Method and device for judging swing amplitude of hoisted object in crane practical operation test

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crane tests, and particularly relates to a method and device for judging the swing amplitude of a hoisted object in a crane practical operation test, and the device comprises a hoisting bucket device connected with a hook device on a crane, and the upper end of the hoisting bucket device is provided with a judgment mechanism connected with an upper computer of a test center through a wireless transmission module. The judging mechanism comprises a liquid containing cylinder, a sealing cylinder, first signal generators, a processor and a power source, the liquid containing cylinder is connected with the upper end of the bucket device, a liquid medium is contained in the liquid containing cylinder, a mounting circular plate is arranged at the upper end of the sealing cylinder, and the multiple first signal generators are evenly arranged on the mounting circular plate in the circumferential direction and connected with the processor through wires; the device is simple in structure, does not relate to a complex judgment algorithm, is quick in detection response, can accurately reflect the inclination degree of the barrel body, and improves the judgment efficiency and accuracy of a practical operation test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crane examinations, and specifically discloses a method and device for judging the swing amplitude of a suspended object during a practical crane examination. Background Art

[0002] A crane refers to a multi-action lifting machine that vertically lifts and horizontally transports heavy objects within a certain range. It is also known as an overhead crane, bridge crane, or hoist. Cranes are large in volume and complex in structure, and need to operate within a large space range. Operators need to follow operating specifications to complete tasks such as hoisting, transporting, and unloading goods. If the operation is improper, it will cause major safety accidents and economic losses. Therefore, the practical examination of crane operators is extremely important, and it is necessary to accurately test the practical operation level of operators.

[0003] In the current practical examination, the swing amplitude of the suspended object (i.e., the size of the inclination angle) is determined by manually observing whether the suspended object collides with a benchmark. A practical assessment method and system for crane operators disclosed in the patent application document with the application number CN202411155309.8 uses the following angle recognition and judgment algorithm: Nine benchmarks are arranged in the site, and inclination sensors are installed at the top of each benchmark. The inclination sensors will automatically generate angle information. When the hanging bucket touches the benchmark, the benchmark will generate an inclination angle, and the inclination angle of the benchmark is used to replace the inclination angle of the hanging bucket. In the above assessment method, the collision between the hanging bucket and the benchmark is highly accidental, and the inclination direction of the hanging bucket is randomly multi-directional and complex, resulting in a large error in the inclination angle of the benchmark and unable to accurately reflect the inclination degree of the hanging bucket; moreover, the benchmarks are arranged at intervals, and the inclination angle of the hanging bucket cannot be detected throughout the process, making it difficult to accurately test the practical operation level of operators. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for judging the swing amplitude of a suspended object during a practical crane examination in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for judging the swing amplitude of a suspended object during a practical crane examination includes a hanging bucket device connected to a hook device on the crane. A judgment mechanism is installed at the upper end of the hanging bucket device, and the judgment mechanism is connected to a host computer in the examination center through a wireless transmission module;

[0007] The determination mechanism includes a liquid-filled cylinder, a sealed cylinder, a first signal generator, a processor, and a power supply. The liquid-filled cylinder is connected to the upper end of the bucket device, and the liquid-filled cylinder contains a liquid medium. The sealed cylinder is hermetically connected to the upper end of the liquid-filled cylinder. An installation circular plate is provided at the upper end of the sealed cylinder. A plurality of the first signal generators are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the installation circular plate. The processor is arranged at the center of the installation circular plate, and the first signal generator is connected to the processor through a wire.

[0008] A trigger float aligned with each first signal generator in the vertical direction is arranged in the sealed cylinder. The trigger float includes a slide rod vertically and limitedly penetrating through the bottom plate of the sealed cylinder. A floating ball acted on by the buoyancy of the liquid medium is connected to the lower end of the slide rod, and a first trigger ball head for triggering the first signal generator is connected to the upper end of the slide rod.

