Rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement method and system based on multi-flow-layer water flow pressure monitoring, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement method and system based on multi-flow-layer water flow pressure monitoring, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: measuring the water level information of a to-be-measured drainage basin in real time through an ultrasonic water level gauge; dividing the flow section of the rectangular open channel in the to-be-detected drainage basin into a plurality of flow layers from bottom to top; according to the water level information, the hydrodynamic pressure value of each flow layer in the flow cross section is calculated, and the hydrodynamic pressure value is converted into the water flow velocity value of the corresponding flow layer; calculating the flow of each flow layer based on a flow velocity area method according to the water flow velocity value, and accumulating the flow of each flow layer to obtain the flow of the rectangular open channel; the method has the advantages that manual intervention is not needed, operation is easy, high applicability and real-time performance are achieved, cost is low, high-cost equipment does not need to be used, the measuring effect is accurate, and the method can be suitable for the complex fluid flowing environment; the method is suitable for the rectangular open channel flow measurement field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of flow measurement of rectangular open channels, and specifically to an automatic flow measurement method, system, electronic device, and storage medium for rectangular open channels based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Accurately measuring the flow rate and velocity of water in a channel can comprehensively understand the flow of water resources in the channel, providing reliable data support for scientific and reasonable water resource allocation. According to the needs of different regions, different farmlands or water users, precise water resource allocation can be achieved, thereby ensuring the efficient use of water resources, avoiding waste or uneven distribution, and ultimately improving the water resource utilization efficiency of the entire irrigation system.

[0003] In the field of channel flow measurement, accurate flow measurement data is of great significance. It helps to achieve precise control of water flow, ensuring scientific and reasonable allocation of water resources in different pipe sections and different branch channels of the channel, ultimately achieving the goals of improving the water conveyance efficiency of the channel and reducing water loss during the conveyance process.

[0004] Currently, there are many methods for measuring the liquid flow rate in an open channel, including the water level-flow relationship method, velocity-flow method, pressure difference method, slope-drop-hydraulic radius-area method, etc. Among them, the water level-flow relationship method requires relying on long-term observation data to establish a water level-flow relationship curve. It is sensitive to water level changes but may not fully and accurately reflect flow rate changes, especially when the water flow state changes greatly. The velocity-flow method has a complex measurement process, requires multi-point velocity measurement, and has a high equipment cost. The pressure difference method requires precise layout of pressure sensors at different positions in different pipes or channels and needs to match the velocity distribution of the water flow, making the installation of the equipment complex and demanding. The slope-drop-hydraulic radius-area method usually assumes that the water flow is uniform, that is, the velocity is uniformly distributed across the cross-section of the channel. However, in actual situations, the water flow is often non-uniform, especially under complex channel beds or variable velocity conditions, and this assumption may lead to errors. In summary, there is an urgent need to provide a flow measurement method that is convenient to detect, does not require the installation of high-cost equipment, and has accurate measurement results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve one of the above technical deficiencies, the present application provides an automatic flow measurement method, system, electronic device, and storage medium for rectangular open channels based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring.

[0006] According to the first aspect of the present application, there is provided an automatic flow measurement method for rectangular open channels based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring, including:

[0007] Real-time measuring the water level information of the basin to be measured by an ultrasonic water level gauge;

[0008] Divide the cross-sectional area of the rectangular open channel in the basin to be measured into multiple flow layers from bottom to top;

[0009] Calculate the hydrodynamic pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-sectional area according to the water level information, and convert the hydrodynamic pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-sectional area into the water flow velocity values of the corresponding flow layers;

[0010] According to the water flow velocity values of each flow layer in the cross-sectional area, based on the velocity-area method, calculate the flow rate of each flow layer, and the sum of the flow rates of each flow layer can obtain the flow rate of the rectangular open channel.

[0011] Preferably, the calculating the hydrodynamic pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-sectional area according to the water level information and converting the hydrodynamic pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-sectional area into the water flow velocity values of the corresponding flow layers specifically includes:

[0012] Detect the total pressure values of each flow layer from bottom to top through an automatic pressure measuring device, and the detected total pressure value of the i-th flow layer is P 总i ;

[0013] Calculate the hydrostatic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer according to the water level information 静i ;

[0014] Subtract the hydrostatic pressure value P of the corresponding flow layer from the calculated total pressure value P of the i-th flow layer 总i to obtain the hydrodynamic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer 静i ; i ;

[0015] Convert the hydrodynamic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer into the water flow velocity value of the i-th flow layer according to the pressure-velocity conversion formula i .

