Internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system and a test method thereof, and the system comprises a cylindrical lining model, a counterforce subsystem, a pressurization subsystem and a bearing subsystem; the counterforce subsystem and the pressurization subsystem are arranged in a cylindrical area of the lining model, the counterforce subsystem is used for providing counterforce support for the pressurization subsystem, and the pressurization subsystem is used for applying pressure to the lining model; the pressurizing subsystem comprises a plurality of hydraulic machine main machines installed in the counter-force subsystem and hydraulic oil cylinders correspondingly communicated with the hydraulic machine main machines, the ends of the hydraulic oil cylinders are sleeved with arc-shaped gaskets, and in the pressurizing state, the arc-shaped gaskets are attached to the inner wall of the lining model; a pressure sensor is arranged in a preset area of the lining model; the lining model is placed on the surface of the bearing subsystem, and the bearing subsystem is used for controlling the gravity center of the lining model and the centers of the hydraulic oil cylinders to be located on the same horizontal plane. The invention aims to efficiently simulate the real working condition that the tunnel bears the internal pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground energy storage subsystems, and particularly to an internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system and a test method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in engineering fields such as compressed air energy storage chambers and high internal pressure circular hydraulic tunnels, using large-scale physical model experiments to simulate the loading and failure of underground tunnel linings under high internal pressure conditions is one of the important means to study the safety of underground structures under high internal pressure. However, traditional physical model experiments often use water or gas as the medium to transfer internal pressure. This model poses a severe test to the sealing performance of the experimental equipment. The internal pressure cyclic loading easily accelerates the aging and failure of the sealing rings, resulting in the loss of gas and liquid, affecting the experimental accuracy. And because the experimental environment is mostly at normal temperature conditions, its compression capacity is limited, it is difficult to transfer higher internal pressure, and large-scale model experiments cannot be carried out. At the same time, when the sealing rings age and the reaction force components fail, the device is prone to explosion, threatening the safety of experimental personnel.

[0003] The invention patent with the publication number CN118408822A discloses a fatigue performance test component for the sealing layer of an energy storage chamber under a biaxial stress state. Through the setting of a biaxial tension servo drive component and a self-balanced radial pressure bearing component, servo motors in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction are used to apply forces to the specimen material to simulate the circumferential tensile stress received in the actual working conditions. The setting of the antifriction material is used to simulate that the material is also squeezed by the antifriction material while being squeezed by the liquid in the high-pressure cavity, so as to simulate the stress state during actual working conditions. The setting of the hydraulic cylinder can offset the huge surface pressure received by the specimen material from the high-pressure cavity and realize the radial loading simulation of the sealing material, completely reproducing the stress situation in the cracks embedded when the sealing layer material in the energy storage chamber is subjected to anisotropic action. Although 4 small hydraulic cylinders are used for internal pressure loading to avoid the situation of internal pressure loading leakage, and the stress of the tunnel lining is relatively concentrated during the internal pressure loading process, it cannot truly simulate the real working conditions of the tunnel under internal pressure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main object of the present invention is to provide an internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system and a test method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problem that the existing test system cannot truly simulate the real working conditions of the tunnel under internal pressure.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system, wherein the system includes a cylindrical lining model, a reaction force subsystem, a pressurization subsystem, and a bearing subsystem;

[0006] The reaction force subsystem and the pressurizing subsystem are arranged within the cylindrical region of the lining model. The reaction force subsystem is used to provide reaction force support for the pressurizing subsystem, and the pressurizing subsystem is used to apply pressure to the lining model for a loading test;

[0007] The pressurizing subsystem includes a plurality of hydraulic press main units installed in the reaction force subsystem and hydraulic cylinders corresponding to and communicating with each hydraulic press main unit. An arc-shaped gasket is sleeved at the end of each hydraulic cylinder. Under the pressurized state of the lining model, each arc-shaped gasket is in contact with the inner wall of the lining model;

[0008] Corresponding pressure sensors are arranged in the preset area of the lining model;

[0009] The lining model is placed on the surface of the bearing subsystem, and the bearing subsystem is used to control the center of gravity of the lining model and the centers of each hydraulic cylinder to be on the same horizontal plane.

[0010] Optionally, the height of the bearing subsystem is adjustable.

[0011] Optionally, the radian of each arc-shaped gasket is the same as the radian of the contact area of the inner wall of the lining model.

[0012] Optionally, each arc-shaped gasket is placed on the surface of the bearing subsystem.

[0013] Optionally, each hydraulic cylinder fixes the corresponding arc-shaped gasket through a locking member.

