Reservoir ecological drainage structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a reservoir ecological drainage structure, which relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and comprises a water inlet pipe, an ecological service valve, an ecological working valve, a water outlet pipe, a drainage driving assembly and a water inlet mechanism for taking water in different depth areas of multiple reservoirs, the water inlet mechanism comprises a water guiding cylinder, a water taking pipe, a filtering assembly and a collecting assembly. By starting the driving assembly, the multiple sets of water taking pipes take water from different depth areas of the reservoir, the water taking pipes enable water flow to enter the water diversion cylinder in the tangential direction and finally enable the water flow to rotate in the water diversion cylinder, mixing of the water flow in the different depth areas is facilitated, and the water taking amount of the different water taking pipes is controlled through the water amount control piece; and meanwhile, impurities with the large mass are settled under the action of centrifugal force, the water entering the water inlet pipe is filtered again through the filtering assembly, finally, the impurities are collected through the collecting assembly, and finally mixed drainage of the reservoir is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly relates to an ecological water discharge structure for a reservoir. Background Art

[0002] A reservoir refers to an artificial lake formed by building a dam across a narrow section of a mountain valley or river. A comprehensive utilization reservoir that can regulate floodwaters is built at an appropriate location upstream of the flood control area. The reservoir storage capacity is used to store floodwaters and reduce the peak flow of the flood entering the downstream river channel, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing flood disasters.

[0003] Reservoirs must consider the ecological water consumption of the river channel, that is, the dam must consider ecological water discharge facilities; however, for many existing reservoirs, ecological water discharge facilities were not reserved during the early design. When the reservoir is at a high water level, environmental water can be released by slightly opening the flood discharge gate. If the reservoir water level is low, the reservoir cannot release environmental water. In response to this problem, the invention patent CN113152357A applied by Guizhou Water Conservancy and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd. discloses a reservoir ecological water discharge device. A water inlet pipe is added to the dam, and a vacuum pump and an air pipe are used to drive the water flow in the water inlet pipe through power, so as to discharge the water in the reservoir through the water inlet pipe. Then, through the combined action of an ecological maintenance valve and an ecological working valve installed on the downstream side of the water inlet pipe, it is finally realized to ensure a constant discharge of environmental water under the variable amplitude of the reservoir water level.

[0004] However, since the conventional water diversion pipe can only perform single-layer drainage on the water layer at a specified depth of the reservoir, long-term extraction of a certain water layer is likely to affect the downstream ecology, such as water quality problems and nutritional imbalances, especially for reservoirs with sensitive downstream ecology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to perform mixed drainage of the reservoir, this application provides an ecological water discharge structure for a reservoir.

[0006] An ecological water discharge structure for a reservoir provided by this application adopts the following technical solution: An ecological water discharge structure for a reservoir includes a water inlet pipe that spans across the top of the dam and connects the upstream and downstream of the reservoir. The water inlet pipe is discharged through an ecological maintenance valve and an ecological working valve and then through a water outlet pipe downstream of the reservoir. A drainage driving component for driving water to be discharged through the water inlet pipe is provided on the dam, and a water intake mechanism for taking water from different depth areas of the multi-reservoir is provided on the dam. The water intake mechanism includes: A water diversion cylinder, which is arranged on the dam close to the reservoir side. The water inlet pipe is arranged on the axis of the water diversion cylinder and is used to discharge the water on the bottom side close to the inside of the water diversion cylinder. Water intake pipes. A plurality of said water intake pipes are arranged on the water diversion cylinder and are used to discharge water into the water diversion cylinder along the tangential direction of the water diversion cylinder. The plurality of said water intake pipes are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction on the water diversion cylinder and are used to draw water from different depth areas of the reservoir. A water volume control member for controlling the water intake volume of the water intake pipe is arranged on the water intake pipe; A filtering assembly. The filtering assembly is arranged on the water inlet pipe and is located inside the water diversion cylinder. The filtering assembly is used to prevent impurities from entering the water inlet pipe; A collection assembly. The collection assembly is arranged at the bottom of the water diversion cylinder and is used to collect the impurities precipitated in the water diversion cylinder.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solutions, the driving assembly is started, so that a plurality of water intake pipes draw water from different depth areas of the reservoir. The water intake pipes make the water flow into the water diversion cylinder along the tangential direction, and finally make the water flow rotate in the water diversion cylinder, which is convenient for the water flow in different depth areas to mix. The water volume control member controls the water intake volume of different water intake pipes, thereby adjusting the proportion of the mixed water. At the same time, the impurities with larger mass settle under the action of centrifugal force. The filtering assembly filters the water entering the water inlet pipe again. Finally, the impurities are collected by the collection assembly, and finally the mixed drainage of the reservoir is realized.

[0008] Further, the water volume control member includes a flow sensor and an electric control valve. The flow sensor is arranged on the water intake pipe and is used to detect the flow value in the water intake pipe. The electric control valve is arranged on the water intake pipe and is used to control the opening degree of the water intake pipe and adjust the water intake volume of the water intake pipe.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solutions, the electric control valve adjusts the opening degree of the water intake pipe, and the detection is realized through the flow sensor, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the water intake volume of each water intake pipe.

