Photon detection device and method for rock piezoelectric effect

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photon detection, and provides a rock piezoelectric effect photon detection device and method.The device comprises a loading table, a base is arranged at the bottom of the loading table, a sample bearing table is arranged in the middle of the top of the base, and the top of the sample bearing table is used for containing a sample; the base is matched with a sealing cover, and a loading pressure head is arranged in the middle of the top of the sealing cover and is used for compressing a sample on the sample bearing table; a plurality of acoustic emission probes are arranged on the sample bearing table, and the acoustic emission probes are used for measuring acoustic signals when the sample is compressed; a height adjusting rod is arranged on the top surface of the base, a photomultiplier is arranged at the top end of the height adjusting rod, and the photomultiplier is used for receiving optical signals during sample compression and transmitting the optical signals to an external instrument for conversion and storage. According to the invention, the macroscopic failure rule of the sample can be well obtained, and the information of internal defects can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photon detection, and more specifically, to a photon detection device and method for the piezoelectric effect of rocks. Background Art

[0002] Rocks are solid mixtures composed of various minerals and mineral components, and are the main components of the earth's crust and lithosphere. Studying the physical properties of rocks is the foundation of geological science. Among them, the compressive strength, as an important physical and mechanical property of rocks, is directly related to its bearing capacity and structural stability, and is crucial for the study of rock mechanical behavior.

[0003] Due to long-term weathering, rocks usually contain internal defects such as joints and fractures, which significantly reduce the overall strength of the rocks. Under the action of external forces, defects such as fractures are more likely to induce rock failure, and at the same time, energy is transmitted through elastic waves, light, etc. In this context, by using acoustic emission technology and the piezophotovoltaic effect to capture signals and combining mathematical methods to process information, the damage evolution process of rocks can be accurately monitored and analyzed, providing scientific support for in-depth understanding of the rock fracture instability mechanism, predicting potential geological disasters, and guiding engineering construction. In recent years, experimental studies have shown that rocks may emit photons during the process of being stressed and fractured, and this phenomenon is particularly significant in minerals such as quartz, suggesting that there may be an internal connection between the material damage process and the generation mechanism of earthquake light.

[0004] Traditionally, acoustic emission (AE) technology has been widely used to study the avalanche behavior in material damage. By monitoring the elastic waves generated by the propagation of microcracks inside the material, AE technology can be used to statistically analyze the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of damage events. However, AE signals mainly reflect mechanical wave information and cannot directly capture multi-physical field effects such as charge migration and energy radiation involved in the damage process. In addition, AE signals are easily affected by external noise interference and the signal resolution is limited. Therefore, it has certain limitations in revealing the microscopic mechanism of damage events.

[0005] Current uniaxial compressors are continuously optimized to meet experimental requirements and have various functions such as dynamic control, pressure regulation, and compression speed control. Different models of instruments have their own advantages in terms of control accuracy and economy. As the basic equipment for rock mechanics experiments, uniaxial compressors have been relatively perfect in the design of mechanical index tests, and commercial products have developed maturely, meeting different accuracy requirements and being economical at the same time, and are widely used in geological and engineering fields. However, for studying the internal mechanism of rock failure, there are some deficiencies:

[0006] 1) It can only judge the macroscopic failure of the specimen by measuring mechanical data such as stress and strain, or by directly observing the specimen. For the internal damage situation of the specimen, it cannot be seen with the naked eye and cannot be accurately judged by stress and strain data;

[0007] 2) The sample may break and debris may fall off. The open placement platform is not convenient for cleaning, which is not conducive to quickly carrying out the next experiment.

[0008] 3) The data lines of the acoustic emission probes usually have no fixed position but are randomly placed on the tabletop and need to be wiped frequently, which is not conducive to the long-term maintenance and use of the lines.

[0009] 4) The sample is exposed to the indoor environment, and it cannot be guaranteed that all the light collected by the photomultiplier tube is emitted by the sample.

