Wet type grinding and polishing machining equipment and machining method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical grinding, and particularly provides wet type grinding and polishing machining equipment and a machining method. The machining equipment comprises a mechanical arm, a grinding and polishing assembly, a spray head and a cooling circulation assembly. The mechanical arm is used for grabbing and carrying a to-be-machined workpiece. The grinding and polishing assembly comprises a plurality of grinding and polishing mechanisms different in roughness and is used for grinding and polishing workpieces to be machined. The spray head is fixed to the mechanical arm and used for spraying cooling liquid to a to-be-machined workpiece. The cooling circulation assembly is communicated with the spray head and comprises a liquid storage cavity for storing cooling liquid. Circulating cooling liquid spraying is achieved through the spray head and the cooling circulation assembly, friction heat is effectively reduced, and scratches and material scorching on the surface of a workpiece can be avoided. The cooling liquid not only can reduce the temperature of the grinding material and the tool, reduce abrasion and save cost, but also can enable the grinding material to cut uniformly and prevent blockage. And the wet grinding and polishing can inhibit dust, reduce the dust explosion risk and maintain the operation environment clean.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical grinding, and particularly to a wet grinding and polishing processing device and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Workpieces such as engine blades, machine tool bearings, precision molds, and medical devices usually have complex shapes and irregular surfaces, and have relatively high requirements for processing accuracy. The surface quality and geometric accuracy of such workpieces need to meet strict industrial standards.

[0003] In the prior art, such workpieces are processed by grinding and polishing. During processing, a large amount of dust is generated, which is likely to pollute the environment and pose a threat to the health of operators, and there is also a risk of dust explosion. During processing, the high-frequency friction generates heat, which is likely to cause ablation, deformation of the workpiece surface, or accelerated abrasive wear. The solid dust particles falling during grinding will also mix into the processing area, resulting in scratches on the workpiece surface and relatively high roughness. The dust entering the grinding and polishing equipment will also accelerate the wear of the equipment, increase the maintenance cost, and cause obvious noise pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present invention provide a wet grinding and polishing processing device and a processing method thereof, which at least solve the problems of more dust in the existing grinding and polishing equipment, potential safety hazards, and serious heat generation due to friction.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a wet grinding and polishing processing device, which includes:

[0006] A robotic arm for grasping and transporting a workpiece to be processed;

[0007] A grinding and polishing assembly including a plurality of grinding and polishing mechanisms with different roughnesses for grinding and polishing the workpiece to be processed;

[0008] A nozzle fixed on the robotic arm and used for spraying a coolant onto the workpiece to be processed;

[0009] A cooling circulation assembly communicating with the nozzle, and the cooling circulation assembly includes a liquid storage cavity for storing the coolant.

[0010] For the wet grinding and polishing processing device provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the cooling circulation assembly further includes a recovery cavity, a refrigerating member, and a temperature sensor;

[0011] The recovery cavity communicates with the liquid storage cavity through a filtering medium;

[0012] The refrigerating member is used to control the temperature of the coolant in the liquid storage cavity, and the refrigerating member is arranged as a heat dissipation fin or a cold plate;

[0013] The temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the coolant in the liquid storage chamber.

[0014] The wet grinding and polishing equipment provided by the present invention also includes a workbench, a support frame and a casing;

[0015] A leveling foot is provided on one side of the workbench, and the grinding and polishing assembly, the cooling circulation assembly and the support frame are provided on the other side of the workbench;

[0016] The mechanical arm is fixed on the support frame;

[0017] The casing is arranged outside the support frame and is spliced and connected with the workbench. The casing is provided with an openable and closable window. The interior of the casing also accommodates the mechanical arm, the grinding and polishing assembly, the nozzle and the cooling circulation assembly.

[0018] The wet grinding and polishing equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention also includes a grid;

[0019] The grid is arranged on a side of the workbench away from the leveling foot, and at least two adjacent sides of the grid are provided with mounting seats for fixing the polishing mechanism; one end of the mounting seat is fixedly arranged on the workbench, and the free end of the mounting seat is located on the top of the grid;

[0020] The free ends of the mounting seats at two adjacent sides of the grid are connected via a bent plate, and one of the mounting seats further comprises a heightened portion, which is arranged at the connection between the free end of the mounting seat and the bent plate.

[0021] The wet grinding and polishing equipment provided by the present invention is a grinding and polishing mechanism comprising a floating mechanism, a motor, a rotating spindle and a first fixed chuck;

[0022] The floating mechanism is arranged on the mounting seat; the motor and the rotating spindle are fixed to the floating mechanism, the output end of the motor is connected to the rotating spindle, and the rotating spindle is also provided with the first fixing chuck, which is used to install the grinding tool.

