A friction stir welding device with adjustable spindle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of friction stir welding, and specifically to a friction stir welding device with an adjustable spindle. The present invention includes a spindle mechanism that can adjust the inclination angle around a horizontal axis, the spindle mechanism including a shaft sleeve and a spindle that coaxially rotates in the shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve rotates on the inside of a vertically arranged adjustment sleeve via a radial rotating shaft, and the adjustment sleeve rotates around its own axis and is fitted on a housing. The friction stir welding device also includes a power unit, the power end of which can select one power transmission between spindle inclination adjustment and adjustment sleeve rotation movement; a spindle motor is installed on the housing, and the output end of the spindle motor is connected to the spindle via a universal joint; a first brake assembly for locking the rotation of the adjustment sleeve is also provided on the housing. The present invention has a stable structure and low cost, and can not only realize the horizontal angle swing adjustment of the spindle, but also adjust the inclination direction of the spindle as required.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of friction stir welding, in particular to a friction stir welding device with an adjustable main shaft. Background Art

[0002] Friction stir welding refers to the use of heat generated by friction between a high-speed rotating welding tool and the workpiece to locally soften the material being welded. When the welding tool moves forward along the welding interface, the plasticized material flows from the front to the back of the welding tool under the action of the rotating friction force of the welding tool, and forms a dense solid phase weld under the extrusion of the welding tool.

[0003] During the existing friction stir welding process, the welding process requires adjustments depending on the base material and weld thickness. This often requires adjusting the spindle tilt angle of the friction stir welding equipment. For example, as described in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN116352247A, entitled "A Friction Stir Welding Spindle Tilt Adjustment Device," the tilt adjustment assembly utilizes a worm gear and worm meshing mechanism to drive the spindle for horizontal adjustment around its radial axis. Assuming the spindle's initial axis is a vertical axis, the spindle angle adjustment devices described in the cited patents are often only capable of swinging about a fixed horizontal axis, meaning the spindle's adjustment trajectory always remains within a fixed vertical plane. During friction stir welding, the spindle's tilt must be aligned with the weld's forward direction, which often varies with the weld's trajectory. Therefore, in practice, the spindle's orientation from a bird's-eye view must also be adjusted. In the prior art, in order to adjust the tilt direction of the main shaft, a driving mechanism for driving the main shaft to adjust the tilt direction is often provided, which invisibly increases the cost of the device, and therefore needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to avoid and overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a stir friction welding device with an adjustable spindle, which has a stable structure and low cost. It can not only realize the horizontal angle swing adjustment of the spindle, but also adjust the inclination direction of the spindle as needed.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A stir friction welding device with an adjustable spindle includes a spindle mechanism with an adjustable inclination angle around a horizontal axis, the spindle mechanism includes a sleeve and a spindle coaxially rotatably fitted in the sleeve, the sleeve rotates on the inner side of a vertically arranged adjustment sleeve through a radial rotating shaft, and the adjustment sleeve rotates around its own axis and fits on a box body, the stir friction welding device also includes a power unit, the power end of the power unit can select one power transmission between spindle inclination adjustment and adjustment sleeve rotational motion; a spindle motor is installed on the box body, and the output end of the spindle motor is connected to the spindle through a universal coupling; a first brake assembly is also provided on the box body to lock the rotation of the adjustment sleeve.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the outer periphery of the adjustment sleeve is provided with a first clamping ring with a conical outer surface, and the first brake assembly includes a first sliding clamping member that can slide back and forth along the axial direction of the adjustment sleeve and can form an oblique wedge abutment and locking with the first clamping ring.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: a first oil sleeve is fixed on the box body, and a first piston chamber coaxially arranged with the adjusting sleeve is formed inside the first oil sleeve. The first sliding clamping part includes a piston ring sliding in the first piston chamber and a first clamping hoop fixed to the piston ring and axially passing through the first oil sleeve. The first clamping hoop forms a sliding seal with the first oil sleeve, and the inner periphery of the first clamping hoop is set to a conical structure that is abutted and locked with the oblique wedge of the first clamping ring. The progress chamber and the return chamber in the first piston chamber are connected to the external oil tank through the first unlocking oil hole and the first brake oil hole respectively.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the outer side of the adjusting sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected with a first driven gear, and the adjusting sleeve is provided with an inclination adjustment drive assembly for driving the shaft sleeve to rotate, and the inclination adjustment drive assembly includes an adjusting bevel gear that is transmission-connected to the radial rotating shaft; the power end of the power unit is a gear set that can reciprocate along the axial direction of the adjusting sleeve and can alternately form a transmission match with the first driven gear and the adjusting bevel gear.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the inclination adjustment drive assembly also includes a shaft seat fixed to the bottom of the adjusting sleeve, the adjusting bevel gear rotatably fits on the shaft seat, the large end of the adjusting bevel gear is coaxially fixed with a driving wheel, the adjusting wheel is coaxially fixed on the radial rotating shaft, a synchronous belt is connected between the driving wheel and the adjusting wheel, and a rotary encoder for detecting the rotation angle of the adjusting wheel is installed on the adjusting sleeve.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the bottom rotation of the adjusting sleeve is equipped with a second driven gear whose axis is distributed axially along the adjusting sleeve, and the second driven gear is coaxially fixed with a driven bevel gear that meshes with the adjusting bevel gear. The meshing transmission between the gear set and the second driven gear constitutes the transmission cooperation between the gear set and the adjusting bevel gear.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the gear set includes a spline sleeve arranged axially along the adjustment sleeve, and the first driving gear and the second driving gear respectively arranged adjacent to the first driven gear and the second driven gear are coaxially fixed on the rod of the spline sleeve.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the power unit includes an adjusting motor installed on the box body, a spline shaft is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the adjusting motor, and the spline sleeve is slidingly sleeved on the shaft body of the spline shaft.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: a switching component for driving the power end of the power unit to reciprocate is installed on the box body, the switching component includes a sliding column sliding along the axial direction of the adjustment sleeve, the sliding column is connected to the power end of the power unit through a bracket, and the switching component also includes a lifting cylinder installed on the box body for driving the sliding column to slide along its own axial direction.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the slide column is slidably fitted on the box body, a connecting ring is fixed on the rod body of the slide column, a ring groove is provided on the outer periphery of the connecting ring, and an insert plate is fixed on the power end of the lifting cylinder, which is plugged into and fitted with the ring groove.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. An adjustment sleeve, capable of rotating about its own axis, is installed outside the conventional tilt-adjustable spindle mechanism. Rotation of the adjustment sleeve allows adjustment of the spindle's tilt angle and direction after adjustment. The spindle motor's output is connected to the spindle via a universal joint, effectively driving the spindle's rotation after both tilt and direction adjustments. Furthermore, the spindle mechanism's tilt and direction adjustments share a single power unit, whose power end selects between spindle tilt adjustment and the adjustment sleeve's rotational motion. This not only stabilizes the structure but also effectively reduces the device's cost.

