Graphene composite fiber material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of adsorption electrodes, and particularly relates to a graphene composite fiber material and a preparation method and application thereof. The adopted paper base has a better pore and capillary structure, and adsorption is facilitated; the graphene coating can improve the conductivity of the paper base; the composite reinforcing layer can improve rigidity and mechanical strength; the flame retardant is added into the composite reinforcing layer, so that combustion caused by electric sparks generated when paper-based fibers ionize large particles in an electrostatic field can be prevented; the first functional unit can prevent the material from bed breeding on the surface of the material after the material adsorbs microorganisms, so that the antibacterial and bactericidal properties are improved; the second functional unit enables the material to degrade large-chain organic matters, so that the large-chain organic matters are degraded into harmless carbon oxides. As an air purification material, the composite fiber material provided by the invention has the advantages of degrading harmful organic matters, preventing secondary pollution caused by bed reproduction of adsorbed bacteria, killing bacteria and viruses, and having super-strong functions of adsorbing and degrading organic matters and purifying air.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of adsorption ionization electrodes, and particularly relates to a graphene composite fiber material, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional ionization adsorption electrostatic electrodes are made of metal materials. As is well known, metals will undergo metal ionization and corrosion under the action of electrostatic ionization fields, indoor humidity, primary batteries, and other electrocorrosion effects. After corrosion, the electrode metals will release metal ions or heavy metal ions that are more harmful to the human body. The ions combine with airborne dust and aerosols in the air to form metal dust with metal ion properties and particulate droplets containing metal ions - aerosols, resulting in more harmful secondary pollution. Once this kind of dust and aerosol with metal or heavy metal ions is inhaled into the lungs by humans and deposited to a certain amount, it will cause canceration of cell tissues and form lung cancer. According to the confirmation of the World Health Organization, metal dust and aerosols containing metal ions in the air are the chief culprit causing lung cancer. This is a common problem of air purification equipment applying the principle of metal electrode electrostatic ionization and a fatal defect of metal electrode electrostatic adsorption and electrostatic ionization oxidation technology.

[0003] In addition to generating secondary pollution of metal ions, metal electrodes also have the following disadvantages: First, the metal electrode materials are expensive; second, a large amount of non-ferrous metal resources are wasted; third, the specific surface area of metal electrodes is small, the adsorption "capacity" is weak, and it is easily covered and polluted by aerosols and loses its adsorption function, resulting in a short service life and low adsorption efficiency of metal ionization electrodes; fourth, it is difficult to clean the polluted metal electrodes, and generally they are discarded, which will seriously pollute the environment and cause heavy metal over-standard in the soil; fifth, the efficiency of adsorbing fine dust (PM2.5) is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a graphene composite fiber material, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. The graphene composite fiber material provided by the present invention can replace metal electrodes as ionization adsorption electrostatic electrodes, and will not undergo electrocorrosion under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field. At the same time, it has a high adsorption efficiency for PM2.5.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a graphene composite fiber material, including a paper base;

[0007] One side of the paper base is coated with a graphene coating;

[0008] The other side of the paper base is loaded with a composite reinforcing layer, and the material of the composite reinforcing layer includes cellulose and a flame retardant;

[0009] On the surface of the composite reinforcement layer, there are a first functional unit and a second functional unit that do not contact each other;

[0010] The material of the first functional unit includes antibacterial material;

[0011] The material of the second functional unit includes photocatalyst material.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the paper base is 0.2 - 0.5 mm;

[0013] The fibers in the paper base are natural plant fibers, and the natural plant fibers include at least one of straw fiber, wood fiber, wheat straw fiber, and corn fiber.

[0014] Preferably, the cellulose includes at least one of methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

[0015] The mass percentage content of cellulose in the composite reinforcement layer is 0 - 100%, and is neither 0 nor 100;

[0016] The thickness of the composite reinforcement layer is 0.03 - 0.05 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the antibacterial material includes iodine;

[0018] The photocatalyst material includes titanium dioxide;

[0019] The first functional unit is distributed in an array, the distance between adjacent two columns is 3 - 5 mm, and the distance between adjacent two rows is 3 - 5 mm;

[0020] The second functional unit is distributed in an array, the distance between adjacent two columns is 3 - 5 mm, and the distance between adjacent two rows is 3 - 5 mm.

