Mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device and fiber winding method

Abstract

The present invention provides a mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device and a fiber winding method, which belong to the technical field of composite material molding. The mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device provided by the present invention includes a bracket, a clamping mechanism, a spiral tension spring, a constant force mechanism and a yarn guide mechanism. It has the advantages of both an electrically controlled tension control method and a mechanical tension control method, has a simple structure and high sensitivity, can be controlled in real time according to the tension of the fiber, flexibly set the tension size, and can realize layer-by-layer tension reduction. Based on the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, two fiber winding methods are proposed, namely a constant tension fiber winding method and a tension reduction fiber winding method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material molding, and specifically discloses a mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device and a fiber winding method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid rise of the manufacturing industry, demand for lightweight, high-strength, and environmentally resistant products is growing in sectors such as aerospace, healthcare, and pipelines and containers, leading to the rapid adoption of filament-wound products. Filament winding is a highly automated industrial process, where efficient and stable control of winding tension is a key technology. Winding tension imposes stringent process requirements and significantly impacts the quality of filament-wound products. In the winding process, tension control is complicated by the time-varying, high-uncertainty, and coupled nature of the tension system. Excessive tension can lead to increased fiber wear, and in severe cases, yarn tearing and breakage. When winding plastic-lined pressure vessels, excessive tension can also cause deformation of the mandrel lining. If the tension is too low, the fiber bundle cannot be wound along the intended path on the mandrel, nor can the interlayer properties be guaranteed, ultimately reducing the strength of the filament-wound product.

[0003] Existing tension control methods mainly include electronic control and mechanical control.

[0004] The electronically controlled tension control method, such as the Chinese patent publication number CN215797592U, discloses a secondary tension-applying yarn frame, which controls the constant torque output through a second servo motor, detects the carbon yarn tension through a tension sensor and feeds back the tension signal to the servo motor to achieve constant tension output control of the carbon yarn. However, due to the time-varying characteristics of the tension, the lag in the adjustment of the electronic control system, and the large number of parts and complex installation, there are problems such as insufficient sensitivity, control lag, and inability to flexibly set the tension in the actual production process.

[0005] Mechanical tension control methods, such as Chinese patent publication number CN221343388U, disclose a constant-tension winding support for fiber products. This effectively simplifies the structure and improves the problems of electronically controlled tension control methods. However, it cannot achieve layer-by-layer tension reduction. During the winding process, the tension of the inner fiber layer should be slightly less than that of the outer layer as the winding progresses. Fiber-wound products produced according to this rule have superior performance. This means that the tension of fiber-wound products decreases from the inside out. Currently, no mechanical tension control method can achieve this. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, which combines the advantages of both electronically controlled tension control methods and mechanical tension control methods. It has a simple structure and high sensitivity. It can perform real-time regulation according to the tension of the fiber, flexibly set the tension size, and realize layer-by-layer tension reduction. Based on the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, two fiber winding methods are proposed, namely, a constant tension fiber winding method and a tension-reducing fiber winding method.

[0007] The mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device provided by the present invention comprises a bracket, a clamping mechanism, a helical tension spring, a constant force mechanism and a yarn guide mechanism; the bracket is arranged horizontally, and a yarn guide channel is provided on the bracket; the clamping mechanism comprises a clamping frame I and a clamping frame II located below the bracket; the clamping frame I is fixedly connected to the bracket, and two clamping holes I are provided on the clamping frame I; the clamping frame II is connected to the bracket through a helical tension spring and a constant force mechanism, and a counterweight placement space and two clamping holes II are provided on the clamping frame II, the counterweight placement space is located below the clamping hole II, and a counterweight is placed inside the counterweight placement space; the helical tension spring and the constant force mechanism are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping frame II; each group of constant force mechanisms They all include a spring support, a spring roller and a constant force spring. The spring support is fixed on the bracket, the spring roller is rotatably installed on the spring support, the constant force spring is wound on the spring roller, and the bottom end of the constant force spring is drawn out from the spring roller and fixedly connected to the clamping frame II; the yarn guiding mechanism includes a yarn guide roller I, a yarn guide roller II, a yarn guide roller III and a yarn guide roller IV arranged in sequence along the fiber transmission direction, the yarn guide roller I, the yarn guide roller III and the yarn guide roller IV are all rotatably installed on the bracket and across the yarn guide channel, and the yarn guide roller II is rotatably installed on the clamping frame II; the center line of the yarn guide channel, the center of the line connecting the two clamping holes I, the center of the line connecting the two clamping holes II, and the centers of the yarn guide rollers I, II, III and IV are all located on the same vertical plane.

