Trailer state monitoring system and processing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a trailer state monitoring system and processing method, and the method comprises the steps: enabling an inertial sensor module to be installed on a trailer, and obtaining the acceleration and angular velocity data in real time; the tail lamp monitoring module monitors the current and voltage of a tail lamp circuit; the data processing unit filters, fuses and analyzes the collected data; the communication module transmits the encrypted early warning signal and state data from the trailer to the main vehicle in a wireless communication mode; the main vehicle display and control module provides visualized information of the trailer state for a driver; the power management module provides stable power for the system and monitors the power supply state. Real-time and accurate monitoring of the stability of the trailer and the state of the tail lamp is achieved, potential risks are early warned in time, the driving safety is improved, and wide application prospects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle driving states, and particularly relates to a trailer state monitoring system and a processing method. Background Art

[0002] As one of the main tools for logistics transportation, trailers are widely used in fields such as road freight transportation, long-distance handling, and transportation of special items. The use of trailers improves transportation efficiency, reduces logistics costs, and meets the transportation needs of large quantities of goods. However, during the operation of trailers, due to their own structural characteristics and load characteristics, there are problems such as poor stability and high control difficulty. Especially in situations such as high-speed driving, turning, and braking, trailers are prone to unstable states such as rollover and swaying, posing potential hazards to road traffic safety. In addition, the taillight system of trailers is a key component for vehicle signal transmission and safety warning. Taillight failures may cause rear vehicles to be unable to accurately judge the driving state of the trailer, increasing the risk of traffic accidents. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the stability and taillight working state of trailers is of great significance for ensuring driving safety. With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, sensor technology, and communication technology, it provides technical support for the innovation of trailer state monitoring systems. However, existing trailer monitoring technologies still have some deficiencies and are difficult to meet the increasingly strict safety requirements and complex road environments.

[0003] In related technologies, for example, Chinese patents such as CN201811616249.X, CN202311140717.1, and CN202310498040.2 disclose related trailer operation state monitoring systems and methods, etc., but there are still some deficiencies: in terms of performance, the real-time performance is insufficient, it is difficult to monitor the real-time dynamic stability of trailers, the accuracy is poor, and complex dynamic anomalies cannot be accurately identified. In terms of environmental adaptability, in the face of different road conditions, loads, and environmental factors, there is a lack of dynamic adjustment and adaptive capabilities. In the field of fault detection, it can only detect whether the taillights are lit and cannot detect problems such as taillight aging and brightness attenuation. At the system architecture level, taillight monitoring is independent of other state monitoring systems, with low integration, lacking unified management and information sharing. In the communication link, frequent data transmission results in high costs, and there is a lack of effective communication optimization strategies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a trailer state monitoring system and a processing method to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a trailer state monitoring system, including:

[0006] A sensor module, the sensor module is installed around the trailer axle, and the sensor module is used to measure the acceleration and angular velocity of the vehicle in three-dimensional space;

[0007] A tail light monitoring module, which is integrated into the tail light circuit of the vehicle, and is used to monitor the electrical parameters of the tail lights in real time;

[0008] A data processing unit, which is electrically connected to the sensor module and the tail light monitoring module. The data processing unit is used to receive the signals from the sensor module and the tail light monitoring module, process the signals, analyze the signals to judge the stability state of the vehicle and the working state of the tail lights, and generate a warning signal according to the analysis result;

[0009] A communication unit, which uses encryption measures to transmit the warning signal and status data to the master vehicle;

[0010] A master vehicle display and control unit. The vehicle display module is used to display the stability state of the trailer and the working state of the tail lights. At the same time, the vehicle display module is electrically connected to the control system of the vehicle to execute corrective measures;

[0011] A power management unit, which is electrically connected to at least the sensor module, the tail light monitoring module, the data processing unit, the communication unit and the master vehicle display and control unit in the trailer.

[0012] Optionally, the sensor module includes an acceleration sensor, which is used to detect the linear acceleration of the vehicle in the X, Y, and Z axis directions, and

[0013] a gyroscope sensor, which is used to detect the angular velocity of the vehicle around the X, Y, and Z axis directions.

[0014] Optionally, the tail light monitoring module includes a current sensor, which is connected in series to each tail light circuit and is used to measure the current flowing through the tail lights to detect open circuit, short circuit and aging faults; and

[0015] a voltage sensor, which is connected in parallel to each tail light circuit and is used to measure the voltage level of the tail light circuit to judge the power supply state.