[0021] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the graphene composite fiber material according to the above technical solution, including the following steps:

[0022] Provide a paper base;

[0023] Prepare a graphene coating on one side of the paper base;

[0024] Coat a dispersion liquid containing the composite reinforcement layer material on the other side of the paper base to prepare a composite reinforcement layer;

[0025] Prepare the first functional unit and the second functional unit on the surface of the composite reinforcement layer respectively, and obtain the graphene composite fiber material after hot pressing.

[0026] Preferably, the process of preparing the composite reinforcement layer includes:

[0027] Disperse cellulose in water, and then add a flame retardant to obtain a dispersion containing the composite reinforcing layer material;

[0028] Brush the dispersion containing the composite reinforcing layer material on the other side of the paper base, and successively perform infrared lamp drying and hot pressing to obtain the composite reinforcing layer.

[0029] Preferably, when the antibacterial material is iodine, the preparation method of the first functional unit includes:

[0030] Dissolve sodium iodide in water, and add pure iodine to obtain an iodine solution;

[0031] Attach the template to the composite reinforcing layer, spray the iodine solution on the surface of the template, and remove the template after drying to obtain the first functional unit; the template has pores distributed in an array.

[0032] Preferably, the preparation method of the second functional unit includes:

[0033] Disperse the photocatalyst material in water to obtain a dispersion;

[0034] Attach the template to the composite reinforcing layer containing the first functional unit, spray the dispersion on the surface of the template, and remove the template after drying to obtain the second functional unit; the template has pores distributed in an array, and the pores do not coincide with the first functional unit.

[0035] Preferably, the temperatures of the upper hot plate and the lower hot plate for hot pressing are both 130 - 150 °C, the heat preservation time is 80 - 120 min; the distance between the upper hot plate and the lower hot plate is 0.5 - 0.7 mm.

[0036] The present invention also provides the application of the graphene composite fiber material described in the above technical solution or the graphene composite fiber material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution as an ionization adsorption electrode in an ionization air purifier.

[0037] The present invention provides a graphene composite fiber material, including a paper base; one side of the paper base is overlaid with a graphene coating; the other side of the paper base is loaded with a composite reinforcing layer, and the material of the composite reinforcing layer includes cellulose and a flame retardant; the surface of the composite reinforcing layer is provided with non - contacting first and second functional units; the material of the first functional unit includes an antibacterial material; the material of the second functional unit includes a photocatalyst material.

[0038] The present invention uses paper as the matrix material, which has better pores and capillary structures; by setting a graphene coating, the conductivity of the composite material can be further improved; by setting a composite reinforcement layer, the rigidity and mechanical strength of the composite material can be improved; at the same time, a flame retardant is added to the composite reinforcement layer to prevent the paper-based fibers from generating electric sparks and burning when ionizing larger particles in an electrostatic field; by setting a first functional unit, the composite material can be prevented from adsorbing microorganisms and breeding on the material surface, improving the antibacterial performance of the composite material; by setting a second functional unit, the composite material can degrade large-chain organic substances, and then degrade them into harmless carbon oxides, improving the purification effect of the composite material. The composite material provided by the present invention has the advantages of degrading harmful organic substances, preventing the adsorbed bacteria from breeding to form secondary pollution, killing bacteria and viruses at the same time, and having super adsorption and purification functions.

[0039] The graphene composite fiber material provided by the present invention has good economy, low cost, and a specific surface area higher than that of metal electrodes. Therefore, its adsorption capacity and effect are far higher than those of metal electrodes; at the same time, the graphene composite fiber material provided by the present invention has wettability. After adsorbing aerosols in the air, an infiltration effect will be formed, and the adsorption function will not be lost due to the aerosol covering the material surface. It has a large adsorption capacity and has a good adsorption and purification effect on all fine dusts (including PM2.5). Most importantly, the graphene composite fiber material as an adsorption electrode will not produce secondary pollution, will not overflow metal ion dust and aerosols, has a long service life (more than 300 times that of metal electrodes), and can be naturally degraded after being discarded without causing any pollution to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram when the first functional unit and the second functional unit in the present invention are arranged in a cross pattern. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0041] The present invention provides a graphene composite fiber material, including a paper base;

[0042] One side of the paper base is overlaid with a graphene coating;

[0043] The other side of the paper base is loaded with a composite reinforcement layer, and the material of the composite reinforcement layer includes cellulose and a flame retardant;

[0044] The surface of the composite reinforcement layer is provided with a first functional unit and a second functional unit that do not contact each other;

[0045] The material of the first functional unit includes an antibacterial material;

[0046] The material of the second functional unit includes a photocatalyst material.