[0010] Further, a water quality detection module for detecting the discharged water quality is arranged on the water outlet pipe. The water quality detection module is electrically connected to the electric control valve and adjusts the opening degree of each water intake pipe according to the detection result.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the water quality detection module detects the water quality discharged from the water outlet pipe, and adjusts the opening degree of each water intake pipe through the electric control valve according to the detection result, and finally realizes the precise control of ecological water discharge.

[0012] Further, the filtering assembly includes: An inlet hood, which is sleeved on one side of the water inlet pipe close to the bottom of the water diversion cylinder; A filtering hood, which is hermetically arranged on the water inlet pipe and is located inside the inlet hood. The filtering hood is of a cylindrical structure and a plurality of filtering holes for facilitating water to enter the water inlet pipe from the inlet hood are arranged on the side wall; Rotating frame, the rotating frame is rotatably arranged on the water inlet cover, and multiple groups of brush heads for cleaning the filter cover are arranged on the rotating frame; Connecting sleeve, the connecting sleeve is sleeved on the water inlet pipe and connected to the rotating frame, multiple groups of worm wheel blades are arranged on the connecting sleeve, and when the water in the water diversion cylinder rotates, the connecting sleeve is driven to rotate through multiple groups of worm wheel blades.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the filter cover filters the water flow entering the water inlet pipe, reducing the probability of larger impurities entering the water inlet pipe. The water flow drives the connecting sleeve to rotate, and then the rotating brush heads automatically clean the filter cover, reducing the probability of the filter cover being blocked.

[0014] Furthermore, the height of the water inlet pipe at one end located in the reservoir is higher than the height at one end close to the drain pipe, so that the water inlet pipe can form a siphon phenomenon. The drainage driving assembly includes: Air pipe, the air pipe is arranged on the dam and communicated with the water inlet pipe; Vacuum pump, the vacuum pump is arranged on the dam and communicated with the air pipe, and the vacuum pump extracts the air in the air pipe and drives the water to flow from the reservoir to the outlet pipe through the water inlet pipe; Siphon control part, the siphon control part is arranged on the vacuum pump, and after the water inlet pipe drains normally, the air pipe and the vacuum pump are closed through the siphon control part.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the vacuum pump is started, which is convenient for extracting the gas in the water inlet pipe through the air pipe, and finally realizes the rapid start of the siphon effect of the water inlet pipe. When the siphon effect of the water inlet pipe is formed, the air pipe and the vacuum pump are closed through the siphon control part, so that the discharge of the water inlet pipe depends on the siphon self-sustaining drainage, reducing the damage to energy.

[0016] Furthermore, the collection assembly includes: Collection box, the collection box is arranged at the bottom of the water diversion cylinder and is used for collecting the impurities settled in the water diversion cylinder. The side of the water diversion cylinder close to the collection box is of an inverted conical structure; Spiral discharge pipe, the spiral discharge pipe is arranged on the collection box and is used for discharging the impurities in the collection box; Discharge driving part, the discharge driving part is arranged on the collection box and is used for driving the spiral discharge pipe to discharge materials in a spiral manner; Detector, the detector is arranged on the collection box and is used for detecting the impurity content in the collection.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the detector detects that the impurity content in the collection box reaches a certain value, the discharge driving part is started to discharge the impurities in the collection box through the spiral discharge pipe. When the detector detects that the impurity content in the collection box is lower than a certain value, the discharge driving part is closed, and finally the impurities in the collection box are automatically discharged.

[0018] Furthermore, a slag discharging mechanism for discharging impurities floating on the top of the water diversion cylinder is provided at the top of the water diversion cylinder. The slag discharging mechanism includes: A sliding ring, which is slidably arranged between the water diversion cylinder and the water inlet pipe along the axial direction of the water diversion cylinder. A plurality of groups of slag inlet openings are circumferentially formed on the sliding ring to facilitate the entry of impurities between the sliding ring and the top of the water diversion cylinder; A filtering baffle, which is rotatably arranged on the sliding ring and is used to open or close the slag inlet opening. The filtering baffle is used to block impurities and allow water to pass through; A rotary driving assembly, which is arranged on the sliding ring and is used to drive a plurality of groups of filtering baffles to rotate; A sliding driving member, which is arranged on the water diversion cylinder and is used to drive the sliding ring to slide.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sliding ring is located inside the water diversion cylinder, the filtering baffle opens the slag inlet opening to facilitate the floating objects inside the water diversion cylinder to enter the top of the water diversion cylinder; when it is necessary to collect and process the floating objects inside the water diversion cylinder, the rotary driving assembly drives a plurality of groups of filtering baffles to rotate simultaneously to close the slag inlet opening, so as to facilitate driving the sliding ring to move upward by the sliding driving member, and finally remove the impurities on the sliding ring.

