State monitoring method and system for drilling machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling machine monitoring and control, and discloses a state monitoring method and system for a drilling machine, and the method comprises the steps: detecting the stratum hardness in real time when the drilling machine is started, comparing the stratum hardness with data in a reference database, and judging the state of the drilling machine; if the state is abnormal, the contact condition of the drill bit and the stratum is checked, and if not, the drilling strategy is adjusted; if the environmental data is normal, checking whether the drilling machine is abnormal, and determining an early warning level according to the abnormal condition; and if the drilling machine is normal, updating the real-time hardness data into the reference database. According to the state monitoring method and system for the drilling machine, the working efficiency of the drilling machine can be improved, poor stratum contact is reduced, the environmental adaptability is enhanced, the safety is improved, reference data management is optimized, and the practical value is remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling rig monitoring and control, and more particularly, to a method and system for monitoring the state of a drilling rig. Background Art

[0002] A drilling rig is a mechanical device used to drill underground or in a well for substances such as rocks, ores, and formations. They are commonly used in construction projects, geological exploration, mining, water conservancy projects, and other fields. The significance of monitoring the state of a drilling rig lies in improving work efficiency, ensuring safety, extending the service life of the equipment, and being able to promptly detect and solve potential problems to ensure the smooth progress of the work.

[0003] Currently, the potential disadvantages faced by the drilling rig state monitoring method mainly involve aspects such as data processing complexity, accuracy, and real-time performance. Therefore, seeking a more efficient, accurate, and real-time drilling rig state monitoring technology to make up for the deficiencies of the existing technology is of great significance for many fields such as construction projects, geological exploration, mining, and water conservancy projects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method and system for monitoring the state of a drilling rig, aiming to solve the problems of data processing complexity, accuracy, and real-time performance faced by the current drilling rig state monitoring method.

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention proposes a method for monitoring the state of a drilling rig, including:

[0006] Construct a reference database based on the reference data corresponding to the standard drill bit and various hardness formations;

[0007] When starting the drilling rig, obtain the real-time hardness of the formation in real time, and obtain the reference data corresponding to the real-time hardness in the reference database;

[0008] Obtain the real-time data when the drill bit drills the bottom layer in real time, comprehensively analyze the real-time data with the reference data, and judge whether the state of the drilling rig is abnormal according to the comprehensive analysis result;

[0009] When the judgment result is that the state of the drilling rig is abnormal, judge whether there is poor formation contact between the drill bit of the drilling rig and the formation;

[0010] When there is poor formation contact, adjust the drilling strategy between the drill bit and the formation;

[0011] When there is no poor formation contact, detect the environmental data of the drilling rig, and judge whether there is environmental abnormality in the environment where the drilling rig is located according to the environmental data;

[0012] When there is environmental abnormality, adjust the working state of the drilling rig according to the environmental data;

[0013] When there is no environmental anomaly, detect whether there is an anomaly in the drill rig itself;

[0014] When there is an anomaly in the drill rig itself, obtain the anomaly warning level according to the anomaly situation of the drill rig itself;

[0015] When there is no anomaly in the drill rig itself, determine that the drill rig is operating normally, and at the same time, overwrite the reference data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation in the reference database with the real-time data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation.

[0016] Preferably, the reference data includes the reference feed rate and reference diameter of the drill hole; the real-time data includes the real-time feed rate and real-time diameter of the drill hole.

[0017] Preferably, the calculation formula for the reference feed rate is:

[0018]

[0019] The calculation formula for the reference diameter is:

[0020]

[0021] Wherein, F is the reference feed rate, D is the reference diameter, L is the bit length, R is the bit rotation speed, H is the formation hardness, T is the unit time, and π is the pi.

[0022] Preferably, when comprehensively analyzing the real-time data and the reference data and judging whether the state of the drill rig is abnormal according to the comprehensive analysis result, it includes:

[0023] Calculate the comprehensive anomaly index according to the real-time feed rate, reference feed rate, real-time diameter and reference diameter, and judge whether the state of the drill rig is abnormal according to the comprehensive anomaly index. The calculation formula for the comprehensive anomaly index is:

[0024] Z = α·(f - F) 2 + β·(d - D) 2 ;

[0025] Wherein, Z is the comprehensive anomaly index, f is the real-time feed rate, F is the reference feed rate, d is the real-time diameter, D is the reference diameter, and α and β are weight coefficients;

[0026] Preset the comprehensive anomaly index threshold, denote the comprehensive anomaly index threshold as Z0, and compare the calculated comprehensive anomaly index with the comprehensive anomaly index threshold;

[0027] When Z0 ≥ Z, the judgment result is that the state of the drill rig is not abnormal;

[0028] When Z0 < Z, the judgment result is that the state of the drill rig is abnormal.

[0029] Preferably, when the judgment result is that the state of the drilling rig is abnormal and it is determined whether there is poor formation contact between the drill bit of the drilling rig and the formation, it includes:

[0030] When the judgment result is that the state of the drilling rig is abnormal, obtain the real-time pressure and real-time torque of the drill bit of the drilling rig, calculate the contact abnormal index by using the real-time pressure and real-time torque, and judge the formation contact situation according to the contact abnormal index;

[0031] The calculation formula of the contact abnormal index is:

[0032]

[0033] where y is the contact abnormal index, p is the real-time pressure, t is the real-time torque, and m is the coefficient for adjusting the pressure and torque ratio;

[0034] Preset the contact abnormal index threshold, denote the contact abnormal index threshold as y0, and compare the calculated contact abnormal index with the contact abnormal index threshold;

[0035] When y0≥y, the judgment result is that there is no poor formation contact;

[0036] When y0<y, the judgment result is that there is poor formation contact.

[0037] Preferably, when there is poor formation contact, when adjusting the drilling strategy between the drill bit and the formation, it includes:

[0038] Calculate the absolute value of the difference between the contact abnormal index and the contact abnormal index threshold, denoted as y'; preset the preset contact abnormal index difference Y, compare y' with Y, and adjust the drilling strategy according to the comparison result;

[0039] When y'<Y, obtain the real-time drilling speed of the drilling rig, denoted as S;

[0040] At the same time, calculate the ratio a of y' to Y,

[0041] Use the ratio a as the adjustment coefficient of the drilling speed to adjust the real-time drilling speed of the drilling rig to obtain the adjusted drilling speed, and the calculation formula is:

[0042] S0=(1 - a)S;

[0043] where S0 is the adjusted drilling speed;

[0044] When the ratio of the adjusted drilling speed S0 to S is less than 1 / 2, adjust S0 to be less than 1 / 2 of the ratio to S.

