Efficient intensive sludge fermentation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly discloses an efficient intensive sludge fermentation system which comprises a fermentation bin and a workshop, the workshop is divided into a plurality of layers, the topmost layer is a pretreatment workshop, the middle layers are culture workshops, hermetia illucens are cultured in the culture workshops, and the bottommost layer is an integrated workshop; the plurality of fermentation bins are uniformly distributed and tightly surround the periphery of the workshop, the plurality of fermentation bins work circularly, each fermentation bin performs independent fermentation, and a second discharge pipe and an air outlet pipe are arranged between the culture workshop and each fermentation bin. Sludge is placed in different fermentation bins one by one at intervals of one day to be subjected to closed and stacked fermentation, it can be guaranteed that fermented sludge is put into the culture workshop every day, and due to the fact that the multiple fermentation bins are evenly distributed and tightly surround the periphery of the workshop, the occupied space is small, and cost is low. And waste insect sand generated by culturing hermetia illucens in a culture workshop is utilized in fermentation of sludge, no system waste is generated and discharged, and the purposes of reducing cost and improving efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of environmental protection technologies, and particularly to an efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the acceleration of the urbanization pace, the amount of urban domestic sewage treatment has been increasing, resulting in a sharp growth in the amount of sludge generated. The existing sludge treatment methods mainly include landfill, composting, natural drying, incineration, etc. Landfill mainly dehydrates the sludge through mechanical pressure filtration or heat treatment, and then transports the remaining dehydrated sludge to a designated location for landfill. This method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, and short cycle. Composting treatment is to apply the harmlessly treated sludge to farmland or gardens to improve poor soil and achieve the purpose of resource utilization. Incineration mainly involves putting the dehydrated sludge into an incinerator for aerobic combustion to carbonize most of the organic matter in the sludge, significantly reducing the amount of sludge, and completely killing the harmful germs in the sludge to finally obtain stable ash residues. Currently, the proportions of these four treatment methods are 65%, 15%, 6%, and 3% respectively. It can be seen that the sludge treatment method still mainly relies on landfill. In addition, due to the insufficient disposal capacity and backward disposal means of urban sewage treatment enterprises, a large amount of sludge has not been treated in a standardized manner, directly causing "secondary pollution" and posing a serious threat to the ecological environment.

[0003] In order to avoid secondary pollution, the sludge is fermented. The sludge fermentation to form sludge compost can turn waste into treasure, without generating secondary pollution, and sludge compost has broad application prospects in landscaping, forest land utilization, soil remediation and improvement, agricultural fertilizers, and other fields. The existing sludge fermentation methods are strip stacking and trough fermentation methods. Among them, strip stacking fermentation is to stack the pretreated sludge into long strip stacks, and achieve an aerobic state in the stack body by regularly turning the stack, thereby promoting the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, as well as the decomposition and transformation of organic matter. Strip stacking fermentation belongs to flat fermentation, and flat fermentation requires a large space area. Trough fermentation is to fill the pretreated sludge into a fermentation trough and put in microbial strains for fermentation. The trough is generally designed to be rectangular or square, and requires a certain depth and width to ensure sufficient materials and appropriate oxygen supply during the fermentation process. These requirements also make the layout of trough fermentation equipment require a relatively large area. Therefore, the existing sludge fermentation methods have a large floor area, and a large floor area will lead to a long transportation path for raw materials and finished products, a prolonged transportation time, and a reduction in production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system to solve the problems of large floor area, low land utilization rate, and low automation degree in the existing sludge fermentation, and the problem of solid waste production in the cultivation of black soldier flies with food waste except for protein products. Through this patent, joint production is realized to achieve "garbage input and full product output". At the same time, a fermentation tank and a black soldier fly cultivation workshop are built using a concrete structure, which can effectively reduce the fixed asset investment and the maintenance cost of the tank body, achieving cost reduction and efficiency increase.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0006] An efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system, including a fermentation tank and a workshop. The workshop is divided into several layers. The top layer is a pretreatment workshop, the middle layers are all cultivation workshops where black soldier flies are cultivated, and the bottom layer is an integration workshop. There are several fermentation tanks, which are made of concrete pouring. The number of fermentation tanks is greater than or equal to the number of days of sludge fermentation. The several fermentation tanks are evenly distributed and closely surrounded around the workshop to form an outer wall of the workshop. The several fermentation tanks work in a cycle, and each fermentation tank ferments independently. The discharge port of the pretreatment workshop is connected to the inlet of different fermentation tanks through different first discharge pipes. There are a second discharge pipe and an air outlet pipe between the cultivation workshop and each fermentation tank. A pumping pump is provided on the second discharge pipe, and the pumping pump is installed in the cultivation workshop. The bottom end of the fermentation tank is connected with a third discharge pipe, and the third discharge pipes of all fermentation tanks are jointly connected with a total discharge pipe, and the total discharge pipe is connected to the integration workshop at the bottom layer. The pumping pumps in all fermentation tanks are connected to a controller.