[0014] Optionally, the pressurizing subsystem includes 8 hydraulically actuated cylinders distributed in a ring.

[0015] Optionally, the bearing subsystem includes more than 3 support units. Each support unit includes a support platform and support columns located below the support platform. Each support column is a telescopic structure.

[0016] Optionally, the bearing subsystem includes a certain number of support units.

[0017] Optionally, the reaction force subsystem includes a support frame and a plurality of mounting holes evenly distributed on the support frame. Each mounting hole is used to mount the corresponding hydraulic press main unit of the pressurizing subsystem.

[0018] In addition, to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a test method for the internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system described in any one of the above. The method includes the following steps:

[0019] The test method includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1, install the arc-shaped gaskets required by the experimental plan on the corresponding hydraulic cylinders of the pressurizing subsystem;

[0021] Step 2: Design a lining model according to the requirements of the experimental plan. After assembling the lining model, hoist it onto the load-bearing subsystem, and adjust the height of the load-bearing subsystem so that the center of gravity of the lining model is on the same horizontal plane as the hydraulic cylinder of the pressure-applying subsystem. Stop adjusting the load-bearing subsystem after alignment.

[0022] Step 3: Start operating the pressure-applying system and apply pressure slowly so that the gasket continuously approaches the lining model. Apply a predetermined pressure to the lining model through the pressure-applying system, and adjust the position of the lining model to the center of the load-bearing system so that the lining model can be more evenly compressed on the horizontal plane. Then operate the pressure-applying system and slowly release the pressure until the gasket is in close contact with the lining model and the pressure is less than the initial preset value. Arrange sensors around the lining model according to the experimental plan and check whether the sensors can work normally. If the sensors are normal, prepare to start applying pressure, operate the pressure-applying system, and start applying pressure slowly to collect data during the pressure-applying process.

[0023] Step 4: After the implementation of the test loading plan, unload the pressure until the gasket is separated from the lining model, return the system equipment to its original position, remove the model, export the collected data and process it.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] The internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system of the present invention includes a cylindrical lining model, a reaction force subsystem, a pressure-applying subsystem, and a load-bearing subsystem. Among them, the pressure-applying subsystem is used to apply pressure to the lining model, and the reaction force subsystem is used to provide reaction force support for the pressure-applying subsystem to maintain stable pressure application of the test system. The lining model is placed on the surface of the load-bearing subsystem, and the load-bearing subsystem is used to control the center of gravity of the lining model to be on the same horizontal plane as the centers of each hydraulic cylinder, so that the pressure-applying system can apply pressure to the lining model more evenly. In addition, using a hydraulic cylinder as the internal pressure loading subsystem can achieve a higher pressure loading experiment, and at the same time allows for large-size lining model experiments, which is closer to the actual working conditions. And compared with other internal pressure loading devices using liquid or gas as the direct medium, there is no need to use a sealing device, which helps to improve the overall reliability of the device, reduce the inspection and replacement of easily worn parts, and simplify the experimental process. Description of the Drawings

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a vertical sectional view of the structure shown;

[0029] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a top view of the structure shown.

[0030] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0031] Label Name Label Name 1 Reaction force subsystem 2 Pressurization subsystem 3 Load-bearing subsystem 4 Hydraulic cylinder 5 Arc-shaped gasket 31 Support platform 32 Support column

[0032] The realization, functional features and advantages of the object of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that all directional indications such as up, down... in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture as shown in the accompanying drawings. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0035] In addition, the descriptions such as "first", "second" in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features.

[0036] Moreover, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0037] See Figure 1-3, A structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system is proposed by the present invention. Among them, the system includes a cylindrical lining model 1, a reaction force subsystem 2, a pressure application subsystem, and a bearing subsystem 3. The reaction force subsystem 1 and the pressure application subsystem 2 are arranged in the cylindrical area of the lining model 1. The lining model 1 is placed on the surface of the bearing subsystem 3. The reaction force subsystem 1 is used to provide reaction force support for the pressure application subsystem to keep the test system pressurized stably. The pressure application subsystem is used to apply pressure to the lining model 1 to conduct a loading test.

