Enterprise energy-saving greening potential evaluation method and system based on carbon deal tax

Abstract

The invention discloses an enterprise energy-saving greening potential evaluation method and system based on carbon tax. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an energy consumption index, a unit output value energy consumption index, an energy structure index, a total carbon emission index, a unit output value carbon emission index, a carbon tax cost index and a unit output value carbon tax index of each enterprise; determining an enterprise energy-saving green-increasing potential internal evaluation index and an enterprise energy-saving green-increasing potential external evaluation index; calculating the sum F (m-1), F (m-2),..., F (1) and F (0) of the enterprise energy-saving greening potential internal evaluation index and the enterprise energy-saving greening potential external evaluation index in m evaluation periods before the to-be-evaluated period T (m); when F (m-1) is greater than gt; and when F (0), the average value of the sum of the enterprise energy-saving greening potential internal evaluation index and the enterprise energy-saving greening potential external evaluation index in the m evaluation periods is used as the enterprise energy-saving greening potential score in the to-be-evaluated period, which is more in line with the actual situation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation. Specifically, it relates to a method and system for evaluating the energy-saving and greening potential of enterprises based on carbon tariffs, and analyzes and evaluates the energy-saving and greening potential of export-oriented enterprises under carbon tariffs. Background Art

[0002] The carbon border adjustment mechanism brings new challenges and higher requirements for energy conservation and greening to export-oriented enterprises in China. Analyzing the energy-saving and greening potential of export-oriented enterprises plays a very important role in improving enterprise energy efficiency, reducing enterprise carbon emissions, and coping with the carbon border adjustment mechanism.

[0003] With the gradual implementation of the carbon border adjustment mechanism, export-oriented enterprises in China are urgently required to strengthen their energy efficiency and carbon efficiency levels to enhance their position in international competition. On the other hand, these enterprises not only face the challenge of increasingly strict global environmental protection standards but also need to meet the requirements of the domestic "dual-carbon" development goal, that is, to achieve a double reduction in carbon emissions. The formulation of the carbon reduction development strategy of export-oriented enterprises is closely related to their energy-saving and greening potential. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the energy-saving and greening potential of export-oriented enterprises to guide enterprises in formulating carbon reduction strategies.

[0004] In the prior art, in order to fully explore the energy-saving and greening potential of export-oriented enterprises under the new background of carbon tariffs, enterprise departments need to comprehensively consider the influence of various factors such as technology and policies. The commonly used factor comparison analysis method evaluates the energy-saving potential by comparing the energy consumption factor with the corresponding comparison benchmark to obtain the difference. However, currently, most of the analysis methods for the energy-saving and greening potential of enterprises only consider the influence of energy efficiency and rarely pay attention to the influence of carbon efficiency on the energy-saving and greening potential. At the same time, the existing energy-saving and greening potential evaluation models lack the consideration of carbon tariff factors and cannot analyze the potential changes brought by carbon tariffs to export-oriented enterprises. The lack of an evaluation model and method for the energy-saving and carbon reduction potential of enterprises based on energy efficiency and carbon efficiency and the consideration of carbon tariff factors makes the evaluation results deviate greatly from the actual situation.

[0005] In addition, the current analysis of the energy-saving and greening potential of enterprises mostly uses an incomplete evaluation index system and lacks scientific and reasonable principles and bases. Therefore, in order to guide enterprises to achieve sustainable development, it is necessary to establish a complete, comprehensive, accurate, and operable evaluation index system to ensure that the evaluation results of the energy-saving and carbon reduction potential of export-oriented enterprises under carbon tariffs are more scientific and reasonable. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the deficiencies in the existing technologies, the present invention provides a method and system for evaluating the energy-saving and greening potential of enterprises based on carbon tariffs. Centering on energy efficiency and carbon efficiency and considering carbon tariff factors, a set of evaluation indicators reflecting the energy consumption level and carbon emission level of enterprise users are used to form an evaluation index system for energy-saving and greening potential, and the calculation of quantitative indicators in the evaluation index system is realized.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0008] The present invention proposes a method for evaluating the energy-saving and greening potential of enterprises based on carbon tariffs, including:

