Universal unmanned aerial vehicle nest mounting system and mounting method for distribution line

Abstract

The invention discloses a universal unmanned aerial vehicle nest installation system and method for a distribution line, and belongs to the technical field of electric power inspection, the installation system comprises a first supporting rod, a second supporting rod, a nest base, a PT device and an optical fiber unit, the nest base is installed on the top of the first supporting rod, and the PT device is installed on the second supporting rod; the optical fiber unit comprises an optical splitter and an ONU, the optical splitter and the ONU are connected through an optical fiber, the ONU is connected to the nest base through an optical fiber, the PT device and the low-voltage distribution box are connected through a low-voltage sheath wire, the low-voltage distribution box is connected to the nest base and the ONU through sheath wires and used for supplying power to the nest base and the ONU, and the nest base is used for parking an unmanned aerial vehicle. The unmanned aerial vehicle is powered and communicated; by integrating the machine nest base, the PT device and the optical fiber unit, efficient deployment and intelligent operation and maintenance of the machine nest base are achieved. The problems that a traditional unmanned aerial vehicle nest is high in construction cost and poor in environmental adaptability are solved, and the electric power inspection efficiency and safety are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for distribution lines, and in particular to a UAV nest installation system and installation method based on distribution line infrastructure. Background Art

[0002] Currently, traditional UAV nests generally adopt an independent construction mode, where UAV nests are separately constructed at specific locations to meet the takeoff, landing, charging, maintenance, and storage needs of UAVs. However, when traditional UAV nests are constructed separately, they mostly use independent ground base stations or tower installations. First, a base station or transmission tower is built on the ground, and then the UAV nest is placed on the ground base station or transmission tower. However, the floor areas of ground base stations and transmission towers are relatively large and the construction costs are high. Compared with plain areas, the construction difficulty is particularly great in complex mountainous terrains such as mountains and hills, and it is difficult to adapt to complex terrain environments.

[0003] The power of the UAV for distribution line inspection is stored in a battery inside. The power capacity of the battery itself is certain. However, the operation coverage range of the UAV is relatively wide, which makes the UAV need to frequently shuttle between the nest and the operation point to charge the battery. Moreover, the battery life of the UAV is certain, and the battery needs to be replaced in time after being used for a long time. This not only affects the work efficiency of UAV inspection, but also severely limits the endurance of the UAV itself.

[0004] In addition, the existing UAV communication still uses traditional 4G / 5G public networks to transmit information, and there are security risks in the information transmission process, such as being intercepted midway by others and there being a time delay in transmitting the information to the background. Although optical cables have been deployed on existing power poles and towers, there is no resource integration in terms of communication among power poles, fiber optic networks, and UAV nests in the existing technology.

[0005] Based on the above content, it can be seen that the existing UAV nests and power facilities lack deep integration and cannot make full use of existing resources such as power poles and fiber optic networks. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the deficiencies of the above prior art, the present invention provides a general-purpose UAV nest installation system and installation method for distribution lines. On the premise of not adding new land and not interfering with the operation of power facilities, a lightweight and highly reliable UAV nest deployment solution adapted to the distribution line scenario is constructed, solving problems such as high deployment cost, poor environmental adaptability, unstable communication and power supply in the existing technology, and realizing efficient operation and autonomous operation and maintenance of UAVs in the power inspection scenario.

[0007] One or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0008] A general-purpose UAV nest installation system for distribution lines, comprising a first support rod, a second support rod, a nest base, a PT device, and an optical fiber unit;

[0009] The top of the first support rod is installed with a nest base, and the second support rod is installed with a PT device; the optical fiber unit includes an optical splitter and an ONU. The optical splitter and the ONU are connected by an optical fiber, and the ONU is connected to the nest base through an optical fiber;

[0010] The PT device and the low-voltage distribution box are connected by a low-voltage sheathed wire. The low-voltage distribution box is connected to the nest base and the ONU respectively through a low-voltage sheathed wire to supply power to the nest base and the ONU;

[0011] The nest base is used to park the UAV and supply power and communication to the UAV.