[0016] Optionally, the data processing unit includes a signal acquisition module, which is used to receive the original electrical signals from the sensor module and the tail light monitoring module and convert them into digital signals; and

[0017] a data filtering module, which is used to process the digital signals to eliminate noise and interference, and

[0018] A status evaluation module, which is used to analyze the processed data to calculate the attitude parameters and taillight status parameters of the vehicle, judge the stability status of the trailer and the status evaluation result of the taillight, and

[0019] An early warning decision-making module, which is used to compare the status evaluation result with a preset threshold to generate an early warning signal.

[0020] Optionally, the methods for the status evaluation module to calculate the acceleration and angular velocity of the vehicle include:

[0021] The acceleration sensor obtains the original acceleration data of the vehicle in the X, Y, and Z axis directions, and the status evaluation module performs coordinate transformation on this data to convert the sensor coordinate system into the vehicle body coordinate system;

[0022] The gyroscope sensor obtains the original angular velocity data of the trailer around the X, Y, and Z axes, and the status evaluation module performs time integration on the angular velocity data to calculate the attitude angle of the vehicle;

[0023] Adopt sensor fusion algorithms such as Kalman filters to fuse the acceleration data and angular velocity data to eliminate the errors of single sensors.

[0024] Optionally, the processing of digital signals by the data filtering module includes:

[0025] Apply low-pass filters to the acceleration and angular velocity signals to truncate high-frequency noise; adopt an adaptive filtering algorithm to dynamically adjust the filtering parameters according to the driving state;

[0026] Perform moving average filtering on the current and voltage signals to smooth the instantaneous fluctuations and accurately reflect the working state of the taillight;

[0027] Use threshold determination and statistical analysis to identify abnormal signals.

[0028] Optionally, the communication unit includes a trailer communication module, which is used to send the early warning signal and status data to the vehicle, and adopts an anti-interference communication protocol and data encryption measures, and

[0029] A host vehicle communication module, which is used to receive the data sent by the trailer communication module and transmit it to the host vehicle display and control unit after decoding.

[0030] Optionally, the host vehicle display and control unit includes a human-machine interaction interface, which is used to display the stability status of the vehicle and the working state of the taillight, and prompt the driver through vision and sound, and

[0031] An active control interface module, which is used to link with the braking system or power system of the main vehicle when a warning signal is triggered and execute corrective measures.

[0032] Optionally, the working modes of the communication unit include:

[0033] Both the trailer communication module and the main vehicle communication module support Wi-Fi and Bluetooth communications. When one communication mode is interfered, it automatically switches to the other to ensure the continuity of data transmission; and

[0034] When establishing a communication, it executes the three-way handshake protocol to confirm a reliable connection; after sending a warning signal, it requires the main vehicle communication module to send a confirmation reply to ensure that the warning information has been received.

[0035] There is also provided a method for monitoring and processing the trailer state. The data processing unit in the trailer state monitoring system judges the vehicle state and takes corresponding processing measures, specifically including:

[0036] S1: When the vehicle is in a stable state and the tail lights are working properly: The analog signals generated by the sensor module and the tail light monitoring module are converted by the ADC and then processed by the data filtering module; the attitude parameters and tail light state parameters calculated by the state evaluation module are both within the safety thresholds; the warning decision module does not generate a warning signal, and the communication unit regularly sends normal operation state data to the main vehicle; the main vehicle display and control unit displays that the trailer is operating normally and no corrective measures need to be taken;

[0037] S2: When the vehicle detects an unstable state: The acceleration or angular velocity detected by the inertial sensor module exceeds the threshold. After the signal is converted by the ADC and filtered, the state evaluation module determines it as an unstable state; the warning decision module generates a warning signal for the unstable trailer; the trailer communication module encrypts and sends the warning signal to the main vehicle; the main vehicle display and control unit issues an alarm, and the active control interface module triggers the stability control system of the main vehicle to execute corrective measures;

[0038] S3: When the tail light monitoring module detects a tail light failure: The current sensor and voltage sensor detect abnormal electrical parameters. After the signal is processed, the state evaluation module determines the type and location of the tail light failure; the warning decision module generates a warning signal for the tail light failure; the communication unit sends the warning signal to the main vehicle; the main vehicle display and control unit prompts specific tail light failure information to remind the driver to perform maintenance;

[0039] S4: When trailer instability and taillight failure are detected at the same time: the data processing unit processes the abnormal signals of the inertial sensor and the taillight monitoring module in parallel; the warning decision module generates multiple warning signals according to the preset priority; the communication unit integrates the warning signals and sends them to the main vehicle; the main vehicle display and control unit respectively display different alarm information and take corresponding control measures.