[0008] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, a plurality of spring upper blocks are provided on the bracket, and the plurality of spring upper blocks are divided into two groups and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yarn guide channel. The spring upper blocks located on a single side of the yarn guide channel are arranged in sequence along a direction perpendicular to the yarn guide channel; two downward-inclined lower block mounting surfaces are provided on the clamping frame II, and the two lower block mounting surfaces are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yarn guide roller II, and each lower block mounting surface is provided with a spring lower block corresponding to the spring upper block on the same side; the upper end of the helical tension spring is connected to the spring upper block, and the lower end is connected to the corresponding spring lower block.

[0009] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, hooks are provided at the upper and lower ends of the spiral tension spring; and clamping holes are provided on the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block of the spring.

[0010] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, the clamping frame II includes two upper vertical plates, two inclined plates, two lower vertical plates and two horizontal plates connecting the two lower vertical plates; the upper vertical plates, inclined plates and lower vertical plates on the same side are connected in sequence; the two ends of the yarn guide roller II are rotatably connected to the two upper vertical plates; the upper surface of the inclined plate is the mounting surface of the lower clamping block; the spring lower clamping block is installed on the upper surface of the inclined plate; the clamping hole II is set on the lower vertical plate; and there is space for placing the counterweight block between the two horizontal plates.

[0011] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, each set of constant force mechanisms also includes a spring guide rail; the top end of the spring guide rail is fixedly connected to the spring support, the spring guide rail is slidingly connected to the lower vertical plate of the clamping frame II, and a spring guide groove is provided on the side of the spring guide rail facing the clamping frame II; the bottom end of the constant force spring is led out from the spring roller and arranged along the spring guide groove.

[0012] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, four groups of constant force mechanisms are provided; among the constant force mechanisms and the helical tension spring located on the same side of the clamping frame II, two groups of constant force mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the helical tension spring.

[0013] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, guide roller I, guide roller II, guide roller III and guide roller IV all include roller shafts and rubber rollers installed on the roller shafts; the rubber rollers of guide roller I and guide roller II are special-shaped cylinders that are thin in the middle and thick at both ends; the rubber rollers of guide roller III and guide roller IV are cylinders of equal diameter, and annular grooves corresponding to the fiber width are provided on the rubber rollers; the length of guide roller I is greater than that of guide roller II, the length of guide roller II is greater than that of guide roller III and guide roller IV, and the lengths of guide roller III and guide roller IV are equal.

[0014] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, mounting plates for mounting the yarn guide roller I, the yarn guide roller III and the yarn guide roller IV are provided on both sides of the yarn guide channel.

[0015] The first fiber winding method provided by the present invention is a constant tension fiber winding method, which is performed using a winding device equipped with the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, and includes the following steps:

[0016] S1, calculate the corresponding winding trajectory according to the core mold shape of the winding workpiece, and test the winding trajectory;

[0017] S2, the fiber roll is mounted on the clamping frame I, and the fiber is drawn out from the fiber roll, passing over the top of the yarn guide roller I, under the yarn guide roller II, over the top of the yarn guide roller III, and under the yarn guide roller IV in sequence, and finally drawn out from the wire nozzle of the winding device;

[0018] S3, calculate the relationship between fiber yarn length and fiber roll mass;

[0019] S4, selecting a suitable helical extension spring based on the calculation result of step S3 and the elastic coefficient of the helical extension spring;

[0020] S5, calculate the mass m of the counterweight according to the following formula 配重 :

[0021] F 拉伸 +F 恒力 =(m2+m 配重 )g;

[0022] Where: F 拉伸 is the total elastic force of the helical tension spring, F 恒力 is the total elastic force of the constant force spring, m2 is the mass of the clamping frame II, and g is the acceleration due to gravity;

[0023] S6, start winding;

[0024] S7, end the winding.