[0020] Furthermore, the rotary driving assembly includes: A driving gear, which is arranged on the rotating shaft of the filtering baffle and is used to drive the filtering baffle to rotate; A rotating ring, which is rotatably arranged on the sliding ring and is located below the driving gear. An arc-shaped rack meshing with the driving gear is arranged on one side of the rotating ring close to the driving gear; A rotating member, which is arranged on the sliding ring and is used to drive the rotating ring to rotate.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating member rotates the rotating ring, and then drives the driving gear to rotate through the arc-shaped rack, so as to drive the filtering baffle to rotate.

[0022] Furthermore, the rotating member includes: A convex block, which is arranged on the bottom of the rotating ring; A limiting ring, which is arranged inside the water diversion cylinder and is used to prevent the sliding ring from sliding towards the bottom of the water diversion cylinder. A sliding groove slidably matched with the convex block is formed on the limiting ring, and an inclined downward guiding groove is formed on the side wall of the sliding groove; A guiding column, which is arranged on the convex block and is slidably arranged in the guiding groove. When the sliding ring slides downward, the guiding column slides in the guiding groove and drives the rotating ring to rotate.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, under the guiding action of the guiding groove on the guiding column, the bump rotates and moves downward in the sliding groove, enabling the sliding ring to drive the rotating ring to rotate when moving downward, and finally enabling the filter baffle to open the slag inlet when the sliding ring abuts against the limiting ring.

[0024] Furthermore, a self-locking component is provided on the rotating ring for locking the rotating ring on the sliding ring after moving away from the limiting ring. An unlocking groove for facilitating the unlocking of the self-locking component is formed on the side of the limiting ring away from the guiding groove. The self-locking component includes: A locking pin, which is slidably arranged on the sliding ring, passes through the rotating ring and locks the rotating ring; A return spring, which is arranged on the sliding ring and is used to push the locking pin to slide towards the rotating ring; A top push rod, which is slidably arranged on the bump and is used to push the locking pin out of the rotating ring; A tightening block, which is arranged on the top push rod, abuts against the unlocking groove, and when the sliding ring slides towards the limiting ring, the locking pin is pushed out of the rotating ring through the top push rod. When the top push rod pushes out the locking pin, the guiding column enters the guiding groove.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sliding ring moves away from the limiting ring, the locking pin is inserted into the rotating ring under the action of the return spring to lock the rotating ring, thereby preventing the rotating ring from rotating. When the sliding ring approaches the limiting ring, the top push rod abuts against the unlocking groove, and then the locking pin is pushed out of the rotating ring through the top push rod, thereby releasing the lock on the rotating ring and facilitating the rotation of the rotating ring.

[0026] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By starting the vacuum pump, multiple water intake pipes draw water from different depth areas of the reservoir. The water intake pipes make the water flow into the water diversion cylinder along the tangential direction, and finally the water rotates in the water diversion cylinder, facilitating the mixing of water in different depth areas. The water intake of different water intake pipes is controlled by the water volume control component, thereby adjusting the proportion of the mixed water. At the same time, impurities with larger mass settle under the action of centrifugal force, and the filter cover filters the water entering the water inlet pipe again. Finally, the impurities are collected in the collection box, and finally the mixed drainage of the reservoir is realized.

[0027] 2. The water intake pipes discharge water into the water diversion cylinder along the tangential direction of the water diversion cylinder, thereby making the water flow in the water diversion cylinder rotate. Under the action of centrifugal force, heavier impurities enter the collection box for collection, reducing the influence of impurities entering the water inlet pipe on the ecological maintenance valve and the ecological working valve.

[0028] 3. Open the slag inlet through the filter baffle, so that the lighter impurities in the water diversion cylinder pass through the slag inlet and float on one side of the top of the water diversion cylinder. When the impurities on the top of the water diversion cylinder accumulate to a certain amount, rotate the filter baffle to close the slag inlet, and the sliding telescopic part drives the sliding ring to slide, so as to take out the impurities on the top of the water diversion cylinder, and finally remove the impurities on the top of the water diversion cylinder. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is the front view of the reservoir ecological water discharge structure of the present application; Figure 2 is the side view of the reservoir ecological water discharge structure of the present application; Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the reservoir ecological water discharge structure of the present application, in which the side walls of the water diversion cylinder and the water inlet cover are sectioned; Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Figure 5 is the exploded structural schematic diagram of the slag discharge mechanism of the present application; Figure 6 is Figure 5 the enlarged schematic diagram of part B in

[0030] Reference Signs: 1, dam; 11, water inlet pipe; 12, ecological maintenance valve; 13, ecological working valve; 14, water outlet pipe; 2, water inlet mechanism; 21, water diversion cylinder; 22, water intake pipe; 3, filter assembly; 31, water inlet cover; 32, filter cover; 33, rotating frame; 331, brush head; 34, connecting sleeve; 341, worm wheel blade; 4, collection assembly; 41, collection box; 42, spiral discharge pipe; 43, discharge driving part; 5, water volume control part; 51, flow sensor; 52, electric control valve; 6, drainage driving assembly; 61, air pipe; 62, vacuum pump; 63, siphon control part; 7, slag discharge mechanism; 71, sliding ring; 711, slag inlet; 72, filter baffle; 73, rotation driving assembly; 731, driving gear; 732, rotating ring; 7321, arc rack; 74, sliding driving part; 8, rotating part; 81, convex block; 82, limiting ring; 821, sliding groove; 822, guiding groove; 823, unlocking groove; 83, guiding column; 9, self-locking assembly; 91, locking pin; 92, return spring; 93, top push rod; 94, abutting block; 10, water quality detection module. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0031] The following will Figures 1 - 6 further describe the present application in detail with reference to the

[0032] The embodiment of the present application discloses a reservoir ecological water discharge structure.

