Voltage data encoding method, voltage data decoding method, energy storage system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a voltage data coding method, a voltage data decoding method, an energy storage system and a vehicle, and the voltage data coding method is applied to any subordinate controller in the energy storage system, and comprises the steps: obtaining the original voltage data of a plurality of single cells in the energy storage system; calculating a voltage interval value between adjacent voltage data in each piece of original voltage data; determining any voltage data from the original voltage data as reference voltage data, and acquiring reference position information of the reference voltage data in a sequence formed by the original voltage data; and encoding the reference voltage data and a voltage interval value stored according to the reference position information to obtain encoded voltage data. According to the invention, the data transmission time consumption is effectively reduced, and the data transmission efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly to a voltage data encoding method, a voltage data decoding method, an energy storage system, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of energy storage applications, the scale of energy storage grouping is getting larger and larger, tending to increase the number of clusters. The overall control of the energy storage system is generally used for system decision-making, and the master control of the energy storage system is used for the collection of information. The overall control needs to read in real time the detailed cell, detailed temperature, state of charge (SOC), internal resistance of the cell, and other battery data collected by each master control.

[0003] Currently, the energy storage system mainly has a three-level architecture. Among them, the battery cluster management unit (BCU) communicates with the battery array management unit (BAU) and transmits voltage management data. When the BAU manages a large number of BCUs, there is a large amount of data to be transmitted. Therefore, as the amount of transmitted data increases, the data transmission time increases accordingly, and it is particularly important to improve the transmission efficiency.

[0004] Currently, for the problem of how to reduce the data transmission time and improve the data transmission efficiency in the related art, no effective solution has been proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide a voltage data encoding method, a voltage data decoding method, an energy storage system, and a vehicle, so as to at least solve the problem of how to reduce the data transmission time and improve the data transmission efficiency in the related art.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a voltage data encoding method, which is applied to any lower-level controller in an energy storage system; the method includes:

[0007] Obtain the original voltage data of each of a plurality of individual battery cells in the energy storage system;

[0008] Determine any voltage data as the reference voltage data from the original voltage data, and obtain the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the sequence formed by the original voltage data;

[0009] Calculate the voltage interval value between adjacent voltage data in each of the original voltage data;

[0010] Perform encoding processing on the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information to obtain encoded voltage data.

[0011] In some of the embodiments, the encoding process for the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information to obtain encoded voltage data includes:

[0012] Based on the voltage interval values, calculate the encoded voltage storage space;

[0013] Perform an encoding process on the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored in the corresponding encoded voltage storage space according to the reference position information to obtain the encoded voltage data.

[0014] In some of the embodiments, the calculation of the voltage interval values between adjacent voltage data among the respective original voltage data includes:

[0015] Perform a sorting process on the respective original voltage data to obtain a first sequence of voltage data, and calculate the voltage interval values between adjacent voltage data pairwise in the first sequence of voltage data;

[0016] The obtaining of the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the sequence formed by the original voltage data includes:

[0017] Determine the sequence formed by the original voltage data as the first sequence of voltage data, and obtain the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the first sequence of voltage data.

[0018] In some of the embodiments, the calculation of the voltage interval values between adjacent voltage data pairwise in the first sequence of voltage data includes:

[0019] Perform a duplicate removal process on the first sequence of voltage data to obtain a second sequence of voltage data, and calculate the voltage interval values between adjacent voltage data pairwise in the second sequence of voltage data;

[0020] The obtaining of the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the sequence formed by the original voltage data includes:

[0021] Determine the sequence formed by the original voltage data as the second sequence of voltage data, and obtain the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the second sequence of voltage data.

[0022] In some of the embodiments, the calculation of the voltage interval values between adjacent voltage data pairwise in the second sequence of voltage data includes:

[0023] Calculate the initial interval values between adjacent voltage data pairwise in the second sequence of voltage data;

[0024] In the case that among the detected initial interval values, there is a mutant interval value greater than a preset interval threshold, based on the mutant interval value, perform cyclic rolling processing on the second sequence voltage data to obtain third sequence voltage data;

[0025] Based on the third sequence voltage data, calculate the voltage interval value.

[0026] In some embodiments, the encoding the reference voltage data and the voltage interval value stored according to the reference position information to obtain encoded voltage data includes:

[0027] Obtain the number of hit battery cells corresponding to each of the original voltage data; the sequence information of the number of hit battery cells is consistent with the sequence information of the second sequence voltage data;

[0028] Encode the reference voltage data, the voltage interval value stored according to the reference position information, and the number of hit battery cells stored according to the reference position information to obtain the encoded voltage data.

[0029] In some embodiments, after encoding the reference voltage data and the voltage interval value stored according to the reference position information to obtain encoded voltage data, the method further includes:

[0030] Obtain sampling period data, start frame identification information, and / or statistical voltage quantity; the statistical voltage quantity is obtained based on the original voltage data;

[0031] Generate a header message according to the sampling period data, the start frame identification information, and / or the statistical voltage quantity, and add the header message to the encoded voltage data to obtain a target transmission message.

[0032] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a voltage data decoding method, which is applied to a superior controller in an energy storage system, and the superior controller is respectively connected to each subordinate controller in the energy storage system; the method includes:

[0033] Receive the encoded voltage data of the subordinate controller; the encoded voltage data is encoded according to the voltage data encoding method described in the first aspect above;

[0034] Parse the reference voltage data and the voltage interval value stored according to the reference position information from the encoded voltage data; decode the original voltage data of each of the multiple single battery cells in the energy storage system according to the reference voltage data and the voltage interval value.

