U-shaped beam double-layer beam storage structure and double-layer beam storage management system

Abstract

The invention relates to a U-shaped beam double-layer beam storage structure. The U-shaped beam double-layer beam storage structure comprises a first U-shaped beam, a second U-shaped beam and a supporting cross beam. The first U-shaped beam and the second U-shaped beam respectively comprise a bottom plate, a web plate and a flange. And the first U-shaped beam is arranged above the beam storage pedestal. And the supporting cross beam is erected above the flange of the first U-shaped beam through the first elastic gasket. And a bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam is erected above the supporting cross beam through a second elastic gasket. The load of the second U-shaped beam is transferred to the flange of the first U-shaped beam through the supporting cross beam, and the load is transferred to the beam storage pedestal through the web of the first U-shaped beam. According to the technical scheme of stacking type beam storage of the upper-layer U-shaped beam and the lower-layer U-shaped beam, compared with isolation type double-layer beam storage in the prior art, under the condition that safety is guaranteed, construction steps are simplified, and consumed materials are remarkably reduced. And through the combination of the stacking type beam storage scheme and the isolation type double-layer beam storage scheme, the beam storage number of a beam factory can be further increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of beam scheduling, and particularly relates to a double-layer beam storage structure for U-shaped beams, a monitoring method for the double-layer beam storage structure, a beam storage management method and a management system based on the double-layer beam storage structure. Background Art

[0002] The concrete trough-shaped beam is a common prestressed or ordinary reinforced concrete structure, characterized by a trough-shaped cross-section, with good load-bearing capacity and economy. The cross-section of the trough-shaped beam is usually in an inverted "T" shape or "U" shape, with a wider bottom, flanges on both sides, and a narrower top. This shape enables the beam to effectively disperse stress in the tensile area at the bottom when bearing bending moments, while the compressive area at the top can utilize the compressive strength of concrete. The trough-shaped beam can be a prestressed concrete beam or an ordinary reinforced concrete beam. The prestressed beam improves the load-bearing capacity and crack resistance of the beam by applying prestress in advance. Due to the optimization of its cross-sectional shape, the trough-shaped beam can reduce the usage of concrete and steel while ensuring structural strength, thereby reducing costs. The trough-shaped beam is suitable for large-span structures such as bridges, highway bridges, railway bridges, and roof beams of industrial factories.

[0003] The beam storage area is a very important part of the precast beam yard. The beam storage area allows for the continuous production of precast beams, without being directly affected by the transportation and installation progress, alleviates the time difference between production, transportation, and construction, and ensures the efficient operation of the production line. The beam storage area plays an important role in the quality control of precast beams, provides an appropriate curing environment for precast beams, ensures that the concrete reaches the required strength, facilitates quality inspection and repair work, and improves product quality. The beam storage area can store beam bodies of different types and sizes according to project requirements, helps to balance the demand fluctuations between production and use, reduces the immediate demand for transport vehicles, facilitates a more flexible arrangement of transportation plans, and reduces the risk of transportation delays caused by factors such as weather and traffic. The existence of the beam storage area enables construction personnel to quickly allocate the required beam bodies according to the construction progress, reduces the waiting time at the construction site, and is conducive to the efficient advancement of large-scale construction projects. In the beam storage area, the centralized storage of precast beams is convenient for unified management and monitoring, reducing safety risks. Compared with the construction site, the beam storage area usually has better storage conditions, reducing the risk of damage.

[0004] The beam storage area and the beam manufacturing area are two closely related and important areas in the precast beam yard. Their relationship and coordination are crucial for the efficiency and quality of the entire production process. The beam manufacturing area is responsible for the production and fabrication of beam bodies, and the beam storage area is responsible for the temporary storage and curing of beam bodies. The beam bodies produced in the beam manufacturing area need to be transferred to the beam storage area, and the capacity of the beam storage area directly affects the production rhythm of the beam manufacturing area.

[0005] At present, the beam storage area of the precast beam yard is designed for single-layer beam storage. To increase the number of beams stored in the beam yard and improve the project construction efficiency, it is necessary to explore the feasibility of the double-layer beam storage scheme. At present, all existing cases of double-layer beam storage for this beam type are isolated double-layer beam storage, and the upper and lower U-shaped beams bear force independently.

[0006] For example, the utility model with the authorization announcement number CN207450728U discloses a double-layer beam storage pedestal structure for precast U-shaped beams, including a pedestal body. The pedestal body is composed of several juxtaposed beam storage pedestal units. Each beam storage pedestal unit includes a pedestal foundation. Lower beam storage supports are provided at the left and right ends of the pedestal foundation. A steel cross beam is horizontally arranged above the pedestal foundation. Upper beam storage supports are provided at the left and right ends of the steel cross beam. Steel columns are vertically arranged outside the lower beam storage supports. A diagonal brace is provided on the side of the steel column close to the lower beam storage support. The pedestal foundation is connected to the steel cross beam through the steel column.

[0007] The single-layer beam storage scheme in the beam storage area of the precast beam yard has a large limitation on the number of stored beams. The construction requirements for isolated double-layer beam storage are relatively high, and the project construction efficiency is low. It is necessary to explore the feasibility of other beam storage schemes. The present invention provides a technical scheme for double-layer stacked beam storage of upper and lower U-shaped beams, especially provides a double-layer beam storage structure for U-shaped beams, a monitoring method for the double-layer beam storage structure of U-shaped beams, a beam storage management method for U-shaped beams and a management system.