[0023] The wet grinding and polishing equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with a detection component and a control component inside the housing;

[0024] The detection component is fixed to the support frame, and the detection component includes a thickness detection sensor and a camera;

[0025] The control component is electrically connected to the robot arm, the detection component and the polishing component.

[0026] The wet grinding and polishing processing equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the grinding and polishing assembly further includes a belt sander, and the belt sander includes a turntable and a belt sander body;

[0027] The turntable is fixed to the workbench and is rotationally connected to the belt sander body;

[0028] A plurality of guide wheels are arranged on the side surface of the belt sander body, and a sand belt wound around the guide wheels; the belt sander body includes a plurality of the side surfaces, and the roughness gradients of the sand belts on the plurality of side surfaces are set.

[0029] The wet grinding and polishing processing equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a tool holder, and the tool holder includes a plurality of placement plates and a plurality of vertical plates;

[0030] The plurality of placement plates are arranged in parallel, and second fixing chucks are equidistantly arranged on the placement plates, and the second fixing chucks are used for installing grinding tools; wherein, the grinding tool includes a grinding rod and a grinding wheel connected to each other, and the second fixing chuck is used for fixing the grinding rod;

[0031] The plurality of vertical plates are arranged in parallel, and the vertical plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the placement plates; in-position sensors are arranged on the vertical plates corresponding to the grinding tools.

[0032] For the wet grinding and polishing processing equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the placement plate provided with the second fixing chuck is set as an inclined surface, and the inclination angles of the inclined surfaces of the plurality of placement plates are equal.

[0033] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a wet grinding and polishing processing method, which includes the following steps,

[0034] The robotic arm grabs the workpiece to be processed and transports it for loading;

[0035] A plurality of grinding and polishing mechanisms of the grinding and polishing assembly polish the workpiece to be processed; wherein, the plurality of grinding and polishing mechanisms polish the workpiece to be processed in order from the largest roughness to the smallest;

[0036] The cooling circulation assembly circulates and transfers the coolant to the nozzle, and the nozzle sprays the coolant onto the workpiece to be processed;

[0037] After the workpiece to be processed is polished, it is grabbed and unloaded by the robotic arm, and the cooling circulation assembly stops operating.

[0038] An embodiment of the present invention provides a wet grinding and polishing processing device and a processing method, which solve the problems of excessive dust and serious heat generation due to friction in existing dry grinding and polishing processing. By means of a nozzle and a cooling circulation component, circulating coolant spraying is realized, effectively reducing the frictional heat, and scratches and material burning on the surface of the workpiece can be avoided. The coolant can not only reduce the temperature of the abrasive and the tool, reduce wear to save costs, but also enable the abrasive to cut evenly, prevent clogging, and ensure the stability of long-term continuous operations such as large-area polishing. Wet grinding and polishing can also suppress dust, reduce the risk of dust explosion, and maintain a clean working environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the wet grinding and polishing processing device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the wet grinding and polishing processing device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention from another angle.

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the interior of the housing of the wet grinding and polishing processing device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the interior of the housing of the wet grinding and polishing processing device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention from another angle.

[0044] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the robotic arm and nozzle of the wet grinding and polishing processing device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the connection between a part of the grinding and polishing mechanism and the bent plate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the grinding and polishing mechanism and the grinding tool in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the belt sander in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 9 is Figure 7 a schematic structural diagram of the interior of the belt sander shown.

[0049] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the detection component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 11 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the tool holder in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 12 is Figure 11 an enlarged schematic view of part A in

[0052] Figure 13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material table in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 14 It is a flow chart of a wet grinding and polishing processing method in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0055] 1. Robot arm; 2. Grinding and polishing assembly; 21. Grinding and polishing mechanism; 2101. Floating mechanism; 2102. Motor; 2103. Rotating main shaft; 2104. First fixed chuck; 22. Grinding tool; 2201. Grinding rod; 2202. Grinding wheel; 23. Belt sander; 2301. Turntable; 2302. Belt sander main body; 2303. Guide wheel; 2304. Sand belt; 2305. Driving wheel; 2306. Driven wheel; 3. Sprayer; 4. Cooling circulation assembly; 51. Workbench; 5101. Flattening foot; 52. Support frame; 53. Machine shell; 5301. Window; 6. Grid; 71. Mounting seat; 72. Bent plate; 73. Heightening part; 81. Detection assembly; 8101. Thickness detection sensor; 8102. Camera; 82. Control assembly; 9. Tool holder; 91. Placing plate; 9101. Second fixed chuck; 9102. Inclined plane; 92. Vertical plate; 9201. In-position sensor; 93. Calibration needle;

[0056] 94. Tool upper cabinet; 95. Material table; 9501. Workstation. Detailed implementation manners

[0057] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0058] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the exemplary implementation manners according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or their combinations.