[0033] Refer to Figure 1, A reservoir ecological water discharge structure, including an inlet pipe 11 that spans the top of the dam 1 and connects the upstream and downstream of the reservoir. The inlet pipe 11 is discharged through an outlet pipe 14 after passing through an ecological maintenance valve 12 and an ecological working valve 13 downstream of the reservoir. A driving assembly 6 is provided on the dam 1 for driving water to be discharged through the inlet pipe 11, and a water intake mechanism 2 for taking water from different depth areas of the multi-reservoir is provided on the dam 1.

[0034] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , The inlet pipe 11 spans the top of the dam 1 and connects the upstream and downstream of the reservoir, so as to discharge the water in the reservoir through the inlet pipe 11. After being detected by the ecological maintenance valve 12 and the ecological working valve 13 installed on the inlet pipe 11, it is finally discharged through the outlet pipe 14. Among them, the ecological maintenance valve 12 and the ecological working valve 13 control the water discharge volume of the inlet pipe 11 according to the required ecological water consumption downstream, and finally realize the ecological water use downstream.

[0035] Refer to Figure 3 , The water intake mechanism 2 includes a water diversion cylinder 21, a water intake pipe 22, a filtering assembly 3 and a collection assembly 4. The water diversion cylinder 21 is fixedly installed on the side of the dam 1 close to the reservoir. The inlet pipe 11 is fixedly installed on the axis of the water diversion cylinder 21, and the inlet pipe 11 is used to discharge the water near the bottom side inside the water diversion cylinder 21; the water intake pipe 22 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the water diversion cylinder 21, and the water intake pipe 22 is used to discharge the water in the reservoir into the water diversion cylinder 21 along the tangential direction of the water diversion cylinder 21, so as to make the water entering the water diversion cylinder 21 rotate. The rotation of the water flow causes the heavier impurities in the water to impact on the inner side wall of the water diversion cylinder 21 under the action of centrifugal force, and finally fall to the bottom of the water diversion cylinder 21; multiple groups of water intake pipes 22 are arranged at intervals from top to bottom on the water diversion cylinder 21. The multiple groups of water intake pipes 22 are used to take water from different depth areas of the reservoir. A water volume control member 5 for controlling the water intake volume of the water intake pipe 22 is provided on the water intake pipe 22. By taking water from different depth areas through multiple groups of water intake pipes 22, while the water flow rotates in the water diversion cylinder 21, the water bodies of each layer are mixed, and finally the water body discharged from the inlet pipe 11 is close to a natural river. By mixing the eutrophic surface water and the anoxic bottom water, the overall oxygen content of the discharged water body is increased, and at the same time, the lack of water body nutrients caused by pumping a single water layer for a long time is avoided; a filter net for blocking larger impurities from passing through is provided at the water inlet of the water intake pipe 22 in this embodiment.

[0036] Refer to Figure 3, the water volume control component 5 includes a flow sensor 51 and an electric control valve 52. The flow sensor 51 is fixedly installed on the water intake pipe 22 and is used to detect the flow value in the water intake pipe 22. The electric control valve 52 is fixedly installed on the water intake pipe 22 and is used to control the opening degree of the water intake pipe 22, ultimately realizing the adjustment of the water inflow of the water intake pipe 22. By observing the detection values of the flow sensors 51 on each water intake pipe 22, the electric control valve 52 is adjusted, and finally the water inflows of each water intake pipe 22 are stabilized. Through the mutual cooperation of multiple groups of electric control valves 52, the mixing mode and the single-layer priority mode of the water diversion cylinder 21 can be finally realized.

[0037] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the filtering component 3 is arranged on the water inlet pipe 11. The filtering component 3 is located inside the water diversion cylinder 21 and is used to prevent impurities from entering the water inlet pipe 11. The filtering component 3 includes a water inlet cover 31, a filtering cover 32, a rotating frame 33 and a connecting sleeve 34. The water inlet cover 31 is sleeved on one side of the water inlet pipe 11 close to the bottom of the water diversion cylinder 21. The filtering cover 32 is hermetically installed at the end of the water inlet pipe 11. The filtering cover 32 is of a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of groups of filtering holes for facilitating water to enter the water inlet pipe 11 from the water inlet cover 31 are formed on the side wall of the filtering cover 32, so as to prevent larger impurities from entering the water inlet pipe 11, thereby reducing the probability of impurities blocking the ecological maintenance valve 12 and the ecological working valve 13. In order to reduce the probability of impurities blocking the filtering holes, the filtering holes on the filtering cover 32 are of a conical structure, and the aperture of the filtering holes gradually increases along the water flow direction.