[0008] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in the understanding of those skilled in the art; on the other hand, although the applicant has studied a large number of documents and patents when making the present invention, all details and contents are not listed in detail due to space limitations. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not possess the features of these prior arts. On the contrary, the present invention already possesses all the features of the prior arts, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior arts in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the first aspect of the present application provides a double-layer beam storage structure for U-shaped beams. The double-layer beam storage structure for U-shaped beams includes a first U-shaped beam, a second U-shaped beam and a support cross beam. The first U-shaped beam and the second U-shaped beam respectively include a bottom plate, a web and a flange. The first U-shaped beam is arranged above the beam storage pedestal. The support cross beam is erected above the flange of the first U-shaped beam through a first elastic gasket. The bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam is erected above the support cross beam through a second elastic gasket. The load of the second U-shaped beam is transferred to the flange of the first U-shaped beam through the support cross beam, and the load is transmitted to the beam storage pedestal through the web of the first U-shaped beam.

[0010] This application provides a technical solution for stacked storage of upper and lower U-shaped beams. Compared with the isolated double-layer beam storage in the prior art, while ensuring safety, the construction steps are simplified and the material consumption is significantly reduced. Moreover, by combining this stacked beam storage solution with the isolated double-layer beam storage solution, the beam storage capacity of the beam yard can be further increased. The technical solution of the stacked storage of upper and lower U-shaped beams in this application, compared with single-layer beam storage, can double the beam storage quantity within the same area, greatly improving the storage efficiency. Compared with the isolated double-layer beam storage solution, through direct stacking, the space is maximally utilized, without the need to separately construct a fixed isolation beam storage structure. The construction steps of the beam yard are simplified, the material consumption is reduced, the beam storage process is simplified, the overall construction cost is reduced, and it can be deployed and used more quickly. At the same time, the safety of beam storage is ensured. The technical solution of the stacked storage of upper and lower U-shaped beams in this application realizes the uniform transfer of the load of the upper beam body through the support cross beam and the elastic gasket, and can be flexibly converted between single-layer and double-layer according to requirements. This direct stacked double-layer beam storage solution shows obvious advantages in terms of space utilization, cost-effectiveness, operation flexibility, and management efficiency. It not only increases the capacity of the beam storage area, but also simplifies the overall structure and reduces the construction and operation costs. This solution is particularly suitable for precast beam yards with limited space or those requiring high-efficiency operation, and can significantly improve the overall production and storage efficiency.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the support cross beam includes a long beam disposed above the flange of the first U-shaped beam and at least two feet for contacting the bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam. Through the structure of this support cross beam, the long beam can evenly disperse the weight of the upper second U-shaped beam, avoid local stress concentration, and reduce the local pressure on the lower beam. At least two feet ensure stability and reduce the risk of overturning. Preferably, the feet may be designed to be height-adjustable and / or spacing-adjustable to adapt to U-shaped beams of different sizes. This design can be applicable to U-shaped beams of various specifications, increasing the flexibility of use. The design of the long beam plus feet facilitates quick installation and disassembly, and standardized support cross beam units can also be prefabricated, facilitating large-scale production and application. The support cross beam can be designed to be detachable, facilitating transportation and storage, and can be compactly stacked when not in use, saving storage space. The long beam structure facilitates the installation of stress sensors to monitor the stress situation in real time, and optimize future design and use plans through the monitored data.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, both the long beam and the support legs are formed by welding two I-beams together with a top steel plate and a bottom steel plate to form an integral cross-section, and stiffeners are vertically arranged on the webs of the I-beams. The I-beams have excellent bending resistance and can effectively carry and transfer the weight of the upper U-shaped beam. By using two I-beams, the load-bearing capacity and stiffness of the cross beam are significantly increased. The welding of the top steel plate and the bottom steel plate forms a closed cross-section, further improving the torsional resistance of the structure. The shape of the I-beam itself is designed to obtain the maximum strength with the minimum weight. Compared with a solid cross-section, this design can significantly reduce the self-weight while ensuring strength. The combination of double I-beams increases the moment of inertia of the cross-section and significantly improves the bending resistance of the cross beam. The vertical stiffeners on the webs enhance the local stability of the I-beams and prevent the webs from buckling. The welding of the top and bottom steel plates forms a closed cross-section, improving the overall stability. The long beam and the support legs can be fabricated separately and then assembled on-site, improving the production and installation efficiency. Through this optimized design, the material usage is minimized while ensuring strength. The structural design can adjust the load-bearing capacity by changing the I-beam specifications or the number of stiffeners, and can also flexibly adjust the lengths of the long beam and the support legs according to the size requirements of different U-shaped beams. The double I-beam design ensures a more uniform stress distribution and reduces local stress concentration. The vertical stiffeners help to better transfer the vertical shear force. The double I-beams provide structural redundancy, so that even if one I-beam has a problem, the other I-beams can still provide support. The integral cross-section design increases the structural stiffness and helps to reduce vibration. The welded structure has a certain internal damping, which is beneficial to suppressing vibration. The symmetric design helps to maintain the overall stability of the structure when the temperature changes. The arrangement of the stiffeners helps to disperse the internal stress generated by temperature changes. This design of the support cross beam fully considers various factors such as strength, stiffness, stability, economy and practicability. It can not only effectively carry and transfer the weight of the upper U-shaped beam, but also has good manufacturing and maintenance characteristics. According to a preferred embodiment, the first elastic gasket is arranged on the surface of the bottom steel plate of the long beam facing the first U-shaped beam in a manner corresponding to the distance between the two flanges of the first U-shaped beam, and the width of the first elastic gasket is the same as the width of the flange of the first U-shaped beam. The same width of the elastic gasket as the flange of the U-shaped beam can ensure full contact between the gasket and the beam, increasing the stability of the overall structure. The gasket is arranged on the bottom steel plate of the long beam and corresponds to the distance between the flanges of the U-shaped beam, which helps to more evenly disperse and transfer the load and reduce stress concentration. The use of elastic material can absorb vibration and impact, improving the shock absorption performance of the structure. By reducing the direct contact between metal and metal, and metal and concrete, wear can be reduced and the service life of the structure can be extended. A reasonably designed gasket can improve the load-bearing capacity of the overall structure, enabling it to withstand a greater load.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the second elastic gasket is laid on the surface of the support leg facing the bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam. The second elastic gasket provides a stable contact surface between the support leg and the U-shaped beam, increasing the stability of the overall structure, reducing the possibility of shaking and displacement. The elastic gasket can help evenly distribute the pressure transmitted from the support leg to the U-shaped beam, avoid local stress concentration, and extend the service life of the structure. The elastic material has good shock absorption performance, can absorb and relieve external vibration and impact, and protect the overall structure. By optimizing the force transmission and distribution, this design can improve the load-bearing capacity of the overall structure. The elastic gasket can compensate for the possible minor manufacturing or installation errors between the support leg and the U-shaped beam to ensure good contact. The gasket can also prevent possible direct metal contact and reduce the risk of electrochemical corrosion.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the lower flange steel plate of the I-beam is 20 mm, the thickness of the web is 16 mm, the thickness of the top steel plate is 20 mm, the thickness of the bottom steel plate is 20 mm, the thickness of the vertical stiffener of the I-beam web is 12 mm, and the thickness of the elastic gasket is 30 mm. The thickness of the lower flange and the top steel plate is 20 mm, providing good load-bearing capacity and bending resistance. The bottom steel plate is also 20 mm thick, ensuring the stability and load-bearing capacity of the overall structure. The thickness of the web is 16 mm, slightly thinner than the flange, reducing the overall weight while ensuring strength. The 16-mm-thick web provides sufficient shear resistance to effectively transmit shear force. The 12-mm-thick vertical stiffener enhances the local stability of the web and prevents web buckling. The 30-mm-thick elastic gasket provides good shock absorption and buffering effects, helping to absorb vibration and impact. The reasonable thickness of each component helps to more evenly distribute stress and reduce stress concentration. Preferably, the material of the elastic gasket is natural rubber, nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber or silicone rubber.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the distance between the support legs of the support crossbeam is set in a manner corresponding to the width of the bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam. The distance between the support legs corresponds to the width of the bottom plate of the U-shaped beam, ensuring uniform distribution of the support points and increasing the stability of the overall structure. This setting enables the load to be transmitted to the U-shaped beam more evenly, reducing the risk of local stress concentration. By reasonably distributing the support points, the load-bearing capacity of the entire structure can be significantly improved. Uniform support can effectively reduce the bending deformation of the U-shaped beam under load. The reasonable arrangement of the support legs enhances the torsional stiffness of the structure, especially under dynamic loads. The reasonable arrangement of the support legs enhances the lateral displacement resistance of the structure, especially under the action of horizontal forces.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, a first pressure sensor is provided at the junction of the bottom plate and the inner side of the web of the first U-shaped beam, and its measured pressure is P1. A second pressure sensor is provided on the outer side of the web of the first U-shaped beam, and its measured pressure is P2. A third pressure sensor is provided at the inward contact part of the support cross beam and the first U-shaped beam, and its measured pressure is P3. A fourth pressure sensor is provided at the contact part of the support cross beam and the second U-shaped beam, and its measured pressure is P4. The structure further includes an early warning module data-connected to the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor and the fourth pressure sensor. The early warning module is configured to: when the difference between P1 and P2 is greater than a first threshold value and the difference between P3 and P4 is greater than a second threshold value, perform a risk early warning. By setting multiple pressure sensors at key positions, comprehensive monitoring of the structure is realized, covering the main stress points. Using the differences between P1 and P2, and between P3 and P4 for comparison, rather than a single value, can more accurately reflect the actual stress condition of the structure. By setting thresholds, the system can issue early warnings in time before problems become serious, which is beneficial for taking preventive measures. The comparison between P1 and P2 can reflect the stress distribution of the bottom and web of the U-shaped beam, helping to evaluate the structural integrity. The comparison between P3 and P4 can reflect the load distribution on the support cross beam, helping to identify potential uneven settlement or inclination. This method allows real-time and continuous monitoring, and can capture the dynamic changes of the structure under different load conditions. The thresholds can be adjusted according to actual situations to make the system adapt to different usage environments and requirements. Through continuous monitoring, the curing plan for the precast U-shaped beams stored in the beam storage area can be optimized. This monitoring method can be applied to U-shaped beam double-layer beam storage structures of different scales and types. Combining with modern communication technologies, remote real-time monitoring can be realized, improving management efficiency.