[0059] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationships. Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0060] In the conventional workpiece grinding and polishing operation, during the dry grinding and polishing process, the heat generated by the high-speed friction between the grinding tool and the workpiece is difficult to effectively dissipate, resulting in a sharp rise in the temperature of the processed blade, and the local temperature can reach several hundred degrees. The high temperature will not only cause changes in the metallographic structure of the workpiece surface, leading to a decline in material properties, but also cause thermal deformation of the workpiece, greatly affecting the machining dimensional accuracy and surface integrity. In addition, a large amount of metal dust generated by dry grinding and polishing not only pollutes the working environment, threatens the health of operators, but also easily adheres to the key components of the equipment, accelerating mechanical wear and shortening the service life of the equipment. These problems are particularly prominent in scenarios with precision measurement requirements. The errors caused by thermal deformation and dust pollution make it difficult for dry grinding and polishing to meet the processing requirements of high-precision workpieces.

[0061] Therefore, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a wet grinding and polishing processing device. By spraying the coolant, the heat generated during the grinding and polishing process can be quickly removed, effectively controlling the temperature of the workpiece, avoiding dimensional deviation caused by thermal deformation, and ensuring the high-precision requirements of precision machining. At the same time, as a medium, the coolant can fully lubricate the surface of the abrasive and the workpiece, reduce friction loss, lower the surface roughness, and improve the surface finish of the workpiece. In addition, the coolant can also timely wash and collect grinding chips and impurities, prevent them from scratching the workpiece or exacerbating the wear of the grinding tool, and cooperate with the cooling circulation component 4 to realize the reuse of the coolant, creating a clean processing environment and meeting the requirements of intelligent processing.

[0062] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the wet grinding and polishing processing device includes a robotic arm 1, a grinding and polishing component 2, a nozzle 3, and a cooling circulation component 4. Among them, the robotic arm 1 is used to grasp and transport the workpiece to be processed. The grinding and polishing component 2 includes a plurality of grinding and polishing mechanisms 21 with different roughnesses, which are used to grind and polish the workpiece to be processed. The nozzle 3 is fixed on the robotic arm 1 and is used to spray the coolant onto the workpiece to be processed. The cooling circulation component 4 is connected to the nozzle 3. The cooling circulation component 4 includes a liquid storage chamber for storing the coolant, and continuously supplies the coolant to the nozzle 3.

[0063] Specifically, referring to Figures 1 to 4 as shown, the wet grinding and polishing processing equipment further includes a workbench 51, a support frame 52, and a machine housing 53.

[0064] On one side of the workbench 51, there is a leveling foot 5101. On the other side of the workbench 51, there are a grinding and polishing assembly 2, a cooling circulation assembly 4, and a support frame 52. A robotic arm 1 is fixed on the support frame 52. The machine housing 53 is arranged outside the support frame 52 and is joined and connected to the workbench 51. The machine housing 53 and the workbench 51 are joined to form a closed space, and the inside of the closed space houses the robotic arm 1, the grinding and polishing assembly 2, the nozzle 3, and the cooling circulation assembly 4.

[0065] During processing, the coolant is sprayed at high pressure and splashes everywhere, and grinding debris and impurities will also spread with the liquid. In an open environment, it will not only cause the workshop floor to be slippery and the equipment to rust, but also interfere with the processing stability and affect the accuracy. The closed space can effectively avoid the splashing of the coolant and the diffusion of impurities, reduce potential safety hazards, prevent the coolant from eroding the equipment, and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0066] Next, the machine housing 53 is provided with an openable window 5301. Preferably, in the first embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 as shown, each side of the machine housing 53 is provided with a window 5301. In other embodiments, the window 5301 can also be provided on at least part of the sides of the machine housing 53. The openable window 5301 is for taking into account the operation convenience and equipment maintenance requirements while ensuring the advantages of the wet grinding and polishing closed operation. When the window 5301 is closed, it can effectively prevent the splashing of the coolant and the diffusion of grinding debris, maintain a stable processing environment and process parameters, and ensure the processing quality. After the window 5301 is opened, the operator can replace the grinding tool 22, check the processing status, or clean the residual impurities inside the equipment without disassembling the machine housing 53, significantly improving the work efficiency. It is convenient for quick repair when the equipment fails, reducing the downtime and maintenance cost.