[0016] Preferably, calculating the hydrostatic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer 静i specifically includes:

[0017] When i = 1, the calculation formula for the hydrostatic pressure value is:

[0018] In the formula, a represents the width of the rectangular open channel, in m, b represents the flow layer height, in m, ρ represents the water flow density, in kg / m 3 , g represents the acceleration due to gravity, in m / s 2 , h represents the water depth of the cross-sectional area, in m;

[0019] When i = 2, 3,..., n, n represents the number of flow layers in the cross-sectional area, the calculation formula for the hydrostatic pressure value is:

[0020] More preferably, the pressure-velocity conversion formula is: The calculation formula for the water flow velocity value of the i-th flow layer is:

[0021]

[0022] That is, when i=1,

[0023] When i=2,3,...,n,

[0024] More preferably, the flow rate of the i-th flow layer in the water-passing section is:

[0025] The flow rate calculation formula for a rectangular open channel is: Where γ represents the disturbance correction coefficient.

[0026] According to a second aspect of the present application, a rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement system based on multi-flow layer water flow pressure monitoring is provided, including a module for implementing a rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement method based on multi-flow layer water flow pressure monitoring as described in any of the above items.

[0027] Preferably, the rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement system comprises:

[0028] A water level information acquisition module is used to measure the water level information of the watershed to be measured in real time through an ultrasonic water level meter;

[0029] The flow layer division module is used to divide the water flow section of the rectangular open channel in the measured basin into multiple flow layers from bottom to top;

[0030] The water flow velocity value calculation module is used to calculate the dynamic water pressure value of each flow layer in the water flow section according to the water level information, and convert the dynamic water pressure value of each flow layer in the water flow section into the water flow velocity value of the corresponding flow layer;

[0031] The flow calculation module is used to calculate the flow rate of each flow layer according to the water flow velocity value of each flow layer in the water-passing section based on the velocity-area method. The flow rate of each flow layer can be obtained by accumulating the flow rate of the rectangular open channel.

[0032] More preferably, the water flow velocity value calculation module includes:

[0033] The total pressure value detection unit is used to detect the total pressure value of each flow layer from bottom to top through the automatic pressure measuring device, and the total pressure value of the i-th flow layer is P 总i ;

[0034] The hydrostatic pressure value calculation unit is used to calculate the hydrostatic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer. 静i ;

[0035] The dynamic water pressure value calculation unit is used to calculate the total pressure value P of the i-th flow layer 总iSubtract the hydrostatic pressure value P of the corresponding flow layer 静i , and the hydrodynamic pressure value Pi of the i-th flow layer can be obtained i ;

[0036] A pressure-flow velocity conversion unit for converting the hydrodynamic pressure value Pi of the i-th flow layer into the water flow velocity value of the i-th flow layer according to the pressure-flow velocity conversion formula i .

[0037] According to the third aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, including:

[0038] A memory;

[0039] A processor; and

[0040] A computer program;

[0041] Wherein, the computer program is stored in the memory and is configured to be executed by the processor to implement the automatic flow measurement method for rectangular open channels as described in any one of the above.

[0042] According to the fourth aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored; the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the automatic flow measurement method for rectangular open channels as described in any one of the above.

[0043] The automatic flow measurement method for rectangular open channels provided by the present application does not require manual intervention, is simple to operate, has strong applicability and real-time performance, and has a low cost and does not require the use of high-cost equipment; it is not limited to measuring the flow velocity information of a single measurement point, thereby making the measurement effect more accurate, and can be applied to a relatively complex fluid flow environment, providing more powerful data support for scientific and reasonable water resource allocation. In the present application, the water level information is measured by an ultrasonic water level gauge, and at the same time, the position where the cross-section of the rectangular open channel is located can be obtained; the cross-section of the rectangular open channel is divided into multiple flow layers from bottom to top, the bottommost flow layer is used as the first layer, and except for the topmost flow layer, the areas of other flow layers are equal, that is, the heights of each flow layer except the topmost flow layer are the same; then the flow rate of each flow layer in the cross-section is calculated separately, and the sum can obtain the flow rate of the rectangular open channel. The measurement method is simple, the measurement efficiency is high, and the measurement result is more accurate.

[0044] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the subsequent specification, and part of them will be obvious from the specification, or will be understood by implementing the present application. The objectives and other advantages of the present application can be achieved and obtained through the content pointed out in the written specification and the drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0045] The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and form a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the flow layer division structure of the rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement method based on multi-flow layer water pressure monitoring provided by the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the flow chart of the rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement method based on multi-flow layer water pressure monitoring provided by the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic diagram of the calculation flow of the water flow velocity value in;

[0049] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the functional structure of the rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement system based on multi-flow layer water pressure monitoring provided by the present application;

[0050] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a schematic diagram of the functional structure of the water flow velocity calculation module in;

[0051] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a movable rectangular open channel automatic pressure measurement device provided by the present application;

[0052] Figure 7 It is a side view of a movable rectangular open channel automatic pressure measurement device provided by the present application;

[0053] Figure 8 is Figure 6 an enlarged view of part A in;

