Shear wall test device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a shear wall test device and method. Relates to the technical field of steel structure and concrete structure tests. One end of the horizontal loading device is connected with the outer side of the vertical short edge of the L-shaped beam, and the horizontal loading device can apply a horizontal load to the shear wall through the L-shaped beam; the vertical loading devices are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the shear wall, the tops of the vertical loading devices are connected with the bottoms of the horizontal long edges of the L-shaped beams, and vertical loads can be applied to the shear wall through the L-shaped beams. The shear wall test device and method provided by the invention can be used for carrying out a bending shear test and a flat shear test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steel structure and concrete structure tests, and particularly to a shear wall test device and method. Background Technique

[0002] Shear wall tests usually have two working conditions: flexure-shear and plane-shear. For these two working conditions, horizontal and vertical loading on the wall need to be carried out simultaneously, and actuators are usually used as loading components. In the flexure-shear working condition test, a vertical constant load is applied to the wall, and a low-cycle reciprocating load is applied horizontally. During the test process, the wall is allowed to rotate. In the plane-shear working condition test, a low-cycle reciprocating load is applied horizontally, and it is required that the wall only undergoes translation during the test process. Due to the different requirements of the flexure-shear test and the plane-shear test, the current test devices can only perform the flexure-shear test or the plane-shear test of the shear wall, and cannot meet the function that a test device can perform both the flexure-shear test and the plane-shear test. Therefore, it is urgent to design a technical solution that can perform both the flexure-shear test and the plane-shear test. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shear wall test device and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and it can perform both the flexure-shear test and the plane-shear test.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a shear wall test device, including: an L-shaped beam, the bottom of its horizontal long side is fixedly connected to the top of the shear wall; a horizontal loading device, one end of which is connected to the outer side of the vertical short side of the L-shaped beam, and can apply a horizontal load to the shear wall through the L-shaped beam; a vertical loading device, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the shear wall, and the top of the vertical loading device is connected to the bottom of the horizontal long side of the L-shaped beam, and can apply a vertical load to the shear wall through the L-shaped beam. When performing the flexure-shear test of the present invention, start the horizontal loading device to apply a horizontal low-cycle reciprocating load, start the two vertical loading devices to apply a vertical constant load, control the resultant force of the two vertical loading devices to be a constant, and adjust the displacement change amounts of the two vertical loading devices to be different to achieve the flexure-shear test of the shear wall; when performing the plane-shear test, start the horizontal loading device to apply a horizontal low-cycle reciprocating load, start the two vertical loading devices to apply a vertical constant load, control the resultant force of the two vertical loading devices to be a constant, and adjust the displacement change amounts of the two vertical loading devices to be the same to achieve the plane-shear test of the shear wall, so that both the flexure-shear test and the plane-shear test can be performed. For the plane-shear test, the deflection amount of the shear wall is only the tensile amount caused by the load difference between the two vertical loading devices, which can basically be ignored, reducing the error during the plane-shear test.

[0005] Preferably, the end of the horizontal loading device away from the L-shaped beam is installed on one side of the reaction wall through a reaction wall connecting plate.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the vertical loading device is connected to the reaction foundation through a height adjustment device; the bottom of the shear wall is fixed to the reaction foundation.

[0007] Preferably, the height adjustment device includes a plurality of vertically stacked vertical space adjustment blocks. The bottom of the vertical loading device is connected to the vertical space adjustment block at the topmost position, and the number of vertical space adjustment blocks between the vertical loading device and the reaction foundation can be adjusted.

[0008] Preferably, a vertical guide rail is fixedly provided on the reaction wall connecting plate. One side of the reaction wall connecting plate is fixedly connected to the horizontal loading device, and the other side is slidably arranged on the vertical guide rail; a vertical track is provided on one side of the vertical short side of the L-shaped beam, and the end of the horizontal loading device away from the reaction wall connecting plate is slidably connected to the vertical track through a slider.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes a linear guide rail sliding device. The top of the vertical loading device is slidably connected to the bottom of the horizontal long side of the L-shaped beam through the linear guide rail sliding device.