[0045] Preferably, when there is no poor formation contact, when detecting the environmental data of the drilling rig and judging whether there is environmental abnormality in the environment where the drilling rig is located according to the environmental data, it includes:

[0046] The environmental data includes the real-time wind speed W and the real-time air pressure N;

[0047] Preset a safe wind speed W0 and a safe air pressure N0;

[0048] When N ≤ N0 and W ≤ W0, the judgment result is that there is no environmental abnormality in the environment where the drilling rig is located;

[0049] When N > N0 and W ≤ W0, the judgment result is that there is environmental abnormality in the environment where the drilling rig is located, and the result is recorded as a first-level abnormality;

[0050] When N ≤ N0 and W > W0, the judgment result is that there is environmental abnormality in the environment where the drilling rig is located, and the result is recorded as a first-level abnormality;

[0051] When N > N0 and W > W0, the judgment result is that there is environmental abnormality in the environment where the drilling rig is located, and the result is recorded as a second-level abnormality;

[0052] Preset an environmental abnormality detection time threshold b. When the result is a first-level abnormality, obtain the time b0 of continuous first-level abnormality. When b0 > b, upgrade the first-level abnormality to a second-level abnormality.

[0053] Preferably, when the result is a first-level abnormality, adjust the drilling speed of the drilling rig according to the environmental data, the safe wind speed W0 and the safe air pressure N0 to obtain the adjusted drilling speed G0;

[0054] When the result is a first-level abnormality, obtain the real-time drilling speed of the drilling rig, denoted as G; calculate the adjusted drilling speed G0 according to the following formula;

[0055]

[0056] G0 = k·G;

[0057] Wherein, when N > N0 and W ≤ W0, W is denoted as 0; when N ≤ N0 and W > W0, N is denoted as 0;

[0058] k is the drilling speed adjustment coefficient. When k < 0.5, k is denoted as 0.5;

[0059] When the result is a second-level abnormality, adjust the usage state of the drilling rig to the closed state.

[0060] Preferably, when there is no environmental abnormality, it is detected whether there is an abnormality in the drilling rig itself; when there is an abnormality in the drilling rig itself, an abnormal warning level is obtained according to the abnormal situation of the drilling rig itself; when there is no abnormality in the drilling rig itself, it is determined that the drilling rig is operating normally. At the same time, when the real-time data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation overwrites the reference data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation in the reference database, it includes:

[0061] When there is no environmental abnormality, the real-time load R of the motor of the drilling rig is detected;

[0062] A first preset motor load R1, a second preset motor load R2, and a third preset motor load R3 are preset in advance, and 0 < R1 < R2 < R3; wherein, the first preset motor load R1 is the rated capacity of the motor;

[0063] An abnormal warning level is preset in advance, and the abnormal warning level includes a low-level warning, a medium-level warning, and a high-level warning;

[0064] When R < R1, it is determined that the drilling rig is operating normally;

[0065] When R1 ≤ R < R2, it is determined that the abnormal warning level is recorded as a low-level warning;

[0066] When R2 ≤ R < R3, it is determined that the abnormal warning level is recorded as a medium-level warning, and at this time, the load of the motor is reduced;

[0067] When R3 ≤ R, it is determined that the abnormal warning level is recorded as a high-level warning, and at this time, the usage state of the drilling rig is adjusted to the closed state.

[0068] On the other hand, the present invention also proposes a state monitoring system for a drilling rig, including:

[0069] A reference database module for storing reference data corresponding to standard drill bits and various hardness formations;

[0070] A real-time data acquisition module for real-time obtaining the hardness data of the formation and the real-time data when the drill bit drills the bottom layer;

[0071] A state analysis module for comprehensively analyzing the real-time data and the reference data to determine whether the state of the drilling rig is abnormal; at the same time, the state analysis module is used for further analyzing and determining whether there is poor formation contact between the drill bit and the formation when the judgment result is abnormal;

[0072] An environmental abnormality detection module for detecting the environmental data of the drilling rig; at the same time, the environmental abnormality detection module is used for judging whether there is an abnormality in the environment where the drilling rig is located according to the environmental data;

[0073] A drilling rig detection module for detecting whether there is an abnormality in the drilling rig itself;

[0074] The drilling strategy adjustment module is used to adjust the drilling strategy between the drill bit and the formation when there is poor formation contact, abnormal environment where the drill rig is located, or abnormality in the drill rig itself;

[0075] The abnormal warning module generates an abnormal warning level according to the abnormal conditions of the drill rig itself; at the same time, the abnormal warning module is used to adjust the usage status of the drill rig according to the abnormal conditions of the drill rig itself;

[0076] The database update module is used to overwrite the reference data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation in the reference database with the real-time data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation when there is no abnormality in the drill rig itself.

[0077] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0078] The state monitoring method and system for a drill rig disclosed by the present invention can improve the working efficiency of the drill rig, reduce poor formation contact, enhance environmental adaptability, improve safety, and optimize reference data management, and have significant practical value and economic benefits. Specifically:

[0079] Improve the operation efficiency of the drill rig: By obtaining the real-time data of the formation hardness and the drill bit during the drilling process in real time and conducting comprehensive analysis, it helps to timely discover problems such as abnormal drill rig status or poor formation contact, and then take corresponding measures to improve the operation efficiency and drilling quality of the drill rig.

[0080] Reduce poor formation contact: Judge whether there is poor contact between the drill bit and the formation, and adjust the drilling strategy according to the judgment to reduce the phenomenon of poor formation contact, reduce the failure rate during the drilling process, and enhance the stability and reliability of the drill rig.

[0081] Enhance environmental adaptability: Detect the environmental data where the drill rig is located, and judge whether there is an abnormality according to the environmental data, and assist the drill rig to adjust the operation status according to different working environments to improve the adaptability and production efficiency of the drill rig.

[0082] Improve safety: Timely detect whether there is an abnormality in the drill rig itself, and obtain the abnormal warning level according to the abnormal situation, improve the safety of the drill rig, reduce the risk of accidents, and ensure the safety of the staff and equipment.

