Anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil field fracturing, in particular to an anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device which comprises a main valve body and a heating furnace, the upper end and the lower end of the main valve body are fixedly connected with first three-way pipes, the ends of the same sides of the two first three-way pipes are connected with second three-way pipes, and the second three-way pipes are connected with a straight barrel. A piston mechanism is arranged on the straight barrel and driven by a reciprocating mechanism to reciprocate, a circulating pump is fixedly mounted at a liquid outlet of the heating furnace, the output end of the circulating pump is fixedly connected with a heat tracing pipe, the heat tracing pipe spirally winds the circumferential surfaces of the two first three-way pipes, and the tail end of the heat tracing pipe is connected with the heating furnace to form a heating system. Compared with a traditional method, the non-destructive dredging method is more efficient, saves energy, adapts to complex blockage types and can be used in cooperation with a heating system, and the blockage problem caused by sediment accumulation and low-temperature solidification of a fracturing wellhead is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oilfield fracturing, and more particularly to an anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device. Background Art

[0002] In the oil field, fracturing refers to a method of forming fractures in an oil and gas reservoir by using hydraulic action during the process of oil or gas production, also known as hydraulic fracturing. Fracturing artificially creates fractures in the formation to improve the underground flow environment of oil and gas, increase the oil well production, and plays an important role in improving the bottom-hole flow conditions of the oil well, reducing interlayer interference, and improving the utilization status of the oil layer.

[0003] Patent No. CN110566173A discloses a fracturing system with anti-freezing performance, including a first branch and a second branch. The first branch includes a fresh water tank, a blending truck, a buffer tank, a sand mixing truck, a fracturing device, a first plug valve, and a choke manifold. The fresh water tank, the blending truck, the buffer tank, the sand mixing truck, the fracturing device, the first plug valve, and the choke manifold are connected in sequence. The outlet of the choke manifold returns to the fresh water tank to form a closed-loop circulation system. The second branch includes a hot melt wax truck, a double-pump truck, a coiled tubing, and a wellhead. The hot melt wax truck, the double-pump truck, and the coiled tubing are connected in sequence. The coiled tubing passes through the wellhead and enters the bottom of the well. The wellhead in the second branch is connected to the inlet end of the first plug valve in the first branch through a high-pressure pipeline, and a second plug valve is provided on the high-pressure pipeline near the inlet end of the first plug valve. Beneficial effects: When constructing, using a steam vehicle can fully swell the guar gum. When not constructing, full-pipeline circulation anti-freezing and heat preservation are adopted to avoid disassembling the pipeline.

[0004] Due to low temperature, the liquid freezes and the highly viscous fluid solidifies at the fracturing wellhead. In a cold environment, the water-containing liquid freezes and expands, damaging the equipment. High-wax crude oil or heavy oil becomes viscous and hard at low temperature, and proppants, formation debris, and crystals generated by chemical reactions are likely to accumulate at parts such as valves and elbows. If not protected, it will cause valve jamming, pipeline rupture, or blowout risk, affecting safety and production. Therefore, we propose an anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background art.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: an antifreeze fracturing wellhead device, comprising a main valve body and a heating furnace, wherein the upper and lower ends of the main valve body are fixedly connected to a first three-way pipe, the same side ends of the two first three-way pipes are connected to a second three-way pipe, the second three-way pipe is connected to a straight cylinder, a piston mechanism is arranged on the straight cylinder, and the piston mechanism is driven by a reciprocating mechanism to realize reciprocating movement, a circulating pump is fixedly installed at the liquid outlet of the heating furnace, a heating pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the circulating pump, the heating pipe is spirally wound around the circumferential surface of the two first three-way pipes, the end of the heating pipe is connected to the heating furnace to form a heating system, an auxiliary valve body is installed at the connection of the second three-way pipe close to the first three-way pipe, and a group of dynamic detection mechanisms are installed at the connection of the second three-way pipe and the auxiliary valve body.