[0040] Beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. The present invention uses an inertial sensor module and a taillight monitoring module, so that the system can obtain the dynamic motion data of the trailer and the working status of the taillights in real time. It can timely detect the unstable state of the trailer (such as rollover risk, tail swing, etc.) and taillight failure, avoid traffic accidents caused by trailer loss of control or improper signal indication, and improve driving safety.

[0042] 2. The present invention uses advanced filtering algorithms, dynamic threshold setting, trend analysis and machine learning models through the data processing unit to accurately evaluate the posture and taillight status of the trailer. The system can dynamically adjust the safety threshold according to environmental changes and load conditions, reduce false alarms and missed alarms, and improve the accuracy and reliability of early warnings.

[0043] 3. The present invention can quickly generate a warning signal when the trailer is in an abnormal state, and transmit it to the host vehicle in real time through the communication unit. The host vehicle display and control unit can issue an alarm to the driver at the first time, and link with the brake system or power system of the host vehicle through the active control interface module to execute corrective measures to prevent accidents and achieve active safety intervention.

[0044] 4. The present invention adopts a wireless communication method combining dual-band Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, with automatic channel switching and redundancy mechanism to ensure the stability and real-time performance of data transmission. It adopts technologies such as AES-256-bit encryption and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) to ensure the security and integrity of data transmission and prevent data from being intercepted or tampered.

[0045] 5. The present invention adopts modular design and unified interface standards to facilitate system integration, maintenance and upgrade. New sensors or functional modules, such as environmental sensors and tire pressure monitoring, can be added as needed to enhance the functionality and adaptability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic framework diagram of the trailer status monitoring system provided by the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 It is an analysis diagram of the trailer status provided by the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: 100, sensor module; 110, acceleration sensor; 120, gyroscope sensor; 200, taillight monitoring module; 210, current sensor; 220, voltage sensor; 300, data processing unit; 310, signal acquisition module; 320, data filtering module; 330, status evaluation module; 340, early warning decision-making module; 400, communication unit; 410, trailer communication module; 420, tractor communication module; 500, tractor display and control unit; 510, human-computer interaction interface; 520, active control interface module; 600, power management unit; 610, power supply module; 620, power monitoring module. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] The content of the present invention can be more easily understood by referring to the following detailed description of the preferred implementation methods of the present invention and the included embodiments. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. When there is a contradiction, the definition in this specification shall prevail.

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, in one embodiment, a trailer status monitoring system is designed to improve the safety and reliability of a vehicle, mainly a trailer, during driving. The system mainly consists of an inertial sensor module 100, a taillight monitoring module 200, a data processing unit 300, a communication unit 400, a tractor display and control unit 500, and a power management unit 600. Each module cooperates with each other through specific connection methods to achieve real-time monitoring and early warning of the trailer status.

[0052] In one embodiment, the inertial sensor module 100 is installed near the axle of the trailer and mainly includes an acceleration sensor 110 and a gyroscope sensor 120. The acceleration sensor 110 is used to measure the linear acceleration of the trailer in the X, Y, and Z axis directions, and the gyroscope sensor 120 is used to measure the angular velocity of the trailer around the X, Y, and Z axes. The output ends of these two sensors are electrically connected to the signal acquisition module 310 of the data processing unit 300 through differential signal lines. The differential signal lines use shielded twisted pairs to reduce electromagnetic interference and ensure the integrity and accuracy of signal transmission. In addition, the power supply of the inertial sensor module 100 is provided by the power supply unit of the power management unit 600, and the voltage is regulated to ensure the stable operation of the sensor.

[0053] In one embodiment, the taillight monitoring module 200 is integrated into the taillight circuit of the trailer and mainly consists of a current sensor 210 and a voltage sensor 220. The current sensor 210 is connected in series to each taillight circuit to measure the current flowing through the taillight in real time and detect whether there are open circuit, short circuit or aging faults. The voltage sensor 220 is connected in parallel to each taillight circuit to measure the voltage level of the taillight circuit and determine whether the power supply state is normal. The output signals of these sensors are also connected to the signal acquisition module 310 of the data processing unit 300 through differential signal lines to ensure accurate signal transmission. The power supply of the taillight monitoring module 200 is also provided by the power management unit 600, which uniformly manages the power distribution and monitoring.

