Movable energy storage heat supply device based on photo-thermal storage integrated material

Abstract

The invention provides a movable energy storage and heat supply device based on a photo-thermal storage integrated material. The movable energy storage and heat supply device comprises a shell. The shell is sequentially provided with a Fresnel condenser, a heat absorption layer, a first heat insulation layer and a storage layer from top to bottom. The heat absorption layer comprises a first drawer type tray and a first #-shaped frame; a composite phase-change material and a heat-conducting silica gel pad are sequentially placed in the first drawer type tray from top to bottom; the storage layer comprises a second drawer type tray and a second #-shaped frame; and pulleys are arranged at the bottom of the shell. The movable solar energy storage and heat supply device has the advantages of being high in photo-thermal conversion efficiency, capable of storing energy across day and night, flexible and the like, and is suitable for being widely applied and popularized in plateau areas rich in solar energy and sparse in building density.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar thermal energy storage, and particularly to a mobile energy storage and heating device based on a solar thermal storage integrated material. Background Art

[0002] In plateau areas, the annual sunshine duration is long and the solar radiation intensity is high, providing unique conditions for solar energy development. However, the temperature difference between day and night in plateau areas is significant, and traditional energy supply faces problems such as difficult transportation and high costs.

[0003] Existing plateau heating systems rely on coal or electric furnaces, but both have significant technical problems. Coal heating is limited by the complex terrain of the plateau, with problems such as low transportation efficiency, supply interruption, and combustion pollution threatening the ecology and human health, and there is also a hidden fire hazard; for electric heating equipment such as electric furnaces, there are problems such as low energy conversion efficiency, a sharp increase in energy consumption in the low-temperature environment of the plateau, and heat supply interruption due to poor stability of the microgrid in remote areas.

[0004] CN117293471A discloses a mobile energy storage container heat dissipation device, which includes an energy storage box assembly. A battery pack is slidably clamped inside the energy storage box assembly. A refrigeration mechanism, a water cooling mechanism, and a heat dissipation mechanism are respectively arranged around the battery pack inside the energy storage box assembly. A push plate is elastically slidably arranged inside the energy storage box assembly to drive an empty slot to be formed inside the energy storage box assembly to clamp the battery pack. In this mobile energy storage container heat dissipation device, through the spring connected between the push plate and the guide rail, the push plate can slide inward as the battery pack is inserted, so that the space where the battery pack is located is smaller, and the temperature inside this space can be quickly cooled and dissipated by the refrigeration air conditioner; also, as the push plate slides inward as the battery pack is inserted, the water pipe can change from short to long. When there are fewer internal battery packs, the water pipe is shorter, and the internal water flow velocity is faster, which can quickly take away the temperature of the battery pack for heat dissipation and cooling work.

[0005] CN119532984A discloses a solar thermal energy storage system, which includes: a phase change material is arranged inside the energy storage box, a heat exchange flow path passes through the energy storage box and is in heat exchange cooperation with the phase change material, the cooling device includes a heat exchange outer shell and a water-absorbing gel plate, a solar photovoltaic panel abuts against the heat exchange outer shell, the heat exchange outer shell defines an installation cavity, the heat exchange outer shell has opposite first and second wall parts, an installation cavity outlet is formed in the first wall part, an installation cavity inlet is formed in the second wall part, and both ends of the heat exchange flow path are respectively connected to the installation cavity outlet and the installation cavity inlet to form a circulation flow path. The water-absorbing gel plate is arranged in the installation cavity and abuts against the heat exchange outer shell, and a steam space is formed between the first wall part and the water-absorbing gel plate. By absorbing the heat of the solar photovoltaic panel through the water-absorbing gel plate and the heat exchange flow path being in heat exchange cooperation with the phase change material, the working efficiency of the solar photovoltaic panel and the utilization rate of solar energy can be improved, and it is also beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0006] CN115700317A discloses a rooftop photovoltaic-thermal energy storage system and method. The system includes a rooftop panel, which consists of a base layer, a heat preservation water tank, a composite heat insulation layer, and an outer tile layer that are fixedly connected. A solar thermal panel and a photovoltaic panel are laid on the outer tile layer. A phase change material is arranged in the heat preservation water tank. A first circulation pump is used to transport the liquid in the heat preservation water tank to the solar thermal panel. The solar thermal panel is used to heat the liquid transported to it using solar energy and return the heated liquid to the heat preservation water tank. The photovoltaic panel is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and a storage battery is used to store the electrical energy. An inverter converts the electrical energy of the storage battery into alternating current and combines it with valley electricity to provide electrical energy for an electric water heating device and a building. The electric water heating device heats the liquid in the heat preservation water tank. By making full use of the photovoltaic-thermal energy and valley electricity on the limited rooftop area through organic combination with phase change energy storage, the purpose of fully meeting the building's energy consumption, not occupying ground space, and developing the utilization space of the building rooftop is achieved.