[0035] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage system, including a plurality of subordinate controllers and a superior controller; wherein, the superior controller is respectively connected to each of the subordinate controllers;

[0036] The subordinate controller is configured to perform the voltage data encoding method as described in the first aspect above;

[0037] The superior controller is configured to perform the voltage data decoding method as described in the second aspect above.

[0038] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, including the energy storage system as described in the third aspect above.

[0039] Compared with the related art, the voltage data encoding method, voltage data decoding method, energy storage system and vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present application obtain the respective original voltage data of a plurality of single cells in the energy storage system; calculate the voltage interval values between adjacent voltage data among the respective original voltage data; determine any voltage data as the reference voltage data from the original voltage data, and obtain the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the sequence formed by the original voltage data; perform encoding processing on the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information to obtain encoded voltage data; based on this, effectively compresses the voltage data to be transmitted, is beneficial to removing redundant data, reduces the amount of data transmitted from the subordinate controller to the superior controller in the energy storage system, thereby effectively reducing the data transmission time-consuming while ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the transmitted data, and improving the data transmission efficiency.

[0040] Details of one or more embodiments of the present application are set forth in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects, and advantages of the present application more concise and understandable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and form a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a terminal for a voltage data decoding method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 is a schematic architecture diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a voltage data encoding method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of a cyclic rolling processing procedure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of a voltage data decoding method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear and understandable, the present application will be described and explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided in the present application without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it can also be understood that although the efforts made in this development process may be complex and lengthy, for those of ordinary skill in the art related to the content disclosed in the present application, some design, manufacturing or production changes made on the basis of the technical content disclosed in the present application are only conventional technical means and should not be understood as the content disclosed in the present application being insufficient.

[0049] Referring to "embodiment" in the present application means that a specific feature, structure or characteristic described in combination with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears in various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described in the present application can be combined with other embodiments without conflict.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms involved in this application shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those with ordinary skills in the technical field to which this application belongs. The words such as "a", "an", "one kind", "the" and the like involved in this application do not indicate a limitation in quantity and may represent a singular or plural number. The terms "comprising", "including", "having" and any variations thereof involved in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or modules (units) is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may further include unlisted steps or units, or may further include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The words such as "connected", "coupled" and the like involved in this application are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The "plurality" involved in this application means greater than or equal to two. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The terms "first", "second", "third" and the like involved in this application are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order of the objects.

[0051] The method embodiments provided in this embodiment can be executed on a terminal, a computer or a similar computing device. Taking running on a terminal as an example, Figure 1 is a hardware structural block diagram of a terminal for a voltage data encoding method according to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, the terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1 only one is shown in Figure 1 a processor 102 (the processor 102 may include, but is not limited to, a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a field programmable gate array FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data. Optionally, the above terminal may further include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input / output device 108. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that Figure 1 the structure shown is only schematic and does not limit the structure of the above terminal. For example, the terminal may further include more or fewer components than Figure 1 shown, or have a different configuration from

[0052] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, such as software programs and modules of application software, such as the computer program corresponding to the voltage data encoding method in the embodiments of the present application. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, that is, implements the above method. The memory 104 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memories, or other non-volatile solid-state memories. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include a memory remotely disposed relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to the terminal through a network. Examples of the above network include but are not limited to the Internet, enterprise intranet, local area network, mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0053] The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the above network may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the terminal. In one instance, the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, abbreviated as NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station and thus communicate with the Internet. In one instance, the transmission device 106 can be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0054] It should be noted that the voltage data encoding method provided in this embodiment can be used in any lower-level controller in the energy storage system. The lower-level controller refers to a device in the energy storage system that is used to manage and control a battery cluster composed of multiple battery modules. Specifically, taking the energy storage system adopting a three-level energy storage architecture as an example, please refer to Figure 2 , in this three-level system architecture, it includes a BAU as the upper-level controller, a BCU as the lower-level controller with a lower control level relative to the upper-level controller, and a battery cell management unit (Battery Module Unit, BMU) as the lower-level controller with a lower control level relative to the lower-level controller. Among them, CAN communication is carried out between the BAU and multiple BCUs, and each BCU is communicatively connected to multiple BMUs in a daisy-chain form.

[0055] In the above architecture, the BAU can perform total voltage sampling in two ways. One is to obtain the total system voltage through the high-speed analog-to-digital (AD) sampling chip on the current and voltage sensor (CVS) module externally connected to the BAU in a daisy-chain structure. The BAU can usually obtain the collected total voltage from the CVS module at a period of 10 ms (the AD conversion time is much less than the 10 ms period). The other is to receive the voltage data of each series of single-cell batteries collected by the BMU indirectly through the communication bus and calculate the sum. Similarly, the BMU also samples the voltage data of single-cell batteries through the multi-channel AD sampling chip configured in it. The number of single-cell batteries is large. Taking the BCU collecting 416 series as an example, the BCU can usually collect the voltage of all single-cell batteries at a period of 100 ms (the AD conversion time is much less than the 100 ms period). However, the process of the BAU receiving the voltage data of single-cell batteries from the BCU is limited by the rate of the long-distance communication bus, resulting in too long data reception time. For example, when transmitting with a CAN message at 250 Kbps, each BCU sends the data of 4 series of single-cell batteries at a period of 10 ms (the CAN message transmits 8 bytes, and the effective range of each single-cell battery is [0, 5000], and the data length is 2 bytes), and a total of 104 cycles are required. Therefore, it can be calculated that it takes 1040 ms to receive all the single-cell battery data. Therefore, when calculating the total system voltage by the second method, the data transmission duration between systems is about 1100 ms (including the 100 ms required for the BCU to collect and the 1040 ms for the BCU to send to the BAU).