[0083] Optimize reference data management: Overwrite the real-time data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation in the reference database with the reference data corresponding to the hardness of the corresponding formation, which helps to update and optimize the reference data management in real time, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the drill rig monitoring system. Description of the Drawings

[0084] By reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present invention. Also, throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0085] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring the state of a drilling rig provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of a system for monitoring the state of a drilling rig provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specific Embodiments

[0087] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present disclosure can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0088] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment discloses a method for monitoring the state of a drilling rig, including:

[0089] S1. Construct a reference database based on the reference data corresponding to the standard drill bit and various hardness formations;

[0090] S2. When starting the drilling rig, real-time obtain the real-time hardness of the formation, and obtain the reference data corresponding to the real-time hardness in the reference database;

[0091] S3. Real-time obtain the real-time data when the drill bit drills the bottom layer, comprehensively analyze the real-time data and the reference data, and judge whether the state of the drilling rig is abnormal according to the comprehensive analysis result;

[0092] S4. When the judgment result is that the state of the drilling rig is abnormal, judge whether there is poor formation contact between the drill bit of the drilling rig and the formation;

[0093] S5. When there is poor formation contact, adjust the drilling strategy between the drill bit and the formation;

[0094] S6. When there is no poor formation contact, detect the environmental data of the drilling rig, and judge whether there is environmental abnormality in the environment where the drilling rig is located according to the environmental data;

[0095] S7. When there is an environmental anomaly, adjust the working state of the drill rig according to the environmental data;

[0096] S8. When there is no environmental anomaly, detect whether there is an anomaly in the drill rig itself;

[0097] S9. When there is an anomaly in the drill rig itself, obtain the anomaly warning level according to the anomaly situation of the drill rig itself, and adjust the usage state of the drill rig according to the anomaly situation of the drill rig itself;

[0098] S10. When there is no anomaly in the drill rig itself, determine that the drill rig is operating normally, and at the same time overwrite the reference data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation in the reference database with the real-time data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation.

[0099] It can be understood that during the operation of the drill rig, real-time monitoring of its state is a crucial link. To achieve this goal, this embodiment proposes a new state monitoring method for drill rigs. This method mainly includes the following steps:

[0100] I. Construct a reference database

[0101] First of all, it is necessary to construct a complete reference database based on the reference data corresponding to the standard drill bit and various hardness formations. This database will provide an important basis for subsequent real-time monitoring and data analysis.

[0102] II. Obtain the formation hardness in real time and match the reference data

[0103] When the drill rig is started, it is necessary to obtain the hardness of the current formation in real time. Then, search for the reference data corresponding to the real-time hardness in the reference database. In this way, the real-time formation hardness data can be compared with the reference data, laying a foundation for subsequent state judgment.

[0104] III. Comprehensively analyze the real-time data and the reference data

[0105] After obtaining the real-time formation hardness data and the corresponding reference data, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze these two. Through the analysis results, it can be judged whether the state of the drill rig is normal. If an anomaly is found, the following operations need to be further carried out.

[0106] IV. Judge the formation contact state and adjust the drilling strategy

[0107] If the judgment result is that the state of the drill rig is abnormal, it is necessary to further judge whether there is poor formation contact. If so, it is necessary to adjust the drilling strategy of the drill bit and the formation to restore the normal operation state.

[0108] V. Detect the environmental data and adjust the working state of the drill rig

[0109] If there is no poor formation contact, it is necessary to detect the environmental data of the drilling rig. According to the detection results, judge whether there is environmental abnormality in the environment where the drilling rig is located. If there is environmental abnormality, it is necessary to adjust the working state of the drilling rig according to the environmental data to ensure normal operation.

[0110] VI. Detect the abnormalities of the drilling rig itself and give the warning level

[0111] If there is no environmental abnormality, it is necessary to detect whether there are abnormalities in the drilling rig itself. If an abnormality is found, it is necessary to give the corresponding warning level according to the abnormality of the drilling rig so as to take measures in time.

[0112] VII. Determine the normal operation of the drilling rig and update the reference database

[0113] If there are no abnormalities in the drilling rig itself, it can be determined that the drilling rig is operating normally. At the same time, the real-time data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation is overwritten into the reference database to provide real-time and accurate data support for subsequent operations.

[0114] Through the above seven steps, the real-time monitoring of the drilling rig state can be realized, and the working state of the drilling rig can be adjusted in time to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the drilling rig. At the same time, this method also helps to improve the stability and reliability of the drilling rig operation and reduce the risk of accidents.

[0115] In some embodiments of the present application, the reference data includes the reference feed rate and reference diameter of the drilling; the real-time data includes the real-time feed rate and real-time diameter of the drilling.

[0116] It can be understood that this embodiment proposes a monitoring and optimization process for the drilling process. This process mainly relies on two types of data: reference data and real-time data. These two types of data play a crucial role in the drilling process and can help us better understand and control the drilling process.

[0117] The reference data refers to the reference feed rate and reference diameter of the drilling preset during the drilling process. These data provide basic guidance for the drilling process, enabling the drilling process to proceed within the preset parameter range. The importance of the reference data lies in that they provide a reference benchmark for the acquisition and processing of real-time data, enabling the real-time data to be analyzed and utilized in the correct coordinate system.

[0118] Corresponding to the reference data is the real-time data, which includes the real-time feed rate and real-time diameter during the drilling process. The real-time data reflects the real-time state of the drilling process, including the feed speed of the drill bit, the drilling diameter, etc. The acquisition and processing of the real-time data are of great significance for monitoring the dynamic changes of the drilling process, predicting potential problems, and adjusting the drilling parameters in real time.

[0119] This embodiment proposes a method for monitoring and optimizing the drilling process by leveraging the association between reference data and real-time data. In the subsequent application method, it mainly includes the following steps:

[0120] 1. First, collect the reference data and real-time data during the drilling process. This step can be achieved through various sensors and monitoring devices, such as feed sensors, diameter measuring instruments, etc.

[0121] 2. Next, preprocess the collected reference data and real-time data for subsequent analysis. The preprocessing process may include operations such as data cleaning and data normalization.

[0122] 3. Conduct real-time analysis and monitoring on the preprocessed data. By comparing the reference data and real-time data, abnormal situations during the drilling process can be detected in a timely manner, such as too fast feed speed, too large drilling diameter, etc.

[0123] 4. According to the results of real-time analysis, adjust the drilling parameters in real time to optimize the drilling process. For example, when it is found that the feed speed is too fast, the feed speed can be reduced to ensure the drilling quality.

[0124] 5. Finally, feedback the adjusted drilling parameters into the drilling process to achieve closed-loop control of the drilling process. This closed-loop control method helps to improve the drilling quality and reduce the risks and costs during the drilling process.

[0125] In summary, this embodiment proposes a method for monitoring and optimizing the drilling process based on reference data and real-time data. By collecting, analyzing, and processing reference data and real-time data in real time, real-time monitoring and optimization adjustment of the drilling process can be achieved, thereby improving the drilling quality and reducing the drilling cost. This method has a wide application prospect in various drilling application scenarios.

[0126] In some embodiments of this application, the calculation formula for the reference feed rate is:

[0127]

[0128] The calculation formula for the reference diameter is:

[0129]

[0130] Where F is the reference feed rate, D is the reference diameter, L is the drill bit length, R is the drill bit rotation speed, H is the formation hardness, T is the unit time, and π is the pi.