[0009] Collect the total amount of various energy consumptions during the production process of the enterprise to determine the energy consumption index, use the enterprise output value and the energy consumption index to determine the energy consumption per unit output value index, and collect the proportion of green electricity purchased by the enterprise to determine the energy structure index;

[0010] Collect the total direct carbon emissions and total indirect carbon emissions during the production process of the enterprise to form the total carbon emissions index, use the enterprise output value and the total carbon emissions index to determine the carbon emissions per unit output value index, collect the total amount of carbon tariffs levied on the enterprise as the carbon tariff cost index, and use the enterprise output value and the carbon tariff cost index to determine the carbon tariff per unit output value index;

[0011] For the energy consumption index, energy consumption per unit output value index, energy structure index, total carbon emissions index, carbon emissions per unit output value index, carbon tariff cost index, and carbon tariff per unit output value index of each enterprise, the membership degree method is used to determine the score of each index and the entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of each index; obtain the sum of the Spearman rank correlation coefficients between any one index and the remaining indexes to first correct the weight of each index; use the weighted sum of the score of each index and the first corrected weight of each index as the internal evaluation index of the energy-saving and greening potential of the enterprise;

[0012] Cluster the energy consumption index, energy consumption per unit output value index, energy structure index, total carbon emissions index, carbon emissions per unit output value index, carbon tariff cost index, and carbon tariff per unit output value index of multiple enterprises, and the same index of each enterprise corresponds to the same cluster; obtain the sum of the distances between the various indexes of any enterprise and the corresponding cluster center to second correct the weight of each index; use the weighted sum of the score of each index and the second corrected weight of each index as the external evaluation index of the energy-saving and greening potential of the enterprise;

[0013] Calculate the sums F(m - 1), F(m - 2), ……, F(1), F(0) of the internal evaluation indicators and external evaluation indicators of the enterprise's energy-saving and greening potential in the m evaluation cycles T(m - 1), T(m - 2), ……, T(1), T(0) before the evaluation cycle T(m) to be evaluated; when F(m - 1) > F(0), use the average value of the sums of the internal evaluation indicators and external evaluation indicators of the enterprise's energy-saving and greening potential in the m evaluation cycles as the score of the enterprise's energy-saving and greening potential in the evaluation cycle to be evaluated.

[0014] Preferably, the energy consumption index satisfies the following relational expression:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, C i is the consumption of the i-th type of energy in the production process, K i is the standard coal conversion coefficient of the i-th type of energy, and n is the total number of energy types in the production process.

[0017] Preferably, the energy consumption per unit output value index satisfies the following relational expression:

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, e s is the energy consumption per unit output value index, and S is the enterprise output value.

[0020] Preferably, the total carbon emission index satisfies the following relational expression:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, C is the total carbon emission index, E i is the energy consumption of the i-th type of energy, V i is the lower calorific value of the i-th type of energy, R i is the carbon content per unit calorific value of the i-th type of energy, O i is the carbon oxidation rate of the i-th type of energy, E e is the electricity consumption, F e is the annual average electricity emission factor of the regional power grid.

[0023] Preferably, the carbon emission per unit output value index satisfies the following relational expression:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, c s is the carbon emission per unit output value index, and S is the enterprise output value.

[0026] Preferably, the carbon tariff cost index satisfies the following relational expression:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, R is the carbon tariff cost volume index, and P b is the carbon tariff price for direct carbon emissions, and P e is the carbon tariff price for indirect carbon emissions.

[0029] Preferably, the carbon tariff index per unit output value satisfies the following relational expression:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, R p is the carbon tariff index per unit output value, and S is the enterprise output value.

[0032] Preferably, the weight of the j-th index after the first correction satisfies the following relational expression:

[0033]

[0034] In the formula, w j , w' j are respectively the weight of the j-th index and the weight of the j-th index after the first correction, and λ jk is the Spearman rank correlation coefficient between the j-th index and the k-th index.

[0035] Preferably, the weight of the j-th index after the second correction satisfies the following relational expression:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, w j , w' j ' are respectively the weight of the j-th index and the weight of the j-th index after the second correction, and d j is the distance between the j-th index and the corresponding cluster center.