[0007] However, the above-mentioned photovoltaic-thermal energy storage system still has defects such as bulky energy storage equipment, easy to freeze and crack, and inconvenient maintenance, and cannot meet the heating requirements of "efficient energy supply, safe and reliable, flexible and mobile" under the extreme climate in the plateau. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a mobile energy storage heating device based on a photovoltaic-thermal energy storage integrated material. By sequentially arranging a Fresnel concentrator, an absorber layer, a first adiabatic layer, and a storage layer, it realizes efficient light concentration, cross-day-and-night energy storage, and modular design, constructs a "clean, intelligent, and adaptable to extreme environments" heating system, and solves the contradiction between energy supply and heating requirements in the plateau area. The mobile energy storage heating device has a small mass, is convenient for transportation and transfer, has a high photovoltaic-thermal conversion efficiency, and can realize continuous heating.

[0009] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] The present invention provides a mobile energy storage heating device based on a photovoltaic-thermal energy storage integrated material. The mobile energy storage heating device includes a housing; a Fresnel concentrator, an absorber layer, a first adiabatic layer, and a storage layer are sequentially arranged in the housing from top to bottom;

[0011] The absorber layer includes a first drawer-type tray and a first grid-shaped frame; a composite phase change material and a thermal conductive silica gel pad are sequentially placed in the first drawer-type tray from top to bottom;

[0012] The storage layer includes a second drawer-type tray and a second grid-shaped frame;

[0013] The bottom of the housing is provided with pulleys.

[0014] The photothermal storage integrated material in the mobile energy storage heating device based on the photothermal storage integrated material described in the present invention refers to a composite phase change material placed in the heat absorption layer. It has good optical properties, can effectively receive and absorb light, convert light energy into heat energy and store it in the material; "integration" emphasizes the integration of the three functions of light reception, heat absorption and heat storage in one material. This integrated design enables the material to have higher efficiency and performance in photothermal conversion and energy storage, and avoids energy loss between multiple components in traditional photothermal conversion and energy storage systems.

[0015] The Fresnel concentrator in the mobile energy storage heating device based on the photothermal storage integrated material described in the present invention has the ability of efficient light concentration, can effectively block harmful ultraviolet rays and sand erosion, and takes into account hardness and portability; the heat-conducting silica gel pad provided in the heat absorption layer can ensure that more than 80% of the concentrated heat is introduced into the composite phase change material; the heat absorption layer and the storage layer cooperate with each other. The composite phase change material in the heat absorption layer stores heat in the storage layer after fully absorbing and storing heat during sufficient sunlight hours, and provides heat at night, precisely matching the situation of long sunshine hours and large temperature difference between day and night on the plateau, and can realize continuous energy storage and heating. Each component in the mobile energy storage heating device described in the present invention is made of lightweight materials, which is convenient for vehicle transportation; there is no open flame design, eliminating the fire risk, and zero pollutant emissions, meeting the requirements of plateau ecological protection and reducing fossil energy consumption; the composite phase change material can be quickly replaced, can adapt to various emergency scenarios, and the equipment maintenance is simple, ensuring high efficiency.

[0016] Preferably, the Fresnel concentrator includes a Fresnel concentrator substrate and a nano-zinc oxide anti-ultraviolet coating and a titanium dioxide nano-coating sequentially provided on the outer surface of the Fresnel concentrator substrate.

[0017] Preferably, the thickness of the nano-zinc oxide anti-ultraviolet coating is 100-300 nm, for example, it can be 100 nm, 130 nm, 150 nm, 200 nm, 250 nm, 280 nm or 300 nm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0018] The present invention preferably sets the thickness of the nano-zinc oxide anti-ultraviolet coating to 100-300 nm, which can selectively filter short-wave ultraviolet rays with strong destructiveness and will not block light due to excessive thickness, reducing the light collection efficiency of the Fresnel concentrator.

[0019] Preferably, the thickness of the titanium dioxide nano-coating is 200-500 nm, for example, it can be 200 nm, 250 nm, 300 nm, 330 nm, 400 nm, 450 nm or 500 nm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0020] Preferably, the thickness of the titanium dioxide nano - coating is 200 - 500 nm. Relying on its nano - scale rough structure and the modification of low - surface - energy substances, it enhances the super - hydrophobic / self - cleaning performance of the Fresnel concentrator surface, and has a relatively high hardness, which can effectively resist the impact of sand and gravel in the plateau sandy environment, and at the same time protect the underlying nano - zinc oxide anti - ultraviolet coating from mechanical wear.

[0021] Preferably, the overall thickness of the Fresnel concentrator is 2 - 5 mm. For example, it can be 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm or 5 mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this range are equally applicable.