[0131] It is understandable that this embodiment will elaborate in detail on the calculation methods of the reference feed rate and the reference diameter. These two calculation formulas play a crucial role in the drill bit processing. They not only affect the processing effect of the drill bit but also are related to the processing efficiency. Next, the two calculation formulas will be analyzed in detail respectively.

[0132] First, in the calculation formula of the reference feed rate, F represents the reference feed rate, D represents the reference diameter, L represents the drill bit length, R represents the drill bit rotation speed, H represents the formation hardness, T represents the unit time, and π represents the pi. The core idea of this formula is to comprehensively consider various key parameters in the drill bit processing process, so as to obtain a reference feed rate that can reflect the processing difficulty. This reference feed rate can be used to guide the processing process and help engineers better master the processing progress and processing force.

[0133] Next, the calculation formula of the reference diameter also includes these parameters F, D, R, H, T, and π. Compared with the calculation formula of the reference feed rate, the calculation formula of the reference diameter pays more attention to the influence of the drill bit diameter size on the processing effect. By calculating the reference diameter, a more accurate drill bit diameter can be obtained, thereby improving the processing accuracy and stability.

[0134] In practical applications, these two calculation formulas can cooperate with each other and play a joint role. By reasonably adjusting the reference feed rate and the reference diameter, the drill bit can better adapt to various complex formations during the processing process, improving the processing efficiency and quality of the drill bit. In addition, these two formulas can also be adjusted according to the actual situation to meet the differences of different drill bits, different formations, and different processing requirements.

[0135] In summary, the calculation formulas of the reference feed rate and the reference diameter are of great significance in the embodiments of this application. They provide a set of scientific and reasonable parameter adjustment basis for drill bit processing, helping to improve the processing quality and efficiency of the drill bit. In practical applications, these two formulas should be flexibly used according to specific situations to achieve better processing effects.

[0136] In some embodiments of this application, when comprehensively analyzing the real-time data and the reference data and judging whether the state of the drilling rig is abnormal according to the comprehensive analysis result, it includes:

[0137] Calculating a comprehensive abnormality index based on the real-time feed rate, the reference feed rate, the real-time diameter, and the reference diameter, and judging whether the state of the drilling rig is abnormal according to the comprehensive abnormality index. The calculation formula of the comprehensive abnormality index is:

[0138] Z = α·(f - F) 2 + β·(d - D) 2 ;

[0139] Wherein, Z is the comprehensive anomaly index, f is the real-time feed rate, F is the reference feed rate, d is the real-time diameter, D is the reference diameter, and α and β are weight coefficients;

[0140] Preset a threshold for the comprehensive anomaly index, denote the threshold for the comprehensive anomaly index as Z0, and compare the calculated comprehensive anomaly index with the threshold for the comprehensive anomaly index;

[0141] When Z0 ≥ Z, the judgment result is that the state of the drill rig is normal;

[0142] When Z0 < Z, the judgment result is that the state of the drill rig is abnormal.

[0143] It can be understood that this embodiment proposes a comprehensive analysis method, which combines real-time data with reference data to determine whether the state of the drill rig is abnormal. This judgment method is of great significance during the operation of the drill rig because it can help us detect and handle potential problems in a timely manner. The following are the detailed steps and principles of this method.

[0144] First, it is necessary to calculate a comprehensive anomaly index based on the real-time feed rate, reference feed rate, real-time diameter, and reference diameter. This index is used to measure the degree of abnormality of the drill rig state.

[0145] In the formula, Z represents the comprehensive anomaly index, f is the real-time feed rate, F is the reference feed rate, d is the real-time diameter, D is the reference diameter, and α and β are weight coefficients. This formula indicates that the comprehensive anomaly index Z is obtained by weighting the differences between the real-time feed rate, real-time diameter and the reference values.

[0146] Next, we need to preset a threshold Z0 for the comprehensive anomaly index. This threshold is determined based on the historical data and empirical values of the drill rig. After the comprehensive anomaly index Z is calculated, we need to compare it with the threshold Z0.

[0147] If Z0 ≥ Z, then we can judge that the state of the drill rig is normal because it does not exceed the preset threshold. On the contrary, if Z0 < Z, then the state of the drill rig is considered abnormal, which means that we need to inspect the drill rig to find out the possible reasons for the abnormality.

[0148] Through this method, we can monitor the operating state of the drill rig in real time and take corresponding measures when abnormalities are found. This helps to ensure the safe operation of the drill rig, improve the drilling efficiency, and reduce the risk of failures. In short, this comprehensive analysis method provides an effective means for the monitoring and diagnosis of the drill rig state.

[0149] In some embodiments of the present application, when the judgment result is that the state of the drill rig is abnormal, when judging whether there is poor contact between the drill bit of the drill rig and the formation, it includes:

[0150] When the judgment result indicates that the state of the drilling rig is abnormal, obtain the real-time pressure and real-time torque of the drill bit of the drilling rig, calculate the contact abnormal index using the real-time pressure and real-time torque, and judge the formation contact situation according to the contact abnormal index;

[0151] The calculation formula for the contact abnormal index is:

[0152]

[0153] Where y is the contact abnormal index, p is the real-time pressure, t is the real-time torque, and m is a coefficient used to adjust the proportion of pressure and torque;

[0154] Preset a contact abnormal index threshold, denote the contact abnormal index threshold as y0, and compare the calculated contact abnormal index with the contact abnormal index threshold;

[0155] When y0 ≥ y, the judgment result is that there is no poor formation contact;

[0156] When y0 < y, the judgment result is that there is poor formation contact.

[0157] It can be understood that this embodiment focuses on the monitoring and judgment of the state of the drilling rig, and taking corresponding measures according to the formation contact situation. When the state of the drilling rig is determined to be abnormal, we need to further judge the operating state of the drill bit, that is, whether there is poor formation contact. This judgment is based on the acquisition and analysis of real-time pressure and real-time torque.

[0158] First, it is necessary to obtain the real-time pressure and real-time torque of the drill bit, which are the key data for judging the formation contact situation. Then, use these real-time data to calculate the contact abnormal index. In the formula, y represents the contact abnormal index, p represents the real-time pressure, t represents the real-time torque, and m is a coefficient used to adjust the proportion of pressure and torque. This formula can help us quantify the formation contact situation and provide a basis for subsequent judgment.

[0159] Next, it is necessary to preset a contact abnormal index threshold, denoted as y0. This threshold is determined according to the contact abnormal index under normal operation of the drilling rig. Then, we compare the calculated contact abnormal index with the contact abnormal index threshold.