[0038] The present invention also proposes an evaluation system for the energy-saving and greening potential of enterprises based on carbon tariffs, including:

[0039] An index system establishment module, configured to collect the total amount of various energy consumptions in the enterprise production process to determine the energy consumption index, use the enterprise output value and the energy consumption index to determine the energy consumption per unit output value index, and collect the proportion of green power purchased by the enterprise to determine the energy structure index; collect the total amount of direct carbon emissions and the total amount of indirect carbon emissions in the enterprise production process to form the total carbon emissions index, use the enterprise output value and the total carbon emissions index to determine the carbon emissions per unit output value index, collect the total amount of carbon tariffs levied on the enterprise as the carbon tariff cost volume index, and use the enterprise output value and the carbon tariff cost volume index to determine the carbon tariff index per unit output value;

[0040] An internal evaluation module, which is used to determine the scores of each index by the membership degree method and determine the weights of each index by the entropy weight method for the energy consumption index, energy consumption per unit output value index, energy structure index, total carbon emission index, carbon emission per unit output value index, carbon tariff cost index, and carbon tariff per unit output value index of each enterprise; obtain the sum of the Spearman rank correlation coefficients between any index and the remaining indexes to first correct the weights of each index; use the weighted sum of the scores of each index and the first corrected weights of each index as the internal evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential.

[0041] An external evaluation module, which is used to cluster the energy consumption index, energy consumption per unit output value index, energy structure index, total carbon emission index, carbon emission per unit output value index, carbon tariff cost index, and carbon tariff per unit output value index of multiple enterprises, and the same index of each enterprise corresponds to the same cluster; obtain the sum of the distances between the various indexes of any enterprise and the corresponding cluster center to second correct the weights of each index; use the weighted sum of the scores of each index and the second corrected weights of each index as the external evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential.

[0042] An enterprise energy conservation and greening potential scoring module, which is used to calculate the sums F(m - 1), F(m - 2), ……, F(1), F(0) of the internal evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential and the external evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential in the m evaluation periods T(m - 1), T(m - 2), ……, T(1), T(0) before the evaluation period T(m) to be evaluated; when F(m - 1) > F(0), use the average value of the sums of the internal evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential and the external evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential in the m evaluation periods as the scoring of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential in the evaluation period to be evaluated.

[0043] The present invention is also a terminal, including a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used to store instructions; the processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method.

[0044] The present invention is also a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method are implemented.

[0045] The beneficial effects of the present invention are at least as follows compared with the prior art. The present invention can not only conduct a complete and comprehensive system analysis on the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential, and the obtained energy conservation and greening potential evaluation indexes are more in line with the actual situation, but also give a numerical calculation method for quantitative indexes, and form a comprehensive evaluation and description of qualitative indexes through integrated analysis of information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the enterprise energy conservation and greening potential evaluation method based on carbon tariff proposed by the present invention. Specific implementation manners

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described in this application are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the spirit of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] The present invention provides a method for analyzing the energy-saving and greening potential of export-oriented enterprises under carbon tariffs. Around energy efficiency and carbon efficiency, considering carbon tariff factors, relevant evaluation indicators reflecting the energy consumption level and carbon emission level of enterprise users are selected to form an energy-saving and carbon-reducing potential evaluation index system.

[0049] As Figure 1 shown, the method for evaluating the energy-saving and greening potential of enterprises based on carbon tariffs includes:

[0050] Step 1, collect the total amount of various energy consumptions in the production process of the enterprise to determine the energy consumption index, use the enterprise output value and the energy consumption index to determine the energy consumption per unit output value index, and collect the proportion of green electricity purchased by the enterprise to determine the energy structure index; use the energy consumption index, the energy consumption per unit output value index, and the energy structure index to form the energy efficiency index;

[0051] Collect the total direct carbon emissions and the total indirect carbon emissions in the production process of the enterprise to form the total carbon emission index, use the enterprise output value and the total carbon emission index to determine the carbon emissions per unit output value index, collect the total amount of carbon tariffs levied on the enterprise as the carbon tariff cost index, and use the enterprise output value and the carbon tariff cost index to determine the carbon tariff per unit output value index; use the total carbon emission index, the carbon emissions per unit output value index, the carbon tariff cost index, and the carbon tariff per unit output value index to form the carbon efficiency index;