[0022] Preferably, the overall thickness of the Fresnel concentrator is 2 - 5 mm, ensuring that the Fresnel concentrator has high hardness while being lightweight. Compared with traditional lenses or concentrator systems, the Fresnel concentrator is lighter in weight, facilitating installation and transportation, while also reducing costs and the requirements for the support structure.

[0023] Preferably, the Fresnel concentrator is arranged on a bracket and fixed on the housing.

[0024] Preferably, the materials of the first drawer - type tray and the second drawer - type tray both include aerogel, which has an ultra - low thermal conductivity on the premise of high temperature resistance, reducing the heat transferred to the storage layer.

[0025] Preferably, the first drawer - type tray is fixed to the inner side of the housing via the first guide rail.

[0026] Preferably, the second drawer - type tray is fixed to the inner side of the housing via the second guide rail.

[0027] Preferably, the materials of the first cross - shaped frame and the second cross - shaped frame both include carbon fiber reinforced plastic, and its thermal conductivity is 1.0 - 15 W / (m·K), allowing heat to be independently transferred in the heat - absorbing layer and the storage layer, promoting uniform heat distribution in the heat - absorbing layer and the storage layer.

[0028] Preferably, the number of the storage layers is at least 2 layers. For example, it can be 2 layers, 3 layers, 5 layers, 8 layers, 9 layers or 10 layers, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this range are equally applicable.

[0029] Preferably, the number of the storage layers is at least 2 layers, which can effectively store the composite phase - change material after the heat - absorbing layer absorbs heat, and supply heat at night in the cold plateau, realizing effective storage of solar heat.

[0030] Preferably, the phase change enthalpy value of the composite phase change material is 150-300 kJ / kg. For example, it can be 150 kJ / kg, 180 kJ / kg, 200 kJ / kg, 230 kJ / kg, 250 kJ / kg, 280 kJ / kg, 300 kJ / kg, etc., but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable;

[0031] The thermal conductivity is 0.5-10 W / (m·K). For example, it can be 0.5 W / (m·K), 1 W / (m·K), 3 W / (m·K), 5 W / (m·K), 8 W / (m·K), 9 W / (m·K), 10 W / (m·K), etc., but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable;

[0032] The photothermal conversion efficiency is above 90%. For example, it can be 90%, 91%, 93%, 95%, 97%, 99%, etc., but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0033] Preferably, a temperature sensing device is further provided at the bottom of the composite phase change material, which is convenient for external personnel to observe the temperature of the composite phase change material in the heat absorption layer and judge whether the material has absorbed sufficient heat energy.

[0034] Preferably, the composite phase change material is in a cubic structure, and a carbon black powder layer is provided on the light-irradiated surface of the cubic structure. The carbon black powder layer has a very high light absorbance and can significantly improve the photothermal conversion efficiency.

[0035] The composite phase change material of the present invention is obtained by hydroforming treatment, and the thermal conductivity has anisotropy, that is, the thermal conductivity in the direction perpendicular to the pressure direction is greater than that in the pressure direction. Therefore, the surface in the direction perpendicular to the pressure direction of the composite phase change material is the light-irradiated surface.

[0036] Preferably, the preparation method of the composite phase change material includes the following steps:

[0037] After placing a layer of powder phase change material in the mold and flattening it, place a graphite sheet on it, and repeat the operation until the required number of graphite sheets is reached. Finally, place a layer of powder phase change material and flatten it, and obtain the composite phase change material through hydroforming treatment.

[0038] Preferably, the number of layers of the graphite sheet is 10-25 layers. For example, it can be 10 layers, 12 layers, 15 layers, 18 layers, 20 layers, 25 layers, etc., but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0039] During the preparation of the composite phase change material of the present invention, graphite flakes with high thermal conductivity are added, which can enhance the photothermal conversion and the thermal conductivity of the phase change material, thereby improving the photothermal conversion efficiency.

[0040] Preferably, the total thickness of the composite phase change material is 10 - 30 μm, for example, it can be 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 28 μm or 30 μm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0041] Preferably, the material of the first heat insulation layer includes fiberglass-reinforced inorganic aerogel, which can effectively block the heat exchange between the heat absorption layer and the storage layer.

[0042] Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the first heat insulation layer < 0.013 W / (m·K), for example, it can be 0.012 W / (m·K), 0.011 W / (m·K), 0.01 W / (m·K), 0.009 W / (m·K), 0.005 W / (m·K), 0.003 W / (m·K) or 0.001 W / (m·K), etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0043] Preferably, the heat-resistant temperature range of the first heat insulation layer > 600 °C, for example, it can be 601 °C, 605 °C, 610 °C, 620 °C, 650 °C, 700 °C or 750 °C, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0044] Preferably, the housing sequentially includes a second heat insulation layer, a transition layer and an outer layer from the inside to the outside, which can effectively block high temperature, buffer thermal expansion stress, and can resist sand and wind impact and deformation.