[0056] Based on this, it can be known that the theoretical interval time of the total voltage obtained by the BAU through the two paths is about 1100 ms. Therefore, there is a problem that the data transmission time between systems is too long and the synchronization of the total voltage obtained by the two paths is poor.

[0057] To improve the above problems, this embodiment provides a voltage data encoding method, Figure 3 which is a flowchart of a voltage data encoding method according to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 3 shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0058] Step S310, obtain the original voltage data of multiple single-cell batteries in the energy storage system respectively.

[0059] In this embodiment, first, the lower-level controller is responsible for collecting the original voltage data of multiple single-cell batteries. Taking Figure 2Taking the three - level energy storage architecture shown as an example, the BMU is directly connected to a single battery module, and the raw voltage data of each single - cell battery is collected through multiple analog front - ends (such as 32 analog front - ends); each analog unit is responsible for collecting the raw voltage data of a corresponding single - cell battery. Finally, the BMU transmits each piece of raw voltage data to the BCU (lower - level controller) through a daisy - chain communication structure.

[0060] Step S320, calculate the voltage interval values between adjacent voltage data among all the raw voltage data.

[0061] Specifically, first determine groups of adjacent voltage data from all the raw voltage data. For example, determine the i - th raw voltage data and the (i + 1) - th raw voltage data as adjacent voltage data; i is a natural number. Or, when permitted by the embodiment, the sequence number interval between two adjacent voltage data in each group can also be set to 2 or other numbers. For example, determine the i - th raw voltage data and the (i + 2) - th raw voltage data as adjacent voltage data, as long as the voltage value increment between all the raw voltage data can be counted.

[0062] Calculate the difference between each pair of adjacent voltage data to obtain the voltage interval value. Among them, the multiple calculated voltage interval values can be stored in an appropriate data structure, such as in the form of an array or a matrix, for subsequent processing.

[0063] Step S330, determine any voltage data from the raw voltage data as the reference voltage data, and obtain the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the sequence formed by the raw voltage data.

[0064] It should be noted that for the above - mentioned reference voltage data, a voltage data can be selected from all the raw voltage data based on a selection strategy preset according to the actual situation, such as selecting the maximum value, the minimum value, or the median value, etc.; or a random voltage data can also be selected from each raw voltage data as the reference voltage data. Then, in order for the upper - level controller in the subsequent energy storage system to accurately parse and restore the encoded voltage data sent by the lower - level controller, in this embodiment, it is also necessary to record the position index of the reference voltage data in the sequence composed of all the raw voltage data, that is, determine the reference position information.

[0065] Step S340, perform encoding processing on the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information to obtain the encoded voltage data.

[0066] Among them, the storage method of each voltage interval value can be: based on the reference position information of the reference voltage data, determine the target interval value corresponding to the reference voltage data from each voltage interval value, and starting from this target interval value, store each voltage interval value sequentially. For example, in the above sequence composed of all the original voltage data, it includes original voltage data C0, C1, ……, C i 、……、C n ; where C i represents the i-th original voltage data in the current sequence, and n is the number of original voltage data minus 1. Correspondingly, the voltage interval values between adjacent voltage data in each of the original voltage data calculated through the above steps are sequentially represented as D0, D1, ……, D i 、……、D m ; where D i represents the i-th voltage interval value, and D i = D i+1 - D i ; m is the number of original voltage data minus 2. If the first voltage data (which can be represented by C0) is selected from all the original voltage data as the reference voltage data, the reference position information of this reference voltage data in the sequence formed by the original voltage data can be determined to be 0; thus, based on this reference position information, the target interval value D0 corresponding to the reference voltage data can be further determined. Next, place D0 at the position adjacent to C0, and starting from C0, place the other voltage interval values in sequence, so as to combine the reference voltage data and each voltage interval value to form a data sequence.

[0067] All in all, to ensure the accuracy of data encoding and decoding, when constructing the data sequence for encoding, the order of the voltage interval values corresponds to the reference position of the reference voltage data. That is, consider the target interval value that matches the position of the reference voltage data among each voltage interval value as a breakpoint, place this breakpoint at the position adjacent to the reference voltage data, and starting from this breakpoint, place each of the other voltage interval values except this target interval value among all the voltage interval values in sequence.

[0068] Finally, encode the above combined data sequence so as to convert it into a data format suitable for transmission to obtain the encoded voltage data. Generally, for the convenience of data transmission between the lower-level controller and the upper-level controller in the energy storage system, the above data sequence can be encoded into a CAN message, convert each value in the data sequence into a binary number in sequence, and construct a CAN message (that is, the encoded voltage data) according to the specific communication protocol and frame ID rule, and the lower-level controller transmits the CAN message to the upper-level controller in the energy storage system at high speed.

[0069] In the above voltage data encoding method, the lower-level controller recodes the intervals between the calculated original voltage data of each string and the reference power supply data, and finally obtains the encoded voltage data, realizing effective compression of the voltage data to be transmitted, which is beneficial to removing redundant data, reducing the amount of data transmitted from the lower-level controller to the upper-level controller in the energy storage system, thereby effectively reducing the data transmission time-consuming while ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the transmitted data, and improving the data transmission efficiency; at the same time, it also improves the synchronization of obtaining the total system voltage on two paths in the energy storage system architecture, that is, obtaining the total voltage of each string of battery cells through the communication bus and obtaining the total system voltage through the external CVS module, and reducing the data transmission delay between the two paths.

[0070] In some of these embodiments, the above encoding process for the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information to obtain the encoded voltage data may further include the following steps:

[0071] Based on the voltage interval value, calculate the encoded voltage storage space; encode the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored in the corresponding encoded voltage storage space according to the reference position information to obtain the encoded voltage data.