[0025] The second fiber winding method provided by the present invention is a tension-decreasing fiber winding method, which is performed using a winding device equipped with the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, and includes the following steps:

[0026] S1, calculate the corresponding winding trajectory according to the core mold shape of the winding workpiece, and test the winding trajectory;

[0027] S2, the fiber roll is mounted on the clamping frame II, and the fiber is drawn out from the fiber roll, passing over the top of the yarn guide roller I, under the yarn guide roller II, over the top of the yarn guide roller III, and under the yarn guide roller IV in sequence, and finally drawn out from the wire nozzle of the winding device;

[0028] S3, calculate the relationship between fiber yarn length and fiber roll mass;

[0029] S4, selecting a suitable helical extension spring based on the calculation result of step S3 and the elastic coefficient of the helical extension spring;

[0030] S5, calculate the mass m of the counterweight according to the following formula 配重 :

[0031] F 拉伸 +F 恒力 =(m 纤维 +m2+m 配重 )g;

[0032] Where: F 拉伸 is the total elastic force of the helical tension spring, F 恒力 is the total elastic force of the constant force spring, m 纤维 is the mass of the fiber roll, m2 is the mass of the clamping frame II, and g is the acceleration due to gravity;

[0033] S6, winding begins. If the fiber roll is replaced, the counterweight corresponding to the mass of the fiber roll is reduced after the replacement to ensure the continuity of the total mass of the fiber roll, the clamping frame II and the counterweight;

[0034] S7, end the winding.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0036] 1. Through mechanical control, simple structure and sensitive feedback:

[0037] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, the clamping frame II is jointly operated by a spiral tension spring and a constant force mechanism, and is suspended under the bracket. Through the action of tension, the spring length is changed, thereby changing the angle between the fiber and the yarn guide roller, and the tension in the winding process is adjusted in real time. In addition, the device has a small size, saves unwinding space, and realizes fiber unwinding in a small space. Through a purely mechanical tension control method, real-time tension control of the fiber during the winding process is achieved.

[0038] 2. Flexible setting of tension:

[0039] For the mechanical tension control method, how to control the change of tension to reach the preset value is a difficult problem. This device sets a counterweight placement space on the clamping frame II, and a counterweight is placed inside the counterweight placement space. The heavier the counterweight, the greater the preset value of the tension, and the lighter the counterweight, the smaller the preset value of the tension, thereby achieving adjustable tension. In addition, the tension control strength can be adjusted by installing spiral tension springs with different spring coefficients.

[0040] 3. The tension can be reduced layer by layer as the winding progresses:

[0041] Different from the existing electronically controlled tension control method, the fiber unwinding device provided by the present invention adopts a mechanical structure design. Taking into account the reduction in fiber roll mass during the winding process, the change in mass is linked to the tension size, thereby realizing mechanical unwinding control with automatic tension reduction.

[0042] 4. Ensure the continuity of winding tension:

[0043] In the tension-decreasing fiber winding method, if the fiber roll is replaced during the unwinding process, how to ensure the continuity of the winding tension is an urgent problem to be solved. By using this device, if the fiber roll is replaced, the counterweight block corresponding to the fiber mass of the fiber roll is reduced after the replacement, ensuring the continuity of the total mass of the fiber roll, clamping frame II and counterweight block, and thus ensuring the continuity of the winding tension. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device;

[0046] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram from another angle;

[0047] Figure 3 This is the assembly drawing of the constant force mechanism;

[0048] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the constant force mechanism;

[0049] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the yarn guide roller III and the yarn guide roller IV;

[0050] Figure 6 is a diagram of the fiber path in the constant tension fiber winding method;

[0051] Figure 7 is a diagram of the fiber path in the tension-decreasing fiber winding method;

[0052] Figure 8 Diagram of the tension regulation mechanism.