[0067] Specifically, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 10 as shown, a detection assembly 81 is further arranged inside the machine housing 53. The detection assembly 81 is fixed to the support frame 52. The detection assembly 81 includes a thickness detection sensor 8101 and a camera 8102. Among them, the thickness detection sensor 8101 is used to detect the thickness of the workpiece to be processed and measure it again after processing to obtain the thickness change of the workpiece. The camera 8102 is arranged in parallel with the thickness detection sensor 8101, and the camera 8102 is used to obtain the real-time state image of the workpiece to be processed. The detection assembly 81 can monitor the processing process in real time and accurately.

[0068] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a control component 82 is also provided inside the housing 53. The control component 82 is electrically connected to the robot arm 1, the detection component 81 and the grinding and polishing component 2 and controls the robot arm 1, the detection component 81 and the grinding and polishing component 2. The thickness change obtained by the thickness detection sensor 8101 can reflect the grinding and polishing depth, and the camera 8102 can visually observe the real-time status of the grinding and polishing area; the detection component 81 determines whether the workpiece to be processed meets the processing requirements, and the control component 82 controls the robot arm 1 and the grinding and polishing component 2 according to the judgment result of the detection component 81, and continues the grinding and polishing process or ends the grinding and polishing to unload the material.

[0069] Through the connection and control relationship between the control component 82, the robot arm 1, the grinding and polishing component 2 and the detection component 81, it is possible to avoid over-processing or under-processing and ensure that the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece meets the standard. It is convenient to judge the surface quality, tool wear and whether the coolant is evenly distributed, and adjust the process parameters in time. Reduce the scrap rate and form a closed-loop feedback processing; realize intelligent and automated production monitoring and improve the stability and reliability of the processing process.

[0070] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 As shown, the wet grinding and polishing equipment also includes a grid 6. The grid 6 is arranged on the side of the workbench 51 away from the leveling foot 5101. The grid 6 is used to intercept and separate the grinding chips and impurities generated during the grinding and polishing process, and at the same time receive the dripping coolant and initially filter the large particles to prevent them from clogging the coolant recovery pipeline or damaging the cooling filter assembly. At the same time, the grid 6 also provides support for the workpiece to be processed to ensure that the grinding and polishing operation is carried out smoothly.

[0071] An air knife is arranged above or on the side of the grid 6, and the air knife outputs a high-speed airflow to blow off the grinding chips and coolant remaining on the grid 6, accelerating chip removal and liquid recovery. It can also blow fine particles suspended in the air to the grid 6, so that they are intercepted and filtered, further improving the filtering effect of the grid 6 and the cleanliness of the equipment.

[0072] Further, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the grid 6 is configured to be rectangular and has four sides. At least two adjacent sides of the grid 6 are provided with mounting seats 71 for fixing the polishing mechanism 21. Figure 6 As shown, the wet grinding and polishing processing equipment provided in the first embodiment is provided with three groups of grinding and polishing mechanisms 21. Two groups of grinding and polishing mechanisms 21 are provided at two adjacent sides of the grid 6 and are connected by a bent plate 72, and another group of grinding and polishing mechanisms 21 is provided at another side of the grid 6. In other embodiments, the number and specific setting positions of the grinding and polishing mechanisms 21 are not limited thereto, and multiple grinding and polishing mechanisms 21 can be provided at the side of the grid 6 according to the grinding and polishing requirements.

[0073] The middle part of the mounting seat 71 is bent, one end of the mounting seat 71 is fixedly arranged on the workbench 51, and the free end of the mounting seat 71 is located on the top of the grid 6. Preferably, after the mounting seat 71 is bent, the workpiece can be placed directly above the grid 6 through two vertical surfaces, ensuring that the coolant and grinding chips generated by grinding and polishing fall directly through the grid 6 for recycling, reducing the secondary contamination of the workpiece by residual substances, and maintaining smooth chip removal.

[0074] The free ends of the mounting seats 71 on two adjacent sides of the grid 6 are connected by a bent plate 72, and the bent plate 72 is bent in a direction away from the center of the grid 6 on a horizontal plane. The bent plate 72 is set to integrate at least two groups of mounting seats 71 and the grinding and polishing mechanism 21, and the bending setting provides avoidance for the workpiece to be processed. The layout and angle of the grinding head can be flexibly adjusted to meet the needs of curved surface grinding of complex workpieces, ensuring that each grinding head can accurately contact the workpiece surface from different directions, and improving the grinding coverage and uniformity. The connection of the bent plate 72 makes the installation of the grinding and polishing mechanism 21 more compact, and it is convenient to quickly adjust the grinding head combination according to different grinding process requirements.