[0072] In order to ensure that the upper-level controller can accurately read the data values of each string after receiving the encoded voltage data, in this embodiment, each voltage interval value can be stored according to the pre-set encoded voltage storage space. Specifically, the maximum value among the voltage interval values can be counted, and the encoded voltage storage space required for the voltage interval value can be determined according to the number of bytes required for the maximum value among the counted voltage interval values; each voltage interval value is stored according to this determined encoded voltage storage space to prevent data overflow. Finally, the maximum value among the voltage interval values, the reference voltage data, and the voltage interval values stored in the required encoded voltage storage space according to the reference position information are encoded. Table 1 shows a coded data sequence of one of the structures, as shown in Table 1:

[0073] Table 1

[0074] D_max <![CDATA[C0]]> <![CDATA[D0]]> <![CDATA[D1]]> …… <![CDATA[D m >

[0075] In Table 1 above, D_max is used to represent the maximum value among the voltage interval values; and, C0 is used as the determined reference voltage data, D0 determined based on the reference position information of this reference voltage data is placed at C0, and the remaining other voltage interval values are filled in sequence.

[0076] Exemplarily, if among the calculated voltage interval values through the above steps, the maximum value is 1400 mV, then during binary encoding, the longest length (i.e., the encoded voltage storage space) required for each voltage interval value can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0077]

[0078] In the above formula, Long1 represents the encoded voltage storage space, represents the smallest integer not less than x (i.e., rounding up). Substituting D_max = 1400 into the above formula, the calculated encoded voltage storage space is 11 bit. Of course, during each data transmission process, due to the different value-taking and distribution situations of the collected voltage data, the calculated value of the encoded voltage storage space will also be different each time.

[0079] At this time, construct the encoded data sequence according to the structure shown in Table 1 for the above groups of data. The data filled in the bit where D_max is located is 1400, and D0, D1,..., D m are filled with their corresponding values in sequence, and the length occupied by each value (i.e., the encoded voltage storage space) is set to 11 bit; in addition, the voltage values of all single-cell batteries will not exceed 5000 mV. Therefore, after D_max and C0 are encoded into binary, the number of bytes occupied by both will not exceed 13 bit. Just directly set the number of bytes occupied by the bit where C0 is located to 13 bit, and there is no need to additionally transmit the maximum value in the original voltage data.

[0080] In this way, when the superior controller decodes the received encoded voltage data, it can parse and read each group of data according to the set number of bytes in sequence. Still taking Table 1 above as an example, during data decoding, the superior controller starts from the first bit, reads 13-bit binary data to obtain the value of D_max, and then reads 13-bit binary data to obtain the value of C0; then calculates the length occupied by each voltage interval value as 11 bit according to the read D_max, and continues to read a series of D0, D1,..., D m starting from the first bit after the C0 value in sequence with a length of 11 bit each time. Finally, restore the original voltage data according to the read reference voltage data and voltage interval values to complete the decoding process.

[0081] Through the above embodiments, the encoded voltage storage space required for each interval value is statistically calculated in combination with the voltage interval values, enabling the superior controller to accurately read each interval value, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of data transmission.

[0082] In some of the embodiments, calculating the interval value between adjacent voltage data among the above-mentioned original voltage data may further include the following steps:

[0083] Sort the respective original voltage data to obtain the first-sequence voltage data, and calculate the voltage interval values between adjacent voltage data in the first-sequence voltage data, pairwise.

[0084] Specifically, to ensure the data calculation accuracy and efficiency during the encoding process, in this embodiment, the respective original voltage data can also be sorted in a certain order, and subsequent processing can be performed on the first-sequence voltage data obtained after sorting, thereby further optimizing the encoding method. Generally, considering that the voltage interval values between the original voltage data need to be calculated, the sorting can be performed according to the numerical magnitudes of the respective original voltage data, and sorting algorithms such as bucket sorting can be used. In this way, in the first-sequence voltage data obtained after the above sorting process, the voltage values are arranged in ascending or descending order; then, by calculating the difference between every two adjacent voltage data in the first-sequence voltage data, the above voltage interval values can be obtained.

[0085] On this basis, the above obtaining the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the sequence formed by the original voltage data may further include the following steps:

[0086] Determine the sequence formed by the original voltage data as the first-sequence voltage data, and obtain the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the first-sequence voltage data.

[0087] It should be understood that since the order of the voltage interval values corresponds to the reference position of the reference voltage data, therefore, since the original voltage data is sorted according to the numerical magnitude to determine the first-sequence voltage data, and the respective voltage interval values are calculated through the first-sequence voltage data, in this embodiment, the first-sequence voltage data needs to be regarded as the sequence formed by the current original voltage data, and further, the position index of the reference voltage data in the first-sequence voltage data is determined as the reference position information, which ensures the accuracy and consistency of determining the voltage interval value matching the reference voltage data based on the reference position information.

[0088] In some of the embodiments, the above calculating the voltage interval values between adjacent voltage data in the first-sequence voltage data may further include the following steps:

[0089] Perform a deduplication process on the first-sequence voltage data to obtain the second-sequence voltage data, and calculate the voltage interval values between adjacent voltage data in the second-sequence voltage data, pairwise.