[0047] In the present invention, the thickness of the paper substrate is preferably 0.2 to 0.5 mm, specifically it can be 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm; the fibers in the paper substrate are preferably natural plant fibers, and the natural plant fibers preferably include at least one of straw fibers, wood fibers, wheat straw fibers, and corn fibers.

[0048] In the present invention, the thickness of the graphene coating is preferably 0.3 to 0.5 nm, specifically it can be 0.3 nm, 0.4 nm, 0.5 nm.

[0049] In the present invention, the cellulose preferably includes at least one of methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose. There is no special limitation on the type of the flame retardant in the present invention, and those well-known to those skilled in the art can be used. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the flame retardant is preferably a brominated flame retardant, and the brominated flame retardant is preferably decabromodiphenylethane.

[0050] In the present invention, the mass percentage content of cellulose in the composite reinforcing layer is preferably 0 to 100%, and is neither 0 nor 100. In the present invention, the thickness of the composite reinforcing layer is preferably 0.03 to 0.05 mm, specifically it can be 0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm.

[0051] In the present invention, the antibacterial material preferably includes iodine. In the present invention, the first functional units are preferably arranged in an array, the distance between adjacent two columns is preferably 3 to 5 mm, and the distance between adjacent two rows is preferably 3 to 5 mm. There is no special limitation on the size of a single first functional unit in the present invention, and it can be set according to actual needs.

[0052] In the present invention, the photocatalyst material preferably includes titanium dioxide. In the present invention, the second functional units are preferably arranged in an array, the distance between adjacent two columns is preferably 3 to 5 mm, and the distance between adjacent two rows is preferably 3 to 5 mm. There is no special limitation on the size of a single second functional unit in the present invention, and it can be set according to actual needs.

[0053] In the present invention, when both the first functional units and the second functional units are arranged in an array, the first functional units and the second functional units are preferably arranged in a cross pattern, that is, there is one column of second functional units between adjacent two columns of first functional units. The specific structural schematic diagram is as Figure 1 shown, where the gray frames are the first functional units and the colorless frames are the second functional units.

[0054] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the graphene composite fiber material according to the above technical solution, including the following steps:

[0055] Provide a paper substrate;

[0056] Prepare a graphene coating on one side of the paper substrate;

[0057] Coat a dispersion containing a composite reinforcing layer material on the other side of the paper substrate to prepare a composite reinforcing layer;

[0058] Prepare a first functional unit and a second functional unit on the surface of the composite reinforcing layer respectively, and obtain the graphene composite fiber material after hot pressing.

[0059] The present invention provides a paper substrate. The present invention has no special limitation on the preparation method of the paper substrate, and the pulping and papermaking processes well-known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0060] After obtaining the paper substrate, the present invention prepares a graphene coating on one side of the paper substrate. In the present invention, the process of preparing the graphene coating preferably includes: attaching the paper substrate to a metal plate to obtain a sample plate; laying nano-graphite powder flat on the bottom of a metal box to obtain a nano-graphite layer; covering the sample plate on the nano-graphite layer, with the side containing the paper substrate in contact with the nano-graphite layer; connecting the sample plate to the anode and the metal box to the cathode, and after energization, performing electrostatic adsorption on the surface of the paper substrate; after the electrostatic adsorption, removing the excess graphite powder on the paper substrate to obtain the graphene coating. In the present invention, when the surface roughness of the paper substrate is N8 - N9 level, the voltage of the electrostatic adsorption is preferably 17,000 - 18,000 volts, the time is preferably 10 minutes, and during the electrostatic adsorption process, the metal box is preferably in a vibrating state.

[0061] After obtaining the graphene coating, the present invention coats a dispersion containing a composite reinforcing layer material on the other side of the paper substrate to prepare a composite reinforcing layer.

[0062] In the present invention, the process of preparing the composite reinforcing layer preferably includes:

[0063] Disperse cellulose in water, and then add a flame retardant to obtain a dispersion containing a composite reinforcing layer material;

[0064] Brush the dispersion containing the composite reinforcing layer material on the other side of the paper substrate, and perform infrared lamp drying and hot pressing in sequence to obtain a composite reinforcing layer.