[0054] Figure 9 It is a top view sectional view of a movable rectangular open channel automatic pressure measurement device provided by the present application;

[0055] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a movable rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement device provided by the present application;

[0056] Figure 11 It is a front view of a movable rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement device provided by the present application;

[0057] In the figure:

[0058] 1 is a rectangular open channel, 10 is a supporting vertical rod, 20 is a telescopic cross bar, 30 is a sliding plate, 40 is a slider, 50 is a lifting assembly, 60 is a pressure measuring assembly, 70 is an ultrasonic water level gauge, 201 is a first cross bar, 202 is a second cross bar, 501 is a stepping motor, 502 is a lead screw, 503 is a lead screw base, 601 is a pressure measuring cross plate, 602 is a pressure sensor;

[0059] 100 is a water level information acquisition module, 110 is a flow layer division module, 120 is a water flow velocity value calculation module, 130 is a flow rate calculation module, 1201 is a total pressure value detection unit, 1202 is a static water pressure value calculation unit, 1203 is a dynamic water pressure value calculation unit, 1204 is a pressure velocity conversion unit. Specific implementation mode

[0060] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present application clearer and more understandable, the following further details the exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0061] In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide an automatic flow measurement method for a rectangular open channel based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring, including:

[0062] Measure the water level information of the basin to be measured in real time through an ultrasonic water level gauge;

[0063] Divide the cross-section of the rectangular open channel in the basin to be measured into multiple flow layers from bottom to top; except for the topmost flow layer, the areas of other flow layers are equal, that is, the height of each flow layer except the topmost flow layer is the same;

[0064] Calculate the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section according to the water level information, and convert the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section into the water flow velocity values of the corresponding flow layers;

[0065] According to the water flow velocity values of each flow layer in the cross-section, based on the velocity-area method, calculate the flow rates of each flow layer, and the sum of the flow rates of each flow layer can obtain the flow rate of the rectangular open channel.

[0066] The rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement method provided by the present application does not require manual intervention, is simple to operate, has strong applicability and real-time performance, and is low in cost, and does not require the use of high-cost equipment; it is not limited to measuring the flow velocity information of a single measuring point, thereby making the measurement effect more accurate, and can be applied to more complex fluid flow environments, providing more powerful data support for scientific and reasonable water resource allocation. In the present application, water level information is obtained by measuring with an ultrasonic water level meter, and the location of the water-passing section in the rectangular open channel can be obtained at the same time; the water-passing section of the rectangular open channel is divided into multiple flow layers from bottom to top, and the bottom flow layer is used as the first layer. Except for the top flow layer, the areas of other flow layers are equal, that is, except for the top flow layer, the height of each flow layer is consistent; then, a separate flow calculation is performed for each flow layer in the water-passing section, and the flow of the rectangular open channel can be obtained by accumulating. The measurement method is simple, the measurement efficiency is high, and the measurement results are more accurate.

[0067] Further, the calculation of the dynamic water pressure value of each flow layer in the water-passing section according to the water level information and the conversion of the dynamic water pressure value of each flow layer in the water-passing section into the water flow velocity value of the corresponding flow layer specifically includes:

[0068] The total pressure value of each flow layer is detected from bottom to top by an automatic pressure measuring device, and the total pressure value of the i-th flow layer is P 总i ;

[0069] Calculate the hydrostatic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer based on the water level information 静i ;

[0070] The calculated total pressure value P of the i-th flow layer 总i Subtract the hydrostatic pressure value P of the corresponding flow layer 静i , we can get the dynamic water pressure value P of the i-th flow layer i ;

[0071] According to the pressure-flow velocity conversion formula, the dynamic water pressure value P of the i-th flow layer i Converted to the water flow velocity value of the i-th flow layer.

[0072] In the present application, the total pressure value of each flow layer is detected from bottom to top through an automatic pressure measuring device. The hydrostatic pressure value of each flow layer can be calculated by the water level information of the measured basin measured in real time by an ultrasonic water level meter. The dynamic water pressure value of the flow layer can be obtained by subtracting the hydrostatic pressure value from the total pressure value of the corresponding flow layer. Then, the water flow velocity value of the flow layer can be calculated through the pressure-flow velocity conversion formula, which facilitates the subsequent flow calculation.

[0073] Specifically, in practical applications, the automatic pressure measuring device may be: a movable rectangular open channel automatic pressure measuring device, used to detect the water flow pressure in the rectangular open channel 1, comprising:

[0074] Two symmetrically arranged supporting vertical rods 10 are provided. Vertical sliding grooves are arranged on the inner sides of the two supporting vertical rods 10, and the two supporting vertical rods 10 are respectively attached to the two side walls of the water passing section of the rectangular open channel 1.