[0090] Among them, for the original voltage data of all individual battery cells collected, it is inevitable that there will be some cases where the voltage values are the same; for this situation, the encoded data can be further optimized. Specifically, the voltage data with the same voltage value is statistically obtained from the above-mentioned sorted first-sequence voltage data. For each group of voltage data with the same voltage value, only one voltage data is retained, and the remaining duplicate voltage data is removed. In this way, the above-mentioned second-sequence voltage data is obtained. Then, the difference between every two adjacent voltage data in the second-sequence voltage data is calculated to obtain the above-mentioned voltage interval value. It can be seen that through the above method, duplicate values in the transmission data can be eliminated, thereby further reducing the data transmission volume in the energy storage system and facilitating the improvement of data transmission efficiency.

[0091] It should also be understood that although in this embodiment, the first-sequence voltage data is de-duplicated, that is, the original voltage data is sorted first and then de-duplicated, but when permitted by the embodiment, of course, these two processing steps can also be swapped, that is, the original voltage data is de-duplicated first, and then the de-duplicated voltage data is sorted from small to large. This application does not make any limitations in this regard.

[0092] On the basis of obtaining the second-sequence voltage data, the above-mentioned method for obtaining the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the sequence formed by the original voltage data may further include the following steps:

[0093] Determine the sequence formed by the original voltage data as the second-sequence voltage data, and obtain the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the second-sequence voltage data.

[0094] Since in this embodiment, the voltage data in the first-sequence voltage data is processed to remove duplicate values, the position indexes of the voltage data in the second-sequence voltage data obtained after de-duplication will change compared with the voltage data in the first-sequence voltage data. To ensure the accuracy of encoding, similar to the method for determining the reference position information based on the first-sequence voltage data, in this step, the second-sequence voltage data is regarded as the sequence formed by the current original voltage data, and then the position index of the reference voltage data in the second-sequence voltage data is determined as the reference position information, thereby further ensuring the accuracy of data encoding.

[0095] In addition, for the above-mentioned embodiment of voltage data de-duplication, in order to enable the upper-level controller to accurately restore the original voltage data, it is also necessary to add data reflecting the voltage value distribution. Among them, after obtaining the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the second-sequence voltage data, the above-mentioned voltage data encoding method may further include the following steps:

[0096] Obtain the number of hit cells corresponding to each original voltage data; the sequence information of the number of hit cells is consistent with the sequence information of the second sequence voltage data; encode the reference voltage data, the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information, and the number of hit cells stored according to the reference position information to obtain encoded voltage data.

[0097] Specifically, sequentially count the number of cells hit by each original voltage data. For example, if it is statistically found that among the original voltage data of each individual cell, the original voltage data of the 3rd to 5th individual cells is a voltage value of 2500 mV, then it can be determined that the number of hit cells corresponding to the voltage value of 2500 mV is 3; at the same time, sort the number of cells corresponding to each original voltage data statistically obtained according to the magnitude of the voltage value to obtain the number of hit cells, so that the sequence information of the sorted number of hit cells is consistent with the second sequence voltage data, thereby ensuring the accuracy of data transmission.

[0098] Alternatively, it is also possible to obtain the number of hit cells corresponding to each voltage data in the second sequence voltage data based on the original voltage data. In this way, the obtained number of hit cells is already sorted according to the numerical magnitude. For example, for the voltage data of 2500 mv in the second sequence voltage data read, if it is statistically found that the voltage values of the original voltage data of the 3rd to 5th individual cells are all 2500 mV, then it can be determined that the number of hit cells corresponding to the voltage value of 2500 mV is 3.

[0099] Through the above method, construct a sequence of the number of hit cells sorted in the order of the second sequence voltage data, and this sequence can be expressed as Value_Cell_Size = VS_0, VS_1, VS_2, ……, VS_i, ……, VS_p; VS_i represents the number of hit cells at the i-th position, and SUN(VS_i) = the number of cells; p is the number of data in the second sequence voltage data. Based on the statistically obtained number of hit cells for each, the voltage data distribution of all individual cells can be accurately transmitted.

[0100] It can be determined therefrom that the number of hit cells, the voltage interval value, and the position index (i.e., the reference position information) of the reference voltage data in the second sequence voltage data are matched.

[0101] Similar to the above method of sequentially storing each voltage interval value based on the reference position information, in this embodiment, it is also possible to determine the target number of cells corresponding to the reference voltage data from all the number of hit cells based on the reference position information, and use this target number of cells as a breakpoint, and sequentially store all the number of hit cells starting from this breakpoint.

[0102] It should also be noted that, to ensure the accuracy of data decoding, the maximum value among the number of hit battery cells can be counted, and the maximum storage space of the encoded battery cells required for each number of hit battery cells can be determined according to the maximum value of the number of hit battery cells; according to the calculated storage space of the encoded battery cells, each number of hit battery cells is stored, and at the same time, the maximum value of the counted number of hit battery cells is also encoded as encoded voltage data.

[0103] Table 2 shows the encoded data sequence of another structure of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 2:

[0104] Table 2

[0105] D_max VS_max <![CDATA[C0]]> VS_0 <![CDATA[D0]]> VS_1 <![CDATA[D1]]> …… VS_p <![CDATA[D m >

[0106] For the above D_max, C0, D i Specific examples can refer to the examples described in Table 1 above, which will not be elaborated here. In addition, in Table 2 above, VS_max is used to represent the maximum value of the number of hit battery cells. For example, if the calculated maximum value of the number of hit battery cells is 249, then when performing binary encoding, the maximum length (i.e., the storage space of the encoded battery cells) required for each number of hit battery cells can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0107]

[0108] In the above formula, Long2 represents the storage space of the encoded battery cells. Substituting VS_max = 249 into the above formula, the storage space of the encoded battery cells is calculated. Of course, during each data transmission process, due to the different value-taking and distribution situations of the collected voltage data, the calculated value of the storage space of the encoded battery cells will also be different each time.