[0007] The piston mechanism comprises a piston body, a straight rod and a linkage rod, wherein the piston body is slidably connected in the straight cylinder body, a sealing ring is embedded and installed on the circumferential surface of the piston body, one end of the straight rod is fixedly connected to the piston body, the other end of the straight rod slides through the straight cylinder body and extends outward, and the linkage rod is fixedly connected to the end of the straight rod; Furthermore, the reciprocating mechanism includes a base, a limit frame, a sliding sleeve, a straight groove plate, a servo motor, a turntable and a slider, the base is located on the lower side of the straight cylinder, the limit frame and the servo motor are fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, the turntable is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor, the sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the round rod surface of the limit frame, the linkage rod is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding sleeve, the straight groove plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding sleeve, the slider is fixedly connected to the side of the turntable, and the turntable is slidably connected in the straight groove plate.

[0008] Furthermore, each group of the dynamic detection mechanism includes a protective tube, a baffle, and a first sensor group. The protective tube is embedded and installed at the connection between the second three-way pipe and the auxiliary valve body. The baffle is rotatably connected in the protective tube. The first sensor group is fixedly installed on the surface of the second three-way pipe. An installation groove is provided at one end of the axis of the baffle, and the detection end of the first sensor group is inserted into the installation groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the first sensor group includes an angle sensor, a speed sensor and a frequency sensor to detect the rotation angle, rotation speed and rotation frequency of the baffle.

[0010] Furthermore, a second sensor group is installed at the end of the main valve body, and the second sensor group includes a temperature sensor and a flow rate sensor to monitor the temperature and flow rate of the fluid in real time.

[0011] Furthermore, the surface of the first three-way pipe is wrapped with an insulation sleeve, which is made of high-temperature resistant rock wool or aluminum silicate fiber and is covered with an aluminum skin or a stainless steel sheath.

[0012] Furthermore, a filter screen is fitted and installed at the interface between the second three-way pipe and the straight cylinder.

[0013] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: 1. By providing a second three-way pipe and a piston mechanism in cooperation with a heating system, the present invention is conducive to judging whether there is blockage or interruption of flow through a dynamic detection mechanism. When it is confirmed that there is blockage or interruption of flow, the reciprocating mechanism is immediately started, and the piston body is controlled to reciprocate in the straight cylinder through the reciprocating mechanism. When the piston body moves in the direction of the second three-way pipe, the internal fluid can be compressed, the pressure is increased and the blockage is impacted. When the piston body moves away from the second three-way pipe, a negative pressure area is formed, adsorbing and taking away the loosened impurities. Regular reciprocating movement can generate pressure waves, loosen the blocked fluid structure inside, and achieve non-destructive dredging through precisely controllable pressure fluctuations. It is more efficient, energy-saving and adaptable to complex blockage types compared with traditional methods. Moreover, it can be used in cooperation with a heating system to solve the blockage problem caused by sediment accumulation and low-temperature solidification at the fracturing wellhead.

[0014] 2. By providing a tracing heat pipe, the present invention is conducive to indirectly heating by winding around the surface of the first three-way pipe, which can avoid local overheating of the main valve body, ensure uniform temperature distribution, prevent the sealing material from failing due to thermal stress, improve sealing safety. The first three-way pipe serves as a heat exchange medium, can quickly respond to changes in ambient temperature, continuously supplement heat through hot oil circulation, and maintain the temperature of the internal fluid. Compared with the shape and structure of the main valve body, surface heating of the first three-way pipe is easier to assemble and disassemble, and the main valve body does not need to be disassembled during maintenance, improving the replacement and cleaning efficiency. The internal structure of the first three-way pipe is closer to a straight-through structure, with a simple flow channel and no low-flow velocity area, avoiding particle deposition during heating and having a longer service life. While ensuring the anti-freezing effect, it effectively avoids the pain points such as sealing failure and difficult maintenance caused by direct heating, and is especially suitable for the working conditions of high-pressure, highly corrosive and multi-impurity fracturing wellheads.