[0007] The basic principle of the above solution is as follows: The collected sludge first flows into the pretreatment workshop for pretreatment and then flows into the fermentation tank. The sludge ferments in the fermentation tank. The time interval for placing sludge in adjacent fermentation tanks among several fermentation tanks is 1 day, so as to ensure that there is always a fermentation tank with fermented sludge every day among all fermentation tanks. Food waste is put into the cultivation workshop as food for cultivating black soldier fly eggs and larvae. The worm cast produced by cultivating black soldier flies in the cultivation workshop is input into the fermentation tank through the second discharge pipe as part of the raw materials for sludge fermentation. The controller will control the pumping pump in the fermentation tank where the sludge has been fermented to pump the fermented sludge (i.e., sludge compost) to the integration workshop for packaging and leaving the factory.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: Compared with flat fermentation or tank fermentation, in this technical solution, sludge is placed in different fermentation tanks at intervals of one day for closed and stacked fermentation. This not only ensures that fermented sludge is produced in the fermentation tanks every day, but also since several fermentation tanks are evenly distributed and closely surround the periphery of the workshop, it not only saves floor space, but also one side of the fermentation tank serves as the outer wall of the workshop, saving the preparation materials of the workshop and reducing the maintenance cost of the tank body, thus saving costs. Moreover, the fermentation tanks surround the workshop, so the distances for discharging materials from different fermentation tanks to the integrated workshop and fetching materials from the pretreatment workshop are equally short, which not only saves time and improves transportation efficiency, but also reduces transportation costs.

[0009] Furthermore, a negative-pressure exhaust gas collection pipe is connected to the top of each fermentation tank. The negative-pressure exhaust gas collection pipes in all fermentation tanks extend outside the fermentation tanks and are jointly connected to a main gas pipe. The main gas pipe is connected to a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is connected to a controller. The vacuum pump is suspended and installed in the integrated workshop. Several fermentation tanks closely surround the periphery of the culture workshop, making the culture workshop isolated from the outside.

[0010] The controller starts the operation of the vacuum pump. At this time, the fermentation tank is in a negative-pressure state, and the exhaust pipe sucks the exhaust gas generated in the culture workshop into the fermentation tank. The exhaust gas sucked into the fermentation tank, together with the exhaust gas generated by the fermentation tank itself, all flows into the negative-pressure exhaust gas collection pipe. The exhaust gas in the negative-pressure exhaust gas collection pipe accumulates in the main gas pipe, and the gas in the main gas pipe is transported into the integrated workshop for treatment to prevent the diffusion of harmful gases. In addition, several fermentation tanks closely surround the periphery of the culture workshop, making the culture workshop isolated from the outside, which can prevent the harmful gases generated in the culture workshop from entering the atmosphere.

[0011] Furthermore, a corridor is provided outside the integrated workshop, and a gas collection chamber is provided outside the corridor. The vacuum pump is installed in the gas collection chamber so that the gas extracted by the vacuum pump remains in the gas collection chamber. A microbial deodorant is placed in the gas collection chamber, and the microbial deodorant is one or more of an alcaligenes faecalis deodorant, a lactic acid bacteria deodorant, a bacillus subtilis deodorant, a bacillus megaterium deodorant, and a yeast deodorant.

[0012] The gas extracted by the vacuum pump is concentrated in the gas collection chamber, and the microbial deodorant placed in the gas collection chamber can utilize the metabolic activities of microorganisms to achieve the effect of gas deodorization.

[0013] Furthermore, an air compressor is provided outside each fermentation tank, and the air compressor continuously conveys high-pressure air into the fermentation tank.