[0038] Refer to Figure 4 , the rotating frame 33 is rotatably installed on the water inlet cover 31, and a plurality of groups of brush heads 331 for cleaning the filtering cover 32 are arranged on the rotating frame 33. The connecting sleeve 34 is sleeved on the water inlet pipe 11, the connecting sleeve 34 is connected to the rotating frame 33, and a plurality of groups of worm wheel blades 341 are fixedly installed on the connecting sleeve 34. When the water flow in the water diversion cylinder 21 rotates, the connecting sleeve 34 is driven to rotate through the plurality of groups of worm wheel blades 341, and then the rotating frame 33 is driven to rotate, so that the brush heads 331 rotate and brush the outer surface of the filtering cover 32.

[0039] Refer to Figure 2, the height of the water inlet pipe 11 at one end of the reservoir is higher than that at the end close to the drain pipe, so as to enable the water inlet pipe 11 to form a siphon phenomenon. The drainage driving assembly 6 includes an air pipe 61, a vacuum pump 62 and a siphon control member 63. The air pipe 61 is fixedly installed on the dam 1 and communicates with the inside of the water inlet pipe 11. The vacuum pump 62 is fixedly installed on the dam 1, and the vacuum pump 62 communicates with the air pipe 61. When the vacuum pump 62 extracts the air pipe 61, it drives the water to flow from the reservoir to the outlet pipe 14 through the water inlet pipe 11; the siphon control member 63 is arranged on the vacuum pump 62. After the water inlet pipe 11 drains normally, the air pipe 61 and the vacuum pump 62 are closed through the siphon control member 63, so as to enable the water inlet pipe 11 to suck the water flow in the reservoir through the siphon phenomenon and finally discharge it through the drain pipe; the height of the final discharge port of the drain pipe in this embodiment is lower than the lowest height of the water inlet pipe 11.

[0040] Refer to Figure 3 , the collection assembly 4 is arranged on the bottom of the water diversion cylinder 21. The collection assembly 4 is used to collect the impurities precipitated in the water diversion cylinder 21. The collection assembly 4 includes a collection box 41, a spiral discharge pipe 42, a discharge driving member 43 and a detector. The collection box 41 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the water diversion cylinder 21 and communicates with the bottom of the water diversion cylinder 21. The collection box 41 is used to collect the impurities settled in the water diversion cylinder 21. One side of the water diversion cylinder 21 close to the collection box 41 is in an inverted conical structure, so as to facilitate the introduction of the settled impurities in the water diversion cylinder 21 into the collection box 41; the spiral discharge pipe 42 is fixedly installed on the collection box 41, and the spiral discharge pipe 42 is used to discharge the impurities in the collection box 41; the discharge driving member 43 is fixedly installed on the collection box 41 and is used to drive the spiral discharge pipe 42 to discharge the impurities in a spiral manner, so as to discharge the impurities in the collection box 41; the detector is fixedly installed on the collection box 41, and the detector is used to detect the impurity content in the collection box 41. When the detector detects that the impurity content in the collection box 41 reaches a certain value, the discharge driving member 43 is started, so as to discharge the impurities in the collection box 41 through the spiral discharge pipe 42. When the detector detects that the impurity content in the collection box 41 is lower than a certain value, the discharge driving member 43 is closed.

[0041] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5, a slag discharging mechanism 7 for discharging impurities floating on the top of the water diversion cylinder 21 is arranged at the top of the water diversion cylinder 21. The slag discharging mechanism 7 includes a sliding ring 71, a filtering baffle 72, a rotary driving assembly 73 and a sliding driving member 74. The sliding ring 71 is slidably arranged between the water diversion cylinder 21 and the water inlet pipe 11 along the axis direction of the water diversion cylinder 21. A plurality of groups of slag inlet openings 711 are circumferentially and arrayedly formed on the sliding ring 71. The slag inlet openings 711 facilitate impurities to pass through the sliding ring 71 and enter the top area of the water diversion cylinder 21. The filtering baffle 72 is rotatably installed on the sliding ring 71. The filtering baffle 72 is used to open or close the slag inlet openings 711. The filtering baffle 72 is used to block impurities, and at the same time, the filtering baffle 72 allows water to pass through. The rotary driving assembly 73 is arranged on the sliding ring 71. The rotary driving assembly 73 is used to drive a plurality of groups of filtering baffles 72 to rotate, and finally realize controlling the simultaneous opening or closing of a plurality of groups of slag inlet openings 711. The sliding driving member 74 is arranged on the water diversion cylinder 21. The sliding driving member 74 is used to drive the sliding ring 71 to slide, and finally realize controlling the lifting of the sliding ring 71. Specifically, when the filtering baffle 72 opens the slag inlet openings 711, the lighter impurities entering the water diversion cylinder 21 through the water intake pipe 22 float upward under the action of the rotating water flow in the water diversion cylinder 21, and then pass through the slag inlet openings 711 and enter one side of the top of the water diversion cylinder 21. When the filtering baffle 72 closes the slag inlet openings 711, the filtering baffle 72 and the sliding ring 71 act together to prevent impurities from passing through. Then, the sliding driving member 74 drives the sliding ring 71 to rise. Since the slag inlet openings 711 are closed at this time and the filtering baffle 72 allows water to pass through, finally only the impurities on one side of the top of the water diversion cylinder 21 are removed from the water surface. Finally, after the impurities on the sliding ring 71 are removed by workers, the sliding driving member 74 puts the sliding ring 71 back into the water diversion cylinder 21 again, and rotates the filtering baffle 72 to open the slag inlet openings 711. In this embodiment, a plurality of groups of filter holes for water to pass through are also arranged at intervals on the sliding ring 71. The sliding driving member 74 in this embodiment can be an expansion rod to drive the sliding ring 71 to rise or a winch to drive the sliding ring 71 to rise through a rope. When the sliding driving member 74 is a winch, the sliding ring 71 is made of a material with a relatively large mass, so that the sliding ring 71 can slide downward under the action of its own gravity.