[0052] In the embodiment, collect the total power consumption, the total natural gas consumption, the total diesel consumption, and the total gasoline consumption to form the energy consumption index, collect the energy consumption per unit output value of the enterprise as the unit energy consumption index, and collect the proportion of green electricity purchased by the enterprise as the energy structure index; use the energy consumption index, the unit energy consumption index, and the energy structure index to form the energy efficiency index;

[0053] Collect the total direct carbon emissions and the total indirect carbon emissions of the enterprise to form the total carbon emission index, collect the carbon emissions per unit output value of the enterprise as the unit carbon emission index, collect the total amount of carbon tariffs levied on the enterprise as the carbon tariff cost index, and collect the carbon tariff per unit output value as the unit carbon tariff index; use the total carbon emission index, the unit carbon emission index, the carbon tariff cost index, and the unit carbon tariff index to form the carbon efficiency index.

[0054] In the embodiment, energy consumption data, carbon emission data, and enterprise production data are collected. Among them, the enterprise production data includes, but is not limited to: enterprise electricity purchase data, enterprise output value data, and enterprise carbon tariff payment data. An evaluation index system for energy conservation and greening potential is established. Specifically, around energy efficiency and carbon efficiency, relevant evaluation indicators reflecting the energy consumption level and carbon emission level of enterprise users are selected, namely 2 first-level indicators, 7 second-level indicators, and 11 third-level indicators, constituting the evaluation index system for energy conservation and greening potential. See Table 1 for details.

[0055] Table 1 Enterprise Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction Potential Evaluation Index System

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] According to the established evaluation index system for energy conservation and carbon reduction potential, all third-level indicators are calculated. The evaluation indicators are divided into two categories: quantitative indicators and qualitative indicators. For qualitative indicators, the expert judgment method is used in this paper to obtain information and opinions on qualitative indicators. By integrating and analyzing this information, a comprehensive evaluation and description of qualitative indicators are formed. Among the third-level indicators, except for the energy efficiency improvement potential, the rest of the indicators can be quantitatively calculated. The calculation methods of these indicators are as follows:

[0059] 1), Energy Efficiency Index

[0060] 1.1), Energy Consumption Quantity Index

[0061] The energy consumption quantity refers to the consumption of various energies used within a certain period of time. To achieve the unification of dimensions, according to the General Rules for Calculation of Comprehensive Energy Consumption, the consumption of each energy is converted into the form of unit standard coal. The energy consumption quantity index satisfies the following relationship:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, C i is the consumption of the i-th energy in the production process, K i is the standard coal conversion coefficient of the i-th energy, and n is the total number of energy types in the production process;

[0064] In the embodiment, the total consumption of various energies in the enterprise production process includes, but is not limited to: total electricity consumption, total natural gas consumption, total diesel consumption, and total gasoline consumption;

[0065] 1.2), Energy Consumption per Unit Output Value Index

[0066] The energy consumption per unit output value index is determined by using the enterprise output value and the energy consumption quantity index, and satisfies the following relationship:

[0067]

[0068] In the formula, e s is the energy consumption index per unit output value, and S is the enterprise output value;

[0069] 1.3), Energy structure index

[0070] The proportion of green electricity purchased by an enterprise in the total electricity purchased is the proportion of the green electricity purchase volume stipulated in the electricity purchase contract signed between the enterprise and the power grid company in the total electricity purchase volume. The proportion of green electricity purchased by the enterprise is used as the energy structure index;

[0071] 2), Carbon efficiency index

[0072] 2.1), Total carbon emission index

[0073] The total carbon emission index satisfies the following relationship:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, C is the total carbon emission index, and E i is the energy consumption of the i-th type of energy, V i is the lower calorific value of the i-th type of energy, R i is the carbon content per unit calorific value of the i-th type of energy, O i is the carbon oxidation rate of the i-th type of energy, E e is the electricity consumption, F e is the annual average electricity emission factor of the regional power grid;

[0076] 2.2), Carbon emission per unit output value index

[0077] The carbon emission per unit output value index is determined by using the enterprise output value and the total carbon emission index, and satisfies the following relationship:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, c s is the carbon emission per unit output value index;

[0080] 2.3), Carbon tariff cost index

[0081] According to different carbon tariff policies of the exporting country, the carbon tariff cost index satisfies the following relationship:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, R is the carbon tariff cost index, and P b is the carbon tariff price for direct carbon emissions, and P e is the carbon tariff price for indirect carbon emissions;

[0084] 2.4) Carbon Tariff Index per Unit Output Value

[0085] The carbon tariff cost index is converted according to the enterprise output value, and the carbon tariff index per unit output value satisfies the following relationship:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, R p is the carbon tariff index per unit output value.