[0038] Further, the pressure application subsystem includes a plurality of hydraulic press main machines installed in the reaction force subsystem 2 and hydraulic cylinders 4 corresponding to and communicating with each hydraulic press main machine. An arc-shaped gasket 5 is sleeved at the end of each hydraulic cylinder 4. The structures and sizes of the hydraulic cylinders 4 are basically the same. When the lining model 1 is in a pressurized state, the hydraulic cylinders 4 are loaded synchronously and the arc-shaped gaskets 5 are attached to the inner wall of the lining model 1. And corresponding pressure sensors are arranged in the preset area of the lining model 1 to detect the pressure change during the pressurization process. Preferably, the sizes of the arc-shaped gaskets 5 can be adjusted according to actual needs. Among them, using hydraulic cylinders as the internal pressure loading subsystem can achieve higher pressure loading experiments, and at the same time allow large-size lining model experiments, which is closer to the actual working conditions. And compared with other internal pressure loading devices using liquid or gas as the direct medium, there is no need to use a sealing device, which helps to improve the overall reliability of the device, reduce the inspection and replacement of vulnerable parts, and simplify the experimental process.

[0039] Further, the bearing subsystem 3 is used to control the center of gravity of the lining model 1 and the centers of the hydraulic cylinders 4 to be on the same horizontal plane. Furthermore, the height of the bearing subsystem 3 is adjustable. Specifically, the bearing subsystem 3 includes more than 3 support units. Each support unit includes a support platform 31 and a support column 32 located below the support platform 31. Each support column 32 is a telescopic structure. Preferably, a corresponding hydraulic press is arranged inside each support column 32. Then, the lifting height of the bearing subsystem 3 is controlled by the hydraulic press. More preferably, a plurality of support platforms 31 can also be integrated into an annular structure, and the connected hydraulic presses will also be integrated into centralized control, which is convenient for bearing the cylindrical lining model 1.

[0040] Further, the radian of each arc-shaped gasket 5 is the same as the radian of the contact area of the inner wall of the lining model 1. The purpose is to ensure that each arc-shaped gasket 5 is closely attached to the inner wall of the lining model 1, so that the stress borne by the lining model 1 is more uniform.

[0041] Further, as Figure 2 shown, each arc-shaped gasket 5 is placed on the surface of the bearing subsystem 3.

[0042] Further, in order to strengthen the fixing effect of the arc-shaped gasket 5, each hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixed to the corresponding arc-shaped gasket 5 through a locking member.

[0043] Further, as Figure 3 shown, the pressurizing subsystem includes 8 hydraulically actuated cylinders 4 distributed in a ring. And the load-bearing subsystem 3 includes 4 support units.

[0044] Further, the reaction force subsystem 2 includes a support frame and a plurality of mounting holes evenly distributed on the support frame. Each mounting hole is used to mount the corresponding hydraulic press main unit of the pressurizing subsystem. Thereby strengthening the fixing effect on the pressurizing subsystem through the mounting holes; at the same time, each hydraulic press main unit is also electrically connected to an external operating system, thereby realizing the intelligent control of the pressurizing subsystem, and in the load-bearing subsystem 3. Preferably, the number of each mounting hole can be adjusted according to the number of hydraulic press main units, and the number of hydraulic press main units required depends on the number of hydraulically actuated cylinders 4 connected, and the number of hydraulically actuated cylinders 4 is determined according to the size of the simulated lining model 1. In Figure 1-3 the embodiment shown, 8 hydraulically actuated cylinders 4 are provided. In actual application, the number can be increased or decreased accordingly according to requirements.

[0045] Further, as Figure 2 shown, the reaction force subsystem 2 and the load-bearing subsystem 3 are both arranged on the same plane, thereby facilitating the center of gravity of the control lining model 1 and the centers of each hydraulically actuated cylinder 4 to be on the same horizontal plane.

[0046] In the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can adopt the prior art for software control. The present invention only protects the structure of an internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system and the mutual connection relationship.

[0047] Further, in order to better illustrate the structure of the test system of the present invention, the following will specifically illustrate through specific test method steps.

[0048] S1: Gasket installation

[0049] Operate the pressurizing system to reset the 8 hydraulically actuated cylinders of the pressurizing system. Prepare 8 groups of gaskets of corresponding sizes according to the lining model to be experimented, install the 8 groups of gaskets on the corresponding hydraulic columns of the pressurizing system respectively, and fix the gaskets on the hydraulic press main unit through the locking system.

[0050] S2: Lining model installation

[0051] According to the lining model of the test preparation chamber, it is planned to design the outer diameter of the lining to be 800 mm and the inner diameter to be 740 mm. After assembling the lining model, it is hoisted onto the loading system. By adjusting the height of the hydraulic cylinder of the loading system, the center of gravity of the lining model is made to be on the same horizontal plane as the center of the hydraulic cylinder of the pressurizing system. After alignment, stop adjusting the loading system and fix the height of its corresponding cylinder.