[0075] A telescopic cross rod 20, the two ends of the telescopic cross rod 20 are respectively connected to the tops of the two supporting vertical rods 10, and the telescopic cross rod 20 can be telescopically adjusted along the width direction of the rectangular open channel 1.

[0076] A sliding plate 30, both ends of the sliding plate 30 are connected with sliders 40, and the two sliders 40 are respectively adapted to the two vertical sliding grooves.

[0077] A lifting assembly 50, the lifting assembly 50 is arranged between the telescopic cross rod 20 and the sliding plate 30, and the lifting assembly 50 drives the sliding plate 30 to drive the slider 40 to move vertically along the corresponding vertical sliding groove.

[0078] A pressure measuring assembly 60, including a pressure measuring cross plate 601, and at least two pressure sensors 602 are evenly connected between the sliding plate 30 and the pressure measuring cross plate 601.

[0079] The automatic pressure measuring device provided in this application can accurately detect the pressure in the rectangular open channel, making the subsequent result of converting pressure data into flow data more accurate. The device can be placed in the water area to be measured in the rectangular open channel, reducing manual intervention, with high measurement efficiency. The components provided in the first embodiment can be easily disassembled and installed, facilitating transportation and maintenance, and ensuring the measurement effect while keeping the cost low. The two supporting vertical rods are respectively attached to the two side walls of the water passing section of the rectangular open channel, enabling pressure detection in the width direction of the rectangular open channel and having a stable structure; the telescopic cross rod can be telescoped along the width direction of the rectangular open channel, with an adjustable structure, capable of adapting to the use requirements of different rectangular open channels and having stronger applicability; the lifting assembly can drive the sliding plate to move vertically relative to the telescopic cross rod, and the vertical movement trajectory is consistent with the movement direction of the two sliders in the corresponding vertical sliding grooves, enabling the entire water flow section to be covered and pressure detection of different flow layers to be carried out, realizing dynamic pressure measurement of the entire cross-section water flow; the pressure measuring cross plate is connected to the sliding plate through the pressure sensor and moves with the movement of the sliding plate; the combination of the sliding plate and the lifting assembly realizes vertical dynamic coverage: vertical sliding grooves are arranged on the inner side of the supporting vertical rod, cooperating with the sliders at both ends of the sliding plate, and combined with the lifting assembly, realizing vertical positioning of the pressure measuring cross plate with an accuracy of ±1mm within a certain water depth range, ensuring pressure detection of the entire cross-section in layers. To sum up, the pressure values at different positions can be measured on the water flow section to be measured, the distribution and change of the water flow can be evaluated more comprehensively, and the measurement accuracy is further improved.

[0080] More specifically, the total pressure values of each flow layer are detected from bottom to top by the automatic pressure measuring device, and the total pressure value of the i-th flow layer detected is P 总i; Among them, the total pressure value of the i-th flow layer is P 总i The calculation formula is:

[0081] When i=1,2,3,...,n-1,the total pressure value of the i-th flow layer Where n represents the number of flow layers in the water section, F 合 It represents the sum of the pressure data collected by all pressure sensors, a represents the width of the rectangular open channel, in m, and b represents the height of the flow layer, in m;

[0082] When i=n, the total pressure value of the nth flow layer In the formula, h represents the water depth of the water-passing section, and the unit is m. In the present application, the total pressure value of each flow layer can be conveniently calculated through the pressure data collected by the pressure sensor.

[0083] Furthermore, the hydrostatic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer is calculated 静i , including:

[0084] When i=1, the calculation formula of hydrostatic pressure value is:

[0085] In the formula, a represents the width of the rectangular open channel, in m; b represents the height of the flow layer, in m; and ρ represents the water flow density, in kg / m 3 , g represents the acceleration due to gravity, the unit is m / s 2 , h represents the water depth of the water section, the unit is m;

[0086] When i=2,3,...,n, n represents the number of flow layers in the water-passing section, the calculation formula of the hydrostatic pressure value is:

[0087] In this application, after obtaining the water level information of the measured basin in real time through ultrasonic water level meter, the water-passing section can be obtained, and n can be obtained after dividing the flow layers. Then, the hydrostatic pressure values of the first flow layer and other flow layers can be calculated separately, and the calculation results are more accurate.

[0088] Furthermore, the pressure-flow rate conversion formula is: The calculation formula for the water flow velocity value of the i-th flow layer is:

[0089]

[0090] That is, when i=1,

[0091] When i=2,3,...,n,

[0092] In this application, through the pressure-flow velocity conversion formula, the water flow velocity values corresponding to each flow layer can be calculated. The calculation process is simple, and the flow velocity values of each flow layer can be obtained conveniently.

[0093] Furthermore, the flow rate of the i-th flow layer in the cross-section of the flowing water is:

[0094] The calculation formula for the flow rate of a rectangular open channel is: In the formula, γ represents the turbulence correction coefficient, which can be calibrated through experiments.