[0010] Preferably, the linear guide rail sliding device includes a fixed plate and a sliding plate. The fixed plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal long side of the L-shaped beam, the bottom of the sliding plate is connected to the vertical loading device, and the top of the sliding plate is slidably connected to the fixed plate.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical loading device is a vertical loading actuator. By adding vertical space adjustment blocks with different heights and different quantities, the loading space of the specimen can be adjusted in stages. One end of the two vertical loading actuators of the present invention is connected to the vertical space adjustment block, and the other end is connected to the linear guide rail sliding device. By controlling the resultant force of the two vertical loading actuators to be a constant through software, the bending-shear test of the shear wall can be realized. By controlling the resultant force of the two vertical loading actuators to be a constant through software and simultaneously adjusting the displacements of the pistons of the two vertical loading actuators to extend equally, the plane-shear test of the wall can be realized.

[0012] Preferably, the horizontal loading device is a horizontal loading actuator. The vertical loading actuator and the horizontal loading actuator are respectively connected to the hydraulic system through hydraulic pipelines. A servo valve is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline. Through the existing mature software, the working state of the hydraulic system and the servo valve can be controlled. Furthermore, the loading loads and the telescopic displacement amounts of one horizontal loading actuator and two vertical loading actuators can be flexibly adjusted, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the load applied to the shear wall and restricting the translation or rotation of the shear wall. In order to adjust the position of the horizontal loading actuator, one end of the horizontal loading actuator away from the L-shaped beam is installed on one side of the reaction wall through a reaction wall connecting plate. A number of standard T-shaped grooves are machined on the reaction wall connecting plate. A slider is slidably arranged in the T-shaped groove. The slider is used for hinged connection with one end of the horizontal loading actuator, and the loading height of the horizontal loading actuator can be adjusted steplessly.

[0013] The present invention also provides a shear wall test method, which includes the following steps: During the bending-shear test, start the horizontal loading device to apply a horizontal low-cycle reciprocating load, start the two vertical loading devices to apply a vertical constant load, control the resultant force of the two vertical loading devices to be a constant, and adjust the displacement change amounts of the two vertical loading devices to be different, so as to achieve the bending-shear test of the shear wall; During the plane-shear test, start the horizontal loading device to apply a horizontal low-cycle reciprocating load, start the two vertical loading devices to apply a vertical constant load, control the resultant force of the two vertical loading devices to be a constant, and adjust the displacement change amounts of the two vertical loading devices to be the same, so as to achieve the plane-shear test of the shear wall.

[0014] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art: During the shear test of the present invention, start the horizontal loading device to apply a horizontal low-cycle reciprocating load, start the two vertical loading devices to apply a vertical constant load, control the resultant force of the two vertical loading devices to be a constant, and adjust the displacement change amounts of the two vertical loading devices to be different, so as to achieve the bending-shear test of the shear wall; during the plane-shear test, start the horizontal loading device to apply a horizontal low-cycle reciprocating load, start the two vertical loading devices to apply a vertical constant load, control the resultant force of the two vertical loading devices to be a constant, and adjust the displacement change amounts of the two vertical loading devices to be the same, so as to achieve the plane-shear test of the shear wall. Thus, both the bending-shear test and the plane-shear test can be carried out. For the plane-shear test, the deflection amount of the shear wall is only the tensile amount caused by the load difference between the two vertical loading devices, which can basically be ignored, reducing the error during the plane-shear test. The device of the present invention has a small cross-sectional size and a simple structure, bringing great convenience to the user for installing the specimen. Description of the Drawings

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the principle of the shear wall test device in one or some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the shear wall test device in one or some embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1 - reaction wall connecting plate, 2 - horizontal loading actuator, 3 - L-shaped beam, 4 - linear guide sliding device, 5 - vertical loading actuator, 6 - vertical space adjustment block, 7 - shear wall, 8 - reaction foundation, 9 - reaction wall. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shear wall test device and method to solve the problems existing in the above prior art, which can perform both flexure-shear tests and plane-shear tests.

