove 9, and place its four shaft parts on the four V-shaped grooves 10 respectively. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 7 pushes the upper fixture 8 to move downward. The cooperation between the upper fixture 8 and the lower fixture 4 completes the clamping and fixing of the universal joint. Then, the four shaft parts of the universal joint are processed by a plurality of synchronous tool assemblies 43 (the specific processing details can refer to the utility model with the publication number CN115890168B);

[0058] S2. After processing, the air cylinder 14 pushes the cross plate 13 downward. The shaft part of the universal joint passes through the notch ring 19 and moves to the axis position of the notch ring 19. Then the motor drives the spur gear 25 to rotate. The spur gear 25 meshes with the incomplete tooth ring 24 to drive the notch ring 19 to rotate. And the notch ring 19 can rotate stably under the constraint of the annular groove 21 and the arc plate 22. As the notch ring 19 rotates, the diameter of the shaft part of the universal joint can be detected by the laser rangefinder 20. In addition, the spur gear 25 drives the second synchronous pulley 28 to rotate through the transmission connection of the first synchronous pulley 27, the second synchronous pulley 28 and the synchronous belt. The second synchronous pulley 28 cooperates with the reciprocating lead screw 17. Thus, it can drive the notch ring 19 and the laser rangefinder 20 to move while rotating, detect different positions of the shaft part of the universal joint, ensure comprehensive detection and the qualified rate of the processed universal joint. When the precision of the processed universal joint does not meet the standard, the tool compensation of the synchronous tool assembly 43 can be adjusted in real time and reprocessed to ensure the precision of the universal joint;

[0059] S3. When the synchronous tool assembly 43 processes the universal joint, the debris falls into the discharge chute 38 through the rubber wheel 33 and the first discharge hole 41. Then the motor drives the auger 39 to rotate, and discharges the debris in the discharge chute 38 to the outside through the discharge pipe 40;

[0060] S4. In addition, when the air cylinder 14 drives the cross plate 13 downward, the outer wall of the notch ring 19 abuts against the outer wall of the rubber wheel 33. The frictional force between the notch ring 19 and the rubber wheel 33 drives the rubber wheel 33 and the bevel gear 34 to rotate. The meshing between the bevel gear 34 and the bevel gear ring 31 drives the rotating ring 30 and the scraper 36 to rotate. The scraper 36 discharges the debris in the annular guide groove 37 into the discharge chute 38 through the first discharge hole 41 and the second discharge hole 42, thus automatically completing the cleaning of the debris and ensuring the cleanliness of the machine shell 1 and the base 2.

[0061] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the hydraulic cylinder 7 and the air cylinder 14 are common knowledge, and they both belong to conventional means or well-known common sense, so they will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art can make any selection according to their needs or convenience.

[0062] The schematic diagrams in the specification of this application are only schematic. The sizes and shapes of the components shown are not actually limited, but only a schematic representation. In the actual implementation process, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific requirements and actual situations.

[0063] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent replacements or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal joint shaft head processing device, comprising a machine housing (1) and four synchronous tool assemblies (43). A base (2) is fixed to the bottom of the machine housing (1). A coaxial fixing column (3) is provided on the top of the base (2). A lower clamp (4) is provided at the top of the fixing column (3). An upper clamp (8) with the same structure as the lower clamp (4) is provided above the lower clamp (4). The upper clamp (8) is connected to the output shaft of a hydraulic cylinder (7). It is characterized in that, It further includes: Four synchronous tool assemblies (43) are annularly distributed on the top of the base (2); Four groups of detection structures are annularly arranged on the top of the base (2). Each group of detection structures includes a cross plate (13), a U-shaped frame (16) slidably connected to the bottom of the cross plate (13), and a notched ring (19) rotatably connected to the lower part of the U-shaped frame (16) through a U-shaped plate (18). A laser rangefinder (20) is arranged on the inner side of the notched ring (19); The cleaning structure includes an annular material guiding groove (37) and a material discharging groove (38) coaxially arranged with the fixed column (3). The bottom of the annular material guiding groove (37) is provided with a first material discharging hole (41) and a second material discharging hole (42) communicating with the material discharging groove (38). A screw conveyor (39) and a material discharging pipe (40) are arranged in the material discharging groove (38); The outer wall of the notched ring (19) is in frictional contact with a rubber wheel (33) driven by a rotating ring (30), and the rotating ring (30) is slidably matched with the annular material guiding groove (37) through a scraping plate (36).