[0042] Refer to Figure 5, the rotation drive assembly 73 includes a drive gear 731, a rotating ring 732, and a rotating member 8. The drive gear 731 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft of the filter baffle 72. The drive gear 731 is used to drive the rotation of the filter baffle 72 to control the opening or closing of the slag inlet 711. The rotating ring 732 is rotatably installed on the sliding ring 71. The rotating ring 732 is located below the drive gear 731. An arc-shaped rack 7321 meshing with the drive gear 731 is provided on one side of the rotating ring 732 close to the drive gear 731. The rotating member 8 is arranged on the sliding ring 71. The rotating member 8 is used to drive the rotating ring 732 to rotate a certain angle. Then, through the meshing of the arc-shaped rack 7321 and the drive gear 731, the filter baffle 72 rotates a certain angle, thereby simultaneously controlling the opening or closing of multiple groups of slag inlets 711.

[0043] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the rotating member 8 includes a bump 81, a limiting ring 82, and a guiding column 83. The bump 81 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the rotating ring 732. The limiting ring 82 is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the water diversion cylinder 21. The limiting ring 82 is used to prevent the sliding ring 71 from continuing to slide towards the bottom of the water diversion cylinder 21, thereby limiting the maximum sliding distance of the sliding ring 71. A sliding groove 821 slidably engaged with the bump 81 is provided on the limiting ring 82. An inclined downward guiding groove 822 is provided on the side wall of the sliding groove 821. The guiding column 83 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the bump 81. The guiding column 83 is slidably arranged in the guiding groove 822. When the sliding ring 71 slides downward, the guiding column 83 slides in the guiding groove 822 to drive the rotation of the rotating ring 732, thereby simultaneously driving the rotation of multiple groups of filter baffles 72 and finally realizing the opening of the slag inlet 711. When the sliding ring 71 moves upward driven by the sliding drive member 74, the filter baffle 72 rotates through the sliding of the guiding column 83 in the guiding groove 822. Finally, the slag inlet 711 is closed by the filter baffle 72 to facilitate the discharge of impurities at the top of the water diversion cylinder 21 from the water diversion cylinder 21.

[0044] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6, a self-locking assembly 9 is provided on the rotating ring 732 for locking the rotating ring 732 on the sliding ring 71 after moving away from the limiting ring 82. An unlocking groove 823 for facilitating the unlocking of the self-locking assembly 9 is provided on one side of the limiting ring 82 away from the guiding groove 822. The self-locking assembly 9 includes a locking pin 91, a return spring 92, a top push rod 93 and a pressing block 94. The locking pin 91 is slidably mounted on the sliding ring 71 in the vertical direction. The locking pin 91 passes through the rotating ring 732 and locks the rotating ring 732. The return spring 92 is fixedly mounted on the sliding ring 71 and is used to push the locking pin 91 to slide towards the rotating ring 732. The top push rod 93 is slidably mounted on the convex block 81 and is used to push the locking pin 91 out of the rotating ring 732 and release the self-locking of the rotating ring 732. The pressing block 94 is fixedly mounted on the top push rod 93 and is slidably connected to the convex block 81. When the sliding ring 71 slides towards the limiting ring 82, the pressing block 94 first abuts against the unlocking groove 823. At this time, since the locking pin 91 still locks the rotating ring 732, the convex block 81 cannot rotate. As the sliding ring 71 continues to slide towards the limiting ring 82, the unlocking groove 823 abuts against the pressing block 94, so that the top push rod 93 slides on the convex block 81. Finally, the locking pin 91 is pushed out of the rotating block by the top push rod 93. At this time, the convex block 81 is pushed to rotate and move down under the interaction of the guiding column 83 and the guiding groove 822. At this time, the pressing block 94 rotates and moves down in the unlocking groove 823, so as to ensure the position of the top push rod 93 in the convex block 81 remains unchanged. When the sliding ring 71 moves away from the limiting ring 82, the pressing block 94 first rotates and moves up in the unlocking groove 823, and at the same time makes the rotating block rotate to its original position. When the pressing block 94 slides out of the unlocking groove 823, the return spring 92 pushes the locking pin 91 to slide, and finally the locking pin 91 is inserted into the rotating ring 732 again to lock the rotating ring 732 on the sliding ring 71. In this embodiment, the guiding groove 822 includes a vertical section and an inclined section. When the guiding column 83 slides in the vertical section, the unlocking groove 823 abuts against the pressing block 94 and pushes the locking pin 91 out of the rotating ring 732 through the top push rod 93.

