Three-network-communication base station capable of mounting unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication and air base stations, and discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle-mountable three-network-communication base station, which comprises a multi-operator communication module used for receiving signals of operators; the flight control information acquisition module is used for acquiring flight state data of the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time; the radio frequency system module is based on the channel state information and the flight state data; the antenna system module is used for receiving and transmitting wireless signals of multiple operators; the baseband processing module is used for carrying out digital processing on the received signal; the control and management module is used for monitoring the operation state of the base station; and the data integration and transmission module is used for integrating the signals and transmitting the signals to a ground network. According to the invention, a multi-mode communication chip unit and a heterogeneous network dynamic access mechanism are introduced, and parallel access and switching of multiple operator signals on the same platform are realized through an intelligent identification mode supporting a 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G full-band protocol and an operator parameter table.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical fields of wireless communication and aerial base stations, and specifically provides a triple-network communication base station that can be mounted on a drone. Background Art

[0002] In the current era of accelerating informatization and digitalization, the coverage and stability of communication networks have become key elements in the construction of social infrastructure. With the continuous progress of drone technology, it has shown significant advantages in the field of communication signal blind spot compensation and temporary coverage, especially suitable for remote areas with complex terrain and weak infrastructure, as well as special scenarios such as post-disaster communication restoration. Compared with traditional ground base stations, drone-mounted communication systems have significant advantages such as flexible deployment, rapid response, and controllable costs.

[0003] Existing drone-mounted base station systems mostly serve a single operator, and communication protocols and hardware parameters are often strongly bound to that operator. Although such product designs can provide effective signal support in specific scenarios, due to differences in communication systems, frequency band planning, access authentication, etc. among major operators, the system essentially cannot achieve parallel access and unified management of multiple operators, making it difficult to cover heterogeneous user needs.

[0004] However, in communication peak scenarios such as natural disasters, high-density crowd gatherings, or emergencies, the user's dependence on the network significantly increases. Traditional single-network communication solutions often struggle to support the service bearers of multiple operators simultaneously and lack coordinated scheduling capabilities. When users switch between different networks, they frequently encounter problems such as signal interruptions, which weaken the effectiveness of the communication system and the timeliness of emergency response. Moreover, due to the rigid architecture of traditional solutions, it is difficult to achieve dynamic beam adjustment and resource optimization scheduling based on real-time flight status and channel environment, making it difficult to guarantee the overall communication quality. Therefore, the present invention provides a triple-network communication base station that can be mounted on a drone to address the deficiencies in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a triple-network communication base station that can be mounted on a drone, which solves the problems that existing drone communication systems only support a single operator and are difficult to achieve multi-network parallel access and intelligent scheduling.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A triple-network communication base station that can be mounted on a drone, comprising: A multi-operator communication module is used to parallelly access the wireless communication networks of at least three different operators, receive the signals of each operator, synthesize and optimize the received signals of each operator through intelligent algorithms, and generate their respective channel state information; a flight control information acquisition module is used to collect the flight state data of the UAV in real time, including flight altitude, flight speed, flight attitude, and three-dimensional spatial position, and transmit the flight state data to the multi-operator communication module and the baseband processing module; a radio frequency system module is used to receive and transmit radio frequency signals based on the channel state information and flight state data, dynamically adjust the spectrum allocation of radio frequency signals, optimize the signal quality and output; An antenna system module is used to receive and transmit the wireless signals of multiple operators, dynamically adjust the antenna pointing based on the flight state data, and optimize the signal coverage of each operator; A baseband processing module is used to perform digital processing, demodulation, and encapsulation on the received signals, and generate a spin encapsulation chain signal structure including multi-operator signals based on the flight state data and channel state information, and realize channel optimization and resource dynamic scheduling through a multi-dimensional scheduling strategy; A control and management module is used to monitor and control the operation state of the base station, perform resource scheduling mechanism based on game theory, carrier frequency adaptive adjustment, signal scheduling priority control, and perform real-time adjustment and optimization on the feedback data; A data integration and transmission module is used to integrate the signals of different operators and transmit them to the ground network, and support cross-operator resource sharing and collaborative transmission.