[0088] The energy consumption index per unit output value, carbon emission index per unit output value, and carbon tariff index per unit output value proposed by the present invention are composite indexes that integrate the ratios of energy consumption, carbon emissions, and carbon tariffs to output value, comprehensively reflecting the relationships among energy consumption, carbon emissions, and carbon tariffs and enterprise production, and more objectively reflecting the differences in the low-carbon economic development levels of enterprises in different regions.

[0089] Step 2: For the energy consumption amount index, energy consumption index per unit output value, energy structure index, total carbon emission index, carbon emission index per unit output value, carbon tariff cost index, and carbon tariff index per unit output value of each enterprise, use the membership degree method to determine the scores of each index and use the entropy weight method to determine the weights of each index; obtain the sum of the Spearman rank correlation coefficients between any index and the other indexes to first correct the weights of each index; use the weighted sum of the scores of each index and the first corrected weights of each index as the internal evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential.

[0090] In the embodiment, after calculating all the third-level indexes, sort the calculation results and import them into the coordinate system, and establish a membership function according to the membership degree method; determine the scores in different result value intervals according to historical data experience, and the higher the score, the better the aspect of the index; score the results of each data point according to its position on the membership function image to obtain the scores of each third-level evaluation index. After obtaining the scores of each third-level evaluation index, determine the weights of each third-level index through the entropy weight method.

[0091] Propose an entropy weight method corrected based on the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, analyze the correlation degree between different indexes, and correct the weights of each index calculated by the entropy weight method based on the correlation degree between each index.

[0092] When different indexes are highly correlated, they may contain similar or overlapping information. This redundant information may make the weight allocation of the indexes in the evaluation model inaccurate, thus affecting the overall evaluation result. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the correlation degree between different indexes to correct the weights of each index.

[0093] The weight of the jth index after the first correction satisfies the following relationship:

[0094]

[0095] wherein, w j , w′ j are respectively the weight of the j-th index and the weight of the j-th index after the first correction, and λ jk is the Spearman rank correlation coefficient between the j-th index and the k-th index;

[0096] According to the entropy weight method corrected based on the Spearman rank correlation coefficient proposed above, the weight values of the third-level indicators under all second-level indicators are calculated.

[0097] In the present invention, starting from the indicators of each enterprise, the scores and the corrected weights obtained are all for the enterprise itself. The weighted sum of the scores of each indicator and the weights of each indicator after the first correction is used as the internal evaluation index of the enterprise's energy-saving and greening potential, which characterizes the longitudinal development trend of the enterprise's own energy-saving and greening potential.

[0098] Step 3: Cluster the energy consumption index, energy consumption per unit output value index, energy structure index, total carbon emission index, carbon emission per unit output value index, carbon tariff cost index, and carbon tariff per unit output value index of multiple enterprises. The same index of each enterprise corresponds to the same cluster; obtain the sum of the distances between each index of any enterprise and the corresponding cluster center to correct the weights of each index for the second time; use the weighted sum of the scores of each index and the weights of each index after the second correction as the external evaluation index of the enterprise's energy-saving and greening potential.

[0099] The weight of the j-th index after the second correction satisfies the following relational expression:

[0100]

[0101] wherein, w j , w′ j ′ are respectively the weight of the j-th index and the weight of the j-th index after the second correction, and d j is the distance between the j-th index and the corresponding cluster center;