[0012] Furthermore, the nest base includes a cabin body, a top cover, and a swing arm. The cabin body is provided with a takeoff and landing platform for the UAV to take off and land. A wireless charging module is embedded and fixed at the center position of the takeoff and landing platform. The top cover is installed on the top of the cabin body, and a top cover is provided on each of the left and right sides of the takeoff and landing platform. The two top covers and the takeoff and landing platform enclose a parking cabin for the UAV. The top cover and the takeoff and landing platform enclose a parking cabin for the UAV. One end of the swing arm is connected to the top cover, and the other end of the swing arm is rotatably connected to the cabin body. The opening and closing between the cabin body and the top cover are realized through the swing arm. A controller is provided on the inner side wall of the cabin body, and both the wireless charging module and the swing arm are controlled by the controller.

[0013] Furthermore, the swing arm includes a main swing arm and a sub-swing arm. The two ends of the main swing arm and the sub-swing arm are respectively rotatably connected to the cabin body and the top cover. The main swing arm and the sub-swing arm are arranged in parallel and have the same length.

[0014] Furthermore, the first support rod is selected as a cement pole, and the second support rod is selected as a 10 kV operating tower.

[0015] Furthermore, the ONU and the low-voltage distribution box are both arranged on the first support rod, and the ONU is located above the low-voltage distribution box. The low-voltage distribution box is connected to the wireless charging module at the center position of the takeoff and landing platform through a line,

[0016] The PT device is connected to the 10 kV distribution line of the second support rod through a line. Power is taken from the 10 kV distribution line of the second support rod through the PT device to provide an uninterrupted power supply for the UAV nest and the ONU, and support automatic charging of the UAV.

[0017] Furthermore, the optical splitter and the optical distribution box are both arranged on the second support rod, and the optical splitter is located below the optical distribution box. One end of the optical splitter is connected to the internal network optical fiber of the background control center, and the other end is connected to the optical distribution box through an optical fiber.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of positioning grooves are formed in a rectangular array on the top end surface of the landing platform, and electromagnetic plates are fixedly installed on the bottom walls of the positioning grooves. A plurality of connecting rods are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the UAV, propellers are installed on the connecting rods, and a magnetic adsorption support frame is fixed at the bottom end of the connecting rod.

[0019] Furthermore, an environment monitoring sensor connected to the controller is provided at the right top cover, and a temperature control unit and a communication unit are provided inside the cabin body. The temperature control unit, the communication unit, and the environment monitoring unit are all connected to the ONU. The environment monitoring sensor is used to detect the surrounding environment and is used to close the base of the drone nest in heavy rain or strong wind weather. The temperature control unit is used to detect the temperature inside the cabin body and is used to adjust the temperature inside the cabin body reasonably in a timely manner. The communication unit is internally configured with an encryption protocol and can encrypt the transmitted data. The ONU is used to transmit the data information of the temperature control unit, the communication unit, and the environment monitoring unit to the background.

[0020] Furthermore, an overload protection device is also provided between the low-voltage distribution box and the drone nest. The overload protection device includes a voltage conversion unit, a first detection and protection unit, a second detection and protection unit, and a fault detection and control unit;

[0021] The voltage conversion unit is used to access the first power signal of the low-voltage distribution box and rectify the first power signal to form a second power signal.

[0022] The first detection and protection unit is used to perform voltage limiting or current limiting processing on the second power signal to form a third power signal, and transmit the power signal to the wireless charging module of the drone nest.

[0023] The second detection and protection unit is used to perform voltage limiting or current limiting processing on the second power signal to form a fourth power signal. The second detection and protection unit is arranged on the line between the voltage conversion unit and the first detection and protection unit.

[0024] The fault detection and control unit is respectively coupled to the first detection and protection unit and the second detection and protection unit to obtain the working state signal of the first detection and protection unit, and control the working state of the first / second detection and protection unit according to the working state signal.

[0025] The first detection and protection unit and the second detection and protection unit can be switched to a normal working state or a short-circuit abnormal working state. When the first detection and protection unit is abnormal, the fault detection and control unit controls the second detection and protection unit to start the voltage limiting and current limiting function. When the first detection and protection unit is normal, the fault detection and control unit controls the second detection and protection unit to enter the short-circuit state.

[0026] Furthermore, a general-purpose UAV nest installation system and installation method for a distribution line based on any of the above includes the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Select a target first support pole, evaluate its load-bearing capacity and the surrounding environment, and determine the nest installation location.

[0028] Step 2: Install a nest base on the top of the first support pole, and rigidly connect it to the first support pole through fasteners to ensure wind and earthquake resistance performance.