[0109] Construct the encoded data sequence for each group of data according to the structure shown in Table 2. The data filled in the bit where VS_max is located is 249, and VS_0, VS_1,..., VS_p are filled with their corresponding values in sequence, and the length occupied by each value (i.e., the storage space of the encoded battery cells) is set to 8bit. In addition, since the most extreme case is that the voltage values of all single battery cells are the same, the length occupied by VS_max can be fixed according to the number of single battery cells.

[0110] When the upper controller decodes the received encoded voltage data, starting from the first bit, it sequentially reads D_max, VS_max, and C0 with a fixed length. Based on VS_max and D_max, it calculates the lengths occupied by the number of hit battery cells and the voltage interval value respectively. Then, it continues to read the number of hit battery cells and the voltage interval value according to the calculated occupied lengths. Starting from the reference voltage data C0, it iteratively calculates each voltage data based on each voltage interval value. For example, C1 = C0 + D0, C2 = C1 + D1, ……, C i+1 = C i + D i , restores the above second-sequence voltage data, and determines the number of battery cells corresponding to each voltage value according to the number of hit battery cells read. Finally, it decodes and restores the original voltage data of all individual battery cells.

[0111] Through the above embodiments, for the encoding method of sorting and de-duplicating the original voltage data and then re-encoding, the number of hit battery cells is also calculated, and encoding is performed in combination with the number of hit battery cells. Thus, a data transmission method is realized in which, under the condition of the minimum data volume transmission, the upper controller can accurately restore the voltage value distribution of the original voltage data, avoiding the problem that when decoding the encoded compressed data, some voltage values with equal values may be de-duplicated but the voltage value distribution cannot be restored, resulting in decoding errors, and effectively improving the accuracy and efficiency of data transmission.

[0112] In some of the embodiments, calculating the voltage interval value between adjacent voltage data in the second-sequence voltage data may further include the following steps:

[0113] Calculate the initial interval value between adjacent voltage data in the second-sequence voltage data; in the case where a mutation interval value greater than a preset interval threshold is detected in the initial interval values, based on the mutation interval value, perform a cyclic rolling process on the second-sequence voltage data to obtain a third-sequence voltage data; based on the third-sequence voltage data, calculate the voltage interval value.

[0114] The above preset interval threshold is used to detect whether the interval value between voltage data is too large to generate a mutation; the preset interval threshold can be determined according to the average value or median value of each calculated initial interval value, or can also be artificially set in advance based on prior knowledge, etc.

[0115] Specifically, please refer to FIG. 4. For the second sequence of voltage data after sorting and duplicate removal, the voltage values from C0' to C7' are 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500, 1600, and 4600 respectively; C0' represents the first voltage data in the second sequence of voltage data, and so on. Through statistical analysis, it can be known that the voltage interval value D6 obtained by C7' - C6' is 3000, which is the largest among all voltage interval values and is significantly hundreds of times higher than other voltage interval values. Therefore, this voltage interval value D6 is determined as the mutation interval value.

[0116] In order to minimize the data positions occupied by the voltage interval value, based on the position index of the mutation interval value, the number of cyclic rolls of the second sequence of voltage data is determined. In Figure 4 it, the mutation interval value is at the last position, so the second sequence of voltage data is connected end to end and rolled by one position; if the mutation interval value is at the penultimate position, the second sequence of voltage data is connected end to end and rolled by two positions, and so on.

[0117] After the above cyclic roll processing, the third sequence of voltage data is obtained. Still taking Figure 4 as an example, the voltage values from C0'' to C7'' are 4600, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500, and 1600 respectively; C0'' represents the first voltage data in the third sequence of voltage data, and so on. For this sequence, it is calculated that C1'' - C0'' = -3600. It should be noted here that since there is no negative voltage value, the calculated value needs to be added with the value range length; this value range refers to the value range of the original voltage data of all single cells. Generally, the value range is [0, 5000]. That is, for the calculated value of -3600 above, 5000 also needs to be added, that is, the maximum difference is 1400, and finally the voltage interval value is calculated.

[0118] Through the above method, based on the roll processing of the voltage sequence, the difference between adjacent voltage data is effectively reduced. For the case where there are mutation values in the uniformly distributed data, the number of data bits occupied can be minimized, thereby further reducing the data transmission volume and improving the data transmission efficiency.

[0119] In some of the embodiments, after encoding the above reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information to obtain the encoded voltage data, the above voltage data encoding method further includes the following steps:

[0120] Obtain sampling period data, start frame identification information, and / or the number of statistical voltages; the number of statistical voltages is obtained based on the original voltage data; generate a header message according to the sampling period data, start frame identification information, and / or the number of statistical voltages, and add the header message to the encoded voltage data to obtain the target transmission message.

[0121] Among them, the sampling period data refers to the time interval between each acquisition of voltage data. In this embodiment, after the upper-level controller and the lower-level controller align the sampling starting points, the number of sampling periods passed by the statistical BCU starting from the sampling starting point is counted. This field can be expressed as Data TimeStamp Counter. The start frame identification information is used to identify the start of the voltage data sequence and can be represented by the 1-bit IsOrNotFristSegment flag bit. In multi-frame data transmission, the start frame identification can help the receiving end distinguish the start and end of different data sequences and avoid data confusion. And the number of statistical voltages is obtained based on the original voltage data and is represented by the N value. The number of statistical voltages can be the number of original voltage data or the number of voltage data in the second sequence of voltage data obtained after sorting and removing duplicates from the original voltage data; this information can help the subsequent process decode accurately and smoothly.