[0075] Furthermore, among the two mounting seats 71 connected to the bent plate 72, one of the mounting seats 71 also includes a heightened portion 73. The heightened portion 73 is arranged at the connection between the free end of the mounting seat 71 and the bent plate 72. The heightened portion 73 can effectively meet the multi-dimensional and differentiated grinding and polishing requirements of complex workpieces. Through the height difference design, the two grinding and polishing mechanisms 21 can be placed in different working planes, which is convenient for synchronous processing of the uneven surfaces, step structures or three-dimensional contours of the workpiece, and reduces repeated clamping and adjustment caused by the complex shape of the workpiece; this setting can also optimize the layout of the grinding head, avoid interference due to close spacing, and ensure that the movement paths of each grinding head do not interfere with each other. The heightened portion 73 enhances the adaptability of the processing equipment to workpieces of different thicknesses and shapes. There is no need to frequently replace the overall tooling. The processing task can be quickly switched by adjusting the local height, which significantly improves the versatility and flexibility of the equipment.

[0076] Specifically, refer to Figures 6 to 9As shown, the grinding and polishing assembly 2 includes multiple grinding and polishing mechanisms 21 with different roughnesses and a belt grinder 23. The grinding and polishing mechanism 21 includes a floating mechanism 2101, a motor 2102, a rotating main shaft 2103, and a first fixed chuck 2104. The floating mechanism 2101 is arranged on the mounting base 71. The motor 2102 and the rotating main shaft 2103 are fixed to the floating mechanism 2101. The output end of the motor 2102 is connected to the rotating main shaft 2103. A first fixed chuck 2104 is also arranged on the rotating main shaft 2103. The first fixed chuck 2104 is used to mount the grinding tool 22. The motor 2102 serves as a power source, driving the rotating main shaft 2103 to rotate at a high speed and providing cutting power for the grinding tool 22. The first fixed chuck 2104 is installed at the end of the rotating main shaft 2103 and is connected to the grinding tool 22 in a detachable manner. The connection method can be set as pneumatic clamping, bolt fastening, or quick-change interface, etc. The first fixed chuck 2104 can quickly change the tool type according to different grinding and polishing requirements. The floating mechanism 2101 is connected to the rotating main shaft 2103 to provide floating adjustment ability, which can adaptively compensate for the minor undulations on the workpiece surface during the processing, ensuring that the grinding tool 22 always maintains an appropriate contact pressure with the workpiece surface, which can not only prevent damage to the workpiece caused by excessive pressure but also avoid affecting the grinding effect due to insufficient pressure.

[0077] The belt grinder 23 includes a turntable 2301 and a belt grinder main body 2302. The turntable 2301 is fixed to the workbench 51 and is rotatably connected to the belt grinder main body 2302, providing rotational support for the belt grinder main body 2302 and enabling it to flexibly adjust the working angle. A plurality of guide wheels 2303 are arranged on the side of the belt grinder main body 2302. The abrasive belt 2304 is wound around the guide wheels 2303. The guide wheels 2303 are used to guide the running track of the abrasive belt 2304 to ensure the stable transmission of the abrasive belt 2304.

[0078] Referring to Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the belt grinder main body 2302 includes multiple sides. The roughness gradients of the abrasive belts 2304 on the multiple sides are set, enabling continuous processing from rough grinding to fine grinding and polishing. The roughness of the abrasive belt 2304 is less than that of the grinding tool 22. Preferably, in the first embodiment, the belt grinder main body 2302 is provided with three sides. The belt grinder 23 is also provided with a driving wheel 2305, a driven wheel 2306, a tensioning wheel, etc. The driving wheel 2305 serves as the power core. After being driven, it drives the abrasive belt 2304 to rotate through friction. The driven wheel 2306 assists the driving wheel 2305 to maintain the movement of the abrasive belt 2304 and forms a closed-loop transmission path with the driving wheel 2305. The tensioning wheel adjusts the pressure on the abrasive belt 2304 to ensure that the abrasive belt 2304 is always in an appropriate tension state, avoiding slipping caused by being too loose or accelerated wear caused by being too tight, and ensuring that the abrasive belt 2304 is in full contact with the workpiece and maintains a constant grinding force.

[0079] Specifically, referring toFigure 11 and Figure 12 As shown in Figure 12 , the wet grinding and polishing processing equipment further includes a tool holder 9, and the tool holder 9 includes a plurality of placement plates 91 and a plurality of vertical plates 92. The plurality of placement plates 91 are arranged in parallel, and second fixed chucks 9101 are equidistantly arranged on the placement plates 91. The second fixed chucks 9101 are used to install grinding tools 22 and at least one calibration needle 93. Among them, the grinding tool 22 includes a grinding rod 2201 and a grinding wheel 2202 connected to each other, and the second fixed chuck 9101 is used to fix the grinding rod 2201.