[0018] 2. The first sliding clamping member and the first clamping ring on the adjusting sleeve are wedge-shaped and locked to lock the adjusting sleeve after rotation adjustment. This locking method is not only convenient and fast, but also the adjusting sleeve will not swing back and forth within a small range after locking. It has high locking stability, thereby ensuring the accuracy of stir friction welding and reducing damage to the main shaft.

[0019] 3. The first sliding clamping member is driven by hydraulic piston movement, which ensures stable driving and good locking effect.

[0020] 4. The power unit adopts reciprocating sliding and gear meshing to realize the power transmission between the main shaft inclination adjustment and the adjustment sleeve rotation movement. Not only is the power transmission state switching stable, but it also has a stable transmission effect.

[0021] 5. The lifting cylinder that drives the reciprocating motion of the power end of the power unit is connected to the power end by a sliding column. A connecting ring is fixed on the rod of the sliding column, and a ring groove is provided on the outer periphery of the connecting ring. The telescopic end of the lifting cylinder is fixed with an insert disk, which is plugged into the ring groove; thereby, the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder and the sliding column form a movable fit, and the sliding column bears the radial force of the power end during the power transmission process, which reduces the force transmission of the power end to the lifting cylinder during the power transmission process and improves the service life of the lifting cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the main shaft and the adjustment sleeve in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the main shaft, adjustment sleeve and power unit in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention in a partially cutaway state.