[0020] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0021] In the existing flexure-shear test device, a vertical constant load is applied to the wall, and a low-cycle reciprocating load is applied horizontally. During the test, the wall is allowed to rotate; for plane-shear tests, the Jianyan type loading device (commonly known as the four-bar mechanism) is mostly used to restrict the rotation of the wall to ensure that the wall only undergoes translation when subjected to a horizontal low-cycle reciprocating load during the test. Although the Jianyan type loading device can theoretically also perform flexure-shear tests, when performing flexure-shear tests, it is necessary to disconnect the link mechanism from the L-beam, which is a large amount of work and cumbersome. Therefore, generally, the Jianyan type loading device is not used for flexure-shear tests, and the Jianyan type loading device is only used for plane-shear tests. These two common test devices are only limited to flexure-shear test conditions or plane-shear test conditions. To solve this problem, the present invention provides a shear wall test device, referring to Att Figure 1 and Att Figure 2As shown in the figure, it includes an L-shaped beam 3, the bottom of the horizontal long side of which is fixedly connected to the top of the shear wall 7; one end of the horizontal loading device is connected to the outer side of the vertical short side of the L-shaped beam 3, and can apply a horizontal load to the shear wall 7 through the L-shaped beam 3; the vertical loading devices are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the shear wall 7, and the top of the vertical loading devices is connected to the bottom of the horizontal long side of the L-shaped beam 3, and can apply a vertical load to the shear wall 7 through the L-shaped beam 3; the L-shaped beam 3 serves as a carrier for transmitting horizontal and vertical loads during the test process, and transmits the loads to the shear wall 7. Since both the bending-shear and plane-shear conditions require applying a horizontal low-cycle reciprocating load and a vertical constant load to the wall specimen simultaneously. In the bending-shear condition experiment, the wall is allowed to rotate when subjected to a horizontal force load during the test; the plane-shear condition requires that the wall only undergoes translation during the test. Based on this theoretical basis, during the shear test of the present invention, the horizontal loading device is started to apply a horizontal low-cycle reciprocating load, and two vertical loading devices are started to apply a vertical constant load, controlling the resultant force of the two vertical loading devices to be a constant, and adjusting the displacement change amounts of the two vertical loading devices to be different, to achieve the bending-shear test of the shear wall 7; during the plane-shear test, the horizontal loading device is started to apply a horizontal low-cycle reciprocating load, and two vertical loading devices are started to apply a vertical constant load, controlling the resultant force of the two vertical loading devices to be a constant, and adjusting the displacement change amounts of the two vertical loading devices to be the same, to achieve the plane-shear test of the shear wall 7, so that both the bending-shear test and the plane-shear test can be carried out. For the plane-shear test, the deflection amount of the shear wall 7 is only the tensile amount caused by the load difference between the two vertical loading devices, which can basically be ignored, reducing the error during the plane-shear test.

[0022] In one embodiment, in order to achieve more precise control, the vertical loading device in this embodiment uses a vertical loading actuator 5, and the horizontal loading device uses a horizontal loading actuator 2. The vertical loading actuator 5 and the horizontal loading actuator 2 are respectively connected to the hydraulic system through hydraulic pipelines. The specific structure of the hydraulic system is not limited. It can provide the required hydraulic oil for the corresponding loading actuators, which belongs to the mature prior art, so it will not be elaborated here. A servo valve is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline. Through the mature and existing software built in the control system, the working states of the hydraulic system and the servo valve can be controlled, and further, the loading loads and the telescopic displacement amounts of one horizontal loading actuator 2 and two vertical loading actuators 5 can be flexibly adjusted, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the load magnitude applied to the shear wall 7 and restricting the translation or rotation of the shear wall 7 in sequence.

[0023] The present invention uses a general actuator as a loading component, in cooperation with an L-shaped loading beam and a linear guide sliding device. By controlling the operation of the servo valve in the hydraulic system through software, the test force (load) and displacement of the actuator are controlled to achieve the control of the load applied to the wall and the restriction of the translation or rotation of the wall. Since the main components all adopt modular design and general components, the whole device has good interchangeability and convenience in adjusting the specimen space. The L-shaped loading beam can adopt an integrally formed structure. For example, by presetting an L-shaped steel bar frame and then pouring concrete on the steel bar frame to form an integral L-shaped loading beam structure. In other embodiments, the L-shaped loading beam can also adopt an assembled structure. For example, a longer rectangular plate structure and a shorter rectangular plate structure can be respectively fabricated, and then the two rectangular plate structures are arranged vertically, and one end of the longer rectangular plate structure is riveted and fixed to one end of the shorter rectangular plate structure with bolts or steel bars to form an L-shaped loading beam. In order to improve the bearing capacity of the L-shaped loading beam, in one embodiment, reinforcing ribs can be arranged inside the L-shaped loading beam, and a reinforcing rib plate can be arranged at the connection position of the long side and the short side of the L-shaped loading beam.