[0029] Step 3: Draw out a low-voltage power line from the PT device, connect it to the nest power supply module, and configure an overload protection device between the low-voltage distribution box and the nest base.

[0030] Step 4: Connect the nest communication module to the intranet optical fiber, and configure an encryption protocol inside the communication unit to encrypt the data to be transmitted through the encryption protocol, and configure the encryption protocol to achieve secure data transmission.

[0031] Step 5: Debug the UAV automatic takeoff and landing platform, overload protection device, encryption protocol, and environmental monitoring sensor, and complete the joint debugging between the three system modules of the nest base, PT device, and optical fiber unit.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention integrates the nest base and the UAV at the first support pole, reuses the power transmission tower and optical fiber resources, and reduces the additional infrastructure investment.

[0034] 2. Utilize the PT device to obtain electricity at the 10 kV operating tower, and convert the 10 kV voltage into a stable 220 V voltage by means of its own step-down and rectification functions, and transmit the 220 V alternating current to the low-voltage distribution box. The low-voltage distribution box distributes the 220 V alternating current to the nest base and the ONU according to a certain power distribution ratio, which can ensure the power supply requirements of the nest base and the ONU device, and an overload protection device is additionally provided between the nest base and the low-voltage distribution box to effectively prevent the voltage or current output to the nest base from being too large, thereby protecting the UAV nest.

[0035] 3. The intranet optical fiber communication module realizes the rapid deployment, stable operation, and intelligent management and control of the nest, significantly improving the power inspection efficiency and safety.

[0036] The advantages of the additional aspects of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this invention are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the invention are used to explain the invention and do not unduly limit the invention.

[0038] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the drone nest base of the present invention (including the first support rod, the second support member, the PT device, and the optical fiber unit);

[0039] Figure 2 Flow chart of the charging docking between the drone and the drone nest base of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 Architecture diagram of the internal network optical fiber communication module of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drone nest base of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 Trajectory diagram of the swing arm of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the takeoff and landing platform of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 Position relationship diagram of the positioning groove and the electromagnetic plate of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 Structure block diagram of the overload protection device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drone of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first detection and protection unit of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second detection and protection unit of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 12 Main circuit diagram of the temperature control unit of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 13 Detailed circuit diagram of the temperature control unit of the present invention;

[0051] Among them, 1. First support rod; 2. Second support rod; 3. Nest base; 4. PT device; 5. Splitter; 6. ONU; 7. Low-voltage distribution box; 8. Low-voltage sheathed wire; 9. Drone; 10. Cabin; 11. Top cover; 12. Swing arm; 13. Takeoff and landing platform; 14. Wireless charging module; 15. Controller; 16. Positioning groove; 17. Electromagnetic plate; 18. Connecting rod; 19. Propeller; 20. Magnetic support frame; 21. Environmental monitoring sensor; 22. Connector; 23. Inductive component; 24. Control component; 25. Control chip; 26. Communication chip; 27. Power supply chip; 28. Main swing arm; 29. Sub-swing arm; 30. Overload protection device; 31. Voltage conversion unit; 32. First detection and protection unit; 33. Second detection and protection unit; 34. Fault detection and control unit; 35. Optical distribution box. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all exemplary and are intended to provide further explanations of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs; it should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0053] Without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0054] Embodiment 1

[0055] As Figure 1 shown, a general-purpose drone nest installation system for a power distribution line includes a first support rod 1, a second support rod 2, a nest base 3, a PT device 4, and an optical fiber unit.

[0056] The nest base 3 is installed at the top of the first support rod 1, the PT device 4 is installed on the second support rod 2, the optical fiber unit includes a splitter 5 and an ONU 6, the splitter 5 and the ONU 6 are connected by an optical fiber, the ONU is connected to the nest base 3 through an optical fiber, the PT device 4 and the low-voltage distribution box 7 are connected by a low-voltage sheathed wire 8, and the low-voltage distribution box 7 is connected to the nest base and the ONU respectively through a low-voltage sheathed wire to supply power to the nest base and the ONU;

