Anti-collision guardrail based on energy absorption optimization

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-collision guardrail based on energy absorption optimization. The anti-collision guardrail comprises stand columns, cross beams and anti-blocking buffer pieces. One or more cross beams are installed on the stand columns, and anti-blocking buffer pieces are arranged between the cross beams and the stand columns; the anti-blocking buffering piece is of a bionic multi-cell thin-wall structure and comprises a sliding block, a buffering block and a nut. One end of the sliding block penetrates through the buffer block and then is fixed on the stand column through a nut, and the other end is slidably installed on the beam. According to the anti-blocking buffer piece of the bionic multi-cell thin-wall structure, the collision energy absorption efficiency is improved by 55% or above under the condition that the anti-blocking buffer piece achieves material consumption reduction by 30% through super-folding crushing energy absorption during collision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of guardrail structures, and specifically, to a crash guardrail optimized based on energy absorption. In particular, it relates to a metal beam-column type crash guardrail optimized based on energy absorption. Background Art

[0002] A guardrail is a continuous structure formed by splicing cross beams with each other and supported by columns, which plays a role in absorbing energy during vehicle collisions. It is not easily damaged and can protect vehicles and drivers and passengers well at the same time.

[0003] Traditional metal guardrails have defects such as low collision energy absorption efficiency, large structural weight, and high maintenance costs. Therefore, a new guardrail system with both high energy absorption rate and lightweight characteristics is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a crash guardrail optimized based on energy absorption.

[0005] According to a crash guardrail optimized based on energy absorption provided by the present invention, it includes: columns, cross beams, and anti-collision and buffer members;

[0006] One or more cross beams are installed on the columns, and anti-collision and buffer members are arranged between the cross beams and the columns;

[0007] The anti-collision and buffer members adopt a bionic multi-cell thin-wall structure, and the anti-collision and buffer members include: sliding blocks, buffer blocks, and nuts;

[0008] One end of the sliding block passes through the buffer block and is fixed on the column by a nut, and the other end is slidably installed on the cross beam.

[0009] Preferably, the buffer block includes: an outer peripheral thin wall, an installation ring hole, and an inner thin wall;

[0010] An installation ring hole for the sliding block to pass through is arranged inside the outer peripheral thin wall;

[0011] Between multiple installation ring holes in the same outer peripheral thin wall, between the installation ring hole and the outer peripheral thin wall, and / or between different wall surfaces of the outer peripheral thin wall are connected by inner thin walls to form a bionic multi-cell thin-wall structure. The bionic multi-cell thin-wall structure improves the energy absorption density while reducing the material by increasing the number of folding lobes.

[0012] Preferably, the axial direction of the buffer block points to the columns and cross beams at both ends.

[0013] Preferably, a chute is arranged on the cross beam along the extending direction, a convex block is arranged at one end of the sliding block away from the nut, and the sliding block is axially limited in the chute by the convex block and is allowed to slide along the chute.

[0014] Preferably, the column includes: a column body and a column bottom plate;

[0015] The bottom of the column body is provided with a column bottom plate, the column bottom plate is fixed on a horizontal plane, and the anti-collision buffer is installed on one side of the column body.

[0016] Preferably, a curved surface energy dissipation angle is provided on the side of the column body facing away from the anti-collision buffer.

[0017] Preferably, the grounding area of the column bottom plate is larger than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the column body.

[0018] Preferably, the side of the column body where the curved surface energy dissipation angle is provided is inclined so that the width of the column body increases from top to bottom, and the curved surface energy dissipation angle is set as a curved surface that bends inward at a position close to the column bottom plate on one side of the column body.

[0019] Preferably, the columns are placed vertically, and a plurality of columns are provided;

[0020] Adjacent columns are connected by a horizontally arranged cross beam.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present application adopts an anti-collision buffer with a bionic multi-cell thin-walled structure. When colliding, the anti-collision buffer realizes energy absorption by super folding and crushing, reducing the material consumption by 30% and increasing the collision energy absorption efficiency by more than 55%;

[0023] At the same time, the anti-collision buffer has excellent support performance and provides flexible guidance during low-speed collisions.