[0017] The second aspect of this application provides a method for managing double-layer storage of U-shaped beams. The method for managing double-layer storage of U-shaped beams includes the following steps: obtaining first tag information matching the stored U-shaped beams in the beam storage area, where the first tag information includes the size information, storage location information and scheduled outbound time of the U-shaped beams; obtaining second tag information matching the U-shaped beams to be stored in the beam manufacturing area, where the second tag information includes the size information and scheduled outbound time of the U-shaped beams; determining the storage location of the U-shaped beams to be stored based on the first tag information and the second tag information.

[0018] The third aspect of the present application provides a U-shaped beam double-layer beam storage management system. The U-shaped beam double-layer beam storage management system includes: an information acquisition module configured to acquire first tag information matching the stored U-shaped beams in the beam storage area, where the first tag information includes the dimension information, storage location information, and scheduled outbound time of the U-shaped beams, and acquire second tag information matching the U-shaped beams to be stored in the beam manufacturing area, where the second tag information includes the dimension information and scheduled outbound time of the U-shaped beams; a scheduling module configured to determine the storage location of the U-shaped beams to be stored based on the first tag information and the second tag information acquired by the information acquisition module; and a storage module configured to store the U-shaped beams to be stored in the warehouse based on the storage location of the U-shaped beams to be stored determined by the scheduling module.