2. The universal joint shaft head processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Annular grooves (21) are arranged on both sides of the notched ring (19). Arc-shaped plates (22) slidably matched with the annular grooves (21) are arranged on the inner side of the U-shaped plate (18). An incomplete toothed ring (24) with a notch is arranged on the outer wall of the notched ring (19), and a spur gear (25) meshing with the incomplete toothed ring (24) is rotatably connected to the U-shaped plate (18).

3. The universal joint shaft head processing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two reciprocating lead screws (17) are arranged at the bottom of the cross plate (13). A second synchronous pulley (28) slidably matched with the spiral groove of the reciprocating lead screw (17) is arranged in the U-shaped frame (16). The spur gear (25) is connected with a first synchronous pulley (27) that drives the second synchronous pulley (28) to rotate through a synchronous belt.

4. A universal joint shaft head processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A protective shell (29) is arranged between the top of the U-shaped plate (18) and the bottom of the U-shaped frame (16), and the synchronous belt is located inside the protective shell (29).

5. The universal joint shaft head processing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, A bevel gear ring (31) is fixed to the top of the rotating ring (30). The rubber wheel (33) is meshed with the bevel gear ring (31) through a bevel gear (34), and the rotating shaft of the rubber wheel (33) rotatably penetrates through the protective ring (32).

6. The universal joint spindle machining equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that A clamping groove (9) is arranged on the top of the lower clamp (4), and four V-shaped grooves (10) communicating with the clamping groove (9) are arranged on the outer wall. A plurality of connecting rods (5) are fixed to the inner wall of the top of the machine shell (1), and the same mounting disc (6) is fixed to the bottom ends of the plurality of connecting rods (5). A hydraulic cylinder (7) is fixedly penetrated through the mounting disc (6), and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper clamp (8).

7. The universal joint spindle machining equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The four cross plates (13) are connected into a fixed ring (11) structure through fixed rods (12). The fixed ring (11) is sleeved outside the hydraulic cylinder (7) and is driven to lift by a cylinder (14).

8. A universal joint spindle machining device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the conical plate (35) is equal to the inner diameter of the top of the annular material guiding groove (37), and a gap of 0.5-1 mm is maintained between the end of the scraping plate (36) and the bottom surface of the annular material guiding groove (37).

9. The universal joint spindle machining equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The gap between the outer edge of the spiral blade of the screw conveyor (39) and the inner wall of the material discharging groove (38) is 0.2-0.5 mm, and the outlet of the material discharging pipe (40) inclines downward by 15-30°.

10. A processing method of a universal joint shaft head processing device, applied to a universal joint shaft head processing device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Place the universal joint in the card slot (9) of the lower fixture (4), and its four shafts are correspondingly embedded in the four V-shaped grooves (10). The hydraulic cylinder (7) drives the upper fixture (8) to press down to complete the clamping. Subsequently, the four groups of synchronous cutting tool assemblies (43) process the four shafts synchronously. S2. After the processing is completed, the air cylinder (14) pushes the cross plate (13) downwards, so that the shaft part of the universal joint passes through the notch ring (19) to the detection position. The motor drives the spur gear (25) to engage with the incomplete toothed ring (24), driving the notch ring (19) to rotate stably along the annular groove (21) and the arc-shaped plate (22). The laser rangefinder (20) synchronously detects the diameter of the shaft part. Through the first synchronous pulley (27), the second synchronous pulley (28), and the synchronous belt drive, the notch ring (19) moves axially along the reciprocating lead screw (17) during revolution, realizing the full-section detection of the shaft part. If the detected data is abnormal, the system automatically adjusts the tool compensation parameters and reworks to ensure the processing accuracy. S3. When the synchronous cutting tool assembly (43) processes the universal joint, the debris falls into the discharge chute (38) through the rubber wheel (33) and the first discharge hole (41). Then the motor drives the auger (39) to rotate, and discharges the debris in the discharge chute (38) to the outside through the discharge pipe (40). S4. When the cross plate (13) moves downwards, the outer wall of the notch ring (19) rubs against the rubber wheel (33) to drive its rotation. Through the meshing transmission of the bevel gears (34), the rotating ring (30) and the scraper (36) are driven to rotate, and the residual debris in the annular guide chute (37) is swept into the discharge chute (38) through the first discharge hole (41) and the second discharge hole (42), realizing the automatic cleaning of the processing area.

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