[0045] Refer to Figure 1 , a water quality detection module 10 for detecting the discharged water quality is provided on the water outlet pipe 14. The water quality detection module 10 includes a water temperature sensor, a dissolved oxygen probe and a turbidity meter. The water quality detection module 10 is electrically connected to the electric control valve 52. According to the detection results of the water quality detection module 10, the opening degree of each water intake pipe 22 is adjusted, so as to adjust the water intake ratio of each water intake pipe 22. Finally, the water quality discharged from the water outlet pipe 14 is close to the water temperature and dissolved oxygen distribution of the natural river, reducing the thermal shock and hypoxia stress on downstream organisms, and at the same time inhibiting the deterioration of the internal stratification in the reservoir and reducing the risk of the expansion of the bottom anaerobic zone.

[0046] The working principle of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: By starting the vacuum pump 62, multiple water intake pipes 22 draw water from different depth areas of the reservoir. The water intake pipes 22 cause the water to enter the water diversion cylinder 21 along the tangential direction, and finally the water rotates in the water diversion cylinder 21, facilitating the mixing of water from different depth areas. The water intake of different water intake pipes 22 is controlled by the water volume control member 5, thereby adjusting the proportion of the mixed water. At the same time, impurities with larger mass settle under the action of centrifugal force, and the filter cover 32 filters the water entering the water inlet pipe 11 again. Finally, the impurities are collected in the collection box 41, and finally the mixed drainage of the reservoir is realized.

[0047] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An ecological water discharge structure for a reservoir, comprising a water inlet pipe (11) that spans across the top of the dam (1) and connects the upstream and downstream of the reservoir. The water inlet pipe (11) is discharged through a water outlet pipe (14) after passing through an ecological maintenance valve (12) and an ecological working valve (13) downstream of the reservoir. It is characterized in that: A drainage driving assembly (6) for driving water to be discharged through a water inlet pipe (11) is provided on the dam (1). An intake mechanism (2) for taking water from different depth areas of multiple reservoirs is provided on the dam (1). The intake mechanism (2) includes: A water diversion cylinder (21) is provided on the side of the dam (1) close to the reservoir. The water inlet pipe (11) is arranged on the axis of the water diversion cylinder (21) and is used to discharge the water near the bottom side in the water diversion cylinder (21). Water intake pipes (22). Multiple groups of the water intake pipes (22) are provided on the water diversion cylinder (21) and are used to discharge water into the water diversion cylinder (21) along the tangential direction of the water diversion cylinder (21). Multiple groups of the water intake pipes (22) are arranged on the water diversion cylinder (21) at intervals in the vertical direction and are used to take water from different depth areas of the reservoir. A water volume control member (5) for controlling the water intake volume of the water intake pipe (22) is provided on the water intake pipe (22). A filtering assembly (3) is provided on the water inlet pipe (11) and is located in the water diversion cylinder (21). The filtering assembly (3) is used to prevent impurities from entering the water inlet pipe (11). A collection assembly (4) is provided at the bottom of the water diversion cylinder (21) and is used to collect the impurities precipitated in the water diversion cylinder (21).

2. The ecological water release structure of a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water volume control member (5) includes a flow sensor (51) and an electric control valve (52). The flow sensor (51) is provided on the water intake pipe (22) and is used to detect the flow value in the water intake pipe (22). The electric control valve (52) is provided on the water intake pipe (22) and is used to control the opening degree of the water intake pipe (22) and adjust the water intake volume of the water intake pipe (22).

3. The ecological water release structure of a reservoir according to claim 2, characterized in that: A water quality detection module (10) for detecting the quality of the discharged water is provided on the water outlet pipe (14). The water quality detection module (10) is electrically connected to the electric control valve (52) and adjusts the opening degree of each water intake pipe (22) according to the detection result.

4. The ecological water release structure of a reservoir according to claim 1, wherein: The filtering assembly (3) includes: An intake cover (31) is sleeved on the side of the water inlet pipe (11) close to the bottom of the water diversion cylinder (21). A filtering cover (32) is hermetically arranged on the water inlet pipe (11) and is located in the intake cover (31). The filtering cover (32) is of a cylindrical structure and multiple groups of filtering holes for facilitating water to enter the water inlet pipe (11) from the intake cover (31) are provided on the side wall. A rotating frame (33) is rotatably arranged on the intake cover (31). Multiple groups of brush heads (331) for cleaning the filtering cover (32) are provided on the rotating frame (33). A connecting sleeve (34) is sleeved on the water inlet pipe (11) and is connected to the rotating frame (33). Multiple groups of worm wheel blades (341) are provided on the connecting sleeve (34). When the water in the water diversion cylinder (21) rotates, the connecting sleeve (34) is driven to rotate through the multiple groups of worm wheel blades (341).