[0080] The plurality of vertical plates 92 are arranged in parallel, and the vertical plates 92 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the placement plates 91 and connected. In-position sensors 9201 are arranged on the vertical plates 92 corresponding to the grinding tools 22 and the calibration needles 93. The calibration needle 93 can accurately calibrate the installation position of the grinding tool 22. The grinding tools 22 are arranged in an array on the tool holder 9, which is convenient for the robotic arm 1 to grasp for tool replacement.

[0081] The surface of the placement plate 91 where the second fixed chuck 9101 is arranged is set as an inclined surface 9102, so that the grinding wheel 2202 of the grinding tool 22 inclines towards the inside of the machine housing 53, leaving sufficient space for the robotic arm 1 to grasp the tool, effectively avoiding the collision risk with the machine housing 53 during the grasping process, and improving the fluency and safety of the tool change operation. The inclination angles of the inclined surfaces 9102 of the plurality of placement plates 91 are equal, which is convenient for the in-position sensors 9201 to accurately detect the positions of the tool and the calibration needle 93 in a standardized manner, ensuring stable and reliable calibration accuracy. A tool upper cabinet 94 is also arranged on the tool holder 9, and the tool upper cabinet 94 is used to place spare tools and other auxiliary tools.

[0082] Specifically, referring to Figure 13 As shown in Figure 13 , the wet grinding and polishing processing equipment further includes a material table 95, and a driving member is arranged at the bottom of the material table 95 and can drive the material table 95 to rotate. A working position 9501 is arranged on the material table 95 for placing workpieces to be processed, and when the material table 95 rotates, the working position 9501 can be located inside or outside the machine housing 53.

[0083] Specifically, referring to Figure 5 As shown in Figure 5 , the nozzle 3 is fixed to the head of the robotic arm 1, and the spraying angle and position can be flexibly adjusted to accurately deliver the coolant to the grinding and polishing processing area. The nozzle 3 is connected to the cooling circulation assembly 4. The cooling circulation assembly 4 includes a liquid storage chamber, a recovery chamber, a refrigerating member and a temperature sensor.

[0084] The liquid storage chamber is used to store the coolant, and the recovery chamber is responsible for collecting the coolant carrying abrasive debris and impurities during the grinding and polishing process. The two are connected through a filtering medium to realize the purification and recycling of the coolant. After the recovered coolant intercepts particulate impurities through the filtering medium, it flows back into the liquid storage chamber again, avoiding impurities from clogging the nozzle 3 or scratching the workpiece, and ensuring the processing quality and equipment stability.

[0085] The refrigerating component is used to control the temperature of the coolant in the liquid storage cavity, and the refrigerating component is set as a heat dissipation fin or a cold plate. It can quickly dissipate the heat absorbed by the coolant during the grinding and polishing process, accurately control the temperature of the coolant in the liquid storage cavity, prevent the workpiece from thermal deformation due to high temperature, and ensure the machining accuracy. The temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the coolant in the liquid storage cavity and adjust the working state of the refrigerating component to achieve the dynamic balance of the coolant temperature.

[0086] The cooling circulation assembly 4 sprays the coolant through the connecting nozzle 3, which can not only effectively reduce the temperatures of the workpiece and the grinding tool, extend the service life of the cutting tool, but also reduce the coolant consumption through circulating filtration, lower the production cost, and meet the processing requirements of wet grinding and polishing for high efficiency, environmental protection and high precision.

[0087] The wet grinding and polishing processing equipment provided in the first embodiment realizes wet grinding and polishing through the nozzle 3 and the cooling circulation assembly 4. It can effectively reduce the frictional heat through water lubrication, avoid scratches and material burning on the surface of the workpiece, and is particularly suitable for the processing of soft metals such as aluminum, automotive paint surfaces and precision workpieces. The coolant can not only reduce the temperatures of the abrasive and the tool, reduce wear to save costs, but also enable the abrasive to cut evenly, prevent blockage, and ensure the stability of long-term continuous operations such as large-area polishing. Whether it is high-hardness materials such as stone and glass, or temperature-sensitive materials such as plastics and thin metal plates, they can all be processed by wet grinding and polishing. In addition, wet grinding and polishing can greatly reduce the risk of explosion caused by combustible dust such as wood and metal powder. The effective suppression of dust by the coolant can not only protect the operator from occupational diseases such as silicosis, but also maintain the cleanliness of the working environment, fully meeting the multiple requirements of safety, environmental protection and quality.

