The invention relates to a rotating speed tracking and sampling spectrum number solidifying method of variable speed mechanical fault diagnosis, which is characterized by comprising the steps of: sampling mechanical related fault signals by replacing rotating speed pulse signals with frequency of Xfn in a moving
machine with astronomical
clock recurrent pulse signals; and then carrying out numerical analysis on the signals by applying an FFT (
Fast Fourier Transform) technology, reconstructing a classical frequency coordinate
system of FFT analysis output information into a spectrum number coordinate
system of rotating speed tracking FFT analysis, and establishing a recognition function of spectrum numbers corresponding to information characteristics. The invention can change the classical rotating speed variable state which can not be monitored and diagnosed in a process of sampling a astronomical
clock period into a state which can be monitored and diagnosed by rotating speed tracking and sampling, thereby greatly improving the time coverage rate of
safety monitoring, preventing a dead zone of a classical technology, and being especially suitable for fault diagnosis in fields of city
light rail traffic, subway, city buses,
wind power generation and the like. The recognition of the classical technology to
spectrogram and
frequency spectrum is greatly simplified by applying a curing characteristic spectrum number formula, which is beneficial to manual spectrum recognition and more computer automatic diagnosis.