[0019] Digital management of the beam storage area is achieved through tag information, improving management efficiency and accuracy. Based on the dimension information and scheduled outbound time, the storage location can be arranged more reasonably, optimizing the use of storage space. The record of the scheduled outbound time helps to optimize the access sequence of U-shaped beams and reduce unnecessary movement. The system can dynamically adjust the storage strategy according to the information of newly incoming U-shaped beams, maintaining the flexibility of storage. The scheduled outbound time can be better coordinated with the production plan to improve the overall production efficiency. Each U-shaped beam has unique tag information, facilitating full-process tracking and quality management. The system can perform matching based on multiple parameters (dimensions, time, etc.) to achieve more intelligent storage decisions. By optimizing the storage location and outbound time, the turnover rate of U-shaped beams can be increased. Reasonable storage can reduce the risk of damage to U-shaped beams during storage. Standardized information helps for efficient collaboration among the beam manufacturing area, beam storage area, and other relevant departments. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the double-layer beam storage of a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is the stress diagram (MPa) of the support crossbeam of the double-layer beam storage structure provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is the deformation diagram (mm) of the support crossbeam of the double-layer beam storage structure provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is the concrete stress distribution diagram (MPa) of the support centerline section provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the strain gauge arrangement on the web in the field test of the present invention.

[0025] List of Reference Numerals

[0026] 100: First U-shaped beam; 200: Second U-shaped beam; 300: Support cross beam Detailed implementation manners

[0027] The following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] This embodiment provides a double-layer beam storage structure for U-shaped beams. As Figure 1 shown, the double-layer beam storage structure for U-shaped beams includes a first U-shaped beam 100, a second U-shaped beam 200, and a support cross beam 300. The first U-shaped beam 100 and the second U-shaped beam 200 respectively include a bottom plate, a web, and a flange. The first U-shaped beam 100 is arranged above the beam storage pedestal. The support cross beam 300 is erected above the flange of the first U-shaped beam 100 through a first elastic gasket. The bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam 200 is erected above the support cross beam 300 through a second elastic gasket. The load of the second U-shaped beam 200 is transferred to the flange of the first U-shaped beam 100 through the support cross beam 300, and the load is transmitted to the beam storage pedestal through the web of the first U-shaped beam 100. Preferably, the first U-shaped beam 100 and the second U-shaped beam 200 have the same shape, size, material, and weight.

[0030] This embodiment provides a technical solution for stacked storage of upper and lower U-shaped beams. Compared with the existing isolation double-layer beam storage, under the condition of ensuring safety, the construction steps are simplified, and the material consumption is significantly reduced. And through the combination of this stacked beam storage scheme and the isolation double-layer beam storage scheme, the beam storage quantity of the beam yard can be further increased.

[0031] The technical solution of the stacked storage of upper and lower U-shaped beams in this embodiment compared with the single-layer beam storage, within the same area, the beam storage quantity can be doubled, greatly improving the storage efficiency. Compared with the isolation double-layer beam storage scheme, through direct stacking, the space is maximally utilized, there is no need to separately construct a fixed isolation beam storage structure, the construction steps of the beam yard are simplified, the material consumption is reduced, the beam storage process is simplified, the overall construction cost is reduced, it can be deployed and used more quickly, and at the same time, the safety of beam storage is ensured. The technical solution of the stacked storage of upper and lower U-shaped beams in this application realizes the uniform transmission of the load of the upper beam body through the support cross beam 300 and the elastic gasket, and can be flexibly switched between single-layer and double-layer according to needs. This direct stacked double-layer beam storage scheme shows obvious advantages in terms of space utilization, cost-effectiveness, operation flexibility, and management efficiency. It not only increases the capacity of the beam storage area, but also simplifies the overall structure, reducing the construction and operation costs. This scheme is particularly suitable for precast beam yards with limited space or high-efficiency operation requirements, and can significantly improve the overall production and storage efficiency.

[0032] Preferably, the support crossbeam 300 includes a long beam disposed above the flange of the first U-shaped beam 100 and at least two support feet for contacting the bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam 200. With this structure of the support crossbeam 300, the long beam can evenly disperse the weight of the upper second U-shaped beam 200, avoid local stress concentration, and reduce the local pressure on the lower beam. At least two support feet ensure stability and reduce the risk of overturning. Preferably, the support feet may be designed to be height-adjustable and / or spacing-adjustable to adapt to U-shaped beams of different sizes. This design can be applied to U-shaped beams of various specifications, increasing the flexibility of use. The design of the long beam plus support feet facilitates quick installation and disassembly, and standardized support crossbeam 300 units can also be prefabricated, facilitating large-scale production and application. The support crossbeam 300 can be designed to be detachable, facilitating transportation and storage, and can be compactly stacked when not in use, saving storage space. The long beam structure facilitates the installation of stress sensors to monitor the stress situation in real time, and optimize future design and usage plans through the monitored data.