[0065] In the present invention, the water is preferably pure water. In the present invention, the dispersion process is preferably as follows: cellulose is soaked in water and then stirred to obtain a paste-like cellulose dispersion. In the present invention, the soaking time is preferably 24 h. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mass concentration of the paste-like cellulose dispersion is preferably 1.22%. In the present invention, the paste-like cellulose dispersion must be stored in a sealed manner to prevent the paste from drying and to avoid bacterial infection of the cellulose. In the present invention, it is preferably to continue stirring after adding the flame retardant. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the flame retardant is decabromodiphenylethane, the decabromodiphenylethane is preferably added in the form of an aqueous dispersion, and the mass concentration of decabromodiphenylethane in the aqueous dispersion is preferably 15-22%; the volume ratio of the aqueous dispersion to the paste-like cellulose dispersion is preferably 7.25:100.

[0066] In the present invention, the brushing is preferably carried out repeatedly with a soft brush. In the present invention, the brushing amount is preferably: 270 mL of the dispersion containing the composite reinforcement layer material per m 2 . In the present invention, during the brushing process, the paper base must be laid flat, not placed obliquely, and the paper base should not be placed vertically after brushing to prevent the dispersion from flowing and piling up, resulting in unevenness. In the present invention, during the infrared lamp drying process, the brushed paper base is preferably placed horizontally. The present invention has no special limitation on the hot pressing process, as long as the dried paper base is flat.

[0067] In the present invention, when the antibacterial material is iodine, the preparation method of the first functional unit preferably includes:

[0068] Dissolve sodium iodide in water, add pure iodine to obtain an iodine solution;

[0069] Attach the template to the composite reinforcement layer, spray the iodine solution on the surface of the template, and remove the template after drying to obtain the first functional unit; the template has pores distributed in an array.

[0070] In the present invention, the mass concentration of the sodium iodide solution obtained by dissolving sodium iodide in water is preferably 3%. In the present invention, the iodine content of the iodine solution is preferably 38 wt%. In the present invention, sodium iodide is used to prepare the iodine solution because pure iodine is insoluble in water and only soluble in sodium iodide solution; while sodium iodide has good solubility, only by dissolving pure iodine in the prepared sodium iodide solution can a high-concentration iodine solution with bactericidal function be obtained.

[0071] The present invention has no special limitation on the spraying process, and those well-known to those skilled in the art can be used. In the present invention, the spraying amount is preferably: 180 mL of iodine solution per m 2。In the present invention, the drying time is preferably 3 h, and the ambient temperature for drying is preferably not higher than 20 °C. At too high a temperature, iodine will sublime and the iodine content will be lost.

[0072] In the present invention, the preparation method of the second functional unit preferably includes:

[0073] Disperse the photocatalyst material in water to obtain a dispersion;

[0074] Attach the template to the composite reinforcement layer containing the first functional unit, spray the dispersion on the surface of the template, and remove the template after drying to obtain the second functional unit; the template has pores distributed in an array, and the pores do not coincide with the first functional unit.

[0075] In the present invention, the water is preferably pure water. In the present invention, the dispersion is preferably carried out under stirring, the stirring speed is preferably 300 rpm, and the time is preferably 24 h. In the present invention, the mass concentration of the photocatalyst material in the dispersion is preferably 12%, that is, it is in a supersaturated state.

[0076] The present invention has no special limitation on the spraying process, and those well-known to those skilled in the art can be used. In the present invention, during the spraying process, the dispersion is preferably in a stirred state, and the stirring speed is preferably 700 rpm. In the present invention, the spraying amount is preferably: 200 mL of dispersion / m 2 。In the present invention, the drying time is preferably 5 h.

[0077] In the present invention, the temperatures of the upper hot plate and the lower hot plate for hot pressing are both preferably 130 - 150 °C, and the heat preservation time is preferably 80 - 120 min; the distance between the upper hot plate and the lower hot plate is preferably 0.5 - 0.7 mm.

[0078] In the present invention, the thickness of the graphene composite fiber material is preferably 0.6 - 0.7 mm. In the present invention, the resistance of any 10 cm distance on the graphene coating of the graphene composite fiber is preferably less than 1 Ω. In the present invention, the density of the graphene composite fiber material is preferably 1.24 - 1.26 g / cm 2 。

[0079] The present invention also provides the application of the graphene composite fiber material described in the above technical solution or the graphene composite fiber material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution as an ionization adsorption electrode in an ionization air purifier.