[0102] Due to the differences in the low-carbon economy development levels of enterprises in different regions, when conducting empirical analysis on the existing evaluation index system, most are limited to certain enterprises in a certain region, and there are few comparative studies on the low-carbon economy development levels of enterprises in multiple regions. When comparing the low-carbon development levels between different regions, the differences in economic structures and other aspects of different regions are ignored. The economic and social development conditions, production levels, and resource endowments of different regions are different, and some absolute indicators in the indicators are not applicable to the comparison between different regions. Moreover, the single evaluation indicators within an enterprise cannot be used for horizontal comparison within a region. Therefore, cluster analysis is performed on the energy consumption volume indicators, energy consumption per unit output value indicators, energy structure indicators, total carbon emissions indicators, carbon emissions per unit output value indicators, carbon tariff cost volume indicators, and carbon tariff per unit output value indicators of multiple enterprises. The same indicators of each enterprise correspond to the same cluster, and the center of each cluster represents the regional indicators. Based on the proposed composite indicators, the present invention discovers the gap between enterprise indicators and regional indicators by clustering the indicators of different enterprises. When using the gap to correct the weights of each indicator, the greater the gap, the greater the corrected weight, making the enterprise indicators with a huge gap from the overall regional level more prominent. Therefore, the external evaluation indicators of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential represent the horizontal development trend of the enterprise's own energy conservation and greening potential.

[0103] Step 4: Calculate the sums F(m - 1), F(m - 2), ……, F(1), F(0) of the internal evaluation indicators and external evaluation indicators of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential within the m evaluation cycles T(m - 1), T(m - 2), ……, T(1), T(0) before the evaluation cycle to be evaluated T(m). When F(m - 1) > F(0), use the average value of the sums of the internal evaluation indicators and external evaluation indicators of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential within the m evaluation cycles as the score of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential within the evaluation cycle to be evaluated.

[0104] Within a continuous multiple evaluation cycles before the evaluation cycle to be evaluated, when the sums of the internal evaluation indicators and external evaluation indicators of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential show an increasing trend, within the evaluation cycle to be evaluated, the greater the sum of the internal evaluation indicators and external evaluation indicators of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential, the greater the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential. However, considering the volatility of enterprise development and the influence of the region on the enterprise, use the average value of the sums of the internal evaluation indicators and external evaluation indicators of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential within the continuous multiple evaluation cycles as the score of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential within the evaluation cycle to be evaluated.

[0105] The present invention also proposes an evaluation system for the energy conservation and greening potential of enterprises based on carbon tariffs, including:

[0106] The indicator system establishment module is used to collect the total amount of various energy consumptions in the enterprise production process to determine the energy consumption amount indicator, use the enterprise output value and the energy consumption amount indicator to determine the energy consumption per unit output value indicator, and collect the proportion of green electricity purchased by the enterprise to determine the energy structure indicator; collect the total direct carbon emissions and the total indirect carbon emissions in the enterprise production process to form the total carbon emissions indicator, use the enterprise output value and the total carbon emissions indicator to determine the carbon emissions per unit output value indicator, collect the total amount of carbon tariffs imposed on the enterprise as the carbon tariff cost amount indicator, and use the enterprise output value and the carbon tariff cost amount indicator to determine the carbon tariff per unit output value indicator;

[0107] The internal evaluation module is used to determine the scores of each indicator by using the membership degree method and determine the weights of each indicator by using the entropy weight method for the energy consumption amount indicator, the energy consumption per unit output value indicator, the energy structure indicator, the total carbon emissions indicator, the carbon emissions per unit output value indicator, the carbon tariff cost amount indicator, and the carbon tariff per unit output value indicator of each enterprise; obtain the sum of the Spearman rank correlation coefficients between any one indicator and the rest of the indicators to first correct the weights of each indicator; use the weighted sum of the scores of each indicator and the first corrected weights of each indicator as the internal evaluation indicator of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential;

[0108] The external evaluation module is used to cluster the energy consumption amount indicator, the energy consumption per unit output value indicator, the energy structure indicator, the total carbon emissions indicator, the carbon emissions per unit output value indicator, the carbon tariff cost amount indicator, and the carbon tariff per unit output value indicator of multiple enterprises, and the same indicator of each enterprise corresponds to the same cluster; obtain the sum of the distances between the indicators of any one enterprise and the corresponding cluster center to second correct the weights of each indicator; use the weighted sum of the scores of each indicator and the second corrected weights of each indicator as the external evaluation indicator of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential;

[0109] The enterprise energy conservation and greening potential scoring module is used to calculate the sums F(m - 1), F(m - 2),..., F(1), F(0) of the internal evaluation indicator of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential and the external evaluation indicator of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential in the m evaluation periods T(m - 1), T(m - 2),..., T(1), T(0) before the evaluation period T(m) to be evaluated; when F(m - 1) > F(0), use the average value of the sums of the internal evaluation indicator of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential and the external evaluation indicator of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential in the m evaluation periods as the score of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential in the evaluation period to be evaluated.