[0024] In one embodiment, in order to realize the adjustment of the position of the horizontal loading actuator 2, in this embodiment, the end of the horizontal loading actuator 2 far from the L-shaped beam 3 is installed on one side of the reaction wall 9 through the reaction wall connecting plate 1. A number of standard T-shaped grooves are machined on the reaction wall connecting plate 1. A slider is slidably arranged in the T-shaped groove, and the slider is used for hinged connection with one end of the horizontal loading actuator 2, which can realize the stepless adjustment of the loading height of the horizontal loading actuator 2. In order to make the adjusted horizontal loading actuator 2 still remain horizontal, in this embodiment, a vertical track is arranged on one side of the vertical short side of the L-shaped beam 3. The end of the horizontal loading device far from the reaction wall connecting plate 1 is slidably connected to the vertical track through the slider, so as to realize the synchronous up-and-down adjustment of both ends of the horizontal loading actuator 2, and a existing locking device, such as a lock or a locking rod, etc., can be arranged on one side of the slider. After adjusting the outer wall, the position of the horizontal loading device can be fixed through the locking device to prevent it from sliding up and down.

[0025] In another embodiment, the T-shaped groove can be replaced with other structures. For example, a vertical guide rail is fixedly arranged on the reaction wall connecting plate 1. One side of the reaction wall connecting plate 1 is fixedly connected to the horizontal loading device, and the other side is slidably arranged on the vertical guide rail, and the purpose of the stepless adjustment of the loading height of the horizontal loading actuator 2 can still be realized.

[0026] In one embodiment, the bottom of the vertical loading actuator 5 is connected to the reaction foundation 8 through a height adjustment device; the bottom of the shear wall 7 is fixed to the reaction foundation 8. The specific structure of the height adjustment device is not limited as long as it can adjust the height of the corresponding vertical loading actuator 5. In order to simplify the structure in this embodiment, the height adjustment device adopts a plurality of vertically stacked vertical space adjustment blocks 6 in sequence. The bottom of the vertical loading device is connected to the vertical space adjustment block 6 at the topmost position, and the number of vertical space adjustment blocks 6 between the vertical loading device and the reaction foundation 8 can be adjusted. Specifically, the lower horizontal plane of the vertical space adjustment block is connected to the reaction foundation 8, and the upper horizontal plane is connected to the rear end of the vertical loading actuator 5. By increasing the vertical space adjustment blocks 6 with different heights and different numbers, the specimen loading space can be adjusted in stages. One end of the two vertical loading actuators 5 in this embodiment is connected to the vertical space adjustment block 6, and the other end is connected to the linear guide sliding device 4. By controlling the resultant force of the two vertical loading actuators 5 to be a constant through software, the bending-shear test of the shear wall 7 can be realized. By controlling the resultant force of the two vertical loading actuators 5 to be a constant through software and simultaneously adjusting the displacements of the pistons of the two vertical loading actuators 5 to be equal, the plane-shear test of the shear wall can be realized.

[0027] In one embodiment, a linear guide sliding device 4 is designed. The top of the vertical loading device is slidably connected to the bottom of the horizontal long side of the L-shaped beam 3 through the linear guide sliding device 4. The linear guide sliding device 4 ensures that the L-shaped beam 3 can slide horizontally during the test, and the sliding coefficient is extremely small, greatly reducing the influence of the vertical load on the horizontal force. The specific structure of the linear guide sliding device 4 is not limited. It can adopt a structure of a slide rail and a slider, or a structure of a slide groove and a slider. In this embodiment, the linear guide sliding device 4 includes a fixed plate and a sliding plate. The fixed plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal long side of the L-shaped beam 3, the bottom of the sliding plate is connected to the vertical loading device, and the top of the sliding plate is slidably connected to the fixed plate.