[0057] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, the drone base 3 is used to park the drone 9, supply power and communicate with the drone. The drone base selects a lightweight carbon fiber drone base with dimensions of 1.2m×1.0m×0.8m and a load capacity of ≥20kg. The drone base in this embodiment belongs to a structure style that can be opened left and right. Specifically, the drone base 3 includes a cabin 10, a top cover 11 and a swing arm 12. The cabin 10 is provided with a take-off and landing platform 13 for the drone to take off and land. A wireless charging module 14 is fixedly embedded at the center position of the take-off and landing platform. The top cover 11 is installed on the top of the cabin, and a top cover is provided on each side of the left and right sides of the take-off and landing platform. The top covers on both sides and the take-off and landing platform 13 enclose a parking cabin for the drone. One end of the swing arm 12 is connected to the top cover, and the other end of the swing arm is rotatably connected to the cabin. The opening and closing between the cabin and the top cover is realized through the swing arm. A controller 15 is provided on the top side wall of the left top cover. The wireless charging module and the swing arm are both controlled by the controller.

[0058] As Figure 5 shown, in order to better enable the drone to park stably on the take-off and landing platform of the cabin, that is, to better contact the wireless charging module at the center position of the take-off and landing platform, a plurality of positioning grooves 16 are arranged in a rectangular array on the top end surface of the take-off and landing platform in this embodiment, and an electromagnetic plate 17 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the positioning groove 16. The electromagnetic plate at the bottom of the positioning groove is also connected to the controller inside the cabin. Whether the electromagnetic plate is charged can be controlled through the controller. A plurality of connecting rods 18 are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the drone. A propeller 19 is installed on the connecting rod 18, and a magnetic adsorption support frame 20 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting rod. There is a cooperative relationship between the magnetic adsorption support frame and the electromagnetic plate, and the drone is stably fixed on the take-off and landing platform through the magnetic energy effect.

[0059] As Figure 4 shown, in order to ensure that the above-mentioned drone base is impacted by the outside world, for example, in bad weather such as strong winds and heavy rains, an environmental monitoring sensor 21 connected to the controller is provided at the right top cover, and a temperature control unit and a communication unit are provided inside the cabin. The environmental monitoring sensor 21 is used to detect the surrounding environment and is used to close the drone base in bad weather such as strong winds and heavy rains. If the surrounding is in bad weather such as heavy rain, the drone base will not be opened, and it will only be opened when the surrounding environment is good. The temperature control unit is used to detect the temperature inside the cabin, and the temperature data can be transmitted to the background in time through the ONU, which is convenient for the background staff to judge whether the cabin on site is in a stable performance in time. The data information of the temperature control unit, the communication unit and the environmental monitoring unit can be transmitted to the background through the ONU.

[0060] As Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, specifically, the temperature control unit in this embodiment includes a connecting member 22, a sensing member 23, and a control member 24. The control member 24 is respectively signal-connected to the connecting member 22 and the sensing member 23. The control member is used to control the temperature control unit. The connecting member is used to connect the temperature control unit to an external structure. The sensing member is used to sense the temperature inside the cabin and transmit the temperature data to the control member. The control member 24 includes a control chip 25, a communication chip 26, and a power supply chip 27. The control chip is electrically connected to the communication chip and the power supply chip respectively. The connecting member includes a power interface, a data input terminal, and a data output terminal. The power interface is electrically connected to the power supply chip. By connecting to an external power supply, i.e., a low-voltage distribution box, through the power interface, the electrical energy at the low-voltage distribution box is delivered to the power supply chip to start the control chip. Both the data input terminal and the data output terminal are signal-connected to the communication chip. The communication chip can transmit data to the ONU through the data output terminal and can also receive background control commands through the data input terminal.

[0061] The sensing member in this embodiment is a conductive thermosensitive material. During sensing, the sensing member will change its own resistance value with the change of temperature and transmit it to the control chip. The control chip calculates and converts the received resistance change value into a temperature data signal. The control chip transmits the temperature data signal to the data output terminal through the communication chip for transmission to the ONU. Information is transmitted to the background control center through the optical fiber unit in this embodiment. By setting the sensing member, the sensed external temperature can be transmitted to the control chip. Through the cooperation of the set communication chip and the control chip, the communication function of the temperature control unit can be realized.