[0053] In the figure: 1-bracket; 1.1-yarn guide channel; 2-helical tension spring; 3.1-clamping frame I; 3.2-clamping frame II; 3.3-clamping hole I; 3.4-space for placing counterweight; 3.5-clamping hole II; 4-counterweight; 5.1-spring support; 5.2-spring roller; 5.3-constant force spring; 5.4-spring guide rail; 6.1-yarn guide roller I; 6.2-yarn guide roller II; 6.3-yarn guide roller III; 6.4-yarn guide roller IV; 6.5-roller shaft; 6.6-rubber roller; 6.7-bearing; 6.8-circlip; 7-upper spring block; 8-lower spring block; 100-fiber roll. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] This embodiment provides a mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, comprising a support 1, a clamping mechanism, a helical tension spring 2, a constant force mechanism, and a yarn guide mechanism. The support 1 is arranged horizontally and is provided with a yarn guide channel 1.1. The clamping mechanism comprises a clamping frame I 3.1 and a clamping frame II 3.2 located below the support 1. The clamping frame I 3.1 is fixedly connected to the support 1 and is provided with two clamping holes I 3.3. The clamping frame II 3.2 is connected to the support 1 via the helical tension spring 2 and the constant force mechanism. The clamping frame II 3.2 is provided with a counterweight placement space 3.4 and two clamping holes II 3.5. The counterweight placement space 3.4 is located below the clamping holes II 3.5, and a counterweight 4 is placed in the counterweight placement space 3.4. The helical tension spring 2 and the constant force mechanism are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping frame II 3.2. Each set of constant force mechanisms comprises a spring support 5.1 and a spring roller 5. 2 and constant force spring 5.3, spring support 5.1 is fixed on bracket 1, spring roller 5.2 is rotatably mounted on spring support 5.1, constant force spring 5.3 is wound on spring roller 5.2, the bottom end of constant force spring 5.3 is drawn out from spring roller 5.2 and fixedly connected to clamping frame II 3.2; the yarn guiding mechanism comprises yarn guide roller I 6.1, yarn guide roller II 6.2, yarn guide roller III 6.3 and yarn guide roller IV 6.4 arranged in sequence along the fiber transmission direction, yarn guide Roller I 6.1, yarn guide roller III 6.3 and yarn guide roller IV 6.4 are all rotatably mounted on the bracket 1 and span the yarn guide channel 1.1, and yarn guide roller II 6.2 is rotatably mounted on the clamping frame II 3.2; the center line of the yarn guide channel 1.1, the center of the line connecting the two clamping holes I 3.3, the center of the line connecting the two clamping holes II 3.5, and the centers of yarn guide roller I 6.1, yarn guide roller II 6.2, yarn guide roller III 6.3 and yarn guide roller IV 6.4 are all located on the same vertical plane.

[0057] The 5.3 Constant Force Spring differs from conventional helical wound springs in that it is made from pre-tensioned, high-yield-strength metal strips (typically stainless steel). Depending on the size of the spring and the load it is subjected to, the 5.3 Constant Force Spring has a fatigue life of between 2,500 and 1,000,000 cycles. Unlike springs governed by Hooke's law (where the tensile force is proportional to the length of the extension), the 5.3 Constant Force Spring provides a constant force throughout its operating range, regardless of the extension length.

[0058] In the fiber unwinding device described above, clamping frame II 3.2 is suspended below bracket 1 by a coiled tension spring 2 and a constant force mechanism. A fiber roll 100 is mounted on either clamping frame I 3.1 or II 3.2, and the fiber is drawn from the roll 100, passing over guide roller I 6.1, below guide roller II 6.2, over guide roller III 6.3, and below guide roller IV 6.4. During the winding process, tension is applied to the spring, changing the length of the spring and, consequently, the angle between the fiber and the guide rollers, providing real-time adjustment of the winding tension.