[0009] As a further setting of the above solution, the determination mechanism further includes a second signal generator, a third signal generator, and a fourth signal generator electrically connected to the processor through wires. A plurality of the fourth signal generators, third signal generators, second signal generators, and first signal generators are all circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the installation circular plate and are distributed in a divergent manner from the inside to the outside in sequence. A trigger float is arranged in the sealed cylinder directly below each of the second signal generator, third signal generator, and fourth signal generator.

[0010] As a further setting of the above solution, the first signal generator, second signal generator, third signal generator, and fourth signal generator are structurally the same, and each includes a housing and a signal generator device. The housing is fixedly arranged in a positioning hole on the installation circular plate, the signal generator device is fixedly installed at the upper end of the housing, and the lower end of the housing is open for the first trigger ball head to extend in.

[0011] As a further setting of the above solution, the signal generator device is an inductive proximity switch, and the first trigger ball head is made of a metal material.

[0012] As a further setting of the above solution, the signal generator device is a contact microswitch. Second conductive ball heads are connected to both sides of the lower end of the signal generator device through elastic members. The first trigger ball head is made of a conductive material, and after the first conductive ball head extends into the housing, it comes into contact with the second conductive ball heads on both sides simultaneously.

[0013] As a further setting of the above solution, limiting plates are arranged at both the upper and lower ends of the slide rod. The upper limiting plate is located above the bottom plate of the sealed cylinder, and the lower limiting plate is located below the bottom plate of the sealed cylinder. A return spring is sleeved on the slide rod, and both ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the bottom plate of the sealed cylinder and the upper or lower limiting plate.

[0014] As a further setting of the above solution, a liquid discharge port is provided at the center of the bottom plate of the liquid filling cylinder, and a maintenance valve is provided at the lower end of the liquid discharge port.

[0015] As a further setting of the above solution, the hanging bucket device includes a counterweight bucket body. An installation circular groove for installing a determination mechanism is provided at the upper end of the counterweight bucket body. A fixing ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the counterweight bucket body, and a hanging ring is connected to the fixing ring through a steel cable.

[0016] In addition, the present invention also discloses a method for judging a practical operation examination of a crane using the device for judging the swing amplitude of a lifted object in the above-mentioned practical operation examination of a crane, including the following steps:

[0017] (1) Fix the determination mechanism on the upper end of the hanging bucket device and conduct power-on debugging. After the debugging is completed, wait for the candidate to conduct the practical operation examination;

[0018] (2) During the practical operation examination, the candidate first connects the hanging bucket device to the hook device on the crane, and then performs hoisting, walking, turning, and lowering operations according to the examination requirements;

[0019] (3) During the walking process, when the candidate operates properly, the hanging bucket device will not swing or will swing slightly. At this time, the processor in the determination mechanism will not receive an electrical signal; while when the candidate operates improperly, the entire hanging bucket device will carry the determination mechanism and swing greatly, causing the liquid medium contained in the liquid filling cylinder to gather on one side and maintain a horizontal state. As a result, the trigger buoy on the corresponding side will move upward under the action of buoyancy, and then the first trigger ball head will trigger the first signal generator to generate an electrical signal and feedback it to the processor, and then the processor will wirelessly transmit the information to the upper computer in the examination center;

[0020] (4) After the examination is completed, the upper computer will judge and grade according to the received electrical signal and the number of times the electrical signal is generated, and then comprehensively judge whether the examination is qualified in combination with other requirements during the candidate's practical operation examination.