[0007] Preferably, the multi-operator communication module includes: A multi-mode communication chip unit integrates communication protocol stacks supporting multiple systems of 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G, has a frequency band identification and automatic access function, and can establish a heterogeneous network switching process according to the operator parameter table; A dynamic network switching unit is used to calculate the optimal operator access path according to the flight position, signal quality, and network load status. The optimal operator access path function is: argmin i∈{1,2,3} (w1·RSRP i -1 +w2·NQI i ); where i ∈ {1, 2, 3} represents the number of optional operators, RSRP i -1 represents the reciprocal of the signal strength, NQI i represents the current network quality index of the i-th operator, and w1, w2 are preset weight factors; Spectrum coordination control unit, which is used to achieve dynamic spectrum resource allocation among the frequency bands of each operator, optimize the spectrum utilization rate through power normalization and channel multiplexing scheduling, and output a frequency band usage table for the baseband processing module to call.

[0008] Preferably, the flight control information acquisition module includes: Flight attitude resolution unit, which acquires three-dimensional attitude angle information based on the combined resolution algorithm of gyroscope and accelerometer and outputs it as roll angle, pitch angle and yaw angle; Track prediction unit, which analyzes the future heading change trend according to the current position and historical trajectory data of the UAV using a weighted time series prediction model, and the prediction result is used for the antenna system module to adjust the beam direction in advance; Status publishing unit, which broadcasts flight altitude, speed, acceleration and attitude information to other modules at a frequency of 1Hz and provides a ROS interface service externally for the ground control system to call.

[0009] Preferably, the radio frequency system module includes: Multi-band radio frequency front-end unit, which supports reception and transmission in the frequency band from 700MHz to 3.5GHz and has an independent band-pass filtering and low-noise amplifier link; Adaptive power control unit, which automatically adjusts the transmission power according to the channel quality of the accessed operator and the flight speed to meet the minimum power consumption constraint: Wherein, P tx is the transmission power, γ is the minimum achievable SNR threshold, d is the link distance, α is the path loss factor, G tx , G rx are the transmission and reception gains; Radio frequency link selection unit, which is used to perform link optimization according to the slot conflict probability of each operator's frequency band and automatically enable the standby radio frequency channel under the condition of low load of redundant channels to ensure service continuity.

[0010] Preferably, the antenna system module includes: Multi-band phased array antenna unit, which is used to support 3 frequency bands and uniformly manage the phase of its array elements through a controller, support beam scanning within the range of ±60°, and adapt to frequent direction changes during flight; Intelligent beamforming unit, which is used to calculate the beam pointing angle in real time based on the UAV flight state data and execute the beam optimization strategy; Interference resistance enhancement unit, which is used to adopt multi-channel spatial interference suppression technology to automatically adjust the phase difference of array elements when detecting high-power interference signals and construct a directional notch.

[0011] Preferably, the baseband processing module includes: A digital demodulation unit, which is used to support the demodulation recognition of modulation methods such as QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM, and combines channel estimation to control the bit error rate below 0.01; A spin packaging chain construction unit, which is used to construct a multi-operator signal packaging frame structure according to flight control information and channel status; A multi-dimensional scheduling strategy unit, which is used to generate a channel scheduling table through a three-dimensional optimization strategy of time slot - frequency band - power, and send this table to the radio frequency system and antenna system modules for real-time execution.

[0012] Preferably, the control and management module includes: A resource scheduling unit based on game theory, which regards the resources of different operators as participants, and schedules the resource allocation ratio through the Nash equilibrium model to satisfy: Among them, R i represents the resource ratio allocated to the i-th operator, i represents the index number of the operator, represents that the total amount of resources is limited, and the scheduling result is dynamically updated based on the operator revenue model and the current congestion degree of the channel; A carrier frequency adaptive adjustment unit, which combines the antenna beam direction and the user distribution hot spot to calculate the optimal frequency combination, and selects the low frequency band for wide area broadcast and the high frequency band for hot spot penetration; A parameter feedback learning unit, which records the communication scheduling history of each flight area and constructs a three-dimensional feature set of coverage - load - feedback.

[0013] Preferably, the data integration and transmission module includes: A collaborative integration unit, which is based on the encapsulated output of the baseband processing module, uniformly schedules the signal streams from multiple operators, and packs them through the link protocol after merging and sorting according to the encapsulation identifier; A QoS guarantee unit, which allocates different levels of service channels according to the operator priority, user level and task urgency, and sets the maximum delay constraint; A ground adaptation interface unit, which provides a standardized link connection interface between the public network core network or the emergency dispatch platform, and supports the IPsecVPN encryption and breakpoint retransmission mechanisms.