[0033] Preferably, both the long beam and the support legs are formed by welding two pieces of I-beams with a top steel plate and a bottom steel plate to form an integral cross-section, and stiffeners are vertically arranged on the webs of the I-beams. The I-beams have excellent bending resistance and can effectively bear and transfer the weight of the upper U-shaped beam. By using two I-beams, the bearing capacity and stiffness of the cross beam are significantly increased. The welding of the top steel plate and the bottom steel plate forms a closed cross-section, further improving the torsional resistance of the structure. The shape of the I-beam itself is designed to obtain the maximum strength with the minimum weight. Compared with a solid cross-section, this design can significantly reduce the self-weight while ensuring strength. The combination of double I-beams increases the moment of inertia of the cross-section and significantly improves the bending resistance of the cross beam. The vertical stiffeners on the web enhance the local stability of the I-beam and prevent the web from buckling. The welding of the top and bottom steel plates forms a closed cross-section, improving the overall stability. The long beam and the support legs can be fabricated separately and then assembled on site, improving the production and installation efficiency. Through this optimized design, the material usage is minimized while ensuring strength. The structural design can adjust the bearing capacity by changing the I-beam specifications or the number of stiffeners, and can also flexibly adjust the lengths of the long beam and the support legs according to the size requirements of different U-shaped beams. The double I-beam design ensures a more uniform stress distribution and reduces local stress concentration. The vertical stiffeners help to better transfer the vertical shear force. The double I-beams provide structural redundancy, and even if one I-beam has a problem, the other I-beams can still provide support. The integral cross-section design increases the structural stiffness and helps to reduce vibration. The welded structure has a certain internal damping, which is beneficial to suppressing vibration. The symmetric design helps to maintain the overall stability of the structure when the temperature changes. The setting of the stiffeners helps to disperse the internal stress generated by temperature changes. This design of the support beam 300 fully considers various factors such as strength, stiffness, stability, economy and practicability. It can not only effectively bear and transfer the weight of the upper U-shaped beam, but also has good manufacturing and maintenance characteristics.

[0034] Preferably, a number of stiffeners are vertically arranged on the web of the I-beam. Along the length direction of the web of the I-beam, the density of the stiffeners at both ends is greater than that of the middle section. Along the length direction of the web of the I-beam, the spacing between adjacent stiffeners at the ends is smaller than the density of adjacent stiffeners in the middle section. The thickness of the stiffeners at the ends is greater than that of the stiffeners in the middle section. Through this setting method, the bearing capacity at both ends of the I-beam can be effectively enhanced to resist greater concentrated loads and bending moments. This is because the ends of the structure usually bear greater shear forces and bending moments, so stronger supports are needed to prevent buckling and failure. By arranging more stiffeners at both ends, the stress distribution can be improved and the phenomenon of local stress concentration can be reduced. This can effectively reduce the fatigue damage of the material during operation and extend the service life of the structure. When bearing bending loads, the web of the I-beam is prone to local buckling. By adding stiffeners at the ends, the overall stability can be improved and the buckling failure of the web can be delayed or prevented. The density of the middle section stiffeners is low and the spacing is large. This design can reduce the self-weight and material use while maintaining the structural strength. This design makes the structure simpler in the manufacturing and installation process, reduces the need for a large number of stiffeners, and is also convenient for later maintenance and inspection. Through the setting of these stiffeners, the structure can better adapt to the load changes under different working conditions, enabling the structure to maintain good performance under both dynamic and static loads.

[0035] According to a specific embodiment, the I-beam is I300, the web thickness is 10 mm, the web height is 300 mm, and the yield strength is 235 MPa. The design load that the web of the I-beam needs to bear is 600 kN. The stiffener configuration is that the number of end stiffeners is 5, the spacing is 100 mm, the thickness is 8 mm, and the number of middle section stiffeners is 3, the spacing is 200 mm, and the thickness is 6 mm.

[0036] The section modulus of the end stiffeners is:

[0037]

[0038] Calculate the bearing capacity according to the yield strength:

[0039] P end_total =W end ·σ y =533.33mm 3 ·235N / mm 2 =125,000N=125kN

[0040] The total bearing capacity of 5 end stiffeners is:

[0041] P end_total_all =5·125kN=625kN

[0042] The section modulus of the intermediate stiffener is:

[0043]

[0044] The total load-bearing capacity of the intermediate section is:

[0045] P mid_total = W mid ·σ y = 240 mm 3 ·235 N / mm 2 = 56,400 N = 56.4 kN

[0046] The total load-bearing capacity of 3 intermediate stiffeners is:

[0047] P mid_total_all = 3·56.4 kN = 169.2 kN

[0048] When the rated load acts on the I-beam, the higher load results in greater stress in the end stiffeners, while the stress in the intermediate stiffeners is relatively small.

[0049] This stiffener configuration can effectively improve the load-bearing capacity and stability of the I-beam: The high-density end stiffeners effectively disperse and bear the load. The lower stiffener configuration in the intermediate section reduces material usage and saves costs. Through load-bearing capacity analysis, it is necessary to adjust the material thickness and spacing of the stiffeners to ensure that all stiffeners do not reach the yield strength under the maximum load condition.

[0050] Preferably, the first elastic gasket is arranged on the surface of the bottom steel plate of the long beam facing the first U-shaped beam 100 in a manner corresponding to the distance between the two flanges of the first U-shaped beam 100, and the width of the first elastic gasket is the same as the width of the flange of the first U-shaped beam 100. The same width of the elastic gasket as the U-shaped beam flange can ensure complete contact between the gasket and the beam, increasing the stability of the overall structure. The gasket is arranged on the bottom steel plate of the long beam and corresponds to the distance between the U-shaped beam flanges, which helps to more evenly disperse and transfer the load and reduce stress concentration. The use of elastic materials can absorb vibration and shock, improving the shock absorption performance of the structure. By reducing the direct contact between metal and metal, and metal and concrete, wear can be reduced and the service life of the structure can be extended. A reasonably designed gasket can improve the load-bearing capacity of the overall structure, enabling it to bear a greater load.