[0122] Finally, generate a header message containing the above additional information. After generating the header message, it needs to be added to the encoded voltage data to form a complete target transmission message. The encoded voltage data refers to the original voltage data that has undergone encoding processing (such as compression, encryption, etc.). As the upper-level controller of the receiving party, after receiving the target transmission message, it can parse and reorganize the encoded voltage data according to the information in the header message. By adding the header message, the upper-level controller can more easily understand the structure and meaning of the data, thereby performing more accurate analysis and processing.

[0123] This embodiment also provides a method for decoding voltage data, which is applied to the upper-level controller in the energy storage system; the upper-level controller is a device that controls the entire battery system. The upper-level controller is respectively connected to each lower-level controller in the energy storage system.

[0124] Figure 5 is a flowchart of a method for decoding voltage data according to an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 5 shown, and the process includes the following steps:

[0125] Step S510, receive the encoded voltage data from the lower-level controller; the encoded voltage data is encoded according to the voltage data encoding method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0126] Step S520: Parse the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information from the encoded voltage data; decode the original voltage data of each individual cell in the energy storage system based on the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values.

[0127] The following elaborates on the present application with specific embodiments. Taking 416 series of individual cells as an example, Figure 6 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 6 shown, the process includes:

[0128] Step S601: The BCU collects the original voltage data.

[0129] Among them, assume the original voltage data collected by the BCU is: Cell_Volt = C0, C1,..., C i 、……、C n (C i represents the voltage of the i-th series of cells, 0 ≤ C i ≤ 5000, 0 ≤ i ≤ 415).

[0130] Step S602: Sort the original voltage data Cell_Volt in ascending order and remove duplicate values to obtain the second sequence of voltage data.

[0131] The above-mentioned second sequence of voltage data is expressed as: Sorted_Cell_Volt = C0', C1',..., C i ’、……、C p ’; where C i ’ represents the voltage of the x-th cell after sorting and removing duplicates, 0 ≤ C i ’≤ 5000, 0 ≤ i ≤ 415, and satisfies: C i+1 ’≥=C i ’. Please note that due to the duplicate removal operation, the actual length of Sorted_Cell_Volt will be less than 416. Additionally, in order to minimize the maximum value of the interval between two values (C i+1 ’–C i ’), array cyclic rolling is required.

[0132] Step S603: Calculate the voltage interval values between adjacent voltage data in the second sequence of voltage data and record the maximum value among the voltage interval values.

[0133] Specifically, calculate the interval values CV_Delta = D0, D1,..., D i、 ……、D m between adjacent two voltage data in the second sequence of voltage data Sorted_Cell_Volt, D i =Ci+1 –C i and 0 ≤ m ≤ 414; Record the maximum value in the CV_Delta sequence as D_Max. Among them, considering the value range of the voltage data, the maximum interval value will not exceed 5000 either. Therefore, when representing D_max in binary, the number of bits occupied is less than 13 bits. Therefore, the occupied length of D_max can be fixed at 13 bits.

[0134] Step S604, calculate the number of battery cells hit by each voltage data, and record the maximum value among the number of hit battery cells.

[0135] Step S605, after the above calculations are completed, encode and construct a message.

[0136] Among them, construct the message in the format shown in Table 3 below:

[0137] Table 3

[0138]

[0139] The second row in Table 3 above is used to illustrate the length occupied by each group of data.

[0140] In addition, the structure of the header message Header is as shown in Table 4 below:

[0141] Table 4

[0142]

[0143] Among them, Data TimeStamp Counter means that after the BAU and BCU are aligned to the starting point of sampling, this field needs to be filled when the BCU sends messages periodically. This field represents how many sampling periods have passed and counts cyclically. If the BCU sends messages through CAN, 8 bytes are sent in 1 CAN message, and the message will be truncated. Therefore, each message needs to carry a Header, and the BAU judges whether it is the starting data frame through this bit of the received message Header; when the starting frame is read, the buffer needs to be cleared to prepare for reception and calculation. The N value is used to store the sequence length of the second sequence of voltage data. The maximum value of n does not exceed 416, so it occupies 9 bits.

[0144] Through the above steps S601 to S605, actual calculations are carried out, and the calculation results are as follows:

[0145] For the optimal scenario, that is, the battery cell values of 416 strings of voltages are the same, for example, all are 3500 mV, the following sequence can be obtained:

[0146] Sorted_Cell_Volt = {3500}

[0147] Value_Cell_Size = {416}

[0148] The total length of the message Len = (Header length) 18 + (fixed length) 13 + (fixed length) 9 + (fixed length of C_0) 13 + (length occupied by the value of 416) 9 = 62 bit. It can be completely sent using 1 CAN message of 8 bytes, saving 99% of the messages.

[0149] For the worst-case scenario, that is, the voltage values of the 416 series cells are all different. For example: C i = i × 10, then there is:

[0150] Sorted_Cell_Volt = {0, 10, 20, 30, 40, ……, 4160}

[0151] CV_Delta = {10, 10, 10, 10, …, 10}

[0152] Value_Cell_Size = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, ……, 1}

[0153] The total length of the message Len = (Header length) 18 + (fixed length) 13 + (fixed length) 9 + (fixed length of C0_) 13 + (length occupied by the value of 1) 1 + [(length occupied by the value of 10) 4 + (length occupied by the value of 1) 1] × 415 = 2136 bit. It can be completed for transmission using about 40 CAN messages of 8 bytes.

[0154] When the cells are working normally, the possibility of the cell voltages repeating conforms to a normal distribution, and the probability of the worst-case scenario occurring is very low. The probability of the actual total message length being 500 - 1500 bit is relatively large. Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that the embodiment of the present application has a very high transmission efficiency compared with the prior art, and can compress the theoretical interval time between the two total voltage acquisition paths in the three-level energy storage parallel architecture to within 500 ms.