[0095] In this application, the flow rate of each flow layer is calculated by the area-flow velocity method, and then the flow rates of each flow layer are accumulated to obtain the flow rate in the rectangular open channel.

[0096] It should be understood that although the steps in the flow chart are shown in sequence according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear indication in this article, the execution of these steps has no strict order limit, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the figure may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same moment, but can be executed at different moments. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed alternately or in turn with at least a part of other steps or sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0097] This application also provides a rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement system based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring, including a module for implementing the rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement method based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring as described in any one of the above.

[0098] Since the automatic flow measurement system provided in this application includes a module for implementing the above automatic flow measurement method, it can be considered that the automatic flow measurement system provided in this application also has the same beneficial effects as the above automatic flow measurement method. For the purpose of brevity, it will not be elaborated here.

[0099] Furthermore, the rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement system includes:

[0100] A water level information acquisition module 100, configured to measure the water level information of the to-be-measured basin in real time through an ultrasonic water level gauge;

[0101] A flow layer division module 110, configured to divide the cross-section of the rectangular open channel in the to-be-measured basin into multiple flow layers from bottom to top;

[0102] The water flow velocity value calculation module 120 is configured to calculate the hydrodynamic pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section of the water flow according to the water level information, and convert the hydrodynamic pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section of the water flow into the water flow velocity values of the corresponding flow layers;

[0103] The flow rate calculation module 130 is configured to calculate the flow rate of each flow layer based on the velocity-area method according to the water flow velocity values of each flow layer in the cross-section of the water flow, and the sum of the flow rates of each flow layer can obtain the flow rate of the rectangular open channel.

[0104] Furthermore, the water flow velocity value calculation module 120 includes:

[0105] The total pressure value detection unit 1201 is configured to detect the total pressure values of each flow layer from bottom to top through an automatic pressure measuring device, and the detected total pressure value of the i-th flow layer is P 总i ;

[0106] The hydrostatic pressure value calculation unit 1202 is configured to calculate the hydrostatic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer according to the water level information 静i ;

[0107] The hydrodynamic pressure value calculation unit 1203 is configured to subtract the calculated hydrostatic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer 总i from the hydrostatic pressure value P of the corresponding flow layer 静i to obtain the hydrodynamic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer i ;

[0108] The pressure-velocity conversion unit 1204 is configured to convert the hydrodynamic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer into the water flow velocity value of the i-th flow layer according to the pressure-velocity conversion formula. i

[0109] This application also provides an electronic device, including:

[0110] A memory;

[0111] A processor; and

[0112] A computer program;

[0113] Wherein, the computer program is stored in the memory and is configured to be executed by the processor to implement the automatic flow measurement method for the rectangular open channel as described in any one of the above.

[0114] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored; the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the automatic flow measurement method for the rectangular open channel as described in any one of the above.

[0115] In practical applications, the automatic pressure measuring device also has the following characteristics:

[0116] ​Specifically, the pressure sensor 602 is a waterproof strain-type pressure sensor. The pressure sensor being waterproof avoids the influence of the underwater operation environment on the sensor. Even in a high-humidity or complex environment, the device can still operate stably, ensuring the reliability of the data and having a long service life. The setting direction of the pressure-measuring cross plate is perpendicular to the water flow direction. The pressure-measuring cross plate first comes into contact with the flowing water, and the force direction of the strain-type pressure sensor is consistent with the water flow direction, enabling real-time monitoring of the change in water flow pressure and making the detected pressure data more accurate.

[0117] Specifically, the end of the telescopic cross bar 20 is connected to the top of the corresponding support vertical bar 10 through a third bolt assembly, which is convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0118] Specifically, the sliding plate 30 and the pressure-measuring cross plate 601 are flush with each other in the horizontal direction. In this application, the sliding plate and the pressure-measuring cross plate are flush with each other in the horizontal direction, so that in the water flow direction, the sliding plate and the pressure-measuring cross plate are in an overlapping state, that is, reducing the influence of the sliding plate on the water flow state, and the pressure sensor only detects the water flow pressure received by the pressure-measuring cross plate.

[0119] Specifically, after setting, the length of the telescopic cross bar 20 and the length of the pressure-measuring cross plate are both consistent with or slightly less than the width of the rectangular open channel. While making the structure more stable and the measurement results more accurate, it enables the pressure-measuring cross plate to move freely vertically in the channel and also facilitates the removal of the automatic pressure measurement device after detection.

[0120] More specifically, all components in this application are made of stainless steel, which can better adapt to the underwater working state, prevent rusting, and ensure smooth sliding during the working process.