[0015] 3. By providing a dynamic detection mechanism, the present invention is conducive to detecting the rotation angle, rotation speed and rotation frequency of the detection baffle. When detecting the deflection angle of the detection baffle to judge whether the flow direction is abnormal, such as reverse flow, repeated flow, etc. When sediment accumulates, the rotation speed of the baffle will decrease. A threshold value can be set when measuring the rotation speed, and an alarm is triggered when the flow rate is lower than the threshold value to give an early warning of the internal flow velocity problem. By analyzing the vibration frequency to identify gas-liquid two-phase flow, the dynamic detection mechanism realizes real-time monitoring and intelligent warning of the flow state at the fracturing wellhead through the combination of a mechanical baffle and multi-parameter sensing. Its high-precision data provides a decision-making basis for actuators such as the piston mechanism and the tracing heat pipe, significantly improving the reliability of the operation of the fracturing wellhead. Description of the drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the test structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the dynamic detection mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the baffle structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the filter screen structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the heating tube structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the reciprocating mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals are: 1, main valve body; 2, first three-way pipe; 3, second three-way pipe; 4, sub-valve body; 5, straight cylinder; 7, piston mechanism; 701, piston body; 702, sealing ring; 703, straight rod; 704, linkage rod; 8, heating furnace; 9, circulation pump; 10, tracing pipe; 11, dynamic detection mechanism; 1101, protection cylinder; 1102, baffle; 1103, installation groove; 1104, first sensor group; 12, reciprocating mechanism; 1201, base; 1202, limit frame; 1203, sliding sleeve; 1204, straight groove plate; 1205, servo motor; 1206, turntable; 1207, slider; 13, heat preservation sleeve; 14, second sensor group; 15, filter screen. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. In addition, the forms of the various structures described in the following implementation manners are only examples. The anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device related to the present invention is not limited to the various structures described in the following implementation manners. All other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Refer to Figures 1-8, the present invention provides an anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device, which includes a main valve body 1 and a heating furnace 8. Both the upper and lower ends of the main valve body 1 are fixedly connected to a first three-way pipe 2. One end of the same side of the two first three-way pipes 2 is connected to a second three-way pipe 3. The second three-way pipe 3 is connected to a straight cylinder 5. A piston mechanism 7 is arranged on the straight cylinder 5. The piston mechanism 7 is driven by a reciprocating mechanism 12 to achieve reciprocating movement. The liquid outlet of the heating furnace 8 is fixedly installed with a circulation pump 9. The output end of the circulation pump 9 is fixedly connected to a heat tracing pipe 10. The heat tracing pipe 10 is spirally wound around the circumferential surface of the two first three-way pipes 2. The end of the heat tracing pipe 10 is connected to the heating furnace 8 to form a heating system. A sub-valve body 4 is installed at the connection of the second three-way pipe 3 close to the first three-way pipe 2. A set of dynamic detection mechanisms 11 are installed at the connection of the second three-way pipe 3 and the sub-valve body 4.

[0027] The piston mechanism 7 includes a piston body 701, a straight rod 703 and a linkage rod 704. The piston body 701 is slidably connected inside the straight cylinder 5. A sealing ring 702 is fitted and installed on the circumferential surface of the piston body 701. One end of the straight rod 703 is fixedly connected to the piston body 701. The other end of the straight rod 703 slidably penetrates through the straight cylinder 5 and extends outwards. The linkage rod 704 is fixedly connected to the end of the straight rod 703.