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the lifting cylinder and the sliding column in the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 10, housing; 20, spindle motor; 21, universal joint; 30, spindle; 31, bushing; 311, radial shaft; 40, adjusting sleeve; 41, slewing seat; 42, first driven gear; 50, inclination adjustment drive assembly; 51, second driven gear; 52, driven bevel gear; 53, adjusting bevel gear; 54, driving wheel; 55, adjusting wheel; 56, synchronous belt; 57, shaft seat; 58, rotary encoder; 60, switching assembly; 61, lifting cylinder; 611, insert plate; 62, slide column; 621, bracket; 622, connecting ring; 70, power unit; 71, adjusting motor; 72, spline Sleeve; 721, first driving gear; 722, second driving gear; 80, first brake assembly; 81, first oil sleeve; 811, first unlocking oil hole; 812, first brake oil hole; 813, first piston chamber; 82, first sliding clamping member; 821, piston ring; 822, first clamping hoop; 83, first clamping ring; 90, second brake assembly; 91, second oil sleeve; 911, second unlocking oil hole; 912, second brake oil hole; 913, second piston chamber; 92, second sliding clamping member; 921, piston block; 922, second clamping hoop; 93, second clamping ring; 931, second shrinkage gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] For ease of understanding, the specific structure and working mode of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0031] The specific structure of the present invention refers to Figure 1-6 As shown, its main structure includes a spindle mechanism with adjustable tilt angle from a horizontal perspective. The spindle mechanism rotates inside a vertically arranged adjustment sleeve 40, which rotates around its own axis and fits on the housing 10. The spindle mechanism's tilt direction from a top-down perspective can be adjusted by rotating the adjustment sleeve 40 around its own axis and locking the adjustment sleeve 40 after rotation by a first brake assembly 80.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the spindle mechanism includes a spindle 30 and a sleeve 31. The spindle 30 is coaxially rotated on the inner side of the sleeve 31. The sleeve 31 rotates around the radial axis 311 of its side wall and is fitted in the inner cavity of the adjustment sleeve 40. The sleeve 31 has a coaxial gap distributed in the inner cavity of the adjustment sleeve 40. This gap forms an adjustment space for the rotation adjustment of the spindle 30. In addition, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, a spindle motor 20 is installed on the box 10, and the output end of the spindle motor 20 is connected to the spindle 30 through a universal joint 21, so that the spindle 30 can be driven to rotate by power after the inclination angle and the direction of the inclination angle are adjusted.

[0033] It is worth mentioning that Figure 3 As shown, the inclination adjustment and inclination direction adjustment of the main shaft mechanism share a power unit 70. Specifically, the power end of the power unit 70 can select one power transmission between the inclination adjustment of the main shaft 30 and the rotational motion of the adjustment sleeve 40, which not only stabilizes the structure but also effectively reduces the cost of the device.

[0034] To facilitate further understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the following describes the adjustment of the inclination angle of the power unit 70 and the main shaft 30 and the adjustment of the inclination direction respectively:

[0035] 1. Power unit 70

[0036] like Figure 3As shown, the power unit 70 includes an adjustment motor 71 mounted on the housing 10. A spline shaft is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the adjustment motor 71, and a spline sleeve 72 is slidably mounted on the shaft of the spline shaft. The power end of the power unit 70 is located on the spline sleeve 72. The spline sleeve 72 slides up and down to achieve power transmission between the power end for adjusting the inclination of the main shaft 30 and the rotation of the adjustment sleeve 40. In addition, the relationship between the spline sleeve 72 and the keyway of the spline shaft also ensures that the spline sleeve 72 maintains a transmission connection with the output shaft of the adjustment motor 71 during its sliding process, maintaining stable transmission of the power end of the power unit 70.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the power end of the power unit 70 is a gear set. More specifically, the gear set includes a first driving gear 721 and a second driving gear 722 coaxially fixed to the shaft of the spline sleeve 72. The first driving gear 721 and the second driving gear 722 are respectively arranged adjacent to the power connection portion for rotating the adjustment sleeve 40 and the power connection portion for adjusting the inclination angle of the main shaft 30. This ensures that the power end does not need to move excessively during the sliding process of switching power transmission with the two power connections, thereby facilitating a more compact arrangement of the various components.