[0024] 2. The present application adopts a cross beam with a chute, and the cross beam can be adjusted in position along the direction of the chute to make the line type smoother.

[0025] 3. The present application adopts a cross beam with a chute and is slidably connected to the anti-collision buffer, without the need for drilling holes, avoiding the common problem of rusting at the bolt holes;

[0026] At the same time, the section bending modulus of the steel cross beam is increased by 20%, the bending resistance ability is improved, and the unit energy absorption ability is also greatly improved.

[0027] 4. The present application is provided with a curved surface energy dissipation angle at the bottom of the column. During a collision, through the deformation mode of the column toppling and compressing, the impact energy is converted into structural plastic deformation energy, and more than 16% of the energy can be effectively absorbed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] By reading the following detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the anti-collision guardrail;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a side view of the anti-collision guardrail;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the crossbeam structure;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional view of the anti-collision and buffer component;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the end face structure of the buffer block;

[0034] As shown in the figure:

[0035] Specific implementation manner

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several changes and improvements can still be made. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment includes: a column 1, a crossbeam 2, and an anti-collision and buffer component 3; the columns 1 are vertically arranged and a plurality of them are spaced along the edge of the road, and adjacent columns 1 are connected by a horizontally arranged crossbeam 2. Generally, a plurality of crossbeams 2 are provided. In this embodiment, three crossbeams 2 are horizontally arranged, and an anti-collision and buffer component 3 is provided at the connection between the crossbeam 2 and the column 1.

[0038] Such as Figure 2 As shown, the column 1 includes: a column body 11 and a column bottom plate 13; the bottom of the column body 11 is provided with a column bottom plate 13 and is fixed on the ground through the column bottom plate 13. The column bottom plate 13 is usually fixed on the ground by means of bolts and nuts. The side of the column body 11 facing the road is used to install the anti-collision and buffer component 3, and the side facing away from the road is provided with a curved energy-dissipating angle 12. The curved energy-dissipating angle 12 is located near the column bottom plate 13 and is a curved surface that bends inward. The curved energy-dissipating angle 12 converts the impact energy into structural plastic deformation energy through the deformation mode of the column 1 tilting and compressing during a collision. Through finite element analysis, the curved energy-dissipating angle 12 can effectively absorb more than 16% of the energy. In this embodiment, the side of the column body 11 provided with the curved energy-dissipating angle 12 is inclined, so that the width of the column body 11 increases from top to bottom to increase the stability and impact resistance of the column body 11.

[0039] Such asFigure 3 As shown, a chute 21 is provided along the extending direction on the cross beam 2. The presence of the chute 21 increases the moment of inertia of the cross section and improves the flexural performance. A convex block is provided at one end of the sliding block 31 of the anti-blocking and buffering member 3 away from the nut 33. The sliding block 31 is axially limited by clamping the convex block in the chute 21. At the same time, the convex block can slide along the chute 21, which is convenient for quickly adjusting the position of the cross beam 2 and does not require the bolt to extend out of the inside of the cross beam 2 for fixation. The installation is convenient and helps with rapid construction. At the same time, since there is no need to drill holes in the cross beam 2, the common problem of rusting at the bolt holes is avoided.

[0040] As Figure 4 shown, the anti-blocking and buffering member 3 is designed with a bionic multi-cell thin-walled structure based on the structure of lotus leaf veins. The anti-blocking and buffering member 3 includes: a sliding block 31, a buffer block 32, and a nut 33; one end of the sliding block 31 passes through the buffer block 32 and is fixed on the column 1 by the nut 33, and the other end is slidably installed on the cross beam 2. The axial direction of the buffer block 32 points to the columns 1 and the cross beam 2 at both ends.