[0160] ① When y0 ≥ y, it indicates that the operating state of the drill bit is normal and there is no poor formation contact. At this time, we can adopt a normal drilling strategy to ensure the normal operation of the drill bit.

[0161] ②When y0 < y, it indicates that there is an abnormal operating state of the drill bit and poor formation contact. At this time, we need to adjust the drilling strategy according to the degree of poor formation contact and the actual situation of the drill bit to avoid further damage to the equipment or affecting the drilling efficiency.

[0162] In summary, by obtaining the real-time pressure, real-time torque, and calculating the contact anomaly index, we can timely judge the operating state of the drilling rig and adjust the drilling strategy according to the judgment result to ensure the normal operation of the drilling rig. This method helps to improve the drilling efficiency, reduce the risk of equipment damage, and has high practical value.

[0163] In some embodiments of the present application, when there is poor formation contact and adjusting the drilling strategy between the drill bit and the formation, it includes:

[0164] Calculate the absolute value of the difference between the contact anomaly index and the contact anomaly index threshold, denoted as y'; preset a preset contact anomaly index difference Y, compare y' with Y, and adjust the drilling strategy according to the comparison result;

[0165] When y' < Y, obtain the real-time drilling speed of the drilling rig, denoted as S;

[0166] At the same time, calculate the ratio a of y' to Y,

[0167] Use the ratio a as the adjustment coefficient for calculating the drilling speed, adjust the real-time drilling speed of the drilling rig, and obtain the adjusted drilling speed. The calculation formula is:

[0168] S0 = (1 - a)S;

[0169] Wherein, S0 is the adjusted drilling speed;

[0170] When the ratio of the adjusted drilling speed S0 to S is less than 1 / 2, adjust S0 to be less than 1 / 2 of the ratio to S.

[0171] It can be understood that this embodiment optimizes and adjusts the drilling strategy between the drill bit and the formation for the situation of poor formation contact. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0172] First, it is necessary to calculate the absolute value of the difference between the contact anomaly index and the contact anomaly index threshold, denoted as y'. This value can reflect the severity of the formation contact condition. The contact anomaly index threshold is preset according to the actual situation during the drilling process, which can help us judge whether the contact between the drill bit and the formation is normal.

[0173] Next, a preset contact anomaly index difference Y is set in advance, and this value can be set according to the actual situation of the drilling task and empirical values. Then, the calculated y’ is compared with the preset Y. According to the comparison result, the drilling strategy can be adjusted accordingly.

[0174] When the calculated y’ is less than the preset Y, it indicates poor formation contact, and corresponding measures need to be taken to improve it at this time. First, the real-time drilling speed of the drill rig needs to be obtained, denoted as S. This speed can reflect the real-time state of formation drilling.

[0175] At the same time, the ratio a of y’ to Y also needs to be calculated. This ratio can be used to measure the severity of contact anomalies during the drilling process. Different measures can be taken to adjust the drilling strategy according to the size of the ratio a.

[0176] Next, the ratio a is used as the adjustment coefficient of the drilling speed to adjust the real-time drilling speed of the drill rig. The calculation formula for the adjusted drilling speed is: S0 = S * a. In this way, we can adjust the drilling speed in real time according to the size of the ratio a to adapt to the situation of poor formation contact.

[0177] Finally, when the ratio of the adjusted drilling speed S0 to the original speed S is less than 1 / 2, we need to adjust S0 to a ratio less than 1 / 2 with S. In this way, we can ensure that the contact condition between the drill bit and the formation is effectively improved, and the drilling efficiency and safety are improved.

[0178] In summary, in the embodiments of the present application, we calculate the difference between the contact anomaly index and the threshold value, preset the contact anomaly index difference, obtain the drilling speed in real time, and calculate the ratio to adjust the drilling strategy. When the contact anomaly is serious, we can adjust the drilling speed according to the ratio to ensure good contact between the drill bit and the formation and improve the drilling efficiency. This method can be adjusted according to the actual situation and has strong adaptability and practicality.

[0179] In some embodiments of the present application, when there is no poor formation contact, when detecting the environmental data of the drill rig and judging whether there is an environmental anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located according to the environmental data, it includes:

[0180] The environmental data includes the real-time wind speed W and the real-time air pressure N;

[0181] The safety wind speed W0 and the safety air pressure N0 are preset in advance;

[0182] When N ≤ N0 and W ≤ W0, the judgment result is that there is no environmental anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located;

[0183] When N > N0 and W ≤ W0, the judgment result is that there is an environmental anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located, and the result is recorded as a first-level anomaly;

[0184] When N ≤ N0 and W > W0, the judgment result is that there is an environmental anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located, and the result is recorded as a first-level anomaly.

[0185] When N > N0 and W > W0, the judgment result is that there is an environmental anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located, and the result is recorded as a second-level anomaly.

[0186] Preset an environmental anomaly detection time threshold b. When the result is a first-level anomaly, obtain the time b0 of continuous first-level anomalies. When b0 > b, upgrade the first-level anomaly to a second-level anomaly.

[0187] It can be understood that this embodiment focuses on how to detect and analyze the environmental data of the drill rig without poor formation contact. The purpose of doing this is to judge whether there is an anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located. The environmental data includes the real-time wind speed W and the real-time air pressure N, and these two parameters are crucial for evaluating the drill rig environment.

[0188] To ensure the safe operation of the drill rig, we preset some safety thresholds, including the safety wind speed W0 and the safety air pressure N0. These safety thresholds are obtained based on historical data and actual operation experience. Next, judge the environmental data according to these preset thresholds.

[0189] When both the real-time wind speed W and the real-time air pressure N are within the safety threshold range, that is, N ≤ N0 and W ≤ W0, we can conclude that there is no environmental anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located. This means that the drill rig can operate safely and stably in this environment.

[0190] However, when the real-time wind speed W and the real-time air pressure N exceed the safety threshold range, that is, N > N0 or W > W0, we need to further judge whether there is an environmental anomaly. In this case, we will classify the environmental anomaly into a first-level anomaly and a second-level anomaly according to the degree of exceeding the standard of the wind speed and air pressure.

[0191] Specifically, when the real-time air pressure N is greater than the safety air pressure N0, or the real-time wind speed W is greater than the safety wind speed W0, we judge that there is a first-level anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located. This means that the environmental conditions have exceeded the normal operation range of the drill rig, but have not reached an unbearable level.

[0192] When both the real-time air pressure N and the real-time wind speed W exceed the safety threshold, we judge that there is a second-level anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located. This means that the environmental conditions are very harsh and may have a serious impact on the operation of the drill rig.