[0014] By introducing high-pressure air into the sludge pool to agitate the sludge, the sludge will undergo self-extrusion, causing the water in the sludge to separate from the sludge and making the sludge dry.

[0015] Further, a high-pressure water pump is provided outside each fermentation tank, and the high-pressure water pump can spray alkaline liquid for microorganisms into the fermentation tank.

[0016] Alkaline liquid for microorganisms is sprayed into the sludge, generating a large number of microorganisms in the sludge. When the activity of the sludge microorganisms increases, the fermentation efficiency of the sludge is greatly improved.

[0017] Further, the fermentation tank is a silo arranged vertically. A stirring rod is provided in the center of the interior of the fermentation tank. A spiral stirring blade is provided on the stirring rod. The bottom end of the stirring rod penetrates through the bottom of the fermentation tank and extends into the corridor. A motor is fixedly connected to the end of the stirring rod extending into the corridor.

[0018] The spiral stirring blade is driven by the motor to stir the fermenting sludge in the fermentation tank, ensuring the oxygen supply during sludge fermentation, and taking away the water vapor in the sludge and reducing the temperature of the fermented mass by air. A number of independent silos are closely connected in series, further reducing the occupied space, and at the same time reducing the transportation path length of raw materials and finished products, effectively saving energy. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a front view sectional structure schematic diagram of the sludge fermentation system;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a top view sectional structure schematic diagram of the sludge fermentation system;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a side view structure schematic diagram of the fermentation tank.

[0022] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: fermentation tank 1, pretreatment workshop 2, cultivation workshop 3, integration workshop 4, oxygen pipe 5, oxygen delivery pump 6, first discharge pipe 7, second discharge pipe 8, air outlet pipe 9, pumping pump 10, third discharge pipe 11, total discharge pipe 12, negative pressure waste gas collection pipe 13, main air pipe 14, vacuum pump 15, gas collection chamber 16, stirring rod 17, spiral stirring blade 18, motor 19, air compressor 20, high-pressure water pump 21, corridor 22. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0023] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0024] The embodiment is basically as shown in the Figure 1-2 drawings:

[0025] An efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system, as shown in the Figure 1 drawings, includes a fermentation tank 1 and workshops. The fermentation tank 1 is made of concrete pouring, and the fermentation tank 1 is a silo arranged vertically. The workshops are divided into five floors. The top floor is the pretreatment workshop 2, the middle three floors are all cultivation workshops 3 where black soldier flies are cultivated, and the bottom floor is the integration workshop 4.

[0026] As shown Figure 2 in the figure, there are 24 fermentation tanks 1, and the sludge fermentation period is 21 days. The 24 fermentation tanks 1 are evenly distributed and closely surround the periphery of the culture workshop 3 to form an outer wall of the workshop. The 24 fermentation tanks 1 closely surround the periphery of the three-story culture workshop 3, isolating the culture workshop 3 from the outside. Oxygen pipes 5 are provided from the pretreatment workshop 2 to the culture workshop 3 from top to bottom. The top end of the oxygen pipe extends out of the top end of the pretreatment workshop 2 and is connected to an oxygen delivery pump 6. The oxygen delivery pump 6 is used to deliver oxygen into the culture workshop 3. The 24 fermentation tanks 1 work in a cycle, and each fermentation tank 1 ferments independently. There are several discharge ports outside the top pretreatment workshop 2. The several discharge ports are respectively connected to the inlets of different fermentation tanks 1 through different first discharge pipes 7. A second discharge pipe 8 and an air outlet pipe 9 are provided between the culture workshop 3 and each fermentation tank 1. A pumping pump 10 is provided on the second discharge pipe 8. The pumping pump 10 is installed in the culture workshop 3. As shown Figure 3 in the figure, the bottom end of the fermentation tank 1 is connected to a third discharge pipe 11. The third discharge pipes 11 of all the fermentation tanks 1 are jointly connected to a total discharge pipe 12. The total discharge pipe 12 is connected to the bottom integrated workshop 3. All the pumping pumps 10 are connected to a controller (not shown in the figure).