[0121] Specifically, the lifting assembly 50 includes: a driver, a stepping motor 501, a lead screw 502, and a lead screw base 503; the lead screw base 503 is arranged on the top of the sliding plate 30; the driver is connected to the input end of the stepping motor 501, one end of the lead screw 502 is connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor 501, and the other end of the lead screw 502 is threadedly connected to the middle of the telescopic cross bar 20 and then connected to the lead screw base 503. Specifically, a rectangular nut is arranged in the middle of the telescopic cross bar 20, and the end of the lead screw 502 far from the stepping motor 501 is threadedly connected to the rectangular nut and then connected to the lead screw base 503.

[0122] Specifically, it further includes a power supply, which provides electricity for the entire automatic pressure measurement device.

[0123] In this application, the power supply is used to supply power to the electrical equipment to ensure the working stability of the automatic pressure measuring device and provide power support for the driver and the stepping motor. The output end of the driver is connected to the input end of the stepping motor. The driver converts the pulse signal into current and voltage signals capable of driving the stepping motor. After receiving the signal, the stepping motor makes the rotor rotate precisely by a fixed step distance through the electromagnetic principle, thereby achieving precise positioning and constant-speed rotation. The output end of the stepping motor is connected to one end of the lead screw. The other end of the lead screw is threadedly connected to the middle of the telescopic cross bar and then connected to the lead screw base. When the output end of the stepping motor rotates, it drives the lead screw to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the lead screw, it drives the lead screw base, the sliding plate, the pressure sensor, and the pressure measuring cross bar to move vertically. Through the driver, the automatic and precise control of the stepping motor is realized, and then the lead screw is controlled to move precisely by a set distance, avoiding manual intervention and reducing human error. This enables the pressure measuring cross bar to move up and down automatically, covering the entire cross-section of the water flow, measuring the water flow pressure of different flow layers, and having an automatic start-stop function, ensuring the stability of each measurement and facilitating measurement and recording.

[0124] Specifically, an ultrasonic water level gauge 70 is provided on the telescopic cross bar 20. By setting the ultrasonic water level gauge, the water level information can be obtained more conveniently and accurately, and then the driving distance of the stepping motor can be controlled, making the measurement effect more accurate. Specifically, the ultrasonic water level gauge 70 is connected to the telescopic cross bar 20 through fixing bolts, and the measuring direction is perpendicular to the water surface. Such a setting of the ultrasonic water level gauge can ensure that it is not interfered by other components during the flow measurement process, the measurement result is more accurate, and it is convenient to control the vertical positions of the pressure measuring cross bar and the pressure sensor.

[0125] Specifically, the pressure measuring cross bar 601 and the pressure sensor 602 are connected together through the first bolt assembly. By using the first bolt assembly, the pressure measuring cross bar and the pressure sensor are detachably connected together, which is convenient for installation and disassembly and also for later maintenance. Specifically, the pressure sensor 602 and the sliding plate 30 are connected together through the second bolt assembly.

[0126] Specifically, the telescopic cross bar 20 includes a first cross bar 201 and two second cross bars 202 sleeved on both ends of the first cross bar 201 respectively; one end of the second cross bar 202 far from the first cross bar 201 is connected to the adjacent support vertical bar 10; a plurality of positioning holes are provided on both the first cross bar 201 and the second cross bar 202 along the setting direction of the first cross bar 201. By connecting any positioning hole on the first cross bar 201 and any positioning hole on the second cross bar 202 with bolts, the length of the telescopic cross bar 20 is adapted to the width of the rectangular open channel 1.

[0127] The positioning holes on the first crossbar and the positioning holes on the second crossbar are fixedly connected by bolts. The setting of multiple positioning holes enables the telescopic crossbar to be telescopic, so that the length of the telescopic crossbar is adapted to the width of the rectangular open channel, and it can quickly adapt to rectangular open channels of various widths, significantly improving the applicability of the device. Connecting by bolts improves the stability of the connection structure.

[0128] More specifically, any positioning hole on the first crossbar 201 is connected to any positioning hole on the second crossbar 202 by bolts, so that the length of the telescopic crossbar 20 is adapted to the width of the rectangular open channel, wherein the length of the telescopic crossbar 20, the width of the rectangular open channel 1, and the length of the pressure measuring crossbar 601 are all adapted. Commonly, the length of the pressure measuring crossbar 601 is 0.5 meters, 1 meter, 2 meters, 3 meters, 5 meters, etc., and it can be applied to rectangular open channels of different widths, with strong flexibility and expandability.