[0014] Preferably, the beam optimization strategy is expressed by the following formula: Among them, θ represents the direction value variable of the antenna beam in space, θ b represents the optimal beam direction angle, n is the total number of user directions in the current communication scenario, W i (θ) is the weight function of the i-th user direction, and SNR i (θ) represents the wireless signal quality.

[0015] Preferably, the multi-operator signal encapsulation frame structure satisfies the following recursive model: F k = f(F k-1 , C k , P k ); where F k is the k-th encapsulation frame, F k-1 represents the previous frame signal encapsulation frame, C k is the current channel combination, and P k is the flight state parameter vector.

[0016] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present invention introduces a multi-mode communication chip unit and a heterogeneous network dynamic access mechanism. By supporting the intelligent identification method of 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G full-band protocols and operator parameter tables, the parallel access and switching of signals from multiple operators on the same platform are realized. This not only breaks the problem that traditional single-operator base stations can only cover a single network, but also fundamentally solves the practical bottleneck of frequent disconnections and difficult seamless network switching in multi-user communication scenarios.

[0017] 2. The present invention constructs a dynamic beam pointing control strategy by combining flight control data and channel state, and cooperates with a multi-frequency phased array antenna structure with enhanced anti-interference ability. It can scan the user direction in real time within the range of ±60°, and flexibly adapt to the continuous change of the flight trajectory. Compared with the traditional fixed direction or mechanical beam antenna adjustment method, this solution avoids the blind area coverage problem caused by hysteretic response, and effectively improves the tracking ability and signal stability of the airborne base station.

[0018] 3. The present invention is based on a game theory-based resource scheduling mechanism and a Nash equilibrium calculation model, and continuously optimizes and adjusts the resource occupancy ratio of operator signals. The scheduling result can be dynamically updated according to the revenue function and network load, and no longer depends on a static configuration table. Different from the previous coarse-grained allocation method of manually setting priorities, this technical path enhances the real-time performance and accuracy of scheduling response, and significantly improves the cooperative stability of the multi-network communication system in complex flight environments.

[0019] 4. The present invention adopts a recursive frame construction model based on the flight state and the current channel combination to construct a dynamically evolving signal scheduling frame structure chain, making the signal more ductile and resistant to burst interference in the transmission link. In the past, traditional channel encapsulation schemes mostly relied on predefined structures and could not adapt to the frequently changing environmental parameters during flight. The present invention provides a highly flexible and self-adjustable data frame construction method, which improves the data organization and reliable transmission capabilities of the system in burst scenarios. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is the base station architecture diagram of this application; Figure 2 is the networking application diagram of the drone and the triple-network communication base station of this application. Specific embodiments

[0021] The following is a further detailed description of this application in conjunction with the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 2 , etc.

[0022] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 2 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a triple-network communication base station that can be mounted on a drone, including: a multi-operator communication module, which is used to parallelly access the wireless communication networks of at least three different operators, receive the signals of each operator, and synthesize and optimize the received signals of each operator through intelligent algorithms to generate their respective channel state information; a flight control information acquisition module, which is used to collect the flight state data of the drone in real time, including flight altitude, flight speed, flight attitude, and three-dimensional spatial position, and transmit the flight state data to the multi-operator communication module and the baseband processing module; a radio frequency system module, which is used to receive and transmit radio frequency signals based on the channel state information and flight state data, dynamically adjust the spectrum allocation of radio frequency signals, optimize the signal quality and output; An antenna system module, which is used to receive and transmit the wireless signals of multiple operators, dynamically adjust the antenna pointing based on the flight state data, and optimize the signal coverage of each operator; A baseband processing module, which is used to digitally process, demodulate, and encapsulate the received signals, and generate a self-spinning encapsulation chain signal structure including multi-operator signals based on the flight state data and channel state information, and realize channel optimization and resource dynamic scheduling through a multi-dimensional scheduling strategy; A control and management module, which is used to monitor and control the operation state of the base station, perform resource scheduling mechanism based on game theory, carrier frequency adaptive adjustment, signal scheduling priority control, and perform real-time adjustment and optimization on the feedback data; A data integration and transmission module, which is used to integrate the signals of different operators and transmit them to the ground network, and support cross-operator resource sharing and collaborative transmission.

[0023] For the multi-operator communication module, in this embodiment, the multi-operator communication module is one of the core technical modules of the present invention, responsible for ensuring that the drone can access the networks of multiple operators during