[0028] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that: The first three-way pipe 2 is installed at both ends of the main valve body 1, which does not affect the normal flow of the original fluid. The heating furnace 8 uses diesel heating and is suitable for use in an environment without power supply. The circulating pump 9 is a high-pressure magnetic drive pump to avoid leakage risks. The tracing pipe 10 is made of 316L stainless steel bellows, which can adapt to the pipeline vibration environment and is closely wound around the circumferential surface of the first three-way pipe 2. The heating furnace 8, the circulating pump 9 and the tracing pipe 10 constitute the main structure of the heating system. A second sensor group 14 is installed on the surface of the main valve body 1, and the internal temperature of the main valve body 1 can be monitored in real time through the second sensor group 14. When the internal temperature of the main valve body 1 is lower than the set value, the heating furnace 8 and the circulating pump 9 are automatically started. The heating liquid inside is heated by the heating furnace 8, and the heated heating liquid is heated from the initial temperature to the set value. The set temperature is usually 80 to 120 °C and it takes about 15 to 30 minutes. Then it is output to the tracing pipe 10 through the circulating pump 9, and the tracing pipe 10 is used to transfer heat to the first three-way pipe 2 to heat the first three-way pipe 2 and the internal fluid. After passing through the tracing pipe 10, the temperature of the heating liquid drops by about 5 to 10 °C and returns to the heating furnace 8 for reheating, forming a closed loop, which can keep the temperature of the fluid in the main valve body 1 and the first three-way pipe 2 in a stable state, effectively avoiding the blockage problem caused by too low temperature inside. Compared with the traditional method of directly winding the tracing pipe 10 on the surface of the main valve body 1, this solution indirectly heats by winding on the surface of the first three-way pipe 2, which can avoid local overheating of the main valve body 1, ensure uniform temperature distribution, prevent the sealing material from failing due to thermal stress, and improve the sealing safety. The first three-way pipe 2 serves as a heat exchange medium, can quickly respond to environmental temperature changes, continuously supplement heat through hot oil circulation, and maintain the internal fluid temperature. Compared with the shape and structure of the main valve body 1, the surface heating of the first three-way pipe 2 is easier to assemble and disassemble, and the main valve body 1 does not need to be disassembled during maintenance, improving the replacement or cleaning efficiency. The internal structure of the first three-way pipe 2 is closer to a straight-through structure, with a simple flow channel, no low-flow velocity area, avoiding particle deposition during heating, and having a longer service life. While ensuring the anti-freezing effect, it effectively avoids the pain points of direct heating such as seal failure and difficult maintenance, and is especially suitable for the fracturing wellhead working conditions with high pressure, high corrosiveness and many impurities.

[0029] The main difference between this embodiment and the prior art is that in this embodiment, the second three-way pipe 3 and the piston mechanism 7 are used in cooperation with the heating system. Specifically, when the inside of the main valve body 1 is frozen or blocked, the fluid will stop flowing or the flow rate will be extremely slow. In this solution, a second three-way pipe 3 is connected between the two first three-way pipes 2, which can serve as a hub connecting the main valve body 1 and the straight cylinder 5. The fluid is diverted or converged through the three-way structure to ensure the pressure balance of each branch at the wellhead. The inclination angle of its internal flow channel is > 45°, which can avoid the freezing of liquid accumulation in the low-flow-rate area. Moreover, a dynamic detection mechanism 11 is designed, which can monitor the flow state of the internal fluid in real time. Whether it is blocked or the flow is cut off is judged through the dynamic detection mechanism 11. When it is confirmed that it is blocked or the flow is cut off, the reciprocating mechanism 12 is immediately started. The piston body 701 is controlled by the reciprocating mechanism 12 to reciprocate in the straight cylinder 5. When the piston body 701 moves towards the direction of the second three-way pipe 3, the internal fluid can be compressed, increasing the pressure and impacting the blockage. When the piston body 701 moves away from the direction of the second three-way pipe 3, a negative pressure area is formed, adsorbing and carrying away the loosened impurities. Regular reciprocating movement can generate pressure waves, loosening the blocked fluid structure inside. Through precisely controllable pressure fluctuations, non-destructive dredging is achieved, which is more efficient, energy-saving and adaptable to complex blockage types than traditional methods. Moreover, it can be used in cooperation with the heating system. Through the dual effects of mechanical scraping + dynamic disturbance, the blockage problem caused by sediment accumulation and low-temperature solidification at the fracturing wellhead is fundamentally solved. Its collaborative design with the heat tracing pipe 10 and the dynamic detection mechanism 11 realizes fully automated anti-freezing and anti-blocking, and is especially suitable for extreme environments.

[0030] The above structure is the main structure of this embodiment, which solves the problems of freezing and blockage at the fracturing wellhead. The reciprocating mechanism 12 is a prior structure. The specific structures and connection methods of the heating furnace 8 and the heat tracing pipe 10 are not specifically described in this embodiment. In addition, the dynamic detection mechanism 11 also belongs to the prior art. Therefore, this application does not make a detailed limitation.