[0054] In one embodiment, the data processing unit 300 is the core part of the system and is responsible for receiving and processing signals from each sensor module 100. It includes a signal acquisition module 310, a data filtering module 320, a state evaluation module 330, a warning decision module 340, a dynamic threshold setting unit, a trend analysis unit and a machine learning model unit. The signal acquisition module 310 converts analog signals into digital signals through an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for subsequent processing. The data filtering module 320 filters the digital signals using algorithms such as the Kalman filter to eliminate noise and interference and improve signal quality. The state evaluation module 330 calculates the attitude parameters (such as roll angle, pitch angle, yaw angle) of the trailer and the taillight state parameters based on the filtered data to judge the stability state of the trailer and the working state of the taillights.

[0055] In one embodiment, during the state evaluation process, the dynamic threshold setting unit dynamically adjusts the safety threshold according to the data of the ambient temperature sensor and the load sensor to adapt to different driving conditions. The trend analysis unit performs trend analysis on the sensor data to identify potential risks in advance. The machine learning model unit is trained based on historical operation data to identify complex abnormal patterns and improve the accuracy of anomaly detection. The warning decision module 340 compares the state evaluation result with a preset threshold to generate a warning signal.

[0056] In one embodiment, the communication unit 400 includes a trailer communication module 410 and a tractor communication module 420, which are connected by wireless communication. It supports the combination of dual-band Wi-Fi and Bluetooth and has an automatic channel switching and redundancy mechanism to ensure the reliability and real-time nature of data transmission. The trailer communication module 410 encrypts the warning signal and status data with AES-256 bit encryption and uses cyclic redundancy check (CRC) to verify data integrity to prevent data from being intercepted or tampered with. The encrypted data is sent to the tractor communication module 420 through a wireless signal. After decrypting the data, the tractor communication module 420 transmits it to the tractor display and control unit 500.

[0057] In one embodiment, the master vehicle display and control unit 500 includes a human-machine interaction interface 510, an active control interface module 520, a data recording module, an alarm level management module, and an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) interface. The human-machine interaction interface 510 provides visual information of the trailer status for the driver in the cab, and prompts the driver through visual and sound means. When a warning signal is triggered, the active control interface module 520 is linked with the braking system or the power system of the master vehicle to execute corrective measures such as deceleration or stability control. The data recording module classifies and stores the received trailer status data and warning information, adds a timestamp, and forms a log file for subsequent query and analysis. The alarm level management module triggers different alarm methods at different levels according to the severity of the warning signal, including indicator lights, sound prompts, or seat vibrations, etc., to improve the driver's alertness. The ADAS interface is connected to the advanced driver assistance system of the master vehicle to provide higher-level safety protection.

[0058] In one embodiment, the power management unit 600 provides a stable power supply for each electronic component on the trailer, including a power supply module 610, a power monitoring module 620, a power protection circuit, and a charging management module. The power supply module 610 obtains power from the master vehicle or uses an independent power source to supply power to the system. The power monitoring module 620 monitors the power voltage and current in real time and feeds back the power status to the data processing unit 300. When a power supply abnormality is detected, the power protection circuit automatically cuts off the power to protect the system components. When using an independent power source, the charging management module can charge the trailer power battery through the master vehicle and monitor the charging status.

[0059] As Figure 2 shown, in one embodiment, a trailer status monitoring and processing method, the data processing unit 300 in the trailer status monitoring system judges the vehicle status and takes corresponding processing measures, specifically including:

[0060] S1: During the operation of the system, when the trailer is in a stable state and the tail lights are working properly, the analog signals generated by the inertial sensor module 100 and the tail light monitoring module 200 are converted by the ADC of the signal acquisition module 310 and then processed by the data filtering module 320. The filtered data is transmitted to the state evaluation module 330, and both the calculated attitude parameters and the tail light status parameters are within the safety thresholds. The warning decision module 340 does not generate a warning signal, and the communication unit 400 regularly sends normal operation status data to the master vehicle. The master vehicle display and control unit 500 displays that the trailer is operating normally and no corrective measures need to be taken.