[0045] Preferably, the material of the second heat insulation layer includes nano-aerogel felt, which has a low density and can effectively block high temperature and reduce the weight of the housing.

[0046] Preferably, the thickness of the second heat insulation layer is 3 - 5 mm, for example, it can be 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.8 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.8 mm or 5 mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable;

[0047] The thermal conductivity ≤ 0.013 W / (m·K), for example, it can be 0.013 W / (m·K), 0.011 W / (m·K), 0.01 W / (m·K), 0.009 W / (m·K), 0.005 W / (m·K), 0.003 W / (m·K) or 0.001 W / (m·K), etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable;

[0048] The heat-resistant temperature range is from -200°C to 650°C. For example, it can be -200°C, -100°C, -10°C, 0°C, 50°C, 300°C, 650°C, etc., but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0049] Preferably, the material of the transition layer includes aluminosilicate ceramic fiber, which can effectively buffer the thermal expansion stress.

[0050] Preferably, the thickness of the transition layer is 1 - 2 mm. For example, it can be 1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm, 2 mm, etc., but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0051] Preferably, the material of the outer layer includes glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin, which can provide resistance to sand and wind impact and resistance to deformation.

[0052] Preferably, the thickness of the outer layer is 2 - 5 mm. For example, it can be 2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.8 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, etc., but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0053] Preferably, a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-ultraviolet coating is further provided on the outer surface of the outer layer.

[0054] Preferably, one side of the housing is a door structure that can be opened and closed.

[0055] Preferably, a hinge is provided on one side of the door structure, and a fixing device is provided on the other side.

[0056] The usage method of the mobile energy storage and heating device based on the photo-thermal storage integrated material of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0057] The Fresnel concentrator converges sunlight and irradiates it on the composite phase change material of the heat absorption layer. The composite phase change material absorbs light energy and converts it into thermal energy for storage;

[0058] When it is known through the temperature sensing device that the composite phase change material in the heat absorption layer has absorbed sufficient heat, the fixing device is untied, the door structure is opened, the first drawer-type tray in the heat absorption layer is taken out and placed in the storage layer, and the second drawer-type tray is taken out from the storage layer. The unabsorbed composite phase change material and the thermal conductive silica gel pad are sequentially placed on the second drawer-type tray. The second drawer-type tray is placed on the heat absorption layer through the first guide rail; the door structure is closed and fixed with the fixing device, and the composite phase change material starts to absorb heat in the heat absorption layer;

[0059] During heating, take out the heat-absorbed composite phase change material in the storage layer and place it where heating is required.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0061] (1) The mobile energy storage heating device based on the integrated photothermal storage material provided by the present invention absorbs solar energy for energy storage and heating, which is cleaner than the current devices using fossil energy or electric energy for heating, with zero pollutant emissions, no open fire hazard, and low safety risks;

[0062] (2) The mobile energy storage heating device based on the integrated photothermal storage material provided by the present invention realizes efficient light concentration, efficient heat exchange, and cross-day-and-night energy storage, constructs a "clean, intelligent, and adaptable to extreme environments" heating system, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application in plateau areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 is a front cross-sectional view of the mobile energy storage heating device based on the integrated photothermal storage material provided by the present invention.

[0064] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the placement relationship between the composite phase change material and the first cross-shaped frame in the mobile energy storage heating device based on the integrated photothermal storage material provided by the present invention.

[0065] Figure 3 is a front view of the mobile energy storage heating device with the door structure in the open state in the mobile energy storage heating device based on the integrated photothermal storage material provided by the present invention.

[0066] In the figure: 1 - Fresnel concentrator; 2 - support; 3 - housing; 4 - composite phase change material; 5 - heat absorption layer; 6 - temperature sensing device; 7 - first heat insulation layer; 8 - storage layer; 9 - second guide rail; 10 - pulley; 11 - hinge; 12 - fixing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0067] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and through specific embodiments.

[0068] The present invention provides a mobile energy storage heating device based on an integrated photothermal storage material, and its front cross-sectional view is as Figure 1 shown.

[0069] The mobile energy storage heating device includes a housing 3; the housing 3 is sequentially provided with a Fresnel concentrator 1, a heat absorption layer 5, a first heat insulation layer 7, and a storage layer 8 from top to bottom;

[0070] The heat absorption layer 5 includes a first drawer-type tray and a first grid-shaped frame; the first drawer-type tray is successively provided with a composite phase change material 4 and a thermal conductive silica gel pad from top to bottom; the schematic diagram of the placement relationship between the composite phase change material 4 and the first grid-shaped frame is as shown in Figure 2 shown;

[0071] The storage layer 8 includes a second drawer-type tray and a second grid-shaped frame;

[0072] The bottom of the housing 3 is provided with pulleys 10.