[0031] Refer to Figure 8 , the reciprocating mechanism 12 includes a base 1201, a limit frame 1202, a sliding sleeve 1203, a straight groove plate 1204, a servo motor 1205, a turntable 1206 and a slider 1207. The base 1201 is located on the lower side of the straight cylinder 5. The limit frame 1202 and the servo motor 1205 are both fixedly connected to the upper side of the base 1201. The turntable 1206 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 1205. The sliding sleeve 1203 is slidably connected to the surface of the round rod of the limit frame 1202. The linkage rod 704 is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding sleeve 1203. The straight groove plate 1204 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding sleeve 1203. The slider 1207 is fixedly connected to the side of the turntable 1206, and the turntable 1206 is slidably connected in the straight groove plate 1204.

[0032] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that: the base 1201 is fixed on the wellhead device base, and the whole is independent of the main valve body 1 to avoid vibration conduction to the core components. The surface of the sliding sleeve 1203 is plated with hard chromium, and its service life exceeds 100,000 cycles to ensure the service life. During operation, the servo motor 1205 drives the turntable 1206 to rotate, which is converted into the linear motion of the slider 1207, pushing the sliding sleeve 1203 and the linkage rod 704 to move linearly back and forth, and finally driving the piston body 701 to reciprocate in the straight cylinder 5. When the piston body 701 advances, the fluid in the straight cylinder 5 is compressed, and the local pressure increases to impact the blockage. When the piston body 701 retracts, a negative pressure is formed to adsorb the loose impurities to the main channel. By repeating such operations, the internal blockage structure can be disintegrated. It can be automatically started according to the fluid flow data monitored by the dynamic detection mechanism 11. Through precise pressure regulation and high-frequency mechanical actions, the freeze plug problem can be efficiently solved; its modular design is convenient for maintenance, especially suitable for the fracturing wellhead working conditions with high pressure and many impurities.

[0033] Refer to Figures 3-5 , each group of dynamic detection mechanisms 11 includes a protection cylinder 1101, a baffle 1102, and a first sensor group 1104. The protection cylinder 1101 is fitted and installed at the connection of the second three-way pipe 3 and the sub-valve body 4. The baffle 1102 is rotatably connected inside the protection cylinder 1101. The first sensor group 1104 is fixedly installed on the surface of the second three-way pipe 3. An installation groove 1103 is provided at one end of the axis of the baffle 1102, and the detection end of the first sensor group 1104 is inserted into the installation groove 1103.

[0034] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that: the baffle 1102 can rotate under the support of the protection cylinder 1101, and its rotation speed is related to the fluid flow rate. When the fluid passes through the baffle 1102, the baffle 1102 is impacted and rotates. The first sensor group 1104 is used to monitor the rotation of the baffle 1102 in real time. The first sensor group 1104 includes an angle sensor, a speed sensor, and a frequency sensor to detect the rotation angle, rotation speed, and rotation frequency of the baffle 1102. When detecting the deflection angle of the baffle, it is judged whether the flow direction is abnormal, such as reverse flow, repeated flow, etc. When sediment accumulates, the rotation speed of the baffle 1102 will decrease. A threshold can be set when measuring the rotation speed, and an alarm is triggered when the flow rate is lower than the threshold to give an early warning of the internal flow rate problem. By analyzing the vibration frequency, the gas-liquid two-phase flow can be identified. The dynamic detection mechanism 11 realizes the real-time monitoring and intelligent warning of the flow state of the fracturing wellhead through the combination of a mechanical baffle and multi-parameter sensing. Its high-precision data provides a decision-making basis for the actuator mechanisms such as the piston mechanism 7 and the heat tracing pipe 10, significantly improving the reliability of the operation of the fracturing wellhead.

[0035] Refer to Figure 2 , a second sensor group 14 is installed at the end of the main valve body 1. The second sensor group 14 includes a temperature sensor and a flow rate sensor to monitor the temperature and flow rate of the fluid in real time.