[0110] The present disclosure may be a system, a method, and / or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having thereon computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0111] A computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions for use by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example—but not limited to—an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disc (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such as a punched card or raised structures in grooves having instructions stored thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. The computer-readable storage medium used herein is not construed as an instantaneous signal per se, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., an optical pulse through an optical fiber cable), or an electrical signal transmitted through a wire.

[0112] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network may include a copper transmission cable, an optical fiber transmission, a wireless transmission, a router, a firewall, a switch, a gateway computer, and / or an edge server. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in a computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device.

[0113] Computer program instructions for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine - related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state - setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object - oriented programming languages such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer - readable program instructions may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, executed as a stand - alone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it may be connected to an external computer (e.g., through the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, by using the state information of the computer - readable program instructions to customize an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a field - programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), the electronic circuit can execute the computer - readable program instructions to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0114] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still possible to modify the specific implementation manners of the present invention or make equivalent replacements. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An evaluation method for the energy-saving and greening potential of enterprises based on carbon tariffs, characterized in that, Including: Collecting the total amount of various energy consumptions during the enterprise production process to determine the energy consumption index, using the enterprise output value and the energy consumption index to determine the energy consumption per unit output value index, and collecting the proportion of green electricity purchased by the enterprise to determine the energy structure index; Collecting the total direct carbon emissions and total indirect carbon emissions during the enterprise production process to form the total carbon emissions index, using the enterprise output value and the total carbon emissions index to determine the carbon emissions per unit output value index, collecting the total amount of carbon tariffs imposed on the enterprise as the carbon tariff cost index, and using the enterprise output value and the carbon tariff cost index to determine the carbon tariff per unit output value index; For the energy consumption index, energy consumption per unit output value index, energy structure index, total carbon emissions index, carbon emissions per unit output value index, carbon tariff cost index, and carbon tariff per unit output value index of each enterprise, the membership degree method is used to determine the score of each index and the entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of each index; obtaining the sum of the Spearman rank correlation coefficients between any one index and the remaining indexes to first correct the weight of each index; using the weighted sum of the score of each index and the first corrected weight of each index as the internal evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential; Clustering the energy consumption index, energy consumption per unit output value index, energy structure index, total carbon emissions index, carbon emissions per unit output value index, carbon tariff cost index, and carbon tariff per unit output value index of multiple enterprises, and the same index of each enterprise corresponds to the same cluster; obtaining the sum of the distances between the various indexes of any enterprise and the corresponding cluster center to second correct the weight of each index; Using the weighted sum of the score of each index and the second corrected weight of each index as the external evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential; Calculating the sum F(m - 1), F(m - 2), ……, F(1), F(0) of the internal evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential and the external evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential within m evaluation periods T(m - 1), T(m - 2), ……, T(1), T(0) before the evaluation period T(m) to be evaluated; when F(m - 1) > F(0), using the average value of the sum of the internal evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential and the external evaluation index of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential within m evaluation periods as the score of the enterprise's energy conservation and greening potential within the evaluation period to be evaluated.

2. The enterprise energy conservation and greening potential evaluation method based on carbon tariffs according to claim 1, wherein The energy consumption index satisfies the following relational expression: where C i is the consumption of the i-th energy source during the production process, K i is the standard coal conversion factor of the i-th energy source, and n is the total number of energy source types during the production process.

3. The enterprise energy conservation and greening potential evaluation method based on carbon tariffs according to claim 2, wherein The energy consumption per unit output value index satisfies the following relational expression: where e s is the energy consumption index per unit output value, and S is the enterprise output value.

4. The enterprise energy conservation and greening potential evaluation method based on carbon tariffs according to claim 1, wherein The total carbon emissions index satisfies the following relational expression: Where C is the total carbon emission index, E i is the energy consumption of the i-th energy source, V i is the lower calorific value of the i-th energy source, R i is the carbon content per unit calorific value of the i-th energy source, O i is the carbon oxidation rate of the i-th energy source, E e is the electricity consumption, F e is the annual average electricity emission factor of the regional power grid.