[0021] Due to the relatively long pendulum length of the counterweight hanging bucket, due to inertia, the liquid medium in the liquid filling cylinder tends to maintain a horizontal state during the swinging process, and the tiny fluctuations on the surface of the liquid medium do not affect the result.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. In the device for judging the swing amplitude of the suspended object in the practical operation examination of the crane disclosed in the present invention, through a specially designed judgment mechanism, during the practical operation examination of lifting the counterweight bucket, the liquid medium in the liquid-filled cylinder tends to maintain a horizontal state during the tilting and swinging process, causing it to gather towards the tilted side. Then, in combination with the buoy device and the first signal generator, they tilt and swing synchronously with the counterweight bucket. As a result, the distance between the floating ball at the bottom of the buoy device and the liquid medium can change. Then, the buoyancy of the liquid medium on the floating ball is used to push the buoy device towards the corresponding first signal generator, thereby triggering the corresponding first generator to generate an electrical signal and transmit it to the processor. The processor processes the received electrical signal to accurately judge the tilting and swinging direction of the counterweight bucket, and then remotely transmits it to the upper computer in the examination center. By judging the electrical signals generated by the first generator and the number of times the electrical signals are generated during the entire practical operation examination process, the evaluation score of the candidate's ability to maintain the balance state of the counterweight bucket during the practical operation examination is determined; the judgment device disclosed in the present invention has a simple structure, does not involve complex judgment algorithms, has a rapid detection response, can accurately reflect the inclination degree of the counterweight bucket, and greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of the judgment in the practical operation examination.

[0024] 2. The judgment mechanism in the present invention further sets a second signal generator, a third signal generator, and a fourth signal generator on the installation circular plate, and arranges them circumferentially and uniformly together with the first signal generator and designs them to diverge radially. During the practical operation examination, when the inclination angle of the counterweight bucket is small, the corresponding first generator in the corresponding direction will be triggered, and as the inclination angle increases, the second signal generator, the third signal generator, and the fourth signal generator will be triggered in sequence, and they will jointly generate electrical signals and feedback them to the processor; the entire judgment mechanism can receive the electrical signals transmitted by different signal generators through the processor, thereby judging different inclination degrees of the counterweight bucket during the practical operation examination, further improving the accuracy of detecting the swing amplitude of the suspended object during the crane examination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the whole of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the bucket device in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the determination mechanism in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic cross-sectional internal structure diagram of the determination mechanism in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic plan structure diagram of the liquid-filled cylinder, sealed cylinder, and trigger buoy in the horizontal state in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic plan structure diagram of the liquid-filled cylinder, sealed cylinder, and trigger buoy in the inclined state in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the mounting circular plate and processor in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic cross-sectional internal structure diagram of the first signal generator in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 In the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structure diagram at position A. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0036] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The following will refer to the attached Figures 1 - 9 drawings and describe this application in detail in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] Embodiment 1 of the present invention discloses a device for judging the swinging amplitude of a suspended object during a practical crane operation exam. The following will give an overall description in conjunction with the entire crane 1. Refer to the attached Figure 1 drawings. It includes a hook device 2 on the crane 1 and a bucket device 3. During the lifting exam, the bucket device 3 is hung on the hook device 2, and a determination mechanism 4 is detachably installed at the upper end of the bucket device 3.

[0039] During the specific design, refer to the attached Figure 2, the bucket device 3 includes a counterweight bucket body 301 made of iron material, so that its overall mass is not less than 100 kg. An installation round groove 304 is opened at the center of the upper end face of the counterweight bucket body 301, and the determination mechanism 4 can be fixedly installed on it through the installation round groove 304. Then, a fixing ring 302 is also provided at the upper end of the counterweight bucket body 301. A lifting ring 303 is connected to the fixing ring 302 through a steel cable. The crane 1 is hooked to the lifting ring 303 through the hook device 2, so as to lift the counterweight bucket body 301 for subsequent practical operation examinations.

[0040] Reference appendix Figures 3 - 5 , the determination mechanism 4 includes a liquid-filled cylinder 5, a sealed cylinder 6, an installation round plate 7, a first signal generator 8, a processor 9 and a power supply (not shown in the figure). The liquid-filled cylinder 5 is concentrically installed in the installation round groove 304 at the upper end of the bucket device 3, and a liquid medium 501 is contained inside it. Specifically, the liquid medium can be selected as water or other liquid substances with a density greater than that of water, and the liquid medium 501 can be added to half of the height position of the liquid-filled cylinder 5 according to the actual situation. In addition, a drain port is provided at the center of the bottom plate of the liquid-filled cylinder 5, and a maintenance valve 502 is provided at the lower end of the drain port. By opening the maintenance valve 502, the internal liquid medium 501 can be discharged or the liquid medium can be added continuously, so as to facilitate the later maintenance of the detection cylinder 5.