[0036] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that: The second sensor group 14 uses PT100 temperature sensors and electromagnetic flowmeters to monitor the internal fluid temperature, prevent low-temperature freezing or high-temperature damage to the sealing material. When the temperature < low-temperature threshold, for example, 5 degrees Celsius, the heating furnace 8 is automatically started and the hot oil temperature is raised to the set value. When the temperature > high-temperature threshold, an over-temperature alarm is triggered and the heating power is reduced to ensure that the device operates at a stable temperature; the electromagnetic flowmeter detects the fluid flow rate to determine whether the flow rate decreases due to blockage. When the flow rate < low-speed threshold, the piston mechanism 7 is linked to increase the reciprocating frequency to prevent internal blockage and dredge the inside of the pipeline. When the flow rate suddenly drops to 0, it is determined as a complete blockage and the emergency mode is started. Moreover, the detected data is cross-validated with the baffle rotation speed data of the dynamic detection mechanism 11 to distinguish fault types such as frozen blockage at low temperature + flow rate drop, sand blockage at normal temperature + sudden flow rate drop, etc. The collaborative work with the dynamic detection mechanism 11 realizes the technical leap from "passive response" to "active prevention".

[0037] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 In reference to

[0038] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that: The heat preservation sleeve 13 is tightly wrapped on the outer surface of the first three-way pipe 2, between the tracing pipe 10 and the external environment, forming a heat insulation layer. Using high-temperature resistant rock wool or aluminum silicate fiber with a thermal conductivity ≤ 0.04W / mK, the heat of the tracing pipe 10 is locked within the valve body system, and the heat loss is reduced to < 15%. Compared with the design without a heat preservation layer, it can effectively reduce the heating energy consumption, avoid local overcooling or overheating on the surface of the first three-way pipe 2, ensure that the overall temperature gradient of the main valve body 1 ≤ 5°C, effectively prevent the sealing parts from failing due to thermal stress, and its high-temperature resistance and long service life are especially suitable for the fracturing wellhead working conditions of high pressure and high cold.

[0039] Refer to Figure 6 A filter screen 15 is fitted and installed at the interface between the second three-way pipe 3 and the straight cylinder 5.

[0040] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that: The filter screen 15 is located at the connection between the second three-way pipe 3 and the straight cylinder 5, with a filter hole diameter of 0.5 - 1mm, effectively blocking impurities such as 20 / 40-mesh fracturing sand and metal debris > 100μm, preventing them from entering the straight cylinder 5 or the piston mechanism 7 and causing wear, and extending the service life of the piston mechanism 7.

[0041] The working principle of the present invention: The main problem solved by this embodiment is: this solution realizes non-destructive dredging by using the second three-way pipe 3 and the piston mechanism 7 in conjunction with the heating system. Compared with the traditional method, it is more efficient, energy-saving and adaptable to complex blockage types, and solves the blockage problem caused by sediment accumulation and low-temperature solidification at the fracturing wellhead; the dynamic detection mechanism 11 and the filter screen 15 synchronously monitor the internal fluid, and the piston mechanism 7 is linked to increase the reciprocating frequency to prevent internal blockage, dredge the inside of the pipeline, and solve the problem of preventing blockage inside the fracturing wellhead.