[0038] In addition, if Figure 3 As shown, the reciprocating motion of the power end of the power unit 70 is driven by the switching assembly 60 installed on the housing 10. The switching assembly 60 mainly includes a lifting cylinder 61 installed on the housing 10 for driving the slide 62 to slide along its own axial direction. In specific implementation, in order to reduce the radial force exerted by the power end on the lifting cylinder 61 during power transmission, the switching assembly 60 also includes a slide 62 distributed along the axial direction of the adjustment sleeve 40. The slide 62 is slidably fitted on the housing 10, and the slide 62 is connected to the power end of the power unit 70 through a bracket 621. Specifically, it is connected to the outer periphery of the spline sleeve 72 through the bracket 621. The specific connection method is that the bracket 621 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the spline sleeve 72 and a rotational fit is formed between the two, and a baffle is provided on the spline sleeve 72 to prevent the bracket 621 from sliding relative to the spline sleeve 72, and the radial force of the power end during power transmission is borne by the slide 62. Further, as Figure 6 As shown, a connecting ring 622 is fixed on the rod of the sliding column 62, and a ring groove is provided on the outer periphery of the connecting ring 622. An insert plate 611 is fixed to the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder 61, and the insert plate 611 is plugged into the ring groove, so that the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder 61 forms a movable fit with the sliding column 62, which reduces the force transmission of the power end to the lifting cylinder 61 during the power transmission process and improves the service life of the lifting cylinder 61.

[0039] 2. Adjustment of the inclination angle of the main shaft 30

[0040] like Figure 3As shown, the inclination adjustment of the main shaft 30 is mainly achieved by power transmission between the inclination adjustment drive assembly 50 and the power end of the power unit 70, thereby achieving the inclination adjustment of the main shaft 30.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the inclination adjustment drive assembly 50 includes an adjustment bevel gear 53 distributed axially along the radial rotating shaft 311 and transmission connected to the radial rotating shaft 311. In this embodiment, the second driving gear 722 in the power unit 70 is a bevel gear structure that can form an engaged transmission with the adjustment bevel gear 53.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to facilitate the installation of the rotary encoder 58 to achieve stable control of the tilt angle, the inclination adjustment drive assembly 50 further includes a shaft seat 57 fixed to the bottom of the adjustment sleeve 40, and the adjusting bevel gear 53 rotatably engages on the shaft seat 57. The large end of the adjusting bevel gear 53 is coaxially fixed with a driving wheel 54; an adjusting wheel 55 is coaxially fixed on the radial rotating shaft 311, and a synchronous belt 56 is connected between the driving wheel 54 and the adjusting wheel 55; thereby, the transmission connection between the adjusting bevel gear 53 and the radial rotating shaft 311 is achieved through the power transmission between the driving wheel 54 and the adjusting wheel 55 through the synchronous belt 56. During implementation, the rotary encoder 58 is installed on the adjustment sleeve 40 to detect the rotation angle of the adjusting wheel 55, so as to achieve the misalignment of the adjusting bevel gear 53 and the rotary encoder 58, thereby preventing the rotary encoder 58 from interfering with the movement of the gear group of the power unit 70.

[0043] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the adjustment sleeve 40 is rotatably engaged with a second driven gear 51, whose axis is axially distributed along the adjustment sleeve 40. A driven bevel gear 52 is coaxially fixed to the second driven gear 51 and meshes with the adjustment bevel gear 53. The meshing transmission between the gear set and the second driven gear 51 constitutes the transmission coordination between the gear set and the adjustment bevel gear 53. In this embodiment, the adjustment bevel gear 53 can be positioned toward the bottom of the adjustment sleeve 40 during layout. This not only shortens the transmission stroke of the adjustment bevel gear 53, but also prevents the shaft seat 57, the driving wheel 54, and the adjustment bevel gear 53 from protruding beyond the outer edge of the bottom of the adjustment sleeve 40, causing motion interference with other components.

[0044] It is worth mentioning that in order to achieve the locking of the main shaft after the inclination angle is adjusted, in the specific implementation, Figure 1 As shown, a second brake assembly 90 may also be provided for locking the main shaft 30 after the inclination angle is adjusted.