[0073] The Fresnel concentrator 1 includes a Fresnel concentrating substrate and a nano-zinc oxide ultraviolet-resistant coating and a titanium dioxide nano-coating successively arranged on the outer surface of the Fresnel concentrating substrate;

[0074] The thickness of the nano-zinc oxide ultraviolet-resistant coating is 100-300 nm; the thickness of the titanium dioxide nano-coating is 200-500 nm; the overall thickness of the Fresnel concentrator 1 is 2-5 mm;

[0075] The Fresnel concentrator 1 is arranged on the bracket 2 and fixed on the housing 3.

[0076] The materials of the first drawer-type tray and the second drawer-type tray both include aerogel;

[0077] The first drawer-type tray is fixed inside the housing 3 through a first guide rail; the second drawer-type tray is fixed inside the housing 3 through a second guide rail 9.

[0078] The materials of the first grid-shaped frame and the second grid-shaped frame both include carbon fiber reinforced plastic.

[0079] The number of the storage layers is at least 2 layers.

[0080] The phase change enthalpy value of the composite phase change material 4 is 150-300 kJ / kg, the thermal conductivity is 0.5-10 W / (m·K), and the photothermal conversion efficiency is more than 90%;

[0081] A temperature sensing device 6 is further arranged at the bottom of the composite phase change material 4;

[0082] The composite phase change material 4 is of a cube structure, and a carbon black powder layer is arranged on the light-irradiated surface of the cube structure.

[0083] The preparation method of the composite phase change material 4 all includes the following steps:

[0084] After placing a layer of powder phase change material in a mold and flattening it, placing a graphite sheet on it, repeating the operation until the required number of graphite sheets is reached, and finally placing a layer of powder phase change material and flattening it, and performing a hydroforming process to obtain the composite phase change material 4;

[0085] The number of layers of the graphite sheet is 10 to 25 layers; the total thickness of the composite phase change material 4 is 10 to 30 μm.

[0086] The material of the first heat insulation layer includes glass fiber reinforced inorganic aerogel; the thermal conductivity of the first heat insulation layer < 0.013 W / (m·K), and the heat resistant temperature range of the first heat insulation layer > 600 °C.

[0087] The housing 3 sequentially includes a second heat insulation layer, a transition layer, and an outer layer from the inside to the outside;

[0088] The material of the second heat insulation layer includes nano-aerogel felt; the thickness of the second heat insulation layer is 3 to 5 mm, the thermal conductivity ≤ 0.013 W / (m·K), and the heat resistant temperature range is -200 °C to 650 °C;

[0089] The material of the transition layer includes aluminum silicate ceramic fiber; the thickness of the transition layer is 1 to 2 mm;

[0090] The material of the outer layer includes glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin; the thickness of the outer layer is 2 to 5 mm; a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-ultraviolet coating is further provided on the outer surface of the outer layer.

[0091] One side of the housing 3 is a door structure that can be opened and closed; a hinge 11 is provided on one side of the door structure, and a fixing device 12 is provided on the other side. The front view of the mobile energy storage heating device in the open state of the door structure is as Figure 3 shown.

[0092] The usage method of the above-mentioned mobile energy storage heating device based on the photo-thermal storage integrated material of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0093] The Fresnel concentrator 1 aggregates sunlight and irradiates it on the composite phase change material 4 of the heat absorption layer 5, and the composite phase change material 4 absorbs light energy and converts it into heat energy for storage;

[0094] When it is known through the temperature sensing device 6 that the composite phase change material 4 in the heat absorption layer 5 has absorbed sufficient heat, the fixing device 12 is untied, the door structure is opened, the first drawer-type tray in the heat absorption layer 5 is taken out and placed in the storage layer 8, and the second drawer-type tray is taken out from the storage layer 8. The unabsorbed composite phase change material 4 and the thermal conductive silica gel pad are sequentially placed on the second drawer-type tray, and the second drawer-type tray is placed on the heat absorption layer 5 through the first guide rail; the door structure is closed and fixed with the fixing device 12, and the composite phase change material 4 starts to absorb heat in the heat absorption layer 5;

[0095] When heating, take out the composite phase change material 4 that has absorbed heat in the storage layer 8 and place it in the place where heating is required.

[0096] The present invention will be further described in detail below. However, the following examples are merely simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

[0097] It should be understood that in the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0098] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "arranged", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0099] Embodiment 1

[0100] This embodiment provides a mobile energy storage and heating device based on a photo-thermal energy storage integrated material. The mobile energy storage and heating device includes a housing; a Fresnel concentrator, a heat absorption layer, a first insulating layer, and a storage layer are sequentially arranged in the housing from top to bottom;

[0101] The heat absorption layer includes a first drawer-type tray and a first grid-shaped frame; a composite phase change material and a thermal conductive silica gel pad are sequentially placed in the first drawer-type tray from top to bottom;

[0102] The storage layer includes a second drawer-type tray and a second grid-shaped frame;

[0103] Pulleys are arranged at the bottom of the housing.