[0155] It should be noted that the steps shown in the above process or the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. And although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order from here.

[0156] This embodiment also provides an energy storage system, including a plurality of lower-level controllers and a higher-level controller; wherein, the higher-level controller is respectively connected to each lower-level controller; the lower-level controller is used to execute the voltage data encoding method described in any of the above embodiments; the higher-level controller is used to execute the voltage data decoding method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0157] This embodiment also provides a vehicle, including the energy storage system as described in the above embodiment.

[0158] This embodiment also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. A computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0159] Optionally, the above electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device. The transmission device is connected to the above processor, and the input / output device is connected to the above processor.

[0160] Optionally, in this embodiment, the above processor may be configured to execute the following steps through a computer program:

[0161] S1. Obtain the original voltage data of each of the multiple single cells in the energy storage system.

[0162] S2. Calculate the voltage interval value between adjacent voltage data among the respective original voltage data.

[0163] S3. Determine any voltage data in the original voltage data as the reference voltage data, and obtain the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the sequence formed by the original voltage data.

[0164] S4. Perform encoding processing on the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information to obtain encoded voltage data.

[0165] It should be noted that the specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the above embodiment and the optional implementation manners, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0166] In addition, in combination with the voltage data encoding method in the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present application can be implemented by providing a storage medium. A computer program is stored on the storage medium; when the computer program is executed by a processor, any of the voltage data encoding methods in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0167] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in the present application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties.

[0168] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Among them, any reference to a memory, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memories. Non-volatile memory can include Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc. The databases involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of relational databases and non-relational databases. Non-relational databases can include distributed databases based on blockchain, etc., without limitation. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, data processing logics based on quantum computing, etc., without limitation.

[0169] Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered to be within the scope described in this specification.

[0170] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present application. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A voltage data encoding method, characterized in that, Any lower-level controller applied to an energy storage system; the method includes: Obtain the original voltage data of each of the multiple single cells in the energy storage system; Calculate the voltage interval value between adjacent voltage data among the original voltage data; Determine any voltage data as the reference voltage data from the original voltage data, and obtain the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the sequence formed by the original voltage data; Perform encoding processing on the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information to obtain encoded voltage data.

2. The voltage data encoding method according to claim 1, wherein The performing encoding processing on the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information to obtain encoded voltage data includes: Calculate the encoded voltage storage space based on the voltage interval value; Perform encoding processing on the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored in the corresponding encoded voltage storage space according to the reference position information to obtain the encoded voltage data.

3. The voltage data encoding method according to claim 1, wherein The calculating the voltage interval value between adjacent voltage data among the original voltage data includes: Perform sorting processing on each of the original voltage data to obtain the first-sequence voltage data, and calculate the voltage interval value between adjacent voltage data pairwise in the first-sequence voltage data; The obtaining the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the sequence formed by the original voltage data includes: Determine the sequence formed by the original voltage data as the first-sequence voltage data, and obtain the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the first-sequence voltage data.

4. The voltage data encoding method according to claim 3, wherein The calculating the voltage interval value between adjacent voltage data pairwise in the first-sequence voltage data includes: Perform duplicate removal processing on the first-sequence voltage data to obtain the second-sequence voltage data, and calculate the voltage interval value between adjacent voltage data pairwise in the second-sequence voltage data; The obtaining the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the sequence formed by the original voltage data includes: Determine the sequence formed by the original voltage data as the second-sequence voltage data, and obtain the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the second-sequence voltage data.

5. The voltage data encoding method according to claim 4, wherein The calculating the voltage interval value between adjacent voltage data pairwise in the second-sequence voltage data includes: Calculate the initial interval value between adjacent voltage data pairwise in the second-sequence voltage data; In the case where a mutation interval value greater than a preset interval threshold is detected in the initial interval values, perform circular rolling processing on the second-sequence voltage data based on the mutation interval value to obtain the third-sequence voltage data; Calculate the voltage interval value based on the third-sequence voltage data.

6. The voltage data encoding method according to claim 4, wherein After obtaining the reference position information of the reference voltage data in the second-sequence voltage data, the method further includes: Obtain the number of hit cells corresponding to each of the original voltage data; the sequence information of the number of hit cells is consistent with the sequence information of the second-sequence voltage data. Perform encoding processing on the reference voltage data, the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information, and the number of hit battery cells stored according to the reference position information to obtain the encoded voltage data.

7. The voltage data encoding method according to claim 1, wherein After performing encoding processing on the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information to obtain the encoded voltage data, the method further includes: Obtain sampling period data, start frame identification information, and / or the statistical voltage quantity; the statistical voltage quantity is obtained by statistically analyzing the original voltage data; Generate a header message according to the sampling period data, the start frame identification information, and / or the statistical voltage quantity, and add the header message to the encoded voltage data to obtain a target transmission message.

8. A voltage data decoding method, characterized in that, Applied to a superior controller in an energy storage system, and the superior controller is respectively connected to each subordinate controller in the energy storage system; the method includes: Receive the encoded voltage data of the subordinate controller; the encoded voltage data is encoded according to the voltage data encoding method described in any one of claims 1 to 7; Parse the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values stored according to the reference position information from the encoded voltage data; decode the original voltage data of each of the multiple single battery cells in the energy storage system according to the reference voltage data and the voltage interval values.

9. A energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes a plurality of subordinate controllers and a superior controller; wherein, the superior controller is respectively connected to each of the subordinate controllers; The subordinate controller is configured to execute the voltage data encoding method described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The superior controller is configured to execute the voltage data decoding method described in claim 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the energy storage system described in claim 9.

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