[0010] Therefore, on the basis of the above uniaxial compression instrument, it is necessary to develop a set of devices that can obtain the macroscopic failure law of the sample and simultaneously obtain information about its internal defects. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The content of the present invention is to provide a photon detection device and method for the piezoelectric effect of rocks, which can preferably obtain the macroscopic failure law of the sample and simultaneously obtain information about its internal defects.

[0012] According to the photon detection device for the piezoelectric effect of rocks of the present invention, it includes a loading table. A base is provided at the bottom of the loading table. In the middle of the top of the base, there is a sample bearing table, and the top of the sample bearing table is used to place the sample; the base is matched with a cover. In the middle of the top of the cover, there is a loading press head, and the loading press head is used to compress the sample on the sample bearing table;

[0013] A plurality of acoustic emission probes are provided on the sample bearing table, and the acoustic emission probes are used to measure the acoustic signals when the sample is compressed;

[0014] A height adjustment rod is provided on the top surface of the base. At the top of the height adjustment rod, there is a photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube is used to receive the optical signal when the sample is compressed and transmit it to an external instrument for conversion and storage.

[0015] Preferably, the loading table is installed on a detection table. The detection table includes a support table. Columns are provided on both sides of the bottom surface of the support table, and a cross plate is connected between the columns; the loading table is installed in the middle of the top surface of the support table, and a compression device is installed in the middle of the cross plate, and the compression device corresponds to the loading press head.

[0016] Preferably, the acoustic emission probes are matched with an acoustic emission amplifier, and the acoustic emission amplifier is installed on the base.

[0017] Preferably, an interface is provided on the side surface of the cover, and the interface can be electrically connected to the acoustic emission amplifier.

[0018] Preferably, a magnetic induction coil is provided on the top surface of the base. The magnetic induction coil can effectively detect the magnetic field changes accompanied by the compression and fracture of the rock.

[0019] Preferably, the height adjustment rod includes a fixed rod and a telescopic rod, and the height of the telescopic rod is adjusted by a nut.

[0020] This embodiment provides a photon detection method for the piezoelectric effect of rocks. Using the above-mentioned photon detection device for the piezoelectric effect of rocks, it includes the following steps:

[0021] 1. Open the cover and place the sample on the top of the sample bearing platform;

[0022] 2. Cover the cover on the base so that the loading indenter abuts against the sample;

[0023] 3. Compress the sample with the loading indenter;

[0024] 4. The acoustic emission probe measures the acoustic signal when the sample is compressed;

[0025] 5. The photomultiplier tube receives the optical signal when the sample is compressed;

[0026] 6. Analyze the statistical characteristics of the optical signal when the sample is damaged and compare and analyze it with the acoustic signal.

[0027] Preferably, in step 3, after the cover is covered on the base, the entire loading platform is installed in the middle of the top surface of the support platform, and the compression device in the middle of the cross plate presses the loading indenter.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] The present invention proposes a new detection method, that is, using a photomultiplier tube (PMT) to collect the photon signals generated during the destruction process of quartz to study the avalanche dynamics behavior. Compared with the acoustic emission signal, the photon signal provides more direct energy release information and has higher time resolution, enabling the microscopic evolution process of the destruction event to be analyzed more finely. The present invention can quantitatively analyze the statistical characteristics of the photon signal when the sample (quartz) is damaged through experimental means and compare it with the acoustic emission signal to explore its potential advantages in the study of material damage.

[0030] Based on the existing compression instrument, the present invention can obtain both mechanical acoustic and optoelectronic data at the same time, not only obtaining the damage situation of the specimen macroscopically, but also studying the internal defect damage of the specimen, and then analyzing the relationship between the overall damage of the specimen and the development of its internal defects. The structure is simple and the effect is obvious. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the loading platform in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a top view structural diagram of the loading platform in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the detection platform in the embodiment. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] To further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail in combination with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are only for explaining the present invention rather than limiting it.