[0104] The Fresnel concentrator includes a Fresnel concentrator substrate and a nano-zinc oxide anti-ultraviolet coating and a titanium dioxide nano-coating sequentially arranged on the outer surface of the Fresnel concentrator substrate;

[0105] The thickness of the nano-zinc oxide anti-ultraviolet coating is 200 nm; the thickness of the titanium dioxide nano-coating is 400 nm; the overall thickness of the Fresnel concentrator is 3 mm;

[0106] The Fresnel concentrator is arranged on a bracket and fixed on the shell.

[0107] The materials of the first drawer-type tray and the second drawer-type tray are both aerogel;

[0108] The first drawer-type tray is fixed inside the shell through a first guide rail; the second drawer-type tray is fixed inside the shell through a second guide rail.

[0109] The materials of the first cross-shaped frame and the second cross-shaped frame are both carbon fiber reinforced plastics.

[0110] The number of the storage layers is 2 layers.

[0111] The phase change enthalpy value of the composite phase change material is 200 kJ / kg, the thermal conductivity is 5 W / (m·K), and the photothermal conversion efficiency is 93%; a temperature sensing device is also arranged at the bottom of the composite phase change material;

[0112] The composite phase change material is of a cube structure, and a carbon black powder layer is arranged on the light-irradiated surface of the cube structure.

[0113] The preparation methods of the composite phase change materials all include the following steps:

[0114] After placing a layer of powder phase change material in a mold and pressing it flat, placing a graphite sheet on it, repeating the operation until the required number of graphite sheet layers is reached, and finally placing a layer of powder phase change material and pressing it flat, and obtaining the composite phase change material through a hydraulic forming process;

[0115] The number of the graphite sheets is 15 layers; the total thickness of the composite phase change material is 18 μm.

[0116] The material of the first heat insulation layer is glass fiber reinforced inorganic aerogel; the thermal conductivity of the first heat insulation layer is 0.01 W / (m·K); the heat-resistant temperature range of the first heat insulation layer > 600 °C.

[0117] The shell sequentially includes a second heat insulation layer, a transition layer and an outer layer from the inside to the outside;

[0118] The material of the second heat insulation layer is nano-aerogel felt; the thickness of the second heat insulation layer is 3.5 mm, the thermal conductivity is 0.003 W / (m·K), and the heat-resistant temperature range is -200 °C to 650 °C;

[0119] The material of the transition layer is aluminosilicate ceramic fiber; the thickness of the transition layer is 1.3 mm;

[0120] The material of the outer layer is glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin; the thickness of the outer layer is 4 mm; a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-ultraviolet coating is further provided on the outer surface of the outer layer.

[0121] One side of the housing is a door structure that can be opened and closed; a hinge is provided on one side of the door structure, and a fixing device is provided on the other side.

[0122] Embodiment 2

[0123] This embodiment provides a mobile energy storage and heating device based on a photo-thermal storage integrated material. The mobile energy storage and heating device includes a housing; a Fresnel concentrator, a heat absorption layer, a first heat insulation layer, and a storage layer are sequentially provided on the housing from top to bottom;

[0124] The heat absorption layer includes a first drawer-type tray and a first cross-shaped frame; a composite phase change material and a thermal conductive silica gel pad are sequentially placed in the first drawer-type tray from top to bottom;

[0125] The storage layer includes a second drawer-type tray and a second cross-shaped frame;

[0126] Pulleys are provided at the bottom of the housing.

[0127] The Fresnel concentrator includes a Fresnel concentrator substrate and a nano-zinc oxide anti-ultraviolet coating and a titanium dioxide nano-coating sequentially provided on the outer surface of the Fresnel concentrator substrate;

[0128] The thickness of the nano-zinc oxide anti-ultraviolet coating is 100 nm; the thickness of the titanium dioxide nano-coating is 500 nm; the overall thickness of the Fresnel concentrator is 5 mm;

[0129] The Fresnel concentrator is arranged on a bracket and fixed on the housing.

[0130] The materials of the first drawer-type tray and the second drawer-type tray are both aerogel;

[0131] The first drawer-type tray is fixed inside the housing through a first guide rail; the second drawer-type tray is fixed inside the housing through a second guide rail.

[0132] The materials of the first cross-shaped frame and the second cross-shaped frame are both carbon fiber reinforced plastic.

[0133] The number of the storage layers is 4 layers.

[0134] The phase change enthalpy value of the composite phase change material is 150 kJ / kg, the thermal conductivity is 10 W / (m·K), and the photothermal conversion efficiency is 97%; a temperature sensing device is also provided at the bottom of the composite phase change material;

[0135] The composite phase change material is in a cubic structure, and a carbon black powder layer is provided on the light-irradiated surface of the cubic structure.