[0042] The specific steps are as follows: This solution realizes fully automatic anti-freezing and anti-blocking of fracturing wellheads through the coordination of three modules: dynamic heating, mechanical dredging, and intelligent monitoring. The specific workflow is as follows: S1. Intelligent monitoring starts S101, the fluid state is monitored in real time through the dynamic detection mechanism 11 and the filter 15, the baffle 1102 rotates under the impact of the fluid, the first sensor group 1104 collects speed and angle data, and the filter 15 monitors the fluid temperature and flow rate in real time; S102, abnormality determination: Abnormal flow rate, speed decrease > set value → trigger piston mechanism 7, drive piston body 701 to reciprocate through reciprocating mechanism 12, dredge internal pipeline and prevent blockage; Abnormal temperature < set value → start the heating furnace 8, pump the heating liquid into the heat tracing pipe 10 through the circulation pump 9, use the heat tracing pipe 10 to exchange heat with the first three-way pipe 2, increase the temperature of the fluid inside the device, and prevent internal freezing; S2. Hierarchical response mechanism: S201 Slight deposition: The piston body 701 reciprocates at a low frequency to prevent dredging; S202 Moderate freezing: The heating furnace 8 is heated to a high temperature mode, and the circulation pump 9 is used to speed up the flow rate of the heating liquid to prevent problems caused by low temperature, and the piston body 701 is controlled to accelerate the reciprocating movement to automatically handle the internal blockage; S203 Severe blockage: The circulating pump 9 controls the heating liquid to flow at the fastest flow rate, and the piston body 701 reciprocates at the highest speed, and opens the two auxiliary valve bodies 4 to achieve bypass pressure relief to prevent internal pipeline bursting. Multi-sensor fusion decision-making reduces manual intervention and realizes fully automatic protection of the fracturing wellhead; S3, alarm system: if the interior cannot be unblocked within the set time, the alarm mechanism will be automatically triggered, and the staff will assist in unblocking. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device, comprising a main valve body (1) and a heating furnace (8), characterized in that: Both the upper and lower ends of the main valve body (1) are fixedly connected to the first three-way pipe (2). One end of the same side of the two first three-way pipes (2) is connected to the second three-way pipe (3). The second three-way pipe (3) is connected to a straight cylinder body (5). A piston mechanism (7) is arranged on the straight cylinder body (5). The piston mechanism (7) is driven by a reciprocating mechanism (12) to achieve reciprocating movement. The liquid outlet of the heating furnace (8) is fixedly installed with a circulating pump (9). The output end of the circulating pump (9) is fixedly connected to a heat tracing pipe (10). The heat tracing pipe (10) is spirally wound around the circumferential surface of the two first three-way pipes (2). The end of the heat tracing pipe (10) is connected to the heating furnace (8) to form a heating system. A secondary valve body (4) is installed at the connection of the second three-way pipe (3) close to the first three-way pipe (2). A set of dynamic detection mechanisms (11) are installed at the connection of the second three-way pipe (3) and the secondary valve body (4). The piston mechanism (7) includes a piston body (701), a straight rod (703) and a linkage rod (704). The piston body (701) is slidably connected inside the straight cylinder body (5). A sealing ring (702) is fitted and installed on the circumferential surface of the piston body (701). One end of the straight rod (703) is fixedly connected to the piston body (701). The other end of the straight rod (703) slidably penetrates the straight cylinder body (5) and extends outward. The linkage rod (704) is fixedly connected to the end of the straight rod (703).

2. The anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device according to claim 1, wherein: The reciprocating mechanism (12) includes a base (1201), a limit frame (1202), a sliding sleeve (1203), a straight groove plate (1204), a servo motor (1205), a turntable (1206) and a slider (1207). The base (1201) is located below the straight cylinder body (5). The limit frame (1202) and the servo motor (1205) are both fixedly connected to the upper side of the base (1201). The turntable (1206) is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (1205). The sliding sleeve (1203) is slidably connected to the circular rod surface of the limit frame (1202). The linkage rod (704) is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding sleeve (1203). The straight groove plate (1204) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding sleeve (1203). The slider (1207) is fixedly connected to the side of the turntable (1206), and the turntable (1206) is slidably connected inside the straight groove plate (1204).

3. The anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each set of the dynamic detection mechanisms (11) includes a protection cylinder (1101), a baffle plate (1102), and a first sensor group (1104). The protection cylinder (1101) is fitted and installed at the connection of the second three-way pipe (3) and the secondary valve body (4). The baffle plate (1102) is rotatably connected inside the protection cylinder (1101). The first sensor group (1104) is fixedly installed on the surface of the second three-way pipe (3). An installation groove (1103) is arranged at one end of the axis of the baffle plate (1102). The detection end of the first sensor group (1104) is inserted into the installation groove (1103).

4. The anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first sensor group (1104) includes an angle sensor, a speed sensor, and a frequency sensor to detect the rotation angle, rotation speed, and rotation frequency of the baffle (1102).

5. The anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second sensor group (14) is installed at the end of the main valve body (1). The second sensor group (14) includes a temperature sensor and a flow rate sensor to monitor the temperature and flow rate of the fluid in real time.

6. The anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the first three-way pipe (2) is wrapped with a heat preservation sleeve (13). The heat preservation sleeve (13) is made of high-temperature resistant rock wool or aluminum silicate fiber, and is externally wrapped with aluminum skin or a stainless steel sheath.

7. The anti-freezing fracturing wellhead device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen (15) is fitted and installed at the interface between the second three-way pipe (3) and the straight cylinder body (5).

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