[0035] Embodiment

[0036] As Figures 1-3 shown, this embodiment adopts a photon detection device for the piezoelectric effect of rocks, which includes a loading platform 1. A base 11 is provided at the bottom of the loading platform 1. A sample bearing platform 12 is provided in the middle of the top of the base 11. The top of the sample bearing platform 12 is used to place a sample 4; The base 11 is fitted with a cover 2 (for the convenience of showing the structure, Figure 1 only the top structure of the cover 2 is drawn in Figure 2 only the side structure of the cover 2 is drawn in, and the cover 2 can cover the base 11), and a loading press head 21 is provided in the middle of the top of the cover 2. The loading press head 21 is used to compress the sample 4 on the sample bearing platform 12;

[0037] A plurality of acoustic emission probes 13 are provided on the sample bearing platform 12. The acoustic emission probes 13 are used to measure the acoustic signals when the sample 4 is compressed;

[0038] A height adjusting rod 15 is provided on the top surface of the base 11. A photomultiplier tube 16 is provided at the top of the height adjusting rod 15. The photomultiplier tube 16 is used to receive the optical signals when the sample 4 is compressed and transmit them to an external instrument for conversion and storage.

[0039] The loading platform 1 is installed on a detection platform 3. The detection platform 3 includes a support platform 31. Columns 32 are provided on both sides of the bottom surface of the support platform 31. A cross plate 33 is connected between the columns 32; The loading platform 1 is installed in the middle of the top surface of the support platform 31. A compression device 34 is installed in the middle of the cross plate 33. The compression device 34 corresponds to the loading press head 21. The loading platform 1 can be conveniently removed from the detection platform 3, so that it is convenient to place the sample 4.

[0040] The acoustic emission probes 13 are matched with an acoustic emission amplifier 14. The acoustic emission amplifier 14 is installed on the base 11.

[0041] An interface 22 is provided on the side of the cover 2. The interface 22 can be electrically connected to the acoustic emission amplifier 14.

[0042] A magnetic induction coil 17 is provided on the top surface of the base 11.

[0043] The magnetic induction coil 17 can effectively detect the magnetic field changes accompanied by the compression and fracture of rocks. These magnetic field changes usually originate from phenomena such as charge migration and charge recombination generated by the piezoelectric effect of mineral particles (especially quartz) during the crack propagation inside the rocks. The setting of the magnetic induction coil 17 enables the experimental device to not only collect acoustic emission and photon signals but also synchronously obtain the electromagnetic radiation information during material failure, thus realizing a more comprehensive multi-physical field monitoring. This multi-dimensional data acquisition not only expands the detection means of rock failure experiments but also can eliminate the interference factors of single signals through the mutual verification between magnetic field signals and acoustic and optical signals, improving the accuracy of data analysis and the credibility of experimental conclusions. In addition, through the electromagnetic signals collected by the magnetic induction coil, the possible correlation between the rock material failure process and earthquake precursor phenomena can be further studied, providing experimental basis and data support for exploring the electromagnetic mechanism of earthquake prediction, thereby significantly improving the practicality and research depth of the device in the fields of rock mechanics, materials science, and earthquake precursor research.

[0044] The height adjustment rod 15 includes a fixed rod and a telescopic rod, and the height of the telescopic rod is adjusted by a nut.

[0045] This embodiment provides a photon detection method for the piezoelectric effect of rocks, which uses the above-mentioned photon detection device for the piezoelectric effect of rocks and includes the following steps:

[0046] 1. Open the cover 2 and place the sample 4 on the top of the sample bearing platform 12;

[0047] 2. Cover the cover 2 on the base 11 so that the loading indenter 21 presses against the sample 4;

[0048] 3. Make the loading indenter 21 compress the sample 4;

[0049] 4. The acoustic emission probe 13 measures the acoustic signal when the sample 4 is compressed;

[0050] 5. The photomultiplier tube 16 receives the optical signal when the sample 4 is compressed;

[0051] 6. Analyze the statistical characteristics of the optical signal when the sample 4 fails and compare and analyze it with the acoustic signal.