[0045] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the radial shaft 311 rotates about its own axis and fits on the swivel seat 41 of the adjustment sleeve 40. The outer end of the radial shaft 311 has a tapered structure that is wider on the inside and narrower on the outside. The second brake assembly 90 includes a second sliding clamping member 92 mounted on the swivel seat 41, which can slide back and forth along the axial direction of the radial shaft 311 and form an oblique wedge-shaped abutment and locking engagement with the radial shaft 311. A power source drives the second sliding clamping member 92 into wedge-shaped engagement with the radial shaft 311, thereby achieving rotational locking of the radial shaft 311 and, in turn, locking the spindle 30 after the inclination angle is adjusted.

[0046] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second sliding clamping member 92 includes a second clamping hoop 922 arranged coaxially with the radial rotating shaft 311. The inner cavity of the second clamping hoop 922 has a conical structure adapted to the outer peripheral contour of the outer end of the radial rotating shaft 311, thereby achieving a wrap-around uniform abutment on the outer periphery of the radial rotating shaft 311 and ensuring the rotational locking effect of the radial rotating shaft 311.

[0047] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, a second clamping ring 93 is sleeved on the outer end of the radial shaft 311. The second clamping ring 93 is configured as a tapered ring structure that matches the outer end of the radial shaft 311. A second shrinkage slit 931 is provided at the narrow end of the second clamping ring 93, distributed along the length of the second clamping ring 93 and the oblique edge of the second clamping ring 93. The shrinkage and tightening of the second clamping ring 93 provides a more stable locking of the radial shaft 311. Preferably, at least two second shrinkage slits 931 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the second clamping ring 93, ensuring uniform distribution of the locking force on the radial shaft 311.

[0048] On the basis of the above, if Figure 1 As shown, the power drive of the second sliding clamping member 92 can adopt an oil cylinder piston structure. Specifically, a second oil sleeve 91 is fixed to the outside of the slewing seat 41. The interior of the second oil sleeve 91 forms a second piston chamber 913 arranged coaxially with the radial rotation axis 311. The second sliding clamping member 92 also includes a piston block 921 sliding in the second piston chamber 913. A second clamping hoop 922 is fixed to the piston block 921. The second clamping hoop 922 axially penetrates the second oil sleeve 91 and forms a sliding seal with the second oil sleeve 91. The forward chamber and return chamber in the second piston chamber 913 are connected to the external oil tank through the second unlocking oil hole 911 and the second brake oil hole 912, respectively. During use, hydraulic oil is input into the second brake oil hole 912 through the oil pump, thereby pushing the piston block 921 and the second clamping hoop 922 to slide toward the radial rotating shaft 311, thereby locking the radial rotating shaft 311; hydraulic oil is input into the second unlocking oil hole 911 through the oil pump, pushing the piston block 921 and the second clamping hoop 922 to move away from the radial rotating shaft 311, thereby unlocking the rotation of the radial rotating shaft 311.

[0049] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, the swivel seat 41 and radial shaft 311 form a swivel unit. Two swivel units are symmetrically distributed on either side of the sleeve 31. The radial shaft 311 of one swivel unit mates with the second sliding clamping member 92, while the radial shaft 311 of the other swivel unit mates with the power end of the inclinometer drive assembly 50. This not only facilitates the arrangement of the second brake assembly 90 and the inclinometer drive assembly 50 without interference, but also ensures uniform force on both sides of the sleeve 31 during rotation.

[0050] Of course, since some conventional arrangements are disclosed in the prior art for locking the main shaft 30 after inclination adjustment, in specific implementation, the prior art method of using a worm gear structure to achieve locking of the inclination adjustment drive assembly 50 and the locking method of the cam rotating against the sleeve 31 can also be adopted to achieve braking of the sleeve 31.

[0051] 3. Adjustment of the inclination direction of the main shaft 30

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the adjustment of the inclination direction of the main shaft 30 is achieved by the meshing transmission of the first driven gear 42 coaxially fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjusting sleeve 40 and the first driving gear 721 in the power unit 70. When in use, the first driving gear 721 slides to a meshing state with the first driven gear 42, and the first driven gear 42 and the adjusting sleeve 40 can be driven to rotate around their own axes by the rotation of the first driving gear 721, thereby driving the main shaft 30 to rotate around the axis of the adjusting sleeve 40 to achieve the adjustment of the inclination direction of the main shaft 30.