[0051] Preferably, the second elastic gasket is laid on the surface of the support leg facing the bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam 200. The second elastic gasket provides a stable contact surface between the support leg and the U-shaped beam, increasing the stability of the overall structure, reducing the possibility of shaking and displacement. The elastic gasket can help evenly distribute the pressure transmitted from the support leg to the U-shaped beam, avoid local stress concentration, and extend the service life of the structure. The elastic material has good shock absorption performance, which can absorb and relieve external vibration and impact, and protect the overall structure. By optimizing the force transmission and distribution, this design can improve the load-bearing capacity of the overall structure. The elastic gasket can compensate for the possible minor manufacturing or installation errors between the support leg and the U-shaped beam, ensuring good contact. The gasket can also prevent possible direct metal contact, reducing the risk of electrochemical corrosion.

[0052] Preferably, the thickness of the lower flange steel plate of the I-beam is 20 mm, the thickness of the web is 16 mm, the thickness of the top steel plate is 20 mm, the thickness of the bottom steel plate is 20 mm, the thickness of the vertical stiffener of the I-beam web is 12 mm, and the thickness of the elastic gasket is 30 mm. The thickness of the lower flange and the top steel plate is 20 mm, providing good load-bearing capacity and bending resistance. The bottom steel plate is also 20 mm thick, ensuring the stability and load-bearing capacity of the overall structure. The thickness of the web is 16 mm, slightly thinner than the flange, reducing the overall weight while ensuring strength. The 16-mm-thick web provides sufficient shear resistance to effectively transmit shear force. The 12-mm-thick vertical stiffener enhances the local stability of the web and prevents web buckling. The 30-mm-thick elastic gasket provides good shock absorption and buffering effects, helping to absorb vibration and impact. The reasonable thickness of each component helps to more evenly distribute stress and reduce stress concentration. Preferably, the material of the elastic gasket is natural rubber, nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber or silicone rubber.

[0053] Preferably, the distance between the support legs of the support cross beam 300 is set in a manner corresponding to the width of the bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam 200. The distance between the support legs corresponds to the width of the bottom plate of the U-shaped beam, ensuring uniform distribution of the support points and increasing the stability of the overall structure. This setting enables the load to be transmitted more evenly to the U-shaped beam, reducing the risk of local stress concentration. By reasonably distributing the support points, the load-bearing capacity of the entire structure can be significantly improved. Uniform support can effectively reduce the bending deformation of the U-shaped beam under load. The reasonable arrangement of the support legs enhances the torsional stiffness of the structure, especially under dynamic loads. The reasonable arrangement of the support legs enhances the lateral displacement resistance of the structure, especially under the action of horizontal forces.

[0054] The inventor conducted a finite element analysis on the above double-layer beam storage structure. The main beam is made of C55 concrete, and the steel cross beam is made of Q235B. A 5m segment at the beam end was selected to establish a finite element model. The main beam was modeled using solid elements, and the steel cross beam was modeled using plate elements. A 3cm thick rubber gasket was set between the steel cross beam and the upper flange, and their connection adopted a compression-only elastic connection. The load of the upper main beam was applied as a pressure load on the upper flange of the steel cross beam. The verification result of the supporting steel cross beam showed that the maximum stress of the steel cross beam was 145MPa, and the maximum deformation value was 1mm.

[0055] Figure 2 Shows the stress diagram (MPa) of the supporting cross beam of the double-layer beam storage structure provided in this embodiment, Figure 3 Shows the deformation diagram (mm) of the supporting cross beam of the double-layer beam storage structure provided in this embodiment, Figure 4 Shows the concrete stress distribution diagram (MPa) of the supporting center line section provided in this embodiment. The web is in a state of small eccentric compression, the overall web is in a compression state, tensile stresses appear inside the roots of both sides of the web, the maximum tensile stress is 1.2MPa, and the rest of the web is in a compression state.

[0056] Based on the finite element analysis, the inventor further conducted a preloading test using a full-scale on-site model test. The supporting steel cross beam was preloaded to verify its safety and stability. During the test, the deformation of the beam storage pedestal foundation and the deformation of the supporting steel cross beam should be monitored. After hoisting the upper U beam in place, the self-weight of the main beam was gradually released, and at least three rounds of step-by-step loading were completed at 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 90%, and 100%. After each round of step-by-step loading was completed, the strain values on the inside and outside of the web were read. The material of the supporting cross beam is Q235. The size of the rubber gasket is 600×485×30mm. The T-shaped butt penetration welding was used between the upper and lower flange plates of the I-beam and the web, and the weld grade is grade I. The fillet weld was used between the top and bottom plates of the steel cross beam and the upper and lower flange plates of the I-beam, and the weld grade is grade II. The T-shaped butt penetration welding was used between the stiffening ribs of the I-beam web and the web, and the weld grade is grade I.

[0057] Furthermore, an on-site test was conducted on the above double-layer beam storage method. During the test, a standard prestressed concrete U beam with a span of 30m (beam weight about 200t) was hoisted by a mobile crane and then placed on another U beam with the same span on the beam storage pedestal. By controlling the oil pressure of the jack above the double-layer beam storage device, the weight of the upper U beam was gradually loaded to the upper flange of the lower U beam at 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 90%, and 100%. During the process, the strain values of all measuring points at each stage were recorded. The specific recording results are shown in the attached table below (for the position of the strain gauges, see Figure 5 , three rows of strain gauges were set on each of the left and right webs). Through the monitoring data limit display, the maximum tensile strain value of the left and right webs was 65.7uε. The concrete grade of the main beam in this time was C55, the standard value of the tensile strength was 2.74MPa, and the elastic modulus E = 3.55×104 MPa. In the case of double - layer beam storage, the concrete strain of the lower - layer main beam is less than (2.74 / 3.55)×100 = 77.2 με, which means it is safe. That is, the maximum tensile strain of the concrete of the lower - layer U - beam in the test is 65.7 με < 77.2 με. Therefore, the double - layer safe storage of prestressed concrete U - beams can be achieved through the double - layer beam - storage device involved in this test.