[0052] In step 3, after the cover 2 is covered on the base 11, the entire loading table 1 is installed in the middle of the top surface of the support table 31, and the compression device 34 in the middle of the cross plate 33 presses against the loading indenter 21.

[0053] In this embodiment, a photomultiplier tube is used to collect the photon signals generated during the quartz destruction process to study the avalanche dynamics behavior. Compared with the acoustic emission signals, the photon signals provide more direct energy release information and have higher time resolution, enabling the microscopic evolution process of the destruction event to be analyzed more precisely. The present invention can quantitatively analyze the statistical characteristics of the photon signals during quartz destruction through experimental means and compare them with the acoustic emission signals to explore their potential advantages in the study of material destruction.

[0054] The above has schematically described the present invention and its implementation manners. This description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementation manners of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and design similar structural manners and embodiments to this technical solution without creative efforts without departing from the purpose of the present invention's creation, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Photon detection device for the piezoelectric effect of rocks, characterized in that: It includes a loading table (1). A base (11) is provided at the bottom of the loading table (1). In the middle of the top of the base (11), there is a sample bearing table (12), and the top of the sample bearing table (12) is used to place a sample (4). The base (11) is fitted with a cover (2). In the middle of the top of the cover (2), there is a loading indenter (21), and the loading indenter (21) is used to compress the sample (4) on the sample bearing table (12). A plurality of acoustic emission probes (13) are provided on the sample bearing table (12), and the acoustic emission probes (13) are used to measure the acoustic signals when the sample (4) is compressed. On the top surface of the base (11), there is a height adjustment rod (15). At the top of the height adjustment rod (15), there is a photomultiplier tube (16), and the photomultiplier tube (16) is used to receive the optical signals when the sample (4) is compressed and transmit them to an external instrument for conversion and storage.

2. The photon detection device for the piezoelectric effect of rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading table (1) is installed on a detection table (3). The detection table (3) includes a support table (31). On both sides of the bottom surface of the support table (31), there are columns (32), and a cross plate (33) is connected between the columns (32). The loading table (1) is installed in the middle of the top surface of the support table (31). In the middle of the cross plate (33), a compression device (34) is installed, and the compression device (34) corresponds to the loading indenter (21).

3. The photon detection device for the piezoelectric effect of rocks according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acoustic emission probes (13) are fitted with an acoustic emission amplifier (14), and the acoustic emission amplifier (14) is installed on the base (11).

4. The photon detection device for the piezoelectric effect of rocks according to claim 3, characterized in that: On the side of the cover (2), there is an interface (22), and the interface (22) can be electrically connected to the acoustic emission amplifier (14).

5. The photon detection device for the piezoelectric effect of rocks according to claim 4, wherein: On the top surface of the base (11), there is a magnetic induction coil (17).

6. The photon detection device for the piezoelectric effect of rocks according to claim 5, characterized in that: The height adjustment rod (15) includes a fixed rod and a telescopic rod, and the height of the telescopic rod is adjusted by a nut.

7. Photon detection method for piezoelectric effect of rock, characterized in that: It adopts the photon detection device for the piezoelectric effect of rocks as described in any one of claims 1-6, and includes the following steps:

1. Open the cover (2) and place the sample (4) on the top of the sample bearing table (12).

2. Cover the cover (2) on the base (11) so that the loading indenter (21) abuts against the sample (4).

3. Make the loading indenter (21) compress the sample (4).

4. The acoustic emission probes (13) measure the acoustic signals when the sample (4) is compressed.

5. The photomultiplier tube (16) receives the optical signals when the sample (4) is compressed.

6. Analyze the statistical characteristics of the optical signals when the sample (4) is damaged and compare and analyze them with the acoustic signals.

8. The photon detection method for the piezoelectric effect of rocks according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 3, after the cover (2) is covered on the base (11), the entire loading table (1) is installed in the middle of the top surface of the support table (31), and the compression device (34) in the middle of the cross plate (33) presses the loading indenter (21).

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