[0041] The sealed cylinder 6 is hermetically connected to the upper end opening of the liquid-filled cylinder 5, and then the installation round plate 7 is fixedly arranged in the upper end opening of the sealed cylinder 6. Reference appendix Figure 7 , a plurality of positioning holes 701 are circumferentially and evenly opened on the installation round plate 7, and then a plurality of first signal generators 8 are fixedly arranged in the positioning holes 701 one by one, and the lower ends of the first signal generators 8 extend into the sealed cylinder 6. The processor 9 is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the installation round plate 7. At the same time, each first signal generator 8 is connected to the corresponding interface on the processor 9 through a wire, and then the power supply supplies power to the processor 9 and the first signal generator 8. The processor 9 can receive the electrical signals generated by the first signal generator 8, and after processing, it can be fed back to the upper computer in the examination center through the built-in wireless transmission module.

[0042] Through holes are opened on the bottom plate of the sealed cylinder 6 that are aligned with each first signal generator 8 up and down, and then a trigger float 10 that slides up and down is arranged in each through hole. Specifically, the trigger float 10 refers to appendix Figure 4 , appendix Figure 8 and appendix Figure 9, which includes a slide bar 101 interacting with a through hole. A floating ball 102 is connected to the lower end of the slide bar 101, and a first trigger ball head 103 is connected to the upper end. The floating ball 102 will immerse in the liquid medium 501 in the liquid-filled cylinder 5 and move up and down under the buoyancy force thereof. After the first trigger ball head 103 moves upward for a certain distance, it can trigger the first signal generator 8 to generate an electrical signal.

[0043] In addition, limit plates 104 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the slide bar 101. The upper limit plate is located above the bottom plate of the sealing cylinder 6, and the lower limit plate is located below the bottom plate of the sealing cylinder 6. Then, a return spring 105 is sleeved on the slide bar 101, and both ends of the return spring 105 are respectively connected to the bottom plate of the sealing cylinder 6 and the upper or lower limit plate 104. When the entire trigger float 10 is in the natural state, the return spring 105 exerts a downward pressure on the slide bar 101, so that the upper limit plate 104 abuts against the upper end face of the bottom plate of the sealing cylinder 6, thereby elastically limiting the entire trigger float 10 and preventing the float 10 from moving up and down. When the floating ball 102 moves up and down under the buoyancy of the liquid medium 501, the return spring 105 will provide elastic damping for it to ensure the smooth movement of the trigger float 10 and reduce the influence brought by the slight fluctuation of the liquid level of the liquid medium 501. The elastic damping force generated by the return spring 105 is relatively low and does not affect the normal triggering of the trigger float 10.

[0044] Reference appendix Figure 8 , the first signal generator 8 includes a housing 801 and a signal generator device 802. The housing 801 is fixedly arranged in the positioning hole 701 on the mounting circular plate 7, and the signal generator device 802 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the housing 801. The lower end of the housing 801 is open, and in order to facilitate the insertion of the first trigger ball head 103, a large chamfer 800 is also provided at the lower end opening of the housing 801.

[0045] In the specific design, there are two solutions for the signal generator device 802 in this Embodiment 1: The first is to select an inductive proximity switch. At this time, the first trigger ball head 103 is made of a metal material. When the first trigger ball head 103 extends into the housing 801, a corresponding magnetic field eddy current will be generated, causing the impedance of the inductive proximity switch to change. Then, the oscillation circuit detects the impedance change and generates an electrical signal. The second is to select a contact microswitch, and the first trigger ball head 103 is made of a conductive material. Reference appendix Figure 8, which includes a contact microswitch body. On both sides of the lower end of the contact microswitch body, second conductive ball heads 805 are connected through elastic members 804. In specific design, the first trigger ball head 103 and the second conductive ball heads 805 are preferably made of graphite material. On the premise of having good electrical conductivity, they also have good lubrication effects, avoiding the situation that the first trigger ball head 103 is stuck between the second conductive ball heads 805 on both sides and cannot move downward and reset.