[0080] The graphene composite fiber material provided by the present invention is mainly applied to air purifiers based on the principles of electrostatic field adsorption and electrostatic field ionization oxidation. The obtained air purifier can effectively remove chemical pollutants in the air, including pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses. At the same time, it can purify aerosols, soot, dust (including PM2.5) and other pollutants in the air, and can significantly improve the quality of the air environment.

[0081] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and equipment used in the present invention are all commercially available products in this field.

[0082] Next, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present invention without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0083] Example 1

[0084] Provide a paper base. The fiber for preparing the paper base is wood fiber, and the thickness of the paper base is 0.3 mm;

[0085] Prepare a graphene coating with a thickness of 0.4 nm on one side of the paper base. The specific preparation method is as follows: attach the paper base to a metal plate to obtain a sample plate; lay nano graphite powder flat on the bottom of a metal box to obtain a nano graphite layer; cover the sample plate on the nano graphite layer, and the side containing the paper base is in contact with the nano graphite layer; connect the sample plate to the anode and the metal box to the cathode. After power-on, perform electrostatic adsorption on the surface of the paper base. The surface roughness of the paper base is N8 level, the voltage of the electrostatic adsorption is 17,000 volts, and the time is 10 minutes; after the electrostatic adsorption, remove the excess graphite powder on the paper base to obtain the graphene coating;

[0086] Soak hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in pure water for 20 h and then stir to obtain a paste-like cellulose dispersion with a mass concentration of 1.22%; then add a 15% aqueous dispersion of decabromodiphenylethane, and the volume ratio of the aqueous dispersion of decabromodiphenylethane to the paste-like cellulose dispersion is 7.25:100 to obtain a dispersion containing the composite reinforcement layer material;

[0087] Use a soft brush to repeatedly brush the dispersion containing the composite reinforcement layer material on the other side of the paper base, ensuring that the brushing amount is 270 mL of the dispersion containing the composite reinforcement layer material / m 2 , and ensure that the paper base is laid flat during the brushing process; place the brushed paper base parallel, dry it with an infrared lamp and then perform hot pressing, and level it for the next process;

[0088] Dissolve sodium iodide in water with the mass concentration of sodium iodide being 3%, add pure iodine to obtain an iodine solution with an iodine content of 38 wt%.

[0089] Attach the template to the composite reinforcement layer, place the iodine solution in a sprayer, start the air compressor and spray the iodine solution evenly at a spraying rate of 180 mL of iodine solution per m 2 . After spraying, leave it for 3 h to dry the water in the iodine solution. During the drying process, the ambient temperature should not be higher than 20 °C, and then remove the template to obtain the first functional units distributed in an array; among them, the distance between adjacent two rows is 5 mm, and the distance between adjacent two columns is 5 mm.

[0090] Place titanium dioxide in pure water and stir it at a speed of 300 rpm for 24 h to obtain a dispersion with a mass concentration of 12%.

[0091] Attach the template to the composite reinforcement layer containing the first functional units, place the dispersion in a container with a stirring function, place the spray gun straw in the dispersion, stir at a speed of 700 rpm, start the air compressor and spray on the surface of the template. The spraying rate is 200 mL of dispersion per m 2 . After spraying is completed, leave it for 5 h to dry, and then remove the template to obtain the second functional units distributed in an array; among them, the distance between adjacent two rows is 5 mm, and the distance between adjacent two columns is 5 mm; the first functional units distributed in an array and the second functional units distributed in an array are cross-distributed.

[0092] Place the obtained paper substrate in a hot press, set the temperatures of the upper hot plate and the lower hot plate of the hot press to 140 °C, set the distance between the upper and lower hot plates to 0.7 mm, perform hot pressing, keep warm for 100 min, take it out after hot pressing is completed to obtain a graphene composite fiber material with a thickness of 0.6 mm; the density of the obtained graphene composite fiber material is 1.26 g / cm 2 , and the resistance of any 10 cm distance on the graphene coating is 0.06 ohm.