[0129] Correspondingly, the present application also provides a movable automatic flow measurement device for a rectangular open channel, including a rectangular open channel and an automatic pressure measurement device arranged along the width direction of the rectangular open channel. The automatic pressure measurement device is the movable automatic pressure measurement device for a rectangular open channel as described in any one of the above; the automatic flow measurement device further includes a digital transmitter and a host computer; the pressure sensor 602 in the automatic pressure measurement device is electrically connected to the digital transmitter, and the digital transmitter is electrically connected to the host computer through an RS485 interface; the host computer is electrically connected to the ultrasonic water level gauge in the automatic pressure measurement device and the driver in the lifting assembly 50 through RS485 interfaces. Further, the host computer receives data through the Modbus RTU protocol. Specifically, the host computer has a storage module and a display module. The storage module is used to store the received data in real time and store the historical data for subsequent data analysis and use. The display module is used to display data, which can be displayed more intuitively, facilitating the observation and corresponding processing by the staff.

[0130] The automatic flow measurement device provided by this application monitors the water flow pressure at different positions of the cross-section of a rectangular open channel through an automatic pressure measurement device. Then, the data transmitter converts the detected pressure data into digital signals and transmits them to the host computer through the RS485 interface. The host computer calculates the flow rate of the rectangular open channel through the flow rate-pressure calculation formula. Among them, the RS485 interface transmits data through differential signals to ensure data stability and anti-interference ability during long-distance transmission. During actual use, the ultrasonic water level gauge is responsible for continuously monitoring the water level change and transmitting the water level information to the host computer in real time. According to the received water level information data, the host computer can perform real-time calculation and analysis, generate a stepping motor control signal, and precisely control the start and moving distance of the stepping motor through the driver. In this way, the host computer can automatically adjust the working state of the flow measurement system according to the water level change, optimizing the accuracy and reliability of flow measurement. The integration of this system effectively improves the flow measurement accuracy and automation level, providing a more accurate and efficient solution for flow monitoring.

[0131] The host computer mainly receives data through the Modbus RTU protocol, performs real-time pressure value recording, data trend chart drawing, historical data analysis, data conversion, etc. according to the received digital signals, and calculates the pressure data into flow measurement data to achieve accurate flow measurement of the rectangular open channel, facilitating long-term monitoring and data management. And the whole process can be automatically realized, with a high degree of automation, reducing manual intervention and improving the flow measurement accuracy and efficiency.

[0132] Correspondingly, this application also provides a usage method of the movable rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement device as described above, including:

[0133] Install the automatic pressure measurement device in the basin to be measured;

[0134] Control the ultrasonic water level gauge through the host computer to measure the water level information of the basin to be measured in real time, calculate the hydrostatic pressure values of each flow layer, and transmit the hydrostatic pressure values of each flow layer to the host computer through the digital transmitter;

[0135] Divide the cross-section of the rectangular open channel in the basin to be measured into multiple flow layers from bottom to top;

[0136] Control the lifting component through the host computer to move the pressure measurement cross plate to the bottommost flow layer in the cross-section, that is, the first flow layer, and detect the total pressure value of the first flow layer through two pressure sensors;

[0137] Control the lifting component through the host computer to move the pressure measurement cross plate upward at equal distances, and detect the total pressure values of all flow layers in the cross-section one by one; the moving distance is consistent with the height of the pressure measurement cross plate and the height of each flow layer;

[0138] Stop for a period of time after each movement. During the stop time, detect the total pressure value of the current flow layer through a pressure sensor, and transmit the detected total pressure value of the current flow layer to the host computer through a digital transmitter;

[0139] Calculate the flow velocity and flow rate of the rectangular open channel through the host computer.

[0140] Specifically, install the automatic pressure measuring device in the basin to be measured, which specifically includes:

[0141] Symmetrically arrange two support vertical rods 10 at positions that fit the two side walls of the rectangular open channel;

[0142] Inlay the slider 40 into the corresponding support vertical rod 10 and slidably connect it to the corresponding vertical chute;

[0143] Connect the two ends of the sliding plate 30 to the two sliders 40 respectively;

[0144] Connect the two ends of the telescopic cross bar 20 to the two support vertical rods 10 respectively;

[0145] The bottom of the lead screw 502 in the lifting assembly 50 penetrates through the telescopic cross bar 20 and is connected to the lead screw base 503 on the top of the sliding plate 30;

[0146] Install the ultrasonic water level gauge 70 on the telescopic cross bar so that the measuring direction of the ultrasonic water level gauge 70 is perpendicular to the water surface;

[0147] Connect the pressure measuring cross plate 601 to the sliding plate 30 through at least two pressure sensors 602.

[0148] More specifically, in the lifting assembly, the stepping motor has a self-starting and stopping function, and the time it stops after each movement can be 5s. Setting the stop time leaves a detection time for the pressure sensor, making the measurement result more accurate.

[0149] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in various computer languages, for example, C language, VHDL language, Verilog language, object-oriented programming language Java, and interpreted scripting language JavaScript, etc.

[0150] This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, and the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate means for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flows Figure 1 one or more of the flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or means for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the blocks.

[0151] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate a manufactured article including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more of the flows Figure 1 one or more of the flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or means for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the blocks.