[0046] The usage method and working principle of the device for judging the swing amplitude of the suspended object in the practical operation examination of the crane in Embodiment 1 are as follows:

[0047] Install the judging mechanism 4 on the top of the hanging bucket device 3, then connect the hook device 2 on the crane 1 with the hanging ring 303, and then the operator hoists, moves, turns, and lowers the hanging bucket device 3 by operating the crane 1. During the above process, when the operation is improper (such as excessive acceleration or deceleration), the hanging bucket device 3 will swing and tilt to one side, and then the judging mechanism 4 will swing and tilt to one side synchronously with the hanging bucket device 3. At this time, since the liquid medium 501 inside the liquid-filled cylinder 5 always remains horizontal, the liquid medium 501 will gather at the inclined end (refer to the appendix Figure 6 ), and then under the buoyancy force, the trigger buoy 10 at the corresponding position moves upward, and then the first trigger ball head 103 at the upper end of the trigger buoy 10 enters the first signal generator 8 inside it to generate an electrical signal and feedback it to the processor 9. Then the processor 9 can judge which direction the hanging bucket device 3 swings and tilts during the practical operation examination according to the first generator 8 that generates the electrical signal, and wirelessly transmit this information to the upper computer in the examination center, which is recorded by the upper computer. Finally, after the examination, the received electrical signal and its occurrence times can be used for evaluation and scoring.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] Embodiment 2 discloses a device for judging the swing amplitude of the suspended object in the practical operation examination of the crane, which is further optimized based on the technical solution in Embodiment 1. The same parts as those in Embodiment 1 will not be described again.

[0050] In this Embodiment 2, four groups of circumferentially uniformly arranged positioning holes 701 are opened on the mounting circular plate 7. Then, a plurality of first signal generators 8 are installed in the outermost group of positioning holes 701. Then, a second signal generator 11, a third signal generator 12, and a fourth signal generator 13 are sequentially installed from the outside to the inside in the three groups of positioning holes 701 inside the first signal generator 8, so that a plurality of fourth signal generators 13, third signal generators 12, second signal generators 11, and first signal generators 8 are all circumferentially uniformly arranged on the mounting circular plate 7, and the four are distributed in a divergent manner from the inside to the outside in sequence.

[0051] In this Embodiment 2, the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, the third signal generator 12, and the fourth signal generator 13 are also electrically connected to the corresponding interfaces on the processor 9 through wires. Trigger buoys 10 for triggering them to generate electrical signals are provided on the bottom plates of the sealed cylinders 6 directly below the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, the third signal generator 12, and the fourth signal generator 13. Finally, it should be noted that the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, the third signal generator 12, and the fourth signal generator 13 in this Embodiment 2 are identically configured, except that the four can each emit corresponding electrical signals, and then the processor 704 can receive and process these four signals.

[0052] Through the above improved design of the determination mechanism 4 in this Embodiment 2, when the swinging and tilting amplitude of the bucket device 3 is relatively small during the practical operation examination, the first signal generator 8 will be triggered. As the swinging and tilting amplitude of the bucket device 3 increases, the second signal generator 11, the third signal generator 12, and the fourth signal generator 13 will also sequentially generate electrical signals. Therefore, the processor 9 can more accurately determine the size of the swinging and tilting amplitude of the bucket device 3 based on the presence or absence of electrical signals generated by the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, the third signal generator 12, and the fourth signal generator 13.

[0053] Suppose that during the examination, four tilt critical points are set in the same tilt direction, and the critical tilt angles are set to 10°, 20°, 30°, and 40° (only for convenient description by way of example and not representing the actual examination standard). When the swinging and tilting of the bucket device 3 do not exceed 10°, the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, the third signal generator 12, and the fourth signal generator 13 do not generate electrical signals; when the tilt angle of the bucket device 3 is between 10° and 20°, the outermost first signal generator 8 will generate an electrical signal and feedback it to the processor 9; when the tilt angle of the bucket device 3 is between 20° and 30°, both the first signal generator 8 and the second signal generator 11 will generate electrical signals and feedback them to the processor; when the tilt angle of the bucket device 3 is between 30° and 40°, the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, and the third signal generator 12 will all generate electrical signals and feedback them to the processor; when the tilt angle of the bucket device 3 is greater than or equal to 40°, the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, the third signal generator 12, and the fourth signal generator 13 will all generate electrical signals and feedback them to the processor.