[0053] Furthermore, in order to achieve the locking of the adjustment sleeve 40 after adjustment, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the box body 10 is further provided with a first brake assembly 80 for locking the adjustment sleeve 40 from rotating.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, a first clamping ring 83 with a tapered outer surface is mounted on the outer periphery of the adjustment sleeve 40. The first brake assembly 80 includes a first sliding clamping member 82 that can slide back and forth along the axial direction of the adjustment sleeve 40 and form a wedge-shaped abutment with the first clamping ring 83 for locking. Similar to the second brake assembly 90, during operation, a power source drives the first sliding clamping member 82 into a wedge-shaped abutment with the clamping ring of the adjustment sleeve 40 to lock the adjustment sleeve 40 after rotation.

[0055] On the basis of the above, if Figure 5As shown, the power drive of the first sliding clamping member 82 can also adopt an oil cylinder piston structure. Specifically, a first oil sleeve 81 is fixed to the housing 10, and a first piston chamber 813 is formed inside the first oil sleeve 81, which is coaxially arranged with the adjustment sleeve 40. The first sliding clamping member 82 includes a piston ring 821 that slides in the first piston chamber 813 and a first clamping hoop 822 that is fixed to the piston ring 821 and axially passes through the first oil sleeve 81. The first clamping hoop 822 forms a sliding seal with the first oil sleeve 81, and the inner periphery of the first clamping hoop 822 is configured as a conical structure that is wedge-locked with the first clamping ring 83. The progress chamber and return chamber in the first piston chamber 813 are connected to the external oil tank through the first unlocking oil hole 811 and the first brake oil hole 812, respectively. During use, hydraulic oil is input into the first brake oil hole 812 through the oil pump, thereby pushing the piston ring 821 and the first clamping hoop 822 to slide toward the first clamping ring 83, thereby locking the first clamping ring 83 and the adjusting sleeve 40; hydraulic oil is input into the first unlocking oil hole 811 through the oil pump, pushing the piston ring 821 and the first clamping hoop 822 to move away from the first clamping ring 83, thereby unlocking the rotation of the first clamping ring 83 and the adjusting sleeve 40.

[0056] In a specific implementation, the first clamping ring 83 preferably adopts the form of a second shrinkage gap 931 set in the second clamping ring 93. In this embodiment, the connection between the first clamping ring 83 and the adjustment sleeve 40 can be a sliding sleeve.

[0057] To further understand how this application works, the following steps are explained:

[0058] S1. When the inclination angle of the main shaft 30 needs to be adjusted, the first brake assembly 80 locks the adjustment sleeve 40 and the second brake assembly 90 releases the lock on the shaft sleeve 31;

[0059] S2: The power end of the power unit 70 moves to a state of power transmission with the inclination adjustment drive assembly 50, and the power unit 70 drives the sleeve 31 to rotate around the radial axis 311 to adjust the inclination of the main shaft 30;

[0060] S3. When the inclination angle of the main shaft 30 is adjusted to the desired angle, the second brake assembly 90 locks and brakes the shaft sleeve 31;

[0061] S4. When the inclination angle of the main shaft 30 needs to be further adjusted, the first brake assembly 80 releases the lock on the adjustment sleeve 40, and the power end of the power unit 70 moves to a state of power transmission with the first driven gear 42 on the adjustment sleeve 40;

[0062] S5. The power unit 70 drives the first driven gear 42 and the adjustment sleeve 40 to rotate to adjust the inclination direction of the main shaft 30. After the adjustment, the first brake assembly 80 locks and brakes the adjustment sleeve 40.

[0063] Of course, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, but also encompasses the same or similar structures that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim to which they relate.

[0064] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0065] The technology, shape, and structure not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A friction stir welding device with an adjustable spindle, comprising a spindle mechanism with an adjustable inclination angle around a horizontal axis, the spindle mechanism comprising a sleeve (31) and a spindle (30) coaxially rotatably fitted in the sleeve (31), characterized in that: The shaft sleeve (31) rotates inside the vertically arranged adjustment sleeve (40) via a radial rotation shaft (311), and the adjustment sleeve (40) rotates around its own axis and is fitted on the housing (10). The friction stir welding device further comprises a power unit (70), the power end of which can select one of power transmission between the inclination adjustment of the main shaft (30) and the rotational movement of the adjustment sleeve (40); a main shaft motor (20) is mounted on the housing (10), and the output end of the main shaft motor (20) is connected to the main shaft (30) via a universal joint (21); and a first brake assembly (80) for locking the rotation of the adjustment sleeve (40) is also provided on the housing (10); The outer side of the adjustment sleeve (40) is coaxially fixedly connected to a first driven gear (42); the adjustment sleeve (40) is provided with an inclination adjustment drive assembly (50) for driving the shaft sleeve (31) to rotate; the inclination adjustment drive assembly (50) includes an adjustment bevel gear (53) in transmission connection with the radial rotating shaft (311); the power end of the power unit (70) is a gear set that can reciprocate along the axial direction of the adjustment sleeve (40) and can alternately form a transmission match with the first driven gear (42) and the adjustment bevel gear (53).