[0059] A counterweight placement space 3.4 is provided on the clamping frame II 3.2, and a counterweight 4 is placed inside the counterweight placement space 3.4. The heavier the counterweight 4, the greater the preset value of the tension, and the lighter the counterweight 4, the smaller the preset value of the tension, thereby realizing a mechanical tension control method in which the tension size can be set.

[0060] Fiber roll 100 is mounted on clamping frame I 3.1. As winding progresses, the weight of clamping frame II 3.2 remains constant, achieving constant-tension winding. As winding progresses, the weight of fiber roll 100 decreases, achieving decreasing tension. During decreasing-tension fiber winding, after fiber roll 100 is replaced, the balance weight 4 can be adjusted to maintain the continuity of winding tension.

[0061] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, a plurality of spring upper blocks 7 are provided on the bracket 1, and the plurality of spring upper blocks 7 are divided into two groups and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yarn guide channel 1.1. The spring upper blocks 7 located on one side of the yarn guide channel 1.1 are arranged in sequence in a direction perpendicular to the yarn guide channel 1.1; two downward-inclined lower block mounting surfaces are provided on the clamping frame II 3.2, and the two lower block mounting surfaces are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yarn guide roller II 6.2, and each lower block mounting surface is provided with a spring lower block 8 corresponding to the spring upper block 7 on the same side; the upper end of the helical tension spring 2 is connected to the spring upper block 7, and the lower end is connected to the corresponding spring lower block 8.

[0062] Different spring coefficients and stretching lengths exert different forces on the clamping frame II 3.2. The helical tension springs 2 with different spring coefficients are connected to different upper spring blocks 7 and lower spring blocks 8, thereby adjusting the tension control strength.

[0063] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, hooks are provided at the upper and lower ends of the helical tension spring 2, and holes are provided on the upper spring block 7 and the lower spring block 8, making the assembly and disassembly of the helical tension spring 2 more convenient and quick.

[0064] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, the clamping frame II 3.2 includes two upper vertical plates, two inclined plates, two lower vertical plates and two horizontal plates connecting the two lower vertical plates; the upper vertical plates, inclined plates and lower vertical plates on the same side are connected in sequence; the two ends of the yarn guide roller II 6.2 are rotatably connected to the two upper vertical plates; the upper surface of the inclined plate is the mounting surface of the lower clamping block; the spring lower clamping block 8 is installed on the upper surface of the inclined plate; the clamping hole II 3.5 is set on the lower vertical plate; and the space 3.4 for placing the counterweight block is between the two horizontal plates.

[0065] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, each set of constant force mechanisms also includes a spring guide rail 5.4; the top end of the spring guide rail 5.4 is fixedly connected to the spring support 5.1, and the spring guide rail 5.4 is slidably connected to the lower vertical plate of the clamping frame II 3.2. The spring guide rail 5.4 is provided with a spring guide groove on the side facing the clamping frame II 3.2; the bottom end of the constant force spring 5.3 is led out from the spring roller 5.2 and arranged along the spring guide groove to limit the movement of the constant force spring 5.3.

[0066] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, four groups of constant force mechanisms are provided; among the constant force mechanisms and the helical tension spring 2 located on the same side of the clamping frame II3.2, two groups of constant force mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the helical tension spring 2.