[0193] To more effectively monitor and handle these abnormal situations, we have preset an environmental anomaly detection time threshold b. When the continuous detection time b0 of a level-1 anomaly by the drill exceeds b, we upgrade the level-1 anomaly to a level-2 anomaly. In this way, we can take measures more promptly to ensure the safe operation of the drill.

[0194] In summary, in the embodiments of this application, we propose a method for detecting drill anomalies based on environmental data. By real-time monitoring of environmental parameters such as wind speed and air pressure, it is determined whether there are anomalies in the environment where the drill is located, and classification is carried out according to the degree of anomaly. In addition, we also set a detection time threshold to take measures in a timely manner when the abnormal situation continues to deteriorate. This method helps to ensure the safe and stable operation of the drill in a complex environment and has high practical value.

[0195] In some embodiments of this application, when the result is a level-1 anomaly, the drilling speed of the drill is adjusted according to the environmental data, the safe wind speed W0, and the safe air pressure N0 to obtain the adjusted drilling speed G0;

[0196] When the result is a level-1 anomaly, obtain the real-time drilling speed of the drill, denoted as G; calculate the adjusted drilling speed G0 according to the following formula;

[0197]

[0198] G0 = k·G;

[0199] Wherein, when N > N0 and W ≤ W0, W is denoted as 0; when N ≤ N0 and W > W0, N is denoted as 0;

[0200] k is the drilling speed adjustment coefficient, and when k < 0.5, k is denoted as 0.5;

[0201] When the result is a level-2 anomaly, adjust the usage status of the drill to the closed state.

[0202] It can be understood that this embodiment proposes a method for adjusting the drilling speed for abnormal situations during the drilling process of the drill. This method mainly adjusts the drilling speed of the drill based on environmental data, the safe wind speed W0, and the safe air pressure N0 to ensure the safety and stability of the drilling process.

[0203] First, when a level-1 abnormal situation is detected, it is necessary to adjust the drilling speed of the drill. The specific operation is to obtain the current real-time drilling speed G of the drill, and then calculate the adjusted drilling speed G0 according to the formula. Wherein, N represents the environmental air pressure and W represents the environmental wind speed.

[0204] When the ambient air pressure N is greater than the safety air pressure N0 and the ambient wind speed W does not exceed the safety wind speed W0, we set the wind speed W to 0; conversely, when the ambient air pressure N is less than or equal to the safety air pressure N0 and the ambient wind speed W is greater than the safety wind speed W0, we set the ambient air pressure N to 0. In addition, when the adjustment coefficient k is less than 0.5, we set the adjustment coefficient k to 0.5.

[0205] Secondly, when a secondary abnormal situation is detected, we will immediately adjust the usage status of the drill rig to the closed state to ensure safety.

[0206] By the above method, we can monitor and adjust the drilling speed in real time during the drilling process of the drill rig, thereby ensuring the safety and efficiency of the drilling process. This method is not only applicable to various drill rig equipment, but also can adjust parameters according to actual situations to meet the requirements in different environments. In short, the method proposed in this application provides an effective solution for the speed adjustment during the drilling process of the drill rig and has a wide application prospect.

[0207] In some embodiments of this application, when there is no environmental abnormality, it is detected whether there is an abnormality in the drill rig itself; when there is an abnormality in the drill rig itself, an abnormal warning level is obtained according to the abnormal situation of the drill rig itself; when there is no abnormality in the drill rig itself, it is determined that the drill rig is operating normally, and when the real-time data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation overwrites the reference data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation in the reference database, it includes:

[0208] When there is no environmental abnormality, the real-time load R of the motor of the drill rig is detected;

[0209] A first preset motor load R1, a second preset motor load R2, and a third preset motor load R3 are preset in advance, and 0 < R1 < R2 < R3; among them, the first preset motor load R1 is the rated capacity of the motor;

[0210] An abnormal warning level is preset in advance, and the abnormal warning level includes a low-level warning, a medium-level warning, and a high-level warning;

[0211] When R < R1, it is determined that the drill rig is operating normally;

[0212] When R1 ≤ R < R2, it is determined that the abnormal warning level is recorded as a low-level warning;

[0213] When R2 ≤ R < R3, it is determined that the abnormal warning level is recorded as a medium-level warning, and at this time, the load of the motor is reduced;

[0214] When R3 ≤ R, it is determined that the abnormal warning level is recorded as a high-level warning, and at this time, the usage status of the drill rig is adjusted to the closed state.

[0215] It is understandable that this embodiment focuses on the operating state and environmental conditions of the drilling rig. When there is no abnormal situation in the environment, we will first check whether there is any abnormality in the drilling rig itself. If there is an abnormality in the drilling rig itself, we will determine the abnormal warning level according to the severity of the abnormality. If there is no abnormality in the drilling rig itself, we will judge that the drilling rig is in a normal operating state.

[0216] In addition, we will also consider the impact of formation hardness on the operation of the drilling rig. When the drilling rig is drilling into the formation, the real-time collected formation hardness data will be overwritten on the reference data of the corresponding formation hardness in the reference database. This process includes the following steps:

[0217] 1. Detect the real-time load R of the drilling rig motor.

[0218] 2. Preset three different motor load values R1, R2, and R3, where 0 < R1 < R2 < R3. R1 represents the rated capacity of the motor.

[0219] 3. Set the abnormal warning levels, including low-level warning, medium-level warning, and high-level warning.

[0220] Next, we will judge the operating state and abnormal warning level of the drilling rig according to the relationship between the real-time motor load R and the preset motor load values R1, R2, and R3.

[0221] 1. When R < R1, we consider that the drilling rig is in a normal operating state.

[0222] 2. When R1 ≤ R < R2, we consider that there is a low-level warning for the drilling rig, and at this time, the operating condition of the drilling rig needs to be monitored.

[0223] 3. When R2 ≤ R < R3, we consider that there is a medium-level warning for the drilling rig, and at this time, the load of the motor should be reduced to avoid overloading the drilling rig.

[0224] 4. When R3 ≤ R, we consider that there is a high-level warning for the drilling rig, and at this time, the usage state of the drilling rig should be adjusted to the closed state to ensure the safe operation of the drilling rig.

[0225] In this way, we can monitor the operating state of the drilling rig in real time, and give early warnings of possible abnormal situations according to the actual situation, so as to effectively ensure the safe operation of the drilling rig. At the same time, through the real-time monitoring of the formation hardness and the update of the reference data, we can also better adjust the drilling strategy and improve the drilling efficiency.

[0226] As Figure 2 shown, the present invention also proposes a state monitoring system for a drilling rig, including:

[0227] A reference database module for storing the reference data corresponding to standard drill bits and various hardness formations;

[0228] A real-time data acquisition module for obtaining in real time the hardness data of the formation and the real-time data during the drilling of the drill bit into the formation.