[0054] The priorities of the electrical signals generated by the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, the third signal generator 12, and the fourth signal generator 13 are divided into four levels that increase sequentially. At any time point during the exam process, by analyzing the triggering conditions of the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, the third signal generator 12, and the fourth signal generator 13 at this time point, the tilting angle of the bucket device 3 can be judged. At this time point, if there is no signal, it means that the swing tilt of the bucket device 3 does not exceed 10°; if there are multiple groups of signals at the same time, the signal with the highest priority is the basis for judging the tilting angle of the bucket device 3. For example, at this time point, there are 3 signals generated by the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, and the third signal generator 12 at the same time. Only by recognizing the signal generated by the third signal generator 12 with the highest priority, it can be determined that the swing tilt angle of the bucket device 3 is between 30° and 40° at this time, regardless of the situation of other low-priority signals, making the judgment algorithm simple and reliable, and the detection response rapid.

[0055] Therefore, the processor 9 can accurately judge the swing tilt amplitude of the bucket device 3 during the practical operation exam by detecting the electrical signals generated by the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, the third signal generator 12, and the fourth signal generator 13, and can score the operations of the examinees based on this.

[0056] Embodiment 3

[0057] Embodiment 3 discloses a method for judging a practical operation exam of a crane using the device for judging the swing amplitude of a suspended object in the practical operation exam of the crane in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, including the following steps:

[0058] First step, fixedly install the judging mechanism 4 at the upper end of the bucket device 3, and conduct power-on debugging. After the debugging is completed, wait for the examinee to take the practical operation exam.

[0059] Second step, during the practical operation exam, the examinee first connects the bucket device 3 to the hook device 2 on the crane 1, and then performs corresponding hoisting, walking, turning, and lowering steps on the bucket device 3 according to the exam requirements.

[0060] In the third step, during the examination process, when the examinee operates properly, the bucket device 3 will not swing or will swing slightly. At this time, the processor 9 in the determination mechanism 4 will not receive the electrical signals generated by the first signal generator 8 or the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, the third signal generator 12, and the fourth signal generator 13. When the examination operation is improper, the bucket device 3 will swing significantly. When the swing amplitude of the bucket device 3 is large, the determination mechanism 4 will swing with the same amplitude as the bucket device 3. At this time, the liquid medium 501 contained in the liquid filling cylinder 5 will gather on one side, so that the corresponding trigger buoy 10 will move upward under the action of buoyancy. Then, the first trigger ball head 103 will trigger the first signal generator 8 or the first signal generator 8, the second signal generator 11, the third signal generator 12, and the fourth signal generator 13, causing them to generate electrical signals and feedback them to the processor 9. Then, the processor 9 will wirelessly transmit the information to the host computer in the examination center.

[0061] In the fourth step, after the examination is completed, the host computer will judge and grade according to the received electrical signals and the number of times they occur, and then comprehensively judge whether the examination is qualified in combination with other requirements during the practical operation examination.

[0062] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for judging the swing amplitude of a suspended object during the practical operation test of a crane, comprising a hanging bucket device connected to a hook device on the crane, characterized in that, A determination mechanism is installed at the upper end of the bucket device, and the determination mechanism is connected to the host computer of the examination center through a wireless transmission module; The determination mechanism includes a liquid-filled cylinder, a sealed cylinder, a first signal generator, a processor, and a power supply. The liquid-filled cylinder is connected to the upper end of the bucket device, and the liquid-filled cylinder contains a liquid medium. The sealed cylinder is hermetically connected to the upper end of the liquid-filled cylinder. An installation circular plate is provided at the upper end of the sealed cylinder. A plurality of the first signal generators are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the installation circular plate. The processor is arranged at the center of the installation circular plate, and the first signal generator is connected to the processor through a wire; A trigger buoy aligned with each first signal generator up and down is arranged in the sealed cylinder. The trigger buoy includes a slide rod vertically and limitedly penetrating through the bottom plate of the sealed cylinder. A floating ball acted on by the buoyancy of the liquid medium is connected to the lower end of the slide rod, and a first trigger ball head for triggering the first signal generator is connected to the upper end of the slide rod.