[0088] Refer to Figure 14 As shown, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a wet grinding and polishing processing method, which can be realized based on the wet grinding and polishing processing equipment in the first embodiment. Therefore, this method includes all the technical effects of the above equipment. Since the technical effects of the equipment have been described in detail above, they will not be repeated here.

[0089] Specifically, the wet grinding and polishing processing method includes the following steps:

[0090] The robotic arm 1 grabs the workpiece to be processed and transports it for loading.

[0091] Before grasping, place the workpiece to be processed on the material table 95 and at the station 9501 outside the machine housing 53 of the material table 95. The driving member drives the material table 95 to rotate 180 degrees, rotates the workpiece to be processed into the machine housing 53, and is grabbed by the robotic arm 1. The robotic arm 1 grabs the workpiece to the detection assembly 81 to detect the workpiece.

[0092] Multiple polishing mechanisms 21 of the polishing component 2 perform grinding and polishing on the workpiece to be processed. Among them, the multiple polishing mechanisms 21 polish the workpiece to be processed in order from the largest to the smallest roughness. Specifically, the robotic arm 1 drives the workpiece to pass through the polishing mechanisms 21 with decreasing roughness in sequence, and then is polished by the belt grinder 23.

[0093] The cooling circulation component 4 circulates and transfers the coolant to the nozzle 3, and the nozzle 3 sprays the coolant onto the polishing area. After completing the cooling and flushing tasks, the coolant carrying abrasive chips and impurities flows into the recovery chamber through the grid 6, and then is intercepted and purified by the filtering medium to remove the particulate impurities therein, and the cleaned coolant flows back into the liquid storage chamber.

[0094] During this process, the temperature sensor continuously detects the temperature of the coolant in the liquid storage chamber. When the temperature sensor detects that the coolant temperature rises to the set threshold, the control system starts the refrigerating element to quickly reduce the coolant temperature through the heat exchange principle; if the temperature is lower than the threshold, the refrigerating element reduces the working intensity, thereby realizing the dynamic and precise adjustment of the coolant temperature.

[0095] Subsequently, the robotic arm 1 drives the workpiece to the detection component 81 to detect the workpiece again. If the detection result meets the polishing processing requirements, the polishing is completed. If the detection result does not meet the polishing processing requirements, the robotic arm 1 drives the workpiece to the polishing component 2 to continue grinding and polishing and spray coolant. Repeat the above steps until the polishing is completed. Among them, the polishing processing requirements are specifically set according to the workpiece to be processed, and it can be judged whether they are met by thickness detection and surface image shooting.

[0096] The robotic arm 1 places the polished workpiece under the air knife to blow dry the cooling liquid on the workpiece. After the workpiece to be processed is polished, it is grabbed and unloaded by the robotic arm 1, placed on the material table 95 and transferred to the outside of the machine shell 53 by the rotation of the material table 95. After the polishing is completed, the cooling circulation component 4 stops running.

[0097] In addition, when it is detected that the grinding tool 22 in use shows signs of fatigue aging such as wear and chipping, or the cumulative processing duration reaches the set threshold, the robotic arm 1 can also grab the grinding tool 22 and switch it with the tool on the tool rack 9, complete the disassembly action through the second fixed chuck 9101, and install the new tool onto the first fixed chuck 2104 of the polishing mechanism 21 to achieve seamless switching. It avoids problems such as the decline of workpiece processing accuracy and surface quality defects caused by excessive tool wear; prevents equipment failures and safety hazards caused by tool breakage, extends the overall service life of the polishing equipment, and ensures the continuity and stability of wet polishing processing.

[0098] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "over", "on the upper surface", "upper" etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will then be positioned "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientations of "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and corresponding interpretations of the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be made accordingly.

[0099] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first", "second" etc. to define components is only for the convenience of differentiating the corresponding components. Without further statement, the above terms have no special meaning, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0100] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A wet grinding and polishing processing device, characterized in that, include: A mechanical arm (1), the mechanical arm (1) being used to grasp and carry a workpiece to be processed; A grinding and polishing assembly (2), the grinding and polishing assembly (2) comprising a plurality of grinding and polishing mechanisms (21) with different roughnesses, used for grinding and polishing the workpiece to be processed; A spray head (3), the spray head (3) being fixed on the robot arm (1) and used for spraying cooling liquid onto the workpiece to be processed; A cooling circulation component (4), the cooling circulation component (4) is connected to the nozzle (3), and the cooling circulation component (4) includes a liquid storage chamber for storing the coolant.