5. The enterprise energy conservation and greening potential evaluation method based on carbon tariffs according to claim 4, wherein The carbon emissions per unit output value index satisfies the following relational expression: where c s is the carbon emission index per unit output value, and S is the enterprise output value.

6. The enterprise energy conservation and greening potential evaluation method based on carbon tariffs according to claim 4, wherein The carbon tariff cost index satisfies the following relational expression: where R is the carbon tariff cost volume indicator, and P b is the carbon tariff price for direct carbon emissions, and P e is the carbon tariff price for indirect carbon emissions.

7. The enterprise energy-saving and greening potential evaluation method based on carbon tariffs according to claim 6, wherein The carbon tariff index per unit output value satisfies the following relational expression: Wherein, R p is the carbon tariff index per unit output value, and S is the enterprise output value.

8. The enterprise energy-saving and greening potential evaluation method based on carbon tariffs according to claim 1, wherein The weight of the j-th index after the first correction satisfies the following relational expression: where w j , w' j are the weight of the j-th index and the weight of the j-th index after the first correction respectively, and λ jk is the Spearman rank correlation coefficient between the j-th index and the k-th index.

9. The enterprise energy-saving and greening potential evaluation method based on carbon tariffs according to claim 1, wherein The weight of the j-th index after the second correction satisfies the following relational expression: where \(w\) j and \(w'\) j ' are the weight of the \(j\)-th index and the weight after the second correction of the \(j\)-th index respectively, and \(d\) j is the distance between the \(j\)-th index and the corresponding cluster center.

10. An enterprise energy-saving and greening potential evaluation system based on carbon tariffs, characterized in that, Including: An index system establishment module, which is used to collect the total amount of various energy consumptions in the enterprise production process to determine the energy consumption index, use the enterprise output value and the energy consumption index to determine the energy consumption per unit output value index, and collect the proportion of green power purchased by the enterprise to determine the energy structure index; collect the total direct carbon emissions and the total indirect carbon emissions in the enterprise production process to form the total carbon emissions index, use the enterprise output value and the total carbon emissions index to determine the carbon emissions per unit output value index, collect the total amount of carbon tariffs levied on the enterprise as the carbon tariff cost index, and use the enterprise output value and the carbon tariff cost index to determine the carbon tariff index per unit output value; An internal evaluation module, which is used to use the membership degree method to determine the scores of each index and the entropy weight method to determine the weights of each index for the energy consumption index, energy consumption per unit output value index, energy structure index, total carbon emissions index, carbon emissions per unit output value index, carbon tariff cost index and carbon tariff index per unit output value of each enterprise; obtain the sum of the Spearman rank correlation coefficients between any index and the other indexes to correct the weights of each index for the first time; use the weighted sum of the scores of each index and the first corrected weights of each index as the internal evaluation index of the enterprise energy-saving and greening potential; An external evaluation module, which is used to cluster the energy consumption index, energy consumption per unit output value index, energy structure index, total carbon emissions index, carbon emissions per unit output value index, carbon tariff cost index and carbon tariff index per unit output value of multiple enterprises, and the same index of each enterprise corresponds to the same cluster; obtain the sum of the distances between the various indexes of any enterprise and the corresponding cluster center to correct the weights of each index for the second time; use the weighted sum of the scores of each index and the second corrected weights of each index as the external evaluation index of the enterprise energy-saving and greening potential; An enterprise energy-saving and greening potential scoring module, which is used to calculate the sum F(m-1), F(m-2),..., F(1), F(0) of the internal evaluation index of the enterprise energy-saving and greening potential and the external evaluation index of the enterprise energy-saving and greening potential in the m evaluation cycles T(m-1), T(m-2),..., T(1), T(0) before the evaluation period T(m) to be evaluated; when F(m-1)>F(0), use the average value of the sum of the internal evaluation index of the enterprise energy-saving and greening potential and the external evaluation index of the enterprise energy-saving and greening potential in the m evaluation cycles as the score of the enterprise energy-saving and greening potential in the evaluation period to be evaluated.

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