[0041] Specifically, as Figure 5 shown, the buffer block 32 includes: an outer peripheral thin wall 321, an installation ring hole 322, and an inner thin wall 323; an installation ring hole 322 for the sliding block 31 to pass through is provided inside the outer peripheral thin wall 321; between multiple installation ring holes 322 in the same outer peripheral thin wall 321, between the installation ring hole 322 and the outer peripheral thin wall 321, and / or between different wall surfaces of the outer peripheral thin wall 321 are connected by the inner thin wall 323 to form a bionic multi-cell thin-walled structure. The multi-cell thin-walled structure will increase the folding lobes and increase the unit energy absorption density. In this embodiment, through finite element analysis, when the anti-blocking and buffering member 3 absorbs energy through super folding and crushing, while reducing the material usage by 30%, the collision energy absorption efficiency is increased by more than 55%; Super folding and crushing energy absorption: It absorbs energy based on controllable plastic deformation, uses the bending and stretching of the plastic hinge lines generated during the folding process to form periodic fold units - folding lobes, and converts the collision kinetic energy into the internal energy of the material. At the same time, the anti-blocking and buffering member 3 has excellent support and provides flexible guidance during low-speed collisions. Flexible guidance means that the vehicle body is more gentle during the process of changing its attitude, the collision acceleration borne by the personnel is reduced, and the injury to the personnel is reduced. The flexible guidance in this embodiment is achieved through the micro-sliding of the sliding block 31 along the axial direction and the super folding of the buffer block 32.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the grounding area of the column base plate 13 is larger than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the column body 11, which can further enhance the stability and impact resistance of the column 1.

[0043] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0044] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. An anti-collision guardrail optimized based on energy absorption, characterized in that Comprising: A column (1), a cross beam (2), and a shock absorption buffer member (3); One or more cross beams (2) are installed on the column (1), and a shock absorption buffer member (3) is arranged between the cross beam (2) and the column (1); The shock absorption buffer member (3) adopts a bionic multi-cell thin-wall structure, and the shock absorption buffer member (3) includes: a sliding block (31), a buffer block (32), and a nut (33); One end of the sliding block (31) passes through the buffer block (32) and is fixed on the column (1) by the nut (33), and the other end is slidably installed on the cross beam (2).

2. The crash barrier based on energy absorption optimization according to claim 1, wherein, The buffer block (32) includes: an outer peripheral thin wall (321), a mounting ring hole (322), and an inner thin wall (323); A mounting ring hole (322) for the sliding block (31) to pass through is arranged inside the outer peripheral thin wall (321); Between multiple mounting ring holes (322) within the same outer peripheral thin wall (321), between the mounting ring hole (322) and the outer peripheral thin wall (321), and / or between different wall surfaces of the outer peripheral thin wall (321) are connected by the inner thin wall (323) to form a bionic multi-cell thin-wall structure.

3. The anti-collision guardrail based on energy absorption optimization according to claim 1, wherein: The axial direction of the buffer block (3) points to the column (1) and the cross beam (2) at both ends.

4. The anti-collision guardrail optimized based on energy absorption according to claim 1, wherein: A chute (21) is arranged on the cross beam (2) along the extending direction. A convex block is arranged at one end of the sliding block (31) away from the nut (33). The sliding block (31) is axially limited in the chute (21) by the convex block and is allowed to slide along the chute (21).

5. The crash barrier based on energy absorption optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The column (1) includes: a column body (11) and a column bottom plate (13); A column bottom plate (13) is arranged at the bottom of the column body (11). The column bottom plate (13) is fixed on a horizontal plane, and the shock absorption buffer member (3) is installed on one side of the column body (11).

6. The anti-collision guardrail optimized based on energy absorption according to claim 5, wherein: A curved surface energy dissipation angle (12) is arranged on one side of the column body (11) facing away from the shock absorption buffer member (3).

7. The anti-collision guardrail optimized based on energy absorption according to claim 5, characterized in that: The grounding area of the column bottom plate (13) is larger than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the column body (11).

8. The crash barrier based on energy absorption optimization according to claim 6, characterized in that: One side of the column body (11) where the curved surface energy dissipation angle (12) is arranged is inclined so that the width of the column body (11) increases from top to bottom. The curved surface energy dissipation angle (12) is set as a curved surface that bends inward at a position on one side of the column body (11) close to the column bottom plate (13).

9. The crash barrier based on energy absorption optimization according to claim 1, wherein: The column (1) is placed vertically, and multiple columns (1) are provided; Adjacent columns (1) are connected by a horizontally arranged cross beam (2).

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