5. The ecological water discharge structure of a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe (11) is higher at one end located in the reservoir than at the end near the drain pipe, enabling the water inlet pipe (11) to form a siphon phenomenon. The drainage driving assembly (6) includes: An air pipe (61) which is arranged on the dam (1) and communicated with the water inlet pipe (11); A vacuum pump (62) which is arranged on the dam (1) and communicated with the air pipe (61). The vacuum pump (62) pumps the air pipe (61) and drives water to flow from the reservoir to the outlet pipe (14) through the water inlet pipe (11); A siphon control member (63) which is arranged on the vacuum pump (62). After the water inlet pipe (11) drains water normally, the air pipe (61) and the vacuum pump (62) are closed through the siphon control member (63).

6. The ecological water release structure of a reservoir according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collection assembly (4) includes: A collection box (41) which is arranged at the bottom of the water diversion cylinder (21) and used for collecting the sedimented impurities in the water diversion cylinder (21). The side of the water diversion cylinder (21) close to the collection box (41) is in an inverted conical structure; A spiral discharge pipe (42) which is arranged on the collection box (41) and used for discharging the impurities in the collection box (41); A discharge driving member (43) which is arranged on the collection box (41) and used for driving the spiral discharge pipe (42) to discharge materials in a spiral manner; A detector which is arranged on the collection box (41) and used for detecting the impurity content in the collection.

7. A reservoir ecological water discharge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slag discharge mechanism (7) for discharging the impurities floating on the top of the water diversion cylinder (21) is arranged at the top of the water diversion cylinder (21). The slag discharge mechanism (7) includes: A sliding ring (71) which is slidably arranged between the water diversion cylinder (21) and the water inlet pipe (11) along the axis direction of the water diversion cylinder (21). A plurality of groups of slag inlet openings (711) for facilitating the entry of impurities between the sliding ring (71) and the top of the water diversion cylinder (21) are circumferentially arranged on the sliding ring (71); A filtering baffle (72) which is rotatably arranged on the sliding ring (71) and used for opening or closing the slag inlet openings (711). The filtering baffle (72) is used for blocking impurities and allowing water to pass through; A rotary driving assembly (73) which is arranged on the sliding ring (71) and used for driving a plurality of groups of filtering baffles (72) to rotate; A sliding driving member (74) which is arranged on the water diversion cylinder (21) and used for driving the sliding ring (71) to slide.

8. The ecological water release structure of a reservoir according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotary driving assembly (73) includes: A driving gear (731) which is arranged on the rotating shaft of the filtering baffle (72) and used for driving the filtering baffle (72) to rotate; A rotating ring (732) which is rotatably arranged on the sliding ring (71) and located below the driving gear (731). An arc-shaped rack (7321) meshing with the driving gear (731) is arranged on the side of the rotating ring (732) close to the driving gear (731); A rotating member (8), which is arranged on a sliding ring (71) and is used to drive a rotating ring (732) to rotate.

9. The ecological water release structure of a reservoir according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating member (8) includes: A bump (81), which is arranged on the bottom of the rotating ring (732); A limiting ring (82), which is arranged in a water diversion cylinder (21) and is used to prevent the sliding ring (71) from sliding towards the bottom of the water diversion cylinder (21). A sliding groove (821) that slidably cooperates with the bump (81) is provided on the limiting ring (82), and a downwardly inclined guiding groove (822) is provided on the side wall of the sliding groove (821); A guiding column (83), which is arranged on the bump (81) and is slidably arranged in the guiding groove (822). When the sliding ring (71) slides downward, the guiding column (83) slides in the guiding groove (822) and drives the rotating ring (732) to rotate.

10. The ecological water release structure of a reservoir according to claim 9, characterized in that: A self-locking assembly (9) is arranged on the rotating ring (732) and is used to lock the rotating ring (732) on the sliding ring (71) after moving away from the limiting ring (82). An unlocking groove (823) for facilitating the unlocking of the self-locking assembly (9) is provided on one side of the limiting ring (82) away from the guiding groove (822). The self-locking assembly (9) includes: A locking pin (91), which is slidably arranged on the sliding ring (71), passes through the rotating ring (732) and locks the rotating ring (732); A return spring (92), which is arranged on the sliding ring (71) and is used to push the locking pin (91) to slide towards the rotating ring (732); A push rod (93), which is slidably arranged on the bump (81) and is used to push the locking pin (91) out of the rotating ring (732); A pressing block (94), which is arranged on the push rod (93). The pressing block (94) presses against the unlocking groove (823) and, when the sliding ring (71) slides towards the limiting ring (82), pushes the locking pin (91) out of the rotating ring (732) through the push rod (93). When the push rod (93) pushes the locking pin (91) out, the guiding column (83) enters the guiding groove (822).

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