[0058] Strain Record Table of the Left Web of the First Group of Tests (Unit: με)

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] Strain Record Table of the Right Web of the First Group of Tests (Unit: με)

[0062]

[0063] Strain Record Table of the Left Web of the Second Group of Tests (Unit: με)

[0064]

[0065] Strain Record Table of the Right Web of the Second Group of Tests (Unit: με)

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Strain Record Table of the Left Web of the Third Group of Tests (Unit: με)

[0069]

[0070] Strain Record Table of the Right Web of the Third Group of Tests (Unit: με)

[0071]

[0072] Preferably, a first pressure sensor is provided at the junction of the bottom plate and the inner side of the web of the first U - shaped beam 100, and its measured pressure is P1. A second pressure sensor is provided on the outer side of the web of the first U - shaped beam 100, and its measured pressure is P2. A third pressure sensor is provided at the inward - facing contact part between the support cross - beam 300 and the first U - shaped beam 100, and its measured pressure is P3. A fourth pressure sensor is provided at the contact part between the support cross - beam 300 and the second U - shaped beam 200, and its measured pressure is P4. The structure further includes an early - warning module that is data - connected to the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor, and the fourth pressure sensor. The early - warning module is configured to: when the difference between P1 and P2 is greater than a first threshold and the difference between P3 and P4 is greater than a second threshold, conduct a risk early - warning.

[0073] According to a specific embodiment, assume that the weight of the U-shaped beam is W1 (i.e., the weight of the first U-shaped beam 100), the weight of the second U-shaped beam 200 is W2, and the weight of the support cross beam 300 is W3. Assume that P1 and P2 are the pressures measured at the bottom and the outer side of the first U-shaped beam and the second U-shaped beam respectively. The first threshold is set to 10% of the weight of the U-shaped beam: the first threshold = 0.1×(W1 + W2). Similarly, assume that P3 and P4 are the contact pressures between the support cross beam and the first and second U-shaped beams respectively. The second threshold is set to 15% of the weight of the support cross beam, and the second threshold = 0.15×W3.

[0074] By setting multiple pressure sensors at key positions, comprehensive monitoring of the structure is achieved, covering the main stress points. Using the difference comparison between P1 and P2, and between P3 and P4, instead of a single value, can more accurately reflect the actual stress condition of the structure. By setting thresholds, the system can issue early warnings in time before problems become serious, which is beneficial for taking preventive measures. The comparison between P1 and P2 can reflect the stress distribution at the bottom and the web of the U-shaped beam, helping to evaluate the structural integrity. The comparison between P3 and P4 can reflect the load distribution on the support cross beam 300, helping to identify potential uneven settlement or inclination. This method allows real-time and continuous monitoring, and can capture the dynamic changes of the structure under different load conditions. The thresholds can be adjusted according to the actual situation to make the system adapt to different usage environments and requirements. Through continuous monitoring, the curing plan for the precast U-shaped beams stored in the beam storage area can be optimized. This monitoring method can be applied to double-layer beam storage structures of U-shaped beams with different scales and types. Combining with modern communication technologies, remote real-time monitoring can be realized to improve management efficiency.

[0075] Embodiment 2

[0076] This embodiment is a further improvement of Embodiment 1, and the repeated content will not be elaborated.

[0077] This embodiment provides a method for managing double-layer beam storage of U-shaped beams. The method for managing double-layer beam storage of U-shaped beams includes the following steps: obtaining first tag information matching the stored U-shaped beams in the beam storage area, where the first tag information includes the dimension information, storage location information, and scheduled outbound time of the U-shaped beams; obtaining second tag information matching the U-shaped beams to be stored in the beam manufacturing area, where the second tag information includes the dimension information and scheduled outbound time of the U-shaped beams; determining the storage location of the U-shaped beams to be stored based on the first tag information and the second tag information.

[0078] Digital management of the beam storage area is achieved through tag information, improving management efficiency and accuracy. Based on the dimension information and the scheduled delivery time, the storage location can be arranged more reasonably, optimizing the utilization of storage space. The record of the scheduled delivery time helps to optimize the access sequence of U-shaped beams and reduce unnecessary movements. The system can dynamically adjust the storage strategy according to the information of newly incoming U-shaped beams, maintaining the flexibility of storage. The scheduled delivery time can be better coordinated with the production plan to improve the overall production efficiency. Each U-shaped beam has unique tag information, facilitating full-process tracking and quality management. The system can perform matching based on multiple parameters (dimensions, time, etc.) to achieve more intelligent storage decisions. By optimizing the storage location and delivery time, the turnover rate of U-shaped beams can be increased. Reasonable storage can reduce the risk of damage to U-shaped beams during storage. Standardized information helps for efficient collaboration among the beam manufacturing area, the beam storage area, and other relevant departments.

[0079] Embodiment 3

[0080] This embodiment is a further improvement on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and the repeated content will not be elaborated.

[0081] This embodiment provides a double-layer U-shaped beam storage management system. The double-layer U-shaped beam storage management system includes: an information acquisition module configured to acquire first tag information matching the already stored U-shaped beams in the beam storage area, where the first tag information includes the dimension information, storage location information, and scheduled delivery time of the U-shaped beams, and acquire second tag information matching the U-shaped beams to be stored in the beam manufacturing area, where the second tag information includes the dimension information and scheduled delivery time of the U-shaped beams; a scheduling module configured to determine the storage location of the U-shaped beams to be stored based on the first tag information and the second tag information acquired by the information acquisition module; and a storage module configured to store the U-shaped beams to be stored in the warehouse based on the storage location of the U-shaped beams to be stored determined by the scheduling module.