[0062] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to more conveniently open and close the airframe base, the swing arm in this embodiment includes a main swing arm 28 and a sub-swing arm 29. The two ends of the main swing arm and the sub-swing arm are respectively rotatably connected to the cabin and the top cover. The main swing arm 28 and the sub-swing arm 29 are arranged in parallel and have the same length. When it is necessary to open and close the airframe base, the controller can be used to control the swing arm to rotate around the connection point connected to the cabin. Since one end of the swing arm is connected to the top cover, the top cover is driven to move by the swing arm. After the top cover moves, the landing platform is exposed. After the UAV lands, the swing arm rotates in the reverse direction, driving the top cover to move in the reverse direction back to the state of covering the landing board. After the top cover moves away from the landing platform, the side wall of the parking cabin is equivalent to the side wall of the top cover. When the UAV lands, it can avoid touching the side wall of the parking cabin and can prevent the wings of the UAV from touching the cabin when landing.

[0063] As Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown in the figure, when the UAV lands on the top center position of the nest base, the flight attitude and speed are precisely controlled through the UAV's own control system, and precise positioning and navigation are carried out through its own navigation system to ensure that the magnetic support frame 20 at the bottom of the connecting rod corresponds to the positioning groove at the top of the landing platform one by one during the falling process. Since there is an electromagnetic plate in the positioning groove, the magnetic support frame 20 of the UAV connecting rod can just form a cooperation relationship with the electromagnetic plate 17 to firmly suck the UAV.

[0064] During the landing process of the UAV body, the magnetic support frame 20 at its bottom can be inserted into the positioning groove. After landing, under the influence of the gravity of the UAV body itself and the magnetic force of the electromagnetic plate, the magnetic support frame moves downward in the positioning groove until it is attracted and fixed to the electromagnetic plate. At the same time, the control module respectively activates the wireless charging module and the electromagnetic plate, so that multiple electromagnetic plates are respectively attracted to multiple magnetic support frames, and the bottom of the UAV body contacts the wireless charging module for charging.

[0065] As Figure 1 shown in the figure, to ensure that the wireless charging module inside the nest base can continuously obtain power, in this embodiment, the first support rod 1 is selected as a cement pole, and the second support rod 2 is selected as a 10 kV operating tower. There is a certain distance between the first support rod and the second support rod. And both the ONU and the low-voltage distribution box 7 are arranged on the first support rod, and the ONU is located above the low-voltage distribution box 7. The low-voltage distribution box 7 is connected to the wireless charging module 14 at the center position of the landing platform through a line. The PT device is connected to the 10 kV line of the 10 kV operating tower through a line. Power is taken from the 10 kV distribution line through the PT device to provide uninterrupted power supply for the nest base and the ONU, which can meet the demand for automatic charging of the UAV.

[0066] The PT device in this embodiment belongs to the prior art. The configuration scheme of the PT device usually includes the following key parts: voltage transformer, protection device, measuring instrument and secondary circuit. The voltage transformer is responsible for voltage transformation, the protection device provides protection against overload, short circuit, etc., the measuring instrument is used to display parameters such as voltage and current, and the secondary circuit connects all components to form a complete electrical system. In this embodiment, the PT device transforms the 10 kV alternating current into 220 V alternating current through the voltage transformer while keeping the current ratio unchanged, and then transmits the 220 V alternating current to the low-voltage distribution box. The low-voltage distribution box distributes the 220 V alternating current to the nest base and the ONU according to a certain power distribution ratio.

[0067] As Figure 1 and Figure 7As shown in the figure, in order to prevent excessive voltage or current from being output to the base of the aircraft hangar, thereby protecting the base of the aircraft hangar, an overload protection device 30 is provided between the low-voltage distribution box and the base of the aircraft hangar in this embodiment, which can perform secondary protection on the voltage or current input to the base of the aircraft hangar. The overload protection device 30 includes:

[0068] A voltage conversion unit 31, configured to access the first power signal of the low-voltage distribution box and rectify the first power signal to form a second power signal.

[0069] A first detection and protection unit 32, configured to perform voltage limiting or current limiting processing on the second power signal to form a third power signal, and transmit the power signal to the wireless charging module of the aircraft hangar base.

[0070] A second detection and protection unit 33, configured to perform voltage limiting or current limiting processing on the second power signal to form a fourth power signal. The second detection and protection unit is disposed on the line between the voltage conversion unit and the first detection and protection unit.