[0052] S3: Sensor layout

[0053] Operate the pressurizing system and slowly pressurize it to make the gasket continuously approach the lining model. Apply a predetermined pressure to the lining model through the pressurizing system, adjust the position of the lining model to the center of the loading system, so that the lining model can be more evenly pressurized on the horizontal plane. Operate the pressurizing system and slowly release the pressure until the gasket is in close contact with the lining model but the pressure is less than the starting preset value. Layout sensors around the lining model according to the experimental plan, check whether the sensors can work normally. If the sensors are normal, prepare to start pressurizing.

[0054] S4: Start the experiment and pressurize

[0055] The operator evacuates to a safe position. Operate the pressurizing system and start to slowly pressurize.

[0056] S5: Release the pressure and collect data

[0057] After the implementation of the test loading plan, unload the pressure until the gasket is separated from the lining model, return the system equipment to its original position, and remove the model. Export and process the collected data.

[0058] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the inventive concept of the present invention by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or any direct / indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system, characterized in that, The system includes a cylindrical lining model (1), a reaction force subsystem (2), a pressurizing subsystem, and a bearing subsystem (3); The reaction force subsystem (1) and the pressurizing subsystem (2) are arranged in the cylindrical area of the lining model (1). The reaction force subsystem (1) is used to provide reaction force support for the pressurizing subsystem, and the pressurizing subsystem is used to apply pressure to the lining model (1) to conduct a loading test; The pressurizing subsystem includes a plurality of hydraulic press main engines installed in the reaction force subsystem (2) and hydraulic cylinders (4) corresponding to and communicating with each hydraulic press main engine. An arc-shaped gasket (5) is sleeved at the end of each hydraulic cylinder (4). When the lining model (1) is in a pressurized state, each arc-shaped gasket (5) is attached to the inner wall of the lining model (1); Corresponding pressure sensors are arranged in the preset area of the lining model (1); The lining model (1) is placed on the surface of the bearing subsystem (3), and the bearing subsystem (3) is used to control the center of gravity of the lining model (1) to be on the same horizontal plane as the centers of the hydraulic cylinders (4); 2. The internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system according to claim 1, wherein, The height of the bearing subsystem (3) is adjustable; 3. The internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system according to claim 1, wherein The radian of each arc-shaped gasket (5) is the same as the radian of the contact area of the inner wall of the lining model (1); 4. The internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system according to claim 1, characterized in that Each arc-shaped gasket (5) is placed on the surface of the bearing subsystem (3); 5. The internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system according to claim 1, wherein Each hydraulic cylinder (4) fixes the corresponding arc-shaped gasket (5) through a locking member; 6. The internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The pressurizing subsystem includes 8 hydraulic cylinders (4) distributed in a ring; 7. The internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bearing subsystem (3) includes more than 3 support units. Each support unit includes a support platform (31) and a support column (32) located below the support platform (31). Each support column (32) is a telescopic structure; 8. The internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system according to claim 7, characterized in that The bearing subsystem (3) includes 4 support units; 9. The internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system according to claim 6, characterized in that The reaction force subsystem (2) includes a support frame and a plurality of mounting holes evenly distributed on the support frame. Each mounting hole is used to mount the corresponding hydraulic press main engine of the pressurizing subsystem. Each hydraulic press main engine is also electrically connected to an external operation pressurizing system; 10. A test method for the internal pressure type tunnel lining loading test system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The test method includes the following steps: Step 1, install the arc-shaped gaskets required by the experimental plan on the corresponding hydraulic cylinders of the pressurizing subsystem; Step 2, design the lining model according to the requirements of the experimental plan. After the lining model is assembled, hoist it onto the bearing subsystem, and adjust the height of the bearing subsystem so that the center of gravity of the lining model is on the same horizontal plane as the hydraulic cylinders of the pressurizing subsystem. Stop adjusting the bearing subsystem after alignment; Step 3, start the operation pressurizing system, slowly pressurize, so that the gaskets continuously approach the lining model, and apply a predetermined pressure to the lining model through the pressurizing system. Adjust the position of the lining model to the center of the bearing system so that the lining model can be more evenly pressurized on the horizontal plane. Then operate the pressurizing system, slowly release the pressure until the gaskets are closely attached to the lining model and the pressure is less than the initial preset value, and arrange sensors around the lining model according to the experimental plan to check whether the sensors can work normally. If the sensors are normal, prepare to start pressurizing, operate the pressurizing system, and start slowly pressurizing to collect data during the pressurizing process; Step 4, after the implementation of the test loading scheme, unload the pressure until the gasket is separated from the lining model, reset the system equipment, remove the model, export the collected data and process it.

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