2. The wet grinding and polishing processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The wet grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling circulation component (4) further comprises a recovery chamber, a refrigeration element and a temperature sensor; The recovery chamber is connected to the liquid storage chamber through a filter medium; The refrigeration element is used to control the temperature of the coolant in the liquid storage chamber, and the refrigeration element is configured as a heat dissipation blade or a cold plate; The temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the coolant in the liquid storage chamber.

3. The wet grinding and polishing processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes a workbench (51), a support frame (52) and a casing (53); A leveling foot (5101) is provided on one side of the workbench (51), and the polishing assembly (2), the cooling circulation assembly (4) and the support frame (52) are provided on the other side of the workbench (51); The mechanical arm (1) is fixed on the support frame (52); The casing (53) is arranged outside the support frame (52) and is spliced and connected to the workbench (51). The casing (53) is provided with an openable and closable window (5301). The casing (53) also accommodates the robot arm (1), the polishing assembly (2), the nozzle (3) and the cooling circulation assembly (4).

4. The wet grinding and polishing processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes a grid (6); The grid (6) is arranged on a side of the workbench (51) away from the leveling foot (5101), and at least two adjacent sides of the grid (6) are provided with a mounting seat (71) for fixing the polishing mechanism (21); one end of the mounting seat (71) is fixedly arranged on the workbench (51), and the free end of the mounting seat (71) is located on the top of the grid (6); The free ends of the mounting seats (71) at two adjacent sides of the grid (6) are connected via a bent plate (72), and one of the mounting seats (71) further comprises a heightened portion (73), wherein the heightened portion (73) is arranged at the connection between the free end and the bent plate (72).

5. The wet grinding and polishing processing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The polishing mechanism (21) comprises a floating mechanism (2101), a motor (2102), a rotating spindle (2103) and a first fixed chuck (2104); The floating mechanism (2101) is disposed on the mounting base (71); the motor (2102) and the rotating main shaft (2103) are fixed to the floating mechanism (2101), the output end of the motor (2102) is connected to the rotating main shaft (2103), and the first fixed chuck (2104) is further disposed on the rotating main shaft (2103), and the first fixed chuck (2104) is used for mounting the grinding tool (22).

6. The wet grinding and polishing processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, A detection component (81) and a control component (82) are further disposed inside the machine shell (53); The detection component (81) is fixed to the support frame (52), and the detection component (81) includes a thickness detection sensor (8101) and a camera (8102); The control component (82) is electrically connected to the robotic arm (1), the detection component (81), and the grinding and polishing component (2).

7. The wet grinding and polishing processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The grinding and polishing component (2) further includes a belt grinder (23), and the belt grinder (23) includes a turntable (2301) and a belt grinder main body (2302); The turntable (2301) is fixed to the workbench (51) and is rotatably connected to the belt grinder main body (2302); A plurality of guide wheels (2303) are disposed on the side surface of the belt grinder main body (2302), and a sand belt (2304) is wound around the guide wheels (2303); the belt grinder main body (2302) includes a plurality of side surfaces, and the roughness gradients of the sand belts (2304) on the plurality of side surfaces are set.

8. The wet grinding and polishing processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a tool rack (9), and the tool rack (9) includes a plurality of placing plates (91) and a plurality of vertical plates (92); The plurality of placing plates (91) are arranged in parallel, and second fixed chucks (9101) are equidistantly arranged on the placing plates (91), and the second fixed chucks (9101) are used for mounting the grinding tool (22); wherein, the grinding tool (22) includes a grinding rod (2201) and a grinding wheel (2202) connected to each other, and the second fixed chuck (9101) is used for fixing the grinding rod (2201); The plurality of vertical plates (92) are arranged in parallel, and the vertical plates (92) are arranged corresponding to the placing plates (91) one by one; in-position sensors (9201) are arranged on the vertical plates (92) corresponding to the grinding tool (22).

9. The wet grinding and polishing processing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The surface of the placing plate (91) where the second fixed chuck (9101) is arranged is set as an inclined surface (9102), and the inclination angles of the inclined surfaces (9102) of the plurality of placing plates (91) are equal.

10. A wet grinding and polishing method, characterized in that, It includes the following steps The robotic arm (1) grabs the workpiece to be processed and conveys it for loading; A plurality of grinding and polishing mechanisms (21) of the grinding and polishing component (2) polish the workpiece to be processed; wherein, the plurality of grinding and polishing mechanisms (21) polish the workpiece to be processed in sequence from the largest roughness to the smallest roughness; The cooling circulation component (4) circulates and transports the coolant to the nozzle (3), and the nozzle (3) sprays the coolant onto the workpiece to be processed; After the workpiece to be processed is polished, it is grabbed and unloaded by the robotic arm (1), and the cooling circulation component (4) stops operating.

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