[0061] S2: When the trailer detects an unstable state, the acceleration or angular velocity detected by the inertial sensor module 100 exceeds the threshold. After the signal is converted by the ADC and filtered, the state evaluation module 330 determines it as an unstable state. The warning decision module 340 generates a warning signal for the trailer instability, and the trailer communication module 410 encrypts and sends the warning signal to the tractor. The tractor display and control unit 500 issues an alarm, and the active control interface module 520 triggers the tractor's stability control system to execute corrective measures such as decelerating or adjusting the direction.

[0062] S3: When the tail light monitoring module 200 detects a tail light failure, the current sensor 210 and the voltage sensor 220 detect abnormal electrical parameters. After the signal is processed, the state evaluation module 330 determines the type and location of the tail light failure. The warning decision module 340 generates a warning signal for the tail light failure, and the communication unit 400 sends the warning signal to the tractor. The tractor display and control unit 500 prompts specific tail light failure information to remind the driver to perform maintenance to ensure driving safety.

[0063] S4: When both the trailer instability and the tail light failure are detected simultaneously: the data processing unit 300 processes the abnormal signals of the inertial sensor and the tail light monitoring module 200 in parallel; the warning decision module 340 generates multiple warning signals according to the preset priority; the communication unit 400 integrates the warning signals and sends them to the vehicle; the tractor display and control unit 500 respectively displays different alarm messages and takes corresponding control measures.

[0064] In the entire system, the connection method between each module follows the standard industrial protocol to ensure the reliability and scalability of the system. The inertial sensor module 100 and the tail light monitoring module 200 are connected to the data processing unit 300 through differential signal lines, using SPI, I2C or CAN bus protocols, which facilitates the interconnection and data transmission of the modules. The communication unit 400 uses wireless communication methods, supports the combination of dual-band Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, and has an automatic channel switching and redundancy mechanism to ensure the stability and real-time performance of data transmission. The power management unit 600 supplies power to each module uniformly and monitors the power supply status in real time through the power monitoring unit to ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0065] Through this embodiment, the system realizes the real-time monitoring and warning of the trailer stability and the tail light status, providing comprehensive safety protection. The system adopts advanced sensor technology, data processing algorithms and reliable communication means to improve the active safety performance of the vehicle. Each module adopts a modular design, which facilitates the integration and function expansion of the system. This system has broad application prospects and practical significance, can meet the high requirements of modern logistics transportation for safety and intelligence, and provides new ideas for the development of trailer monitoring technology.

[0066] In one embodiment, an operation mode, working mechanism, and output state of a trailer status monitoring system under various working conditions are provided. The system realizes real-time monitoring and early warning of the trailer status through the collaborative work of multiple modules installed on the trailer and the tractor, ensuring the safe operation of the vehicle under different working conditions.

[0067] The system mainly consists of the following parts: an inertial sensor module 100 and a tail light monitoring module 200 installed on the trailer, a data processing unit 300 (DPU) responsible for data processing, a communication unit 400 for realizing communication between the trailer and the tractor, a tractor display and control unit 500 installed on the tractor, and a power management unit 600 for powering the system. Each module communicates and collaborates with each other through specific connection methods to form a complete monitoring and control system.

[0068] Under normal driving conditions, the trailer is driving at a constant speed on a flat road with good road conditions and no abnormal situations. The acceleration sensor 110 and gyroscope sensor 120 in the sensor module 100 collect the acceleration and angular velocity data of the trailer in real time, and these data are transmitted to the signal acquisition module 310 of the data processing unit 300 through differential signal lines. The tail light monitoring module 200 monitors the current and voltage parameters of each tail light circuit through the current sensor 210 and voltage sensor 220 to ensure the normal operation of the tail lights. The data processing unit 300 performs analog-to-digital conversion and filtering on the collected data to eliminate noise and interference. The trailer attitude parameters (such as roll angle and pitch angle) calculated by the state evaluation module 330 are all within the safety thresholds, and the early warning decision module 340 does not generate an early warning signal. The communication unit 400 transmits the normal operation status data of the trailer to the tractor through wireless communication at a set time interval. The tractor display and control unit 500 displays "Trailer status normal" on the human-machine interface 510, and the driver does not need to take any additional operations.