[0071] A fault detection and control unit 34, respectively coupled to the first detection and protection unit and the second detection and protection unit to obtain the working state signal of the first detection and protection unit, and control the working state of the first / second detection and protection unit according to the working state signal;

[0072] The first detection and protection unit 32 and the second detection and protection unit 33 can be switched to a normal working state or a short-circuit abnormal working state; when the first detection and protection unit 32 is abnormal, the fault detection and control unit 34 controls the second detection and protection unit 33 to start the voltage limiting and current limiting function; when the first detection and protection unit 32 is normal, the fault detection and control unit 34 controls the second detection and protection unit 33 to enter the short-circuit state.

[0073] The voltage conversion unit, the first detection and protection unit, the second detection and protection unit, and the fault detection and control unit in this embodiment all belong to the prior art;

[0074] ①. The voltage conversion unit can select components such as an AC-DC power module and an isolated DC-DC converter;

[0075] ②. The fault detection and control unit can select devices such as a microcontroller (MCU) logic control (STM32 series MCU), a dedicated protection IC (such as a UCC21520 isolation drive chip), a digital power management chip, and a PLC (programmable logic controller) system.

[0076] ③. The first detection and protection unit can select a module based on a switching regulator + MOSFET bypass. The core components are: buck chip: TPS54360 (input 48V, output 24V, maximum current 10A) + current limiting detection (Hall current sensor); short - circuit state switching: MOSFET (low on - resistance, paralleled at the output of TPS54360).

[0077] As Figure 9 described, the working logic is: when the first detection and protection unit is normal, TPS54360 actively regulates the voltage and the MOSFET is turned off; when the first detection and protection unit fails, the fault detection and control unit 34 turns off TPS54360 and conducts the MOSFET to directly pass the signal.

[0078] ④. The second detection and protection unit can select an integrated protection IC + digital control combined structure. The core devices of this combined structure are:

[0079] Protection IC: LTC4365 (over - voltage / over - current protection controller, threshold programmable);

[0080] Short - circuit switching: ADG1636 analog switch (low on - resistance, controlled to switch the bypass of the protection circuit). Both the ADG1636 analog switch and LTC4365 are controlled by the fault detection and control unit 22.

[0081] As Figure 10 described, the working logic of the integrated protection IC + digital control combined structure is: when the first detection and protection unit is normal, ADG1636 is conducted and the power supply is directly passed; when the first detection and protection unit fails, ADG1636 is disconnected and LTC4365 starts protection.

[0082] In this embodiment, the first detection and protection unit 32 and the second detection and protection unit 33 have two working states, namely normal operation and short - circuit abnormal operation. The first / second detection and protection unit in the short - circuit abnormal operation state will not perform secondary processing on the power signal, but the power signal can pass through the first / second detection and protection unit normally. If the fault detection and control unit 34 detects that the first detection and protection unit is in an abnormal working state, it will control the second detection and protection unit to enter the working state and convert the second power signal into the fourth power signal; if the fault detection and control unit 34 detects that the first detection and protection unit is in a normal working state, it will control the second detection and protection unit to enter the short - circuit state. At this time, the second power signal is converted into the third power signal, which can avoid the phenomenon that the voltage or current output to the drone nest is too large.

[0083] The ONU in this embodiment belongs to the prior art. An ONU (Optical Network Unit) is usually also called an optical modem. Its function is similar to that of a traditional broadband modem, but the difference is that it accesses the network through optical fibers. The main function of the ONU is to convert digital signals into analog signals or analog signals into digital signals through modulation. In network transmission, electronic signals are divided into analog signals and digital signals. For example, a telephone uses analog signals while a computer transmits digital signals. Therefore, if a computer connects to the Internet through a telephone line, an ONU is needed to complete signal modulation and demodulation. In this embodiment, the ONU can convert optical signals into digital signals and transmit the digital signals to the drone nest through an RJ45 information socket (i.e., communication lead-out terminal) connector. It can also convert the digital signals transmitted from the drone nest into optical signals and realize the next-step transmission of the optical signals.

[0084] As Figure 3 shown, since the transmission of digital network signals was mentioned above, specifically, the optical fiber unit in this embodiment includes an optical splitter 5, an ONU, and an optical distribution box 35. The optical splitter 5 and the ONU are connected by optical fibers. The optical fiber selected is a 24-core optical fiber. The ONU is connected to the nest base through an optical fiber. Specifically, both the optical splitter and the optical distribution box are arranged on the second support rod, and the optical splitter is located above the optical distribution box 35. One end of the optical splitter is connected to the internal network optical fiber of the background control center, and the other end is connected to the optical distribution box 35 through an optical fiber.