[0082] Digital management of the beam storage area is achieved through tag information, improving management efficiency and accuracy. Based on the dimension information and the scheduled delivery time, the storage location can be arranged more reasonably, optimizing the utilization of storage space. The record of the scheduled delivery time helps to optimize the access sequence of U-shaped beams and reduce unnecessary movements. The system can dynamically adjust the storage strategy according to the information of newly incoming U-shaped beams, maintaining the flexibility of storage. The scheduled delivery time can be better coordinated with the production plan to improve the overall production efficiency. Each U-shaped beam has unique tag information, facilitating full-process tracking and quality management. The system can perform matching based on multiple parameters (dimensions, time, etc.) to achieve more intelligent storage decisions. By optimizing the storage location and delivery time, the turnover rate of U-shaped beams can be increased. Reasonable storage can reduce the risk of damage to U-shaped beams during storage. Standardized information helps for efficient collaboration among the beam manufacturing area, the beam storage area, and other relevant departments.

[0083] It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are exemplary. Those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also fall within the scope of the disclosure of the present invention and within the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the description and drawings of the present invention are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation to the claims. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The description of the present invention contains multiple inventive concepts. For example, "preferably", "according to a preferred embodiment" or "optionally" all indicate that the corresponding paragraphs disclose an independent concept, and the applicant reserves the right to file divisional applications based on each inventive concept.

Claims

1. A double-layer beam storage structure for U-shaped beams, characterized in that, Comprising: A first U-shaped beam (100) and a second U-shaped beam (200), wherein the first U-shaped beam (100) and the second U-shaped beam (200) respectively comprise a bottom plate, a web and a flange; and A support cross beam (300); Wherein, the first U-shaped beam (100) is arranged above the beam storage pedestal, the support cross beam (300) is erected above the flange of the first U-shaped beam (100) through a first elastic gasket, the bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam (200) is erected above the support cross beam (300) through a second elastic gasket, the load of the second U-shaped beam (200) is transferred to the flange of the first U-shaped beam (100) through the support cross beam (300), and the load is transmitted to the beam storage pedestal through the web of the first U-shaped beam (100).

2. The double-layer beam storage structure of the U-shaped beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support cross beam (300) comprises a long beam erected above the flange of the first U-shaped beam (100) and at least two supporting feet for contacting the bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam (200).

3. The U-shaped beam double-layer beam storage structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Both the long beam and the supporting feet are formed into an integral cross section by welding two pieces of I-shaped steel through a top steel plate and a bottom steel plate, and stiffening ribs are vertically arranged on the web of the I-shaped steel.

4. The double-layer beam storage structure of the U-shaped beam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The first elastic gasket is arranged on the surface of the bottom steel plate of the long beam facing the first U-shaped beam (100) in a manner corresponding to the distance between the two flanges of the first U-shaped beam (100), and the width of the first elastic gasket is the same as the width of the flange of the first U-shaped beam (100).

5. The double-layer beam storage structure of U-shaped beam according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The second elastic gasket is laid on the surface of the supporting feet facing the bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam (200).

6. The double-layer beam storage structure of U-shaped beam according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The lower flange steel plate of the I-shaped steel is 20 mm thick, the web is 16 mm thick, the top steel plate is 20 mm thick, the bottom steel plate is 20 mm thick, the vertical stiffening rib of the web of the I-shaped steel is 12 mm thick, and the elastic gasket is 30 mm thick.

7. The double-layer beam storage structure of the U-shaped beam according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The distance between the supporting feet of the support cross beam (300) is arranged in a manner corresponding to the width of the bottom plate of the second U-shaped beam (200).

8. The U-shaped beam double-layer beam storage structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, A first pressure sensor is arranged at the junction of the inner sides of the bottom plate and the web of the first U-shaped beam (100), and its measured pressure is P1. A second pressure sensor is arranged on the outer side of the web of the first U-shaped beam (100), and its measured pressure is P2. A third pressure sensor is arranged at the inner contact part between the support cross beam (300) and the first U-shaped beam (100), and its measured pressure is P3. A fourth pressure sensor is arranged at the contact part between the support cross beam (300) and the second U-shaped beam (200), and its measured pressure is P4. The structure further comprises an early warning module data-connected to the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor and the fourth pressure sensor. The early warning module is configured to: when the difference between P1 and P2 is greater than a first threshold value and the difference between P3 and P4 is greater than a second threshold value, conduct risk early warning.

9. A management method for double-layer storage of U-shaped beams, characterized in that, Comprising the following steps: Obtain first label information in the beam storage area that matches the stored U-shaped beam, wherein the first label information includes the size information, storage location information and predetermined outbound time of the U-shaped beam. Obtain the second tag information in the beam manufacturing area that matches the U-shaped beam to be stored, where the second tag information includes the dimension information of the U-shaped beam and the scheduled outbound time; Determine the storage location of the U-shaped beam to be stored based on the first tag information and the second tag information.

10. A U-shaped beam double-layer beam storage management system, characterized in that, Comprising: An information acquisition module, configured to: Obtain the first tag information in the beam storage area that matches the stored U-shaped beam, where the first tag information includes the dimension information of the U-shaped beam, the storage location information, and the scheduled outbound time, Obtain the second tag information in the beam manufacturing area that matches the U-shaped beam to be stored, where the second tag information includes the dimension information of the U-shaped beam and the scheduled outbound time; A scheduling module, configured to determine the storage location of the U-shaped beam to be stored based on the first tag information and the second tag information acquired by the information acquisition module; A storage module, configured to store the U-shaped beam to be stored in the warehouse based on the storage location of the U-shaped beam to be stored determined by the scheduling module.

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