[0069] In one embodiment, when the trailer is traveling on a mountain road and encounters a sharp turn, the vehicle speed is relatively high, and there is a risk of rollover. The inertial sensor module 100 detects a rapid increase in the lateral acceleration and roll angular velocity of the trailer. These data are transmitted to the data processing unit 300 via the signal acquisition module 310. The filtering module of the data processing unit 300 processes the mutated signals and retains the effective dynamic change information. When the roll angle calculated by the state evaluation module 330 reaches or exceeds a preset safety threshold (e.g., ±10°), the dynamic threshold setting unit adjusts the safety threshold according to the current vehicle speed and trailer load to adapt to the actual situation. The warning decision module 340 generates a high-priority warning signal based on the situation exceeding the threshold, including the roll angle data of the trailer and the rollover risk level. The communication unit 400 encrypts the warning signal and immediately sends it wirelessly to the tractor. The tractor display and control unit 500 displays "Trailer rollover risk" with a prominent red warning sign on the human-machine interface 510 and is accompanied by a high-frequency alarm sound. The active control interface module 520 is linked with the electronic stability program (ESP) of the tractor to trigger active deceleration and stability control. After receiving the alarm, the driver quickly takes measures to decelerate and keep the direction stable, and safely passes through the curve. The system successfully warns and assists the driver to avoid rollover accidents, improving driving safety.

[0070] In one embodiment, in the case of emergency braking, when an obstacle suddenly appears ahead and the driver performs emergency braking, the trailer may experience a fishtail or swing. The acceleration sensor 110 of the inertial sensor module 100 detects a sharp increase in the longitudinal deceleration, and the gyroscope sensor 120 detects an abnormal increase in the yaw angular velocity of the trailer. The data processing unit 300 filters and analyzes these drastically changing data, and the state evaluation module 330 determines that the trailer has a risk of fishtailing. The warning decision module 340 generates an emergency warning signal marked as the highest priority, and the communication unit 400 immediately sends the warning signal to the tractor. The tractor display and control unit 500 prompts "Trailer fishtail risk" with a flashing red alarm and a continuous alarm sound. The active control interface module 520 triggers the anti-lock braking system (ABS) and electronic stability control system (ESC) of the tractor to automatically adjust the braking force distribution and prevent the trailer from fishtailing. The driver keeps the direction stable according to the prompt, avoiding a possible accident. The system quickly responds to the emergency situation and assists the driver in stabilizing the vehicle.

[0071] In one embodiment, during night driving, when the right rear lamp of the trailer fails, the current sensor 210 of the rear lamp monitoring module 200 detects that the current of the right rear lamp is zero while the voltage is normal, indicating that the rear lamp may be open-circuited. The status evaluation module 330 of the data processing unit 300 determines that there is an open-circuit fault in the right rear lamp, and the early warning decision module 340 generates an early warning signal with medium priority, including the fault location and type. The communication unit 400 sends the early warning signal to the towing vehicle, and the display and control unit 500 of the towing vehicle displays "Right rear lamp failure, please repair as soon as possible" on the human-machine interaction interface 510, accompanied by a prompt tone. After receiving the prompt, the driver pays attention to the vehicles behind, plans to stop at a safe location to check and replace the rear lamp, and prevents traffic accidents caused by the failure of the rear lamp.

[0072] In one embodiment, when the power supply of the trailer is abnormal, the power monitoring unit of the power management unit 600 detects that the voltage drops below the undervoltage threshold, which may affect the normal operation of the system. The status evaluation module 330 of the data processing unit 300 determines that the power supply is abnormal, and the early warning decision module 340 generates an early warning signal with high priority to indicate the power supply fault. The communication unit 400, with the support of the backup power supply, sends the early warning signal to the towing vehicle. The display and control unit 500 of the towing vehicle displays "Trailer power supply failure, the system may not work properly", accompanied by an alarm tone. The driver is advised to drive carefully and deal with the power supply problem as soon as possible. The system still successfully sends an early warning in case of power supply abnormality, ensuring the timeliness of information transmission.

[0073] In one embodiment, when the trailer is driving on a wet and slippery road surface in rainy weather, the environmental sensor detects high humidity and low temperature, and there may be water accumulation or ice on the road surface. The dynamic threshold setting unit of the data processing unit 300 dynamically reduces the safety threshold according to the environmental data, improving the sensitivity of the system. The status evaluation module 330 identifies the small attitude changes of the trailer on the wet and slippery road surface, and the early warning decision module 340 generates an early warning signal when the attitude parameters of the trailer are close to the safety threshold. The communication unit 400 sends the early warning signal to the towing vehicle, and the display and control unit 500 of the towing vehicle prompts "Wet and slippery road surface, drive carefully". The driver reduces the vehicle speed according to the prompt, maintains a safe distance, and avoids sudden acceleration and sudden braking. The system intelligently adjusts according to the environmental changes, provides effective driving advice, and prevents accidents.