[0085] The optical splitter 5 can directly receive the optical signal from the background control center through the internal network optical fiber and transmit the optical signal to the optical distribution box 35. The optical distribution box will transmit the optical signal to the ONU according to the distribution requirements. The ONU will modulate and demodulate the received optical signal and convert it into the corresponding digital signal, and then transmit the digital signal to the nest base through an RJ45 information socket (i.e., communication lead-out terminal) connector. The network optical fiber communication module in this embodiment belongs to a two-way transmission mode, which can realize information linkage between the nest base and the background control center. By means of the dedicated power internal network optical fiber, a low-latency and high-security communication link between the nest base and the background control center is established to realize real-time transmission of inspection data and issuance of remote instructions.

[0086] Although digital signals can be converted into analog signals or analog signals can be converted into digital signals through the modulation of the ONU, the signals may be intercepted by others during the transmission process. To ensure signal security, an encryption protocol is also configured inside the communication unit in this embodiment to encrypt the data to be transmitted through the encryption protocol.

[0087] Embodiment 2:

[0088] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, an installation method for a general-purpose UAV nest installation system for a distribution line is proposed, which utilizes a general-purpose UAV nest installation system for a distribution line described in Embodiment 1. The steps include:

[0089] Step 1: Select a target first support rod, evaluate its load-bearing capacity and the surrounding environment, and determine the nest installation position;

[0090] Step 2: Install a nest base on the top of the first support rod, and rigidly connect it to the first support rod through fasteners to ensure wind and earthquake resistance performance;

[0091] Step 3: Lead out a low-voltage power line from the PT device, connect it to the nest power supply module, and configure an overload protection device between the low-voltage distribution box and the nest base;

[0092] Step 4: Connect the nest communication module to the intranet optical fiber, and configure an encryption protocol inside the communication unit to encrypt the data to be transmitted through the encryption protocol, and configure the encryption protocol to achieve secure data transmission;

[0093] Step 5: Debug the UAV automatic takeoff and landing platform, overload protection device, encryption protocol, and environmental monitoring sensor to complete the joint debugging between the three system modules of the nest base, PT device, and optical fiber unit.

[0094] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, various modifications or deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A general-purpose UAV nest installation system for distribution lines, comprising a first support rod, a second support rod, a nest base, a PT device, and an optical fiber unit; The nest base is installed at the top of the first support rod, and the PT device is installed on the second support rod; the optical fiber unit includes an optical splitter and an ONU. The optical splitter and the ONU are connected by an optical fiber, and the ONU is connected to the nest base through an optical fiber; The PT device and the low-voltage distribution box are connected by a low-voltage sheathed wire. The low-voltage distribution box is connected to the nest base and the ONU respectively through a low-voltage sheathed wire to supply power to the nest base and the ONU; The nest base is used to park UAVs and supply power and communication for UAVs.

2. The general unmanned aerial vehicle nest installation system for a power distribution line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nest base includes a cabin body, a top cover, and a swing arm. The cabin body is provided with a takeoff and landing platform for the UAV to take off and land. A wireless charging module is embedded and fixed at the center position of the takeoff and landing platform. The top cover is installed on the top of the cabin body, and there is a top cover on each side of the left and right sides of the takeoff and landing platform. The two side top covers and the takeoff and landing platform enclose a parking cabin for the UAV. One end of the swing arm is connected to the top cover, and the other end of the swing arm is rotatably connected to the cabin body. The opening and closing between the cabin body and the top cover are realized through the swing arm. A controller is provided on the top side wall of the left top cover. The wireless charging module and the swing arm are both controlled by the controller.

3. The general unmanned aerial vehicle nest installation system for a power distribution line according to claim 2, wherein The swing arm includes a main swing arm and a sub-swing arm. The two ends of the main swing arm and the sub-swing arm are respectively rotatably connected to the cabin body and the top cover. The main swing arm and the sub-swing arm are arranged in parallel and have the same length.

4. The general unmanned aerial vehicle nest installation system for a power distribution line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support rod is a cement pole, and the second support rod is a 10-kV operating tower. There is a certain distance between the first support rod and the second support rod.