[0136] The preparation method of the composite phase change material includes the following steps:

[0137] After placing a layer of powder phase change material in a mold and pressing it flat, place a graphite sheet on it, repeat the operation until the required number of graphite sheets is reached, and finally place a layer of powder phase change material and press it flat, and obtain the composite phase change material through hydroforming;

[0138] The number of layers of the graphite sheet is 10 layers; the total thickness of the composite phase change material is 10 μm.

[0139] The material of the first heat insulation layer is glass fiber-reinforced inorganic aerogel; the thermal conductivity of the first heat insulation layer is 0.003 W / (m·K), and the heat-resistant temperature range of the first heat insulation layer > 600 °C.

[0140] The housing sequentially includes a second heat insulation layer, a transition layer, and an outer layer from the inside to the outside;

[0141] The material of the second heat insulation layer is nano-aerogel felt; the thickness of the second heat insulation layer is 3 mm, the thermal conductivity is 0.013 W / (m·K), and the heat-resistant temperature range is -200 °C to 650 °C;

[0142] The material of the transition layer is aluminum silicate ceramic fiber; the thickness of the transition layer is 1 mm;

[0143] The material of the outer layer is glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin; the thickness of the outer layer is 5 mm; a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-ultraviolet coating is also provided on the outer surface of the outer layer.

[0144] One side of the housing is a door structure that can be opened and closed; a hinge is provided on one side of the door structure, and a fixing device is provided on the other side.

[0145] Example 3

[0146] This example provides a mobile energy storage and heating device based on a photothermal storage integrated material. The mobile energy storage and heating device includes a housing; a Fresnel concentrator, a heat absorption layer, a first heat insulation layer, and a storage layer are sequentially provided on the housing from top to bottom;

[0147] The heat absorption layer includes a first drawer-type tray and a first grid-shaped frame; a composite phase change material and a thermal conductive silica gel pad are sequentially placed in the first drawer-type tray from top to bottom;

[0148] The storage layer includes a second drawer-type tray and a second grid-shaped frame;

[0149] The bottom of the housing is provided with pulleys.

[0150] The Fresnel concentrator includes a Fresnel concentrator substrate and a nano-zinc oxide ultraviolet-resistant coating and a titanium dioxide nano-coating sequentially provided on the outer surface of the Fresnel concentrator substrate;

[0151] The thickness of the nano-zinc oxide ultraviolet-resistant coating is 300 nm; the thickness of the titanium dioxide nano-coating is 200 nm; the overall thickness of the Fresnel concentrator is 2 mm;

[0152] The Fresnel concentrator is arranged on a bracket and fixed on the housing.

[0153] The materials of the first drawer-type tray and the second drawer-type tray are both aerogel;

[0154] The first drawer-type tray is fixed inside the housing through a first guide rail; the second drawer-type tray is fixed inside the housing through a second guide rail.

[0155] The materials of the first grid-shaped frame and the second grid-shaped frame are both carbon fiber reinforced plastics.

[0156] The number of the storage layers is 5 layers.

[0157] The phase change enthalpy value of the composite phase change material is 300 kJ / kg, the thermal conductivity is 2 W / (m·K), and the photothermal conversion efficiency is 91%; a temperature sensing device is further arranged at the bottom of the composite phase change material;

[0158] The composite phase change material is of a cube structure, and a carbon black powder layer is arranged on the light-irradiated surface of the cube structure.

[0159] The preparation method of the composite phase change material includes the following steps:

[0160] After placing a layer of powder phase change material in a mold and pressing it flat, placing a graphite sheet on it, repeating the operation until the required number of graphite sheet layers is reached, and finally placing a layer of powder phase change material and pressing it flat, and obtaining the composite phase change material through hydraulic forming treatment;

[0161] The number of the graphite sheets is 25 layers; the total thickness of the composite phase change material is 30 μm.

[0162] The material of the first heat insulation layer is glass fiber reinforced inorganic aerogel; the thermal conductivity of the first heat insulation layer is 0.004 W / (m·K); the heat-resistant temperature range of the first heat insulation layer is >600 °C.

[0163] The housing sequentially includes a second heat insulation layer, a transition layer, and an outer layer from the inside to the outside;

[0164] The material of the second heat insulation layer is nano-aerogel felt; the thickness of the second heat insulation layer is 5 mm, the thermal conductivity is 0.007 W / (m·K), and the heat-resistant temperature range is -200 °C to 650 °C;

[0165] The material of the transition layer is aluminosilicate ceramic fiber; the thickness of the transition layer is 2 mm;

[0166] The material of the outer layer is glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin; the thickness of the outer layer is 2 mm; a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-ultraviolet coating is also provided on the outer surface of the outer layer.