2. The friction stir welding device with adjustable spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first clamping ring (83) having a conical outer surface is sleeved and mounted on the outer periphery of the adjustment sleeve (40), and the first brake assembly (80) comprises a first sliding clamping member (82) that can slide back and forth along the axial direction of the adjustment sleeve (40) and can form an inclined wedge-type abutment and locking engagement with the first clamping ring (83).

3. The friction stir welding device with an adjustable spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first oil sleeve (81) is fixed on the housing (10), and a first piston chamber (813) coaxially arranged with the adjustment sleeve (40) is formed inside the first oil sleeve (81), and a first sliding clamping member (82) includes a piston ring (821) sliding in the first piston chamber (813) and a first clamping hoop (822) fixed to the piston ring (821) and axially passing through the first oil sleeve (81), the first clamping hoop (822) and the first oil sleeve (81) form a sliding seal, and the inner periphery of the first clamping hoop (822) is set as a conical structure that is wedge-locked with the first clamping ring (83), and the progress chamber and the return chamber in the first piston chamber (813) are connected to the external oil tank through the first unlocking oil hole (811) and the first brake oil hole (812) respectively.

4. The friction stir welding device with an adjustable spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tilt angle adjustment drive assembly (50) further includes a shaft seat (57) fixed to the bottom of the adjustment sleeve (40), the adjustment bevel gear (53) rotatably engaged with the shaft seat (57), a driving wheel (54) is coaxially fixed to the large end of the adjustment bevel gear (53), an adjustment wheel (55) is coaxially fixed to the radial shaft (311), a synchronous belt (56) is connected between the driving wheel (54) and the adjustment wheel (55), and a rotary encoder (58) for detecting the rotation angle of the adjustment wheel (55) is installed on the adjustment sleeve (40).

5. The friction stir welding device with an adjustable spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the adjusting sleeve (40) is rotatably engaged with a second driven gear (51) whose axis is distributed axially along the adjusting sleeve (40). A driven bevel gear (52) meshing with the adjusting bevel gear (53) is coaxially fixed on the second driven gear (51). The meshing transmission between the gear set and the second driven gear (51) constitutes the transmission engagement between the gear set and the adjusting bevel gear (53).

6. The friction stir welding device with an adjustable spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gear set comprises a spline sleeve (72) arranged axially along the adjustment sleeve (40), and a first driving gear (721) and a second driving gear (722) respectively arranged adjacent to the first driven gear (42) and the second driven gear (51) are coaxially fixed on the rod of the spline sleeve (72).

7. The friction stir welding device with an adjustable spindle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power unit (70) includes an adjusting motor (71) mounted on a housing (10), a spline shaft being coaxially fixed to an output shaft of the adjusting motor (71), and a spline sleeve (72) being slidably sleeved on a shaft body of the spline shaft.

8. The friction stir welding device with an adjustable spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (10) is provided with a switching assembly (60) for driving the power end of the power unit (70) to reciprocate. The switching assembly (60) includes a sliding column (62) that slides along the axial direction of the adjustment sleeve (40). The sliding column (62) is connected to the power end of the power unit (70) via a bracket (621). The switching assembly (60) also includes a lifting cylinder (61) installed on the housing (10) for driving the sliding column (62) to slide along its own axial direction.

9. The friction stir welding device with an adjustable spindle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The slide column (62) is slidably engaged with the box body (10), a connecting ring (622) is fixed on the rod of the slide column (62), an annular groove is provided on the outer periphery of the connecting ring (622), and an insert disk (611) is fixed on the power end of the lifting cylinder (61), and the insert disk (611) is plug-engaged with the annular groove.

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