[0028] The present invention also provides a test method for the shear wall 7, including the following steps: During the flexure-shear test, start the horizontal loading device to apply a horizontal cyclic load, start two vertical loading devices to apply a vertical constant load, control the resultant force of the two vertical loading devices to be a constant, and adjust the displacement change amounts of the two vertical loading devices to be different to achieve the flexure-shear test of shear wall 7; during the plane-shear test, start the horizontal loading device to apply a horizontal cyclic load, start two vertical loading devices to apply a vertical constant load, control the resultant force of the two vertical loading devices to be a constant, and adjust the displacement change amounts of the two vertical loading devices to be the same to achieve the plane-shear test of shear wall 7. The present invention can simultaneously meet the test conditions of the flexure-shear working condition and the plane-shear working condition. The device has a simple structure, and the main components used are all general-purpose actuators, which is convenient for assembling using the existing laboratory equipment and effectively improves the utilization rate of the existing laboratory equipment. A large number of mechanical components are replaced by general-purpose components (vertical loading actuators), and a large amount of materials are effectively saved in terms of lightweight design. For the plane-shear working condition test, the deflection amount of shear wall 7 is only the tensile amount caused by the load difference between the two vertical loading actuators 5, which can basically be ignored, effectively improving the mechanical clearance and stiffness problems of the Jianyan loading device.

[0029] In the present invention, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A shear wall test device, characterized in that: Comprising: An L-shaped beam, the bottom of whose horizontal long side is fixedly connected to the top of the shear wall; A horizontal loading device, one end of which is connected to the outer side of the vertical short side of the L-shaped beam, and which can apply a horizontal load to the shear wall through the L-shaped beam; Vertical loading devices, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the shear wall, and the top of the vertical loading devices is connected to the bottom of the horizontal long side of the L-shaped beam, and can apply a vertical load to the shear wall through the L-shaped beam.

2. The shear wall test device according to claim 1, wherein: The end of the horizontal loading device away from the L-shaped beam is installed on one side of the reaction wall through a reaction wall connecting plate.

3. The shear wall test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the vertical loading device is connected to the reaction foundation through a height adjustment device; the bottom of the shear wall is fixed to the reaction foundation.

4. The shear wall test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height adjustment device includes a plurality of vertically stacked vertical space adjustment blocks. The bottom of the vertical loading device is connected to the vertical space adjustment block at the topmost position, and the number of vertical space adjustment blocks between the vertical loading device and the reaction foundation can be adjusted.

5. The shear wall test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A vertical guide rail is fixedly provided on the reaction wall connecting plate. One side of the reaction wall connecting plate is fixedly connected to the horizontal loading device, and the other side is slidably arranged on the vertical guide rail; a vertical track is provided on one side of the vertical short side of the L-shaped beam, and the end of the horizontal loading device away from the reaction wall connecting plate is slidably connected to the vertical track through a slider.

6. The shear wall test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a linear guide rail sliding device, and the top of the vertical loading device is slidably connected to the bottom of the horizontal long side of the L-shaped beam through the linear guide rail sliding device.

7. The shear wall test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linear guide rail sliding device includes a fixing plate and a sliding plate. The fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal long side of the L-shaped beam, the bottom of the sliding plate is connected to the vertical loading device, and the top of the sliding plate is slidably connected to the fixing plate.

8. The shear wall test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical loading device is a vertical loading actuator.

9. The shear wall test device according to claim 1, wherein: The horizontal loading device is a horizontal loading actuator.

10. A shear wall test method, characterized in that: Including the following steps: During the flexure-shear test, start the horizontal loading device to apply a horizontal low-cycle reciprocating load, start the two vertical loading devices to apply a vertical constant load, control the resultant force of the two vertical loading devices to be a constant, and adjust the displacement change amounts of the two vertical loading devices to be different to achieve the flexure-shear test of the shear wall; During the plane-shear test, start the horizontal loading device to apply a horizontal low-cycle reciprocating load, start the two vertical loading devices to apply a vertical constant load, control the resultant force of the two vertical loading devices to be a constant, and adjust the displacement change amounts of the two vertical loading devices to be the same to achieve the plane-shear test of the shear wall.

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