[0167] One side of the housing is an openable door structure; a hinge is provided on one side of the door structure, and a fixing device is provided on the other side.

[0168] It can be seen from Comprehensive Examples 1 to 3 that the mobile energy storage heating device based on the integrated photo-thermal storage material provided by the present invention realizes efficient light collection, cross-day and night energy storage through the sequentially arranged Fresnel concentrator, heat absorption layer, first heat insulation layer, and storage layer, constructs a "clean, intelligent, and adaptable to extreme environments" heating system, and solves the contradiction between energy supply and heating demand in plateau areas. The mobile energy storage heating device is small in mass, convenient for transportation and transfer, and has a high photo-thermal conversion efficiency, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application in plateau areas.

[0169] The applicant declares that the present invention uses the above embodiments to illustrate the detailed structural features of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed structural features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement to the present invention, the equivalent replacement of the components selected by the present invention, the addition of auxiliary components, and the selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and public scope of the present invention.

[0170] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mobile energy storage and heating device based on a photo-thermal energy storage integrated material, characterized in that, The mobile energy storage heating device includes a housing; a Fresnel concentrator, a heat absorption layer, a first thermal insulation layer, and a storage layer are sequentially arranged in the housing from top to bottom; The heat absorption layer includes a first drawer-type tray and a first grid-shaped frame; a composite phase change material and a thermal conductive silica gel pad are sequentially placed in the first drawer-type tray from top to bottom; The storage layer includes a second drawer-type tray and a second grid-shaped frame; The bottom of the housing is provided with pulleys.

2. The mobile energy storage heating device according to claim 1, wherein The Fresnel concentrator includes a Fresnel concentrator substrate and a nano-zinc oxide ultraviolet-resistant coating and a titanium dioxide nano-coating sequentially arranged on the outer surface of the Fresnel concentrator substrate; Preferably, the thickness of the nano-zinc oxide ultraviolet-resistant coating is 100-300 nm; Preferably, the thickness of the titanium dioxide nano-coating is 200-500 nm; Preferably, the overall thickness of the Fresnel concentrator is 2-5 mm; Preferably, the Fresnel concentrator is arranged on a bracket and fixed on the housing.

3. The mobile energy storage heating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The materials of the first drawer-type tray and the second drawer-type tray both include aerogel; Preferably, the first drawer-type tray is fixed on the inner side of the housing through a first guide rail; Preferably, the second drawer-type tray is fixed on the inner side of the housing through a second guide rail.

4. The mobile energy storage heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The materials of the first grid-shaped frame and the second grid-shaped frame both include carbon fiber reinforced plastic.

5. The mobile energy storage heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The number of the storage layers is at least 2 layers.

6. The mobile energy storage heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The phase change enthalpy value of the composite phase change material is 150-300 kJ / kg, the thermal conductivity is 0.5-10 W / (m·K), and the photothermal conversion efficiency is more than 90%; Preferably, a temperature sensing device is further arranged at the bottom of the composite phase change material; Preferably, the composite phase change material is in a cube structure, and a carbon black powder layer is arranged on the light-irradiated surface of the cube structure.

7. The mobile energy storage heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The preparation methods of the composite phase change materials all include the following steps: Place a layer of powder phase change material in a mold and flatten it, then place a graphite sheet on it, repeat the operation until the required number of graphite sheet layers is reached, and finally place a layer of powder phase change material and flatten it, and obtain the composite phase change material through hydraulic forming treatment; Preferably, the number of layers of the graphite sheets is 10-25 layers; Preferably, the total thickness of the composite phase change material is 10-30 μm.

8. The mobile energy storage heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The material of the first thermal insulation layer includes glass fiber reinforced inorganic aerogel; Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the first thermal insulation layer <0.013 W / (m·K); Preferably, the heat-resistant temperature range of the first thermal insulation layer >600 °C.

9. The mobile energy storage heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The housing sequentially includes a second thermal insulation layer, a transition layer, and an outer layer from the inside to the outside; Preferably, the material of the second thermal insulation layer includes nano-aerogel felt; Preferably, the thickness of the second thermal insulation layer is 3-5 mm, the thermal conductivity ≤0.013 W / (m·K), and the heat-resistant temperature range is -200 °C to 650 °C; Preferably, the material of the transition layer includes aluminosilicate ceramic fiber; Preferably, the thickness of the transition layer is 1-2 mm; Preferably, the material of the outer layer includes glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin; Preferably, the thickness of the outer layer is 2-5 mm; Preferably, a polytetrafluoroethylene ultraviolet-resistant coating is further arranged on the outer surface of the outer layer.

10. The mobile energy storage heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, One side of the housing is an openable and closable door structure; Preferably, a hinge is provided on one side of the door structure, and a fixing device is provided on the other side.

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