[0027] A negative pressure waste gas collection pipe 13 is connected to the top end of each fermentation tank 1. The negative pressure waste gas collection pipes 13 in all the fermentation tanks 1 extend outside the fermentation tank 1 and are jointly connected to a main gas pipe 14. The main gas pipe 14 is connected to a vacuum pump 15. The vacuum pump 15 is electrically connected to the controller. The vacuum pump 15 is suspended outside the bottommost integrated workshop 4. A corridor 22 is provided on the outer periphery of the integrated workshop 4. A gas collection bin 16 is provided on the left outside the corridor 22. The vacuum pump 15 is installed in the gas collection bin 16 so that the gas pumped out by the vacuum pump 15 remains in the gas collection bin 16. A microbial deodorant is placed in the gas collection bin 16. The microbial deodorant is an alcaligenes faecalis deodorant and a lactic acid bacteria deodorant. The gas collection bin 16 is connected to a closed treatment pool. The closed treatment pool contains an alkaline agent or an acidic agent and treats the tail gas by an adsorption principle. An air outlet is provided at the tail of the closed treatment pool. A flow controller and a gas component detector are provided at the front end of the air outlet. The tail end of the air outlet is connected to the gas collection bin and the outdoor space through a branch pipe. A booster pump is provided on the pipe connecting the gas collection bin to return the unqualified tail gas, and the pipe connecting to the outdoor space discharges the qualified tail gas into the atmosphere. A passage door is provided between the inside of the corridor 22 and the integrated workshop 4. There are stairways leading to the culture workshop 3 and the pretreatment workshop 2 inside the integrated workshop 4.

[0028] A stirring rod 17 is provided in the center of the fermentation tank 1. A spiral stirring blade 18 is provided on the stirring rod. The bottom end of the stirring rod 17 penetrates through the bottom of the fermentation tank 1 and extends into the gas collection bin 16. The end of the stirring rod 17 extending into the gas collection bin 16 is fixedly connected to a motor 19. The motor 19 is electrically connected to the controller. The motors at the bottoms of the 24 fermentation tanks 1 have 24 control buttons on the controller respectively for control.

[0029] An air compressor 20 is provided outside each fermentation tank 1. The air compressor 20 continuously conveys air into the fermentation tank 1, and the air compressor 20 is electrically connected to the controller.

[0030] A high-pressure water pump 21 is provided outside each fermentation tank 1. The high-pressure water pump 21 can spray alkaline liquid for microorganisms into the fermentation tank 1, and the high-pressure water pump 21 is electrically connected to the controller.

[0031] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0032] The collected sludge first flows into the pretreatment workshop 2 for mixing pretreatment. The pretreated sludge is respectively pumped into different fermentation tanks 1 through the first discharge pipe. The time interval for placing sludge in adjacent 21 fermentation tanks 1 is 1 day, and the number of days for sludge fermentation is 21 days. The remaining 3 fermentation tanks 1 are reserved for standby. The sludge ferments in the fermentation tank 1, so that it can be ensured that there is always a fermentation tank 1 in which the sludge is fermented well every day in all fermentation tanks 1. When the sludge enters the fermentation tank, the controller will start the air compressor 20 to continuously convey air into the fermentation tank 1 to squeeze and dry the sludge, and the high-pressure water pump 21 sprays ammonia water solution into the fermentation tank 1. At the same time, the motor 19 at the bottom of the fermentation tank 1 containing the sludge is controlled to operate, so as to drive the spiral stirring blade 18 to stir the sludge. The black soldier fly eggs and larvae are cultured in the culture workshop 3. Kitchen waste is put into the culture workshop 3 as food for breeding black soldier fly eggs and larvae. The oxygen delivery pump 6 operates, so that the oxygen pipe 5 conveys oxygen to the culture workshop 3. The insect excrement generated by culturing black soldier flies is produced. The feeding pump 10 is turned on, and the insect excrement generated by the culture workshop 3 is pumped into the fermentation tank 1 through the second discharge pipe 8. The insect excrement can be used as part of the raw materials for sludge fermentation. At the same time, the controller starts the vacuum pump 15 to operate. At this time, the fermentation tank 1 is in a negative pressure state, and the exhaust pipe 9 sucks the exhaust gas generated by the culture workshop 3 into the fermentation tank 1. The exhaust gas sucked into the fermentation tank 1 and the exhaust gas generated by the fermentation tank 1 itself all flow into the negative pressure exhaust gas collection pipe 13. The exhaust gas in the negative pressure exhaust gas collection pipe 13 gathers in the main exhaust pipe 14, and the gas in the main exhaust pipe 14 is conveyed into the gas collection bin 16 in the integration workshop. A microbial deodorant is placed in the gas collection bin 16 to treat harmful gases and prevent the diffusion of harmful gases. The fermented sludge (i.e., sludge compost) in the fermentation tank 1 is conveyed out through the third discharge pipe 11, then conveyed to the main discharge pipe 12 through a screw conveyor, and then pumped from the main discharge pipe 12 into the integration workshop 4, where it is packaged and sold out of the factory.