[0093] Performance test

[0094] Use the graphene composite fiber material obtained in the example as an ionization adsorption electrostatic electrode in an ionization air purifier for performance testing (refer to GB / T18801-2015), use a traditional copper metal electrode as a comparison, and the obtained test results are shown in Table 1;

[0095] Table 1 Performance test results of the graphene composite fiber material obtained in the example

[0096] Number Item Copper metal electrode Example 1 1 Air volume <![CDATA[300m 3 / h]]> <![CDATA[300m 3 / h]]> 2 Power ≤8W ≤8W 3 External dimensions of the purifier 300*170*370 300*170*370 4 Electrode weight 8.7 kg 0.8 kg 5 Pollutant removal rate ≥95％ ≥98％ 6 Removal rate of inhalable particulate matter ≥96％ ≥99％ 7 Bacteria removal rate ≥98.9％ ≥99.8％ 8 Negative ion concentration <![CDATA[≥6*10 6 > <![CDATA[≥6*10 6 > 9 Test chamber usage area <![CDATA[≤30m 2 > <![CDATA[≤30m 2 > 10 Aerosol removal rate <![CDATA[≤30%·cm 2 > <![CDATA[≤99%·cm 2 >

[0097] Although the above embodiments have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Other embodiments can also be obtained based on these embodiments without creative efforts, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A graphene composite fiber material, characterized in that, It includes a paper base; One side of the paper base is coated with a graphene coating; The other side of the paper base is loaded with a composite reinforcement layer, and the material of the composite reinforcement layer includes cellulose and a flame retardant; On the surface of the composite reinforcement layer, there are a first functional unit and a second functional unit that do not contact each other; The material of the first functional unit includes an antibacterial material; The material of the second functional unit includes a photocatalyst material.

2. The graphene composite fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the paper base is 0.2 - 0.5 mm; The fibers in the paper base are natural plant fibers, and the natural plant fibers include at least one of straw fibers, wood fibers, wheat straw fibers, and corn fibers.

3. The graphene composite fiber material according to claim 1, wherein The cellulose includes at least one of methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose; The mass percentage content of cellulose in the composite reinforcement layer is 0 - 100%, and it is neither 0 nor 100; The thickness of the composite reinforcement layer is 0.03 - 0.05 mm.

4. The graphene composite fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antibacterial material includes iodine; The photocatalyst material includes titanium dioxide; The first functional unit is distributed in an array, the distance between adjacent two columns is 3 - 5 mm, and the distance between adjacent two rows is 3 - 5 mm; The second functional unit is distributed in an array, the distance between adjacent two columns is 3 - 5 mm, and the distance between adjacent two rows is 3 - 5 mm.

5. The preparation method of the graphene composite fiber material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Provide a paper base; Prepare a graphene coating on one side of the paper base; Coat a dispersion liquid containing the material of the composite reinforcement layer on the other side of the paper base to prepare a composite reinforcement layer; Prepare the first functional unit and the second functional unit on the surface of the composite reinforcement layer respectively, and obtain the graphene composite fiber material after hot pressing.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of preparing the composite reinforcement layer includes: Disperse cellulose in water, and then add a flame retardant to obtain a dispersion liquid containing the material of the composite reinforcement layer; Brush the dispersion liquid containing the material of the composite reinforcement layer on the other side of the paper base, and perform infrared lamp drying and hot pressing in sequence to obtain a composite reinforcement layer.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the antibacterial material is iodine, the preparation method of the first functional unit includes: Dissolve sodium iodide in water, add pure iodine to obtain an iodine solution; Attach a template to the composite reinforcement layer, spray the iodine solution on the surface of the template, and remove the template after drying to obtain the first functional unit; the template has pores distributed in an array.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that The preparation method of the second functional unit includes: Disperse the photocatalyst material in water to obtain a dispersion liquid; Attach a template to the composite reinforcement layer containing the first functional unit, spray the dispersion liquid on the surface of the template, and remove the template after drying to obtain the second functional unit; the template has pores distributed in an array, and the pores do not coincide with the first functional unit.

9. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperatures of the upper hot plate and the lower hot plate for the hot pressing are both 130 - 150 °C, the heat preservation time is 80 - 120 min; the distance between the upper hot plate and the lower hot plate is 0.5 - 0.7 mm.

10. Application of the graphene composite fiber material according to any one of claims 1 - 4 or the graphene composite fiber material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5 - 9 as an ionization adsorption electrode in an ionization air purifier.

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