[0229] A status analysis module for comprehensively analyzing the real-time data and the reference data to determine whether the status of the drilling rig is abnormal; meanwhile, the status analysis module is used for further analyzing and determining whether there is poor contact between the drill bit and the formation when the judgment result is abnormal.

[0230] An environmental anomaly detection module for detecting the environmental data of the drilling rig; meanwhile, the environmental anomaly detection module is used for judging whether there is an anomaly in the environment where the drilling rig is located according to the environmental data.

[0231] A drilling rig detection module for detecting whether there is an anomaly in the drilling rig itself.

[0232] A drilling strategy adjustment module for adjusting the drilling strategy between the drill bit and the formation when there is poor contact between the formation, there is an anomaly in the environment where the drilling rig is located, or there is an anomaly in the drilling rig itself.

[0233] An anomaly warning module for generating an anomaly warning level according to the anomaly situation of the drilling rig itself; meanwhile, the anomaly warning module is used for adjusting the usage status of the drilling rig according to the anomaly situation of the drilling rig itself.

[0234] A database update module for, when there is no anomaly in the drilling rig itself, overwriting the reference data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation in the reference database with the real-time data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation.

[0235] It can be understood that during the drilling process of the drilling rig, it is crucial to ensure good contact between the drill bit and the formation and the normal operation status of the drilling rig. For this reason, we have developed a status monitoring system for the drilling rig, aiming to monitor the working status of the drilling rig in real time and adjust the drilling strategy in a timely manner to ensure the smooth progress of the drilling work.

[0236] This system mainly includes the following modules:

[0237] 1. Reference database module: This module is responsible for storing the reference data corresponding to the standard drill bit and various hardness formations. These data provide reference values for real-time data acquisition and status analysis, and help to judge whether the status of the drilling rig is abnormal.

[0238] 2. Real-time data acquisition module: This module is responsible for collecting in real time the formation hardness data and the real-time data during the drilling of the drill bit. These data will provide real-time basis for status analysis to discover potential problems in a timely manner.

[0239] 3. Status Analysis Module: This module is responsible for comprehensively analyzing real-time data and reference data to determine whether the status of the drilling rig is abnormal. When the judgment result is abnormal, it will further analyze whether there is poor contact between the drill bit and the formation to find out the root cause of the problem.

[0240] 4. Environmental Abnormality Detection Module: This module is responsible for detecting data on the environment where the drilling rig is located, such as temperature, humidity, etc., and judging whether the environment is abnormal based on this data. This helps to ensure that the drilling rig operates in a suitable environment and reduces the risk of failures.

[0241] 5. Drilling Rig Detection Module: This module is responsible for detecting the operating status of the drilling rig itself to ensure that there are no abnormalities. This helps to ensure the normal operation of the drilling rig and avoid obstruction of the drilling work due to equipment failures.

[0242] 6. Drilling Strategy Adjustment Module: When poor contact between the formation is found, or environmental abnormalities or abnormalities in the drilling rig itself exist, this module is responsible for adjusting the drilling strategy between the drill bit and the formation. This helps to optimize the drilling process and improve the drilling efficiency.

[0243] 7. Abnormality Warning Module: Based on the abnormal conditions of the drilling rig itself, this module generates an abnormality warning level and adjusts the usage status of the drilling rig according to the abnormal conditions. This helps to detect and handle potential risks in a timely manner and ensure the safe operation of the drilling rig.

[0244] 8. Database Update Module: When there are no abnormalities in the drilling rig itself, this module overwrites the real-time data corresponding to the current formation hardness into the reference database. This helps to continuously improve and update the database and provide a more accurate reference basis for the status monitoring of the drilling rig.

[0245] In summary, this status monitoring system for drilling rigs has high practicality and reliability, and can effectively improve the efficiency and safety of drilling work. By real-time monitoring the status of the drilling rig, adjusting the drilling strategy, and warning of abnormal situations, it ensures the stable operation of the drilling rig during the drilling process. At the same time, continuously updating and improving the database provides a more accurate reference for the status monitoring of the drilling rig. It has a wide application prospect in the drilling engineering in our country.

[0246] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can adopt the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0247] This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions, as well as the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processors of general-purpose computers, special-purpose computers, embedded processors, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, such that the instructions executed by the processors of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate means for implementing the functions specified in the Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more blocks.

[0248] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate a manufactured article including instruction means that implement the functions specified in the Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more blocks.

[0249] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, such that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more blocks.

[0250] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications or equivalent replacements can still be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention, and any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A state monitoring method for a drilling rig, characterized in that, Including: Construct a reference database based on the reference data corresponding to standard drill bits and various hardness formations; When starting the drilling rig, obtain the real-time hardness of the formation in real time, and obtain the reference data corresponding to the real-time hardness in the reference database; Obtain the real-time data during the drilling of the drill bit into the bottom layer in real time, comprehensively analyze the real-time data and the reference data, and judge whether the state of the drilling rig is abnormal according to the comprehensive analysis result; When the judgment result is that the state of the drilling rig is abnormal, judge whether there is poor formation contact between the drill bit of the drilling rig and the formation; When there is poor formation contact, adjust the drilling strategy between the drill bit and the formation; When there is no poor formation contact, detect the environmental data of the drilling rig, and judge whether there is environmental abnormality in the environment where the drilling rig is located according to the environmental data; When there is environmental abnormality, adjust the working state of the drilling rig according to the environmental data; When there is no environmental abnormality, detect whether there is abnormality in the drilling rig itself; When there is abnormality in the drilling rig itself, obtain the abnormal warning level according to the abnormal situation of the drilling rig itself, and adjust the use state of the drilling rig according to the abnormal situation of the drilling rig itself; When there is no abnormality in the drilling rig itself, determine that the drilling rig is operating normally, and at the same time overwrite the reference data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation in the reference database with the real-time data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation.

2. The state monitoring method for a drilling rig according to claim 1, wherein, The reference data includes the reference feed rate and reference diameter of the drilling; the real-time data includes the real-time feed rate and real-time diameter of the drilling.

3. The state monitoring method for a drilling rig according to claim 2, wherein, The calculation formula for the reference feed rate is: The calculation formula for the reference diameter is: Where, F is the reference feed rate, D is the reference diameter, R is the drill bit rotation speed, H is the formation hardness, T is the unit time, and π is the pi.