[0152] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, such that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process, and thus the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flows Figure 1 one or more of the flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or means for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the blocks.

[0153] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "middle", "lateral", "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "vertical direction", "top", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.

[0154] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0155] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. shall be construed in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection capable of mutual communication; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0156] Although the preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they learn the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0157] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalent technologies, this application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An automatic flow measurement method for rectangular open channels based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring, characterized in that, Comprising: Real-time measuring the water level information of the basin to be measured by an ultrasonic water level gauge; Dividing the cross-section of the rectangular open channel in the basin to be measured into multiple flow layers from bottom to top; Calculating the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section according to the water level information, and converting the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section into the water flow velocity values of the corresponding flow layers; Calculating the flow rate of each flow layer based on the velocity-area method according to the water flow velocity values of each flow layer in the cross-section, and the sum of the flow rates of each flow layer can obtain the flow rate of the rectangular open channel.

2. The automatic flow measurement method for rectangular open channels based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that The calculating the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section according to the water level information, and converting the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section into the water flow velocity values of the corresponding flow layers specifically includes: The total pressure values of each flow layer are detected from bottom to top by an automatic pressure measuring device, and the total pressure value of the i-th flow layer detected is P 总i ; Calculate the hydrostatic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer according to the water level information 静i ; Subtract the calculated total pressure value P of the i-th flow layer 总i from the hydrostatic pressure value P of the corresponding flow layer 静i to obtain the hydrodynamic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer i ; Convert the hydrodynamic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer into the water flow velocity value of the i-th flow layer according to the pressure-flow velocity conversion formula i ​ 3. The automatic flow measurement method for rectangular open channels based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring according to claim 2, wherein, Calculate the hydrostatic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer 静i , specifically including: When i = 1, the calculation formula for the hydrostatic pressure value is: In the formula, a represents the width of the rectangular open channel, with the unit of m, b represents the flow layer height, with the unit of m, ρ represents the water flow density, with the unit of kg / m 3 , g represents the acceleration due to gravity, with the unit of m / s 2 , h represents the water depth of the cross-section of the water flow, with the unit of m; When \(i = 2, 3,\cdots, n\), where \(n\) represents the number of flow layers in the cross-section of flowing water, the calculation formula for the value of hydrostatic pressure is:

4. The automatic flow measurement method for rectangular open channels based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that The pressure-flow velocity conversion formula is as follows: The calculation formula for the water flow velocity value of the i-th flow layer is: That is, when i = 1, when i = 2, 3,..., n 5. The automatic flow measurement method for rectangular open channels based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flow rate of the i-th flow layer in the cross-section of the flowing water is as follows: The calculation formula for the flow rate of a rectangular open channel is as follows: In the formula, γ represents the turbulent flow correction coefficient.

6. The automatic flow measurement system for rectangular open channels based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring is characterized in that, Comprising a module for implementing the automatic flow measurement method of a rectangular open channel based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The automatic flow measurement system for rectangular open channels based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring according to claim 6, wherein Comprising: A water level information acquisition module (100) for real-time measuring the water level information of the basin to be measured by an ultrasonic water level gauge; A flow layer division module (110) for dividing the cross-section of the rectangular open channel in the basin to be measured into multiple flow layers from bottom to top; A water flow velocity value calculation module (120) for calculating the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section according to the water level information, and converting the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section into the water flow velocity values of the corresponding flow layers; A flow rate calculation module (130) for calculating the flow rate of each flow layer based on the velocity-area method according to the water flow velocity values of each flow layer in the cross-section, and the sum of the flow rates of each flow layer can obtain the flow rate of the rectangular open channel.

8. The automatic flow measurement system for rectangular open channels based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water flow velocity value calculation module (120) includes: The total pressure value detection unit (1201) is used to detect the total pressure values of each flow layer from bottom to top through an automatic pressure measuring device, and the detected total pressure value of the i-th flow layer is P 总i ; The hydrostatic pressure value calculation unit (1202) is configured to calculate the hydrostatic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer according to the water level information 静i ; The hydrodynamic pressure value calculation unit (1203) is used to subtract the hydrostatic pressure value P of the corresponding flow layer from the total pressure value P of the i-th flow layer obtained by calculation 总i to obtain the hydrodynamic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer 静i ; i ; The pressure-flow velocity conversion unit (1204) is used to convert the dynamic water pressure value P of the i-th flow layer into the water flow velocity value of the i-th flow layer according to the pressure-flow velocity conversion formula i layer according to the pressure-flow velocity conversion formula 9. An electronic device, characterized in that, Comprising: A memory; A processor; And A computer program; Wherein, the computer program is stored in the memory and is configured to be executed by the processor to implement the automatic flow measurement method of a rectangular open channel as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Stored thereon is a computer program; the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the automatic flow measurement method of a rectangular open channel as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images