[0033] This system sets up 24 fermentation bins 1 closely surrounding the periphery of the cultivation workshop 3, isolating the cultivation workshop 3 from the outside, and preventing harmful gases generated in the cultivation workshop 3 from entering the atmosphere. This fermentation system places sludge into different fermentation bins one by one at an interval of one day for closed and stacked fermentation. This can not only ensure that fermented sludge is produced in the fermentation bins every day, but also because several fermentation bins are evenly distributed and closely surround the periphery of the workshop, occupying a small space position, saving land, and the fermentation bins surround the workshop, so that the fermented sludge (i.e., sludge compost) in different fermentation bins is almost the same when transported to the integrated workshop, shortening the material taking distance, improving the transportation efficiency, and reducing the transportation cost at the same time. In addition, the culture bin 1 is set outside the black soldier fly cultivation workshop 3, which can conveniently utilize the waste vermiculite produced by cultivating black soldier flies in the sludge fermentation, without generating and discharging system waste, achieving the purpose of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0034] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as the specific structures and characteristics known in the solutions is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners described in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system, comprising a fermentation tank and a workshop, characterized in that: The workshop is divided into several floors. The top floor is the pretreatment workshop, the middle floors are all cultivation workshops where black soldier flies are cultivated, and the bottom floor is the integration workshop. There are several fermentation tanks, which are cast with concrete. The number of fermentation tanks is greater than or equal to the number of days for sludge fermentation. The several fermentation tanks are evenly distributed and closely surround the periphery of the workshop to form the outer wall of the workshop. The several fermentation tanks work in a cycle, and each fermentation tank ferments independently. The discharge port of the pretreatment workshop is connected to the inlet of different fermentation tanks through different first discharge pipes. There are a second discharge pipe and an air outlet pipe between the cultivation workshop and each fermentation tank. A pumping pump is provided on the second discharge pipe, and the pumping pump is installed in the cultivation workshop. The bottom end of the fermentation tank is connected to a third discharge pipe, and the third discharge pipes of all fermentation tanks are jointly connected to a total discharge pipe, and the total discharge pipe is connected to the integration workshop on the bottom floor. The pumping pumps in all fermentation tanks are connected to the controller.

2. The highly efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system according to claim 1, wherein: A negative pressure waste gas collection pipe is connected to the top end of each fermentation tank. The negative pressure waste gas collection pipes in all fermentation tanks extend outside the fermentation tanks and are jointly connected to a main air pipe. The main air pipe is connected to a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is connected to the controller. The vacuum pump is suspended and installed in the integration workshop. The several fermentation tanks closely surround the periphery of the cultivation workshop, isolating the cultivation workshop from the outside.

3. An efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A corridor is provided outside the integration workshop, and a gas collection chamber is provided outside the corridor. The vacuum pump is installed in the gas collection chamber so that the gas pumped out by the vacuum pump remains in the gas collection chamber. A microbial deodorant is placed in the gas collection chamber, and the microbial deodorant is one or more of an Alcaligenes faecalis deodorant, a lactic acid bacteria deodorant, a Bacillus subtilis deodorant, a Bacillus megaterium deodorant, and a yeast deodorant.

4. An efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air compressor is provided outside each fermentation tank, and the air compressor continuously conveys high-pressure air into the fermentation tank.

5. An efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A high-pressure water pump is provided outside each fermentation tank, and the high-pressure water pump can spray an alkaline liquid for microorganisms into the fermentation tank.

6. An efficient and intensive sludge fermentation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fermentation tank is a silo arranged vertically. A stirring rod is provided in the center of the fermentation tank. A spiral stirring blade is provided on the stirring rod. The bottom end of the stirring rod penetrates through the bottom of the fermentation tank and extends into the corridor. The end of the stirring rod extending into the corridor is fixedly connected to a motor.

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