4. The state monitoring method for a drilling rig according to claim 3, characterized in that, When comprehensively analyzing the real-time data and the reference data and judging whether the state of the drilling rig is abnormal according to the comprehensive analysis result, it includes: Calculate the comprehensive abnormality index according to the real-time feed rate, reference feed rate, real-time diameter and reference diameter, and judge whether the state of the drilling rig is abnormal according to the comprehensive abnormality index. The calculation formula for the comprehensive abnormality index is: Z = α·(f - F) 2 + β·(d - D) 2 ; Where, Z is the comprehensive abnormality index, f is the real-time feed rate, F is the reference feed rate, d is the real-time diameter, D is the reference diameter, and α and β are weight coefficients; Preset the comprehensive abnormality index threshold, denote the comprehensive abnormality index threshold as Z0, and compare the calculated comprehensive abnormality index with the comprehensive abnormality index threshold; When Z0≥Z, the judgment result is that the state of the drilling rig is not abnormal; When Z0<Z, the judgment result is that the state of the drilling rig is abnormal.

5. The state monitoring method for a drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the judgment result is that the state of the drilling rig is abnormal and judging whether there is poor formation contact between the drill bit of the drilling rig and the formation, it includes: When the judgment result is that the state of the drilling rig is abnormal, obtain the real-time pressure and real-time torque of the drill bit of the drilling rig, calculate the contact abnormality index by using the real-time pressure and real-time torque, and judge the formation contact situation according to the contact abnormality index; The calculation formula for the contact abnormality index is: Where, y is the contact abnormality index, p is the real-time pressure, t is the real-time torque, and m is the coefficient for adjusting the pressure and torque ratio; Preset the threshold of the contact anomaly index, denote the threshold of the contact anomaly index as y0, and compare the calculated contact anomaly index with the threshold of the contact anomaly index; When y0≥y, the judgment result is that there is no poor formation contact; When y0<y, the judgment result is that there is poor formation contact.

6. The state monitoring method for a drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that, When there is poor formation contact and the drilling strategy of the drill bit and the formation is adjusted, it includes: Calculate the absolute value of the difference between the contact anomaly index and the threshold of the contact anomaly index, denoted as y'; preset the preset contact anomaly index difference Y, compare y' with Y, and adjust the drilling strategy according to the comparison result; specifically: When y'<Y, obtain the real-time drilling speed of the drill rig, denoted as S; Meanwhile, calculate the ratio a of y' to Y. Take the ratio a as the adjustment coefficient of the drilling speed, adjust the real-time drilling speed of the drill rig, and obtain the adjusted drilling speed. The calculation formula is: S0=(1 - a)S; Among them, S0 is the adjusted drilling speed; When the ratio of the adjusted drilling speed S0 to S is less than 1 / 2, adjust S0 to make the ratio to S less than 1 / 2.

7. The state monitoring method for a drilling rig according to claim 6, characterized in that, When there is no poor formation contact, detect the environmental data of the drill rig, and when judging whether there is environmental anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located according to the environmental data, it includes: The environmental data includes the real-time wind speed W and the real-time air pressure N; Preset the safe wind speed W0 and the safe air pressure N0; When N≤N0 and W≤W0, the judgment result is that there is no environmental anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located; When N>N0 and W≤W0, the judgment result is that there is environmental anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located, and record the result as a first-level anomaly; When N≤N0 and W>W0, the judgment result is that there is environmental anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located, and record the result as a first-level anomaly; When N>N0 and W>W0, the judgment result is that there is environmental anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located, and record the result as a second-level anomaly; Preset the environmental anomaly detection time threshold b. When the result is a first-level anomaly, obtain the continuous first-level anomaly time b0. When b0>b, upgrade the first-level anomaly to a second-level anomaly.

8. The state monitoring method for a drilling rig according to claim 7, wherein, When the result is a first-level anomaly, adjust the drilling speed of the drill rig according to the environmental data, the safe wind speed W0 and the safe air pressure N0, and obtain the adjusted drilling speed G0; When the result is a first-level anomaly, obtain the real-time drilling speed of the drill rig, denoted as G; Calculate the adjusted drilling speed G0 according to the following formula; G0=k·G; Among them, when N>N0 and W≤W0, W is denoted as 0; when N≤N0 and W>W0, N is denoted as 0; k is the adjustment coefficient of the drilling speed. When k<0.5, k is denoted as 0.5; When the result is a second-level anomaly, adjust the use state of the drill rig to the closed state.

9. The state monitoring method for a drilling rig according to claim 1, wherein When there is no environmental anomaly, detect whether there is an anomaly in the drill rig itself; when there is an anomaly in the drill rig itself, obtain the anomaly warning level according to the anomaly situation of the drill rig itself; When there is no anomaly in the drill rig itself, determine that the drill rig is operating normally, and at the same time, when covering the reference data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation in the reference database with the real-time data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation, it includes: When there is no environmental anomaly, detect the real-time load R of the motor of the drill rig; Preset a first preset motor load R1, a second preset motor load R2, and a third preset motor load R3, where 0 < R1 < R2 < R3; among them, the first preset motor load R1 is the rated capacity of the motor. Preset an abnormal warning level, which includes a low-level warning, a medium-level warning, and a high-level warning. When R < R1, it is determined that the drill rig is operating normally. When R1 ≤ R < R2, it is determined that the abnormal warning level is recorded as a low-level warning. When R2 ≤ R < R3, it is determined that the abnormal warning level is recorded as a medium-level warning, and at this time, the load of the motor is reduced. When R3 ≤ R, it is determined that the abnormal warning level is recorded as a high-level warning, and at this time, the usage state of the drill rig is adjusted to the closed state.

10. A state monitoring system for a drilling rig, which is applied to the state monitoring system for a drilling rig according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes: A reference database module for storing reference data corresponding to standard drill bits and various hardness formations. A real-time data acquisition module for real-time obtaining the hardness data of the formation and the real-time data when the drill bit drills the bottom layer. A state analysis module for comprehensively analyzing the real-time data and the reference data to determine whether the state of the drill rig is abnormal; at the same time, the state analysis module is used to further analyze and determine whether there is poor formation contact between the drill bit and the formation when the judgment result is abnormal. An environmental anomaly detection module for detecting the environmental data of the drill rig; at the same time, the environmental anomaly detection module is used to determine whether there is an anomaly in the environment where the drill rig is located according to the environmental data. A drill rig detection module for detecting whether there is an anomaly in the drill rig itself. A drilling strategy adjustment module for adjusting the drilling strategy between the drill bit and the formation when there is poor formation contact, the environment where the drill rig is located is abnormal, or the drill rig itself is abnormal. An abnormal warning module for generating an abnormal warning level according to the abnormal situation of the drill rig itself. At the same time, the abnormal warning module is used to adjust the usage state of the drill rig according to the abnormal situation of the drill rig itself. A database update module for, when there is no anomaly in the drill rig itself, overwriting the reference data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation in the reference database with the real-time data corresponding to the hardness of the current formation.

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