[0074] In one embodiment, if there is a risk of loosening or detachment of the connection device during the driving of the trailer, the inertial sensor module 100 may detect that the motion state of the trailer is inconsistent with that of the tractor, and the communication unit 400 may detect a decrease in signal quality. The data processing unit 300 synthesizes the sensor data and communication status, determines that the trailer connection is abnormal, and the warning decision-making module 340 generates a warning signal with the highest priority to indicate the abnormal trailer connection. The communication unit 400 sends the warning signal to the tractor as much as possible; if the communication is interrupted, the system attempts to use an alternative communication method. The display and control unit 500 of the tractor flashes a red alarm, displays "Abnormal trailer connection, stop and check immediately", and is accompanied by a continuous alarm sound. The active control interface module 520 instructs the tractor to gradually decelerate to avoid the trailer falling off due to sudden braking. The driver immediately takes safety measures, decelerates and stops, and checks the trailer connection device. The system promptly identifies the abnormal trailer connection and prevents possible serious accidents.

[0075] Through the operating mechanisms in the above various working conditions, the system realizes the comprehensive monitoring of the stability and taillight status of the trailer. Through real-time data acquisition, intelligent data processing, rapid warning decision-making, reliable communication transmission, and effective information feedback, the system ensures the safe operation of the trailer under various complex working conditions. With the assistance of the system, the driver can timely understand the status of the trailer, make correct judgments and operations, and improve the overall driving safety.

[0076] The advantages of this system lie in its comprehensiveness and intelligence. It can not only monitor the stability and taillight status of the trailer, but also dynamically adjust the safety threshold according to factors such as the environment and load to adapt to different driving environments. The system can actively intervene in vehicle control in case of emergencies to prevent accidents. At the same time, the system adopts encrypted communication and redundancy mechanisms to ensure the security and reliability of data transmission. The user-friendly interaction design provides various alarm methods and driving suggestions, enhancing the driver's experience and safety awareness.

[0077] This embodiment demonstrates the effectiveness and reliability of the system in practical applications. The system can monitor the trailer status in real time under various complex working conditions, promptly warn of potential risks, assist the driver in making correct decisions, improve the safety and transportation efficiency of trailer driving, and has broad application value and promotion prospects. This embodiment provides an in-depth understanding and practical guidance of the present invention through a detailed description of the operating modes and working mechanisms of the system under different working conditions, and provides an important reference for the development and application of trailer safety monitoring technology.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trailer status monitoring system, characterized in that, Comprising: A sensor module, which is installed around the trailer axle, and is used to measure the acceleration and angular velocity of the vehicle in three-dimensional space; A tail lamp monitoring module, which is integrated into the tail lamp circuit of the vehicle, and is used to monitor the electrical parameters of the tail lamp in real time; A data processing unit, which is electrically connected to the sensor module and the tail lamp monitoring module, and is used to receive the signals from the sensor module and the tail lamp monitoring module, process the signals, analyze the signals to judge the stability state of the vehicle and the working state of the tail lamp, and generate a warning signal according to the analysis result; A communication unit, which uses encryption measures to transmit the warning signal and status data to the tractor; A tractor display and control unit, where the vehicle display module is used to display the stability state of the trailer and the working state of the tail lamp, and at the same time, the vehicle display module is electrically connected to the control system of the vehicle to execute corrective measures; A power management unit, which is at least electrically connected to the sensor module, the tail lamp monitoring module, the data processing unit, the communication unit in the trailer and the tractor display and control unit.

2. The trailer status monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein The sensor module includes an acceleration sensor, which is used to detect the linear acceleration of the vehicle in the X, Y, and Z axis directions, and A gyroscope sensor, which is used to detect the angular velocity of the vehicle around the X, Y, and Z axis directions.

3. The trailer status monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein The tail lamp monitoring module includes a current sensor, which is connected in series to each tail lamp circuit and is used to measure the current flowing through the tail lamp to detect open circuit, short circuit and aging faults; And A voltage sensor, which is connected in parallel to each tail lamp circuit and is used to measure the voltage level of the tail lamp circuit to judge the power supply state.