[0067] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, the yarn guide roller I 6.1, yarn guide roller II 6.2, yarn guide roller III 6.3 and yarn guide roller IV 6.4 each include a roller shaft 6.5 and a rubber roller 6.6 mounted on the roller shaft 6.5; the rubber roller 6.6 in the yarn guide roller III 6.3 and the yarn guide roller IV 6.4 is connected to the roller shaft 6.5 via a bearing 6.7 and a retaining spring 6.8; the rubber roller 6.6 in the yarn guide roller I 6.1 and the yarn guide roller II 6.2 is thin in the middle and thick at both ends. The rubber roller 6.6 of the yarn guide roller III 6.3 and the yarn guide roller IV 6.4 is a cylinder of equal diameter, and an annular groove corresponding to the fiber width is opened on the rubber roller 6.6; the length of the yarn guide roller I 6.1 is greater than that of the yarn guide roller II 6.2, and the length of the yarn guide roller II 6.2 is greater than that of the yarn guide roller III 6.3 and the yarn guide roller IV 6.4. The lengths of the yarn guide roller III 6.3 and the yarn guide roller IV 6.4 are equal, ensuring that the rollers do not fall off during the yarn release process and the yarn output is stable.

[0068] In the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, mounting plates for mounting the yarn guide roller I 6.1, the yarn guide roller III 6.3 and the yarn guide roller IV 6.4 are provided on both sides of the yarn guide channel 1.1.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] This embodiment provides a constant tension fiber winding method, which is performed using a winding device equipped with the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, and includes the following steps:

[0071] S1, calculate the corresponding winding trajectory according to the core mold shape of the winding workpiece, and test the winding trajectory;

[0072] S2, the fiber roll 100 is mounted on the clamping frame I 3.1, and the fiber is drawn from the fiber roll 100, passing over the top of the yarn guide roller I 6.1, under the yarn guide roller II 6.2, over the top of the yarn guide roller III 6.3, and under the yarn guide roller IV 6.4, and finally drawn out from the winding machine's nozzle;

[0073] S3, calculating the relationship between the length of the fiber yarn and the mass of the fiber roll 100;

[0074] S4, selecting a suitable helical tension spring 2 according to the calculation result of step S3 and the elastic coefficient of the helical tension spring 2;

[0075] S5, calculate the mass m of the counterweight 4 according to the following formula 配重 :

[0076] F 拉伸 +F 恒力 =(m2+m 配重 )g;

[0077] Where: F 拉伸 is the total elastic force of the helical tension spring 2, F 恒力 is the total elastic force of the constant force spring 5.3, m2 is the mass of the clamping frame II 3.2, and g is the acceleration due to gravity;

[0078] S6, start winding;

[0079] S7, end the winding.

[0080] like Figure 8 As shown, during the winding process, the tension (F in the figure) 张力 indicates) and F 拉伸 is constantly changing, when F 张力 When the preset value is increased, F 张力 、F 拉伸 、F 恒力 、(m2+m 配重 ) The equilibrium between g is broken, causing the helical tension spring 2 to shorten, and F 拉伸 Reduce, clamping frame Ⅱ3.2 moves up, so that F 张力 Return to default value, F 张力 、F 拉伸 、F 恒力 、(m2+m 配重 )g reaches equilibrium again. F 张力 The same applies when decreasing from the preset value.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] This embodiment provides a tension-decreasing fiber winding method, which is performed using a winding device equipped with the above-mentioned mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, and includes the following steps:

[0083] S1, calculate the corresponding winding trajectory according to the core mold shape of the winding workpiece, and test the winding trajectory;

[0084] S2, the fiber roll 100 is mounted on the clamping frame II 3.2, and the fiber is drawn from the fiber roll 100, passing over the top of the yarn guide roller I 6.1, under the yarn guide roller II 6.2, over the top of the yarn guide roller III 6.3, and under the yarn guide roller IV 6.4, and finally drawn out from the winding machine's nozzle;

[0085] S3, calculating the relationship between the length of the fiber yarn and the mass of the fiber roll 100;

[0086] S4, selecting a suitable helical tension spring 2 according to the calculation result of step S3 and the elastic coefficient of the helical tension spring 2;

[0087] S5, calculate the mass m of the counterweight 4 according to the following formula 配重 :

[0088] F 拉伸 +F 恒力 =(m 纤维 +m2+m 配重 )g;

[0089] Where: F 拉伸 is the total elastic force of the helical tension spring 2, F 恒力 is the total elastic force of the constant force spring 5.3, m 纤维 is the mass of the fiber roll 100, m2 is the mass of the clamping frame II3.2, and g is the acceleration due to gravity;

[0090] S6, winding begins. If the fiber roll 100 is replaced, the counterweight 4 corresponding to the mass of the fiber roll 100 is reduced after the replacement to ensure the continuity of the total mass of the fiber roll 100, the clamping frame II 3.2 and the counterweight 4;

[0091] S7, end the winding.

[0092] like Figure 8 As shown, during the winding process, the tension (F in the figure) 张力 indicates) and F 拉伸 is constantly changing, when F 张力 When the preset value is increased, F 张力 、F 拉伸 、F 恒力 、(m 纤维 +m2+m 配重 ) The equilibrium between g is broken, causing the helical tension spring 2 to shorten, and F拉伸 Reduce, clamping frame Ⅱ3.2 moves up, so that F 张力 Return to default value, F 张力 、F 拉伸 、F 恒力 、(m 纤维 +m2+m 配重 )g reaches equilibrium again. F 张力 The same applies when decreasing from the preset value.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, characterized in that: It includes a bracket, a clamping mechanism, a spiral tension spring, a constant force mechanism and a yarn guide mechanism; The bracket is arranged horizontally, and a yarn guide channel is provided on the bracket; The clamping mechanism includes a clamping frame I and a clamping frame II located below the bracket; The clamping frame I is fixedly connected to the bracket, and two clamping holes I are provided on the clamping frame I; The clamping frame II is connected to the bracket through a spiral tension spring and a constant force mechanism. The clamping frame II is provided with a counterweight placement space and two clamping holes II. The counterweight placement space is located below the clamping hole II, and a counterweight is placed inside the counterweight placement space. The helical tension spring and the constant force mechanism are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping frame II; Each constant force mechanism includes a spring support, a spring roller and a constant force spring. The spring support is fixed on the bracket, the spring roller is rotatably mounted on the spring support, the constant force spring is wound around the spring roller, and the bottom end of the constant force spring is drawn out from the spring roller and fixedly connected to the clamping frame II. The yarn guide mechanism includes a yarn guide roller I, a yarn guide roller II, a yarn guide roller III and a yarn guide roller IV arranged in sequence along the fiber transmission direction, wherein the yarn guide roller I, the yarn guide roller III and the yarn guide roller IV are all rotatably mounted on a bracket and span the yarn guide channel, and the yarn guide roller II is rotatably mounted on a clamping frame II; The center line of the yarn guide channel, the center of the line connecting the two clamping holes I, the center of the line connecting the two clamping holes II, and the centers of the yarn guide rollers I, II, III, and IV are all located on the same vertical plane; The bracket is provided with a plurality of spring upper clamping blocks, which are divided into two groups and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yarn guide channel. The spring upper clamping blocks located on one side of the yarn guide channel are arranged in sequence in a direction perpendicular to the yarn guide channel. The clamping frame II is provided with two downwardly inclined lower clamping block mounting surfaces, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yarn guide roller II, and each lower clamping block mounting surface is provided with a spring lower clamping block corresponding to the spring upper clamping block on the same side; The upper end of the helical tension spring is connected to the upper spring block, and the lower end is connected to the corresponding lower spring block.

2. The mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the helical tension spring are both provided with hooks; The upper spring clamping block and the lower spring clamping block are both provided with clamping holes.

3. The mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping frame II includes two upper vertical plates, two inclined plates, two lower vertical plates and two horizontal plates connecting the two lower vertical plates; The upper vertical plate, the inclined plate, and the lower vertical plate on the same side are connected in sequence; The two ends of the yarn guide roller II are rotatably connected to the two upper vertical plates; The upper surface of the inclined plate is the mounting surface of the lower clamping block; The spring lower clamping block is installed on the upper surface of the inclined plate; The clamping hole II is provided on the lower vertical plate; There is space between the two horizontal plates for placing the counterweight.

4. The mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each set of constant force mechanisms also includes spring guides; The top end of the spring guide rail is fixedly connected to the spring support, the spring guide rail is slidably connected to the lower vertical plate of the clamping frame II, and a spring guide groove is provided on the side of the spring guide rail facing the clamping frame II; The bottom end of the constant force spring is led out from the spring roller and arranged along the spring guide groove.

5. The mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: There are four sets of constant force mechanisms; In the constant force mechanism and the helical tension spring located on the same side of the clamping frame II, two sets of constant force mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the helical tension spring.

6. The mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yarn guide roller I, yarn guide roller II, yarn guide roller III and yarn guide roller IV each include a roller shaft and a rubber roller installed on the roller shaft; The rubber rollers of yarn guide roller I and yarn guide roller II are special-shaped cylinders with thin middle and thick ends; The rubber rollers of yarn guide roller III and yarn guide roller IV are cylinders of equal diameter, and annular grooves corresponding to the fiber width are provided on the rubber rollers; The length of the yarn guide roller I is greater than that of the yarn guide roller II, the length of the yarn guide roller II is greater than that of the yarn guide roller III and the yarn guide roller IV, and the lengths of the yarn guide roller III and the yarn guide roller IV are equal.

7. The mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: Mounting plates for mounting the yarn guide roller I, the yarn guide roller III and the yarn guide roller IV are arranged on both sides of the yarn guide channel.

8. A filament winding method, which is a constant tension filament winding method, characterized in that: The winding process is carried out using a winding device equipped with the mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: S1, calculate the corresponding winding trajectory according to the core mold shape of the winding workpiece, and test the winding trajectory; S2, the fiber roll is mounted on the clamping frame I, and the fiber is drawn out from the fiber roll, passing over the top of the yarn guide roller I, under the yarn guide roller II, over the top of the yarn guide roller III, and under the yarn guide roller IV in sequence, and finally drawn out from the wire nozzle of the winding device; S3, calculate the relationship between fiber yarn length and fiber roll mass; S4, selecting a suitable helical extension spring based on the calculation result of step S3 and the elastic coefficient of the helical extension spring; S5, calculate the mass m of the counterweight according to the following formula 配重 : F 拉伸 +F 恒力 =(m2+m 配重 )g; Where: F 拉伸 is the total elastic force of the helical tension spring, F 恒力 is the total elastic force of the constant force spring, m2 is the mass of the clamping frame II, and g is the acceleration due to gravity; S6, start winding; S7, end the winding.

9. A filament winding method, which is a tension-decreasing filament winding method, characterized in that: The winding process is carried out using a winding device equipped with the mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: S1, calculate the corresponding winding trajectory according to the core mold shape of the winding workpiece, and test the winding trajectory; S2, the fiber roll is mounted on the clamping frame II, and the fiber is drawn out from the fiber roll, passing over the top of the yarn guide roller I, under the yarn guide roller II, over the top of the yarn guide roller III, and under the yarn guide roller IV in sequence, and finally drawn out from the wire nozzle of the winding device; S3, calculate the relationship between fiber yarn length and fiber roll mass; S4, selecting a suitable helical extension spring based on the calculation result of step S3 and the elastic coefficient of the helical extension spring; S5, calculate the mass m of the counterweight according to the following formula 配重 : F 拉伸 +F 恒力 =(m 纤维 +m2+m 配重 )g; Where: F 拉伸 is the total elastic force of the helical tension spring, F 恒力 is the total elastic force of the constant force spring, m 纤维 is the mass of the fiber roll, m2 is the mass of the clamping frame II, and g is the acceleration due to gravity; S6, winding begins. If the fiber roll is replaced, the counterweight corresponding to the mass of the fiber roll is reduced after the replacement to ensure the continuity of the total mass of the fiber roll, the clamping frame II and the counterweight; S7, end the winding.

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