5. The general-purpose UAV nest installation system for a distribution line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ONU and the low-voltage distribution box are both arranged on the first support rod, and the ONU is located above the low-voltage distribution box. The low-voltage distribution box is connected to the wireless charging module at the center position of the takeoff and landing platform through a line. The PT device is connected to the 10-kV line of the 10-kV operating tower through a line. Power is taken from the 10-kV distribution line through the PT device to provide an uninterrupted power supply for the UAV nest and the ONU, and support automatic charging of the UAV.

6. The general unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) nest installation system for a power distribution line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical splitter and the optical distribution box are both arranged on the second support rod, and the optical splitter is located below the optical distribution box. One end of the optical splitter is connected to the internal network optical fiber of the background control center, and the other end is connected to the optical distribution box through an optical fiber.

7. The general-purpose UAV nest installation system for a power distribution line according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plurality of positioning grooves are formed in a rectangular array on the top end surface of the takeoff and landing platform, and electromagnetic plates are fixedly installed on the bottom walls of the positioning grooves. A plurality of connecting rods are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the UAV. Propellers are installed on the connecting rods, and a magnetic adsorption support frame is fixed at the bottom end of the connecting rod.

8. The general unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) nest installation system for a power distribution line according to claim 2, characterized in that, An environmental monitoring sensor connected to the controller is provided at the right top cover, and a temperature control unit and a communication unit are provided inside the cabin. The temperature control unit, the communication unit, and the environmental monitoring unit are all connected to the ONU. The environmental monitoring sensor is used to detect the surrounding environment and is configured to shut down the nest base in heavy rain. The temperature control unit is used to detect the temperature inside the cabin and is configured to adjust the temperature inside the cabin in a timely and reasonable manner. The communication unit is internally configured with an encryption protocol to encrypt the transmitted data. The ONU is used to transmit the data information of the temperature control unit, the communication unit, and the environmental monitoring unit to the background.

9. The general-purpose UAV nest installation system for a power distribution line according to claim 1, characterized in that An overload protection device is also provided between the low-voltage distribution box and the nest base. The overload protection device includes a voltage conversion unit, a first detection and protection unit, a second detection and protection unit, and a fault detection and control unit. The voltage conversion unit is configured to access the first power signal of the low-voltage distribution box and rectify the first power signal to form a second power signal. The first detection and protection unit is configured to perform voltage or current limiting processing on the second power signal to form a third power signal and transmit the power signal to the wireless charging module of the nest base. The second detection and protection unit is configured to perform voltage or current limiting processing on the second power signal to form a fourth power signal. The second detection and protection unit is provided on the line between the voltage conversion unit and the first detection and protection unit. The fault detection and control unit is respectively coupled to the first detection and protection unit and the second detection and protection unit to obtain the working state signal of the first detection and protection unit and control the working state of the first / second detection and protection unit according to the working state signal. The first detection and protection unit and the second detection and protection unit can be switched to a normal working state or a short-circuit abnormal working state. When the first detection and protection unit is abnormal, the fault detection and control unit controls the second detection and protection unit to start the voltage and current limiting function. When the first detection and protection unit is normal, the fault detection and control unit controls the second detection and protection unit to enter the short-circuit state.

10. An installation method of a general-purpose UAV nest installation system for a distribution line, based on a general-purpose UAV nest installation system for a distribution line as described in claims 1-9, characterized in that, The installation steps include: Step 1: Select the target first support rod, evaluate its load-bearing capacity and the surrounding environment, and determine the nest installation position. Step 2: Install the nest base on the top of the first support rod, rigidly connect it to the first support rod through fasteners to ensure wind and earthquake resistance performance. Step 3: Draw out the low-voltage power line from the PT device, connect it to the nest power supply module, and configure an overload protection device between the low-voltage distribution box and the nest base. Step 4: Connect the nest communication module to the intranet optical fiber, and configure an encryption protocol inside the communication unit to encrypt the data to be transmitted through the encryption protocol, and configure the encryption protocol to achieve secure data transmission. Step 5: Debug the automatic takeoff and landing platform of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the overload protection device, the encryption protocol, and the environmental monitoring sensor to complete the joint debugging between the nest base, the PT device, and the optical fiber unit of the three system modules.

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