4. The trailer status monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein, The data processing unit includes a signal acquisition module, which is used to receive the original electrical signals from the sensor module and the tail lamp monitoring module and convert them into digital signals; And A data filtering module, which is used to process the digital signals to eliminate noise and interference, and A state evaluation module, which is used to analyze the processed data to calculate the attitude parameters of the vehicle and the tail lamp state parameters, judge the stability state of the trailer and the state evaluation result of the tail lamp, and A warning decision module, which is used to compare the state evaluation result with a preset threshold value and generate a warning signal.

5. The trailer state monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ways for the state evaluation module to calculate the acceleration and angular velocity of the vehicle include: The acceleration sensor obtains the original acceleration data of the vehicle in the X, Y, and Z axis directions, and the state evaluation module performs coordinate transformation on this data to convert the sensor coordinate system into the vehicle body coordinate system; The gyroscope sensor obtains the original angular velocity data of the trailer around the X, Y, and Z axis, and the state evaluation module performs time integration on the angular velocity data to calculate the attitude angle of the vehicle; Using a sensor fusion algorithm such as a Kalman filter to fuse the acceleration data and the angular velocity data to eliminate the error of a single sensor.

6. The trailer status monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein The data filtering module processes the digital signal including: Apply low-pass filters to acceleration and angular velocity signals to cut off high-frequency noise; use adaptive filtering algorithms to dynamically adjust filtering parameters according to driving conditions; Perform moving average filtering on current and voltage signals to smooth instantaneous fluctuations and accurately reflect the working status of the taillights; Use threshold judgment and statistical analysis to identify abnormal signals.

7. The trailer status monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein, The communication unit includes a trailer communication module, which is used to send warning signals and status data to the vehicle and adopts anti-interference communication protocols and data encryption measures, and The main vehicle communication module is used to receive the data sent by the trailer communication module, and transmit the data to the main vehicle display and control unit after decoding.

8. The trailer status monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main vehicle display and control unit includes a human-machine interaction interface, which is used to display the vehicle's stable state and taillight working state, and prompt the driver through visual and sound, and An active control interface module is used to link with the braking system or power system of the host vehicle to execute corrective measures when the early warning signal is triggered.

9. The trailer status monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein, The working mode of the communication unit includes: The trailer communication module and the main vehicle communication module support both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth communications, and when one communication mode is disturbed, it automatically switches to another to ensure the continuity of data transmission; and When the communication is established, a three-way handshake protocol is executed to confirm that the connection is reliable; after the warning signal is sent, the main vehicle communication module is required to send a confirmation reply to ensure that the warning information has been received.

10. A trailer state monitoring and processing method, characterized in that The data processing unit in the trailer status monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 judges the vehicle status and takes corresponding processing measures, specifically including: S1: When the vehicle is in a stable state and the taillights are working normally: the analog signals generated by the sensor module and the taillight monitoring module are converted by ADC and processed by the data filtering module; the posture parameters and taillight status parameters calculated by the status evaluation module are within the safety threshold; the warning decision module does not generate a warning signal, and the communication unit regularly sends normal operating status data to the main vehicle; the main vehicle display and control unit show that the trailer is operating normally and no corrective measures are required; S2: When the vehicle detects an unstable state: the acceleration or angular velocity detected by the inertial sensor module exceeds the threshold, the signal is converted and filtered by the ADC, and then determined as an unstable state by the state assessment module; the warning decision module generates a warning signal of trailer instability; the trailer communication module encrypts and sends the warning signal to the main vehicle; the main vehicle display and control unit issues an alarm, and the active control interface module triggers the main vehicle's stability control system to execute corrective measures; S3: When the taillight monitoring module detects a taillight fault: the current sensor and the voltage sensor detect abnormal electrical parameters. After the signal is processed, the state evaluation module determines the taillight fault type and location; the warning decision module generates a warning signal of the taillight fault; the communication unit sends the warning signal to the main vehicle; the main vehicle display and control unit prompts the specific taillight fault information to remind the driver to perform maintenance; S4: When both trailer instability and tail light failure are detected: The data processing unit processes the abnormal signals of the inertial sensor and the tail light monitoring module in parallel; The early warning decision module generates multiple early warning signals according to the preset priority; The communication unit integrates the early warning signals and sends them to the tractor; The display and control unit of the tractor respectively displays different alarm messages and takes corresponding control measures.

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