2. The device for judging the swing amplitude of the suspended object in the practical operation test of the crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination mechanism further includes a second signal generator, a third signal generator, and a fourth signal generator electrically connected to the processor through wires. A plurality of the fourth signal generators, third signal generators, second signal generators, and first signal generators are all circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the installation circular plate and are distributed in a divergent manner from the inside to the outside in sequence. A trigger buoy is arranged in the sealed cylinder directly below each of the second signal generators, third signal generators, and fourth signal generators.

3. The device for judging the swinging amplitude of the suspended load in the practical operation test of the crane according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first signal generator, second signal generator, third signal generator, and fourth signal generator are identically structured and each includes a housing and a signal generator device. The housing is fixedly arranged in a positioning hole on the installation circular plate. The signal generator device is fixedly installed at the upper end of the housing. The lower end of the housing is open for the first trigger ball head to extend in.

4. The device for judging the swinging amplitude of a lifted object in the practical operation examination of a crane according to claim 3, characterized in that The signal generator device is an inductive proximity switch, and the first trigger ball head is made of a metal material.

5. The device for judging the swinging amplitude of the lifted object in the practical operation test of the crane according to claim 3, wherein, The signal generator device is a contact microswitch. Second conductive ball heads are connected to both sides of the lower end of the signal generator device through elastic members. The first trigger ball head is made of a conductive material, and after the first conductive ball head extends into the housing, it contacts the second conductive ball heads on both sides simultaneously.

6. The device for judging the swinging amplitude of the suspended load in the practical operation test of the crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, Limit plates are arranged at both the upper and lower ends of the slide rod. The upper limit plate is located above the bottom plate of the sealed cylinder, and the lower limit plate is located below the bottom plate of the sealed cylinder. A return spring is sleeved on the slide rod, and both ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the bottom plate of the sealed cylinder and the upper or lower limit plate.

7. The device for judging the swing amplitude of the suspended load in the practical operation test of the crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, A drain port is arranged at the center of the bottom plate of the liquid-filled cylinder, and a maintenance valve is arranged at the lower end of the drain port.

8. The device for judging the swing amplitude of a suspended load in the practical operation examination of a crane according to claim 1, wherein The bucket device includes a counterweight bucket body. An installation circular groove for installing the determination mechanism is opened at the upper end of the counterweight bucket body. A fixing ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the counterweight bucket body, and a suspension ring is connected to the fixing ring through a steel cable.

9. A judgment method using the swing amplitude judgment device for the lifting object in the practical operation examination of the crane according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Fix and install the determination mechanism at the upper end of the bucket device, and conduct power-on debugging. After the debugging is completed, wait for the candidates to take the practical operation examination; During the practical operation exam, the candidate first connects the bucket device to the hook device on the crane, and then performs hoisting, walking, turning, and lowering operations according to the exam requirements. During the walking process, when the candidate operates properly, the bucket device will not swing or will swing slightly. At this time, the processor in the determination mechanism will not receive an electrical signal. When the candidate operates improperly, the entire bucket device will swing significantly with the determination mechanism, causing the liquid medium contained in the liquid-filled cylinder to gather on one side and maintain a horizontal state. As a result, the trigger buoy on the corresponding side will move upward under the action of buoyancy, and then the first trigger ball head will trigger the first signal generator, causing it to generate an electrical signal and feedback it to the processor. The processor will then wirelessly transmit the information to the upper computer in the exam center. After the exam is completed, the upper computer will judge and grade according to the received electrical signals and the number of times the electrical signals are generated, and then comprehensively judge whether the exam is qualified in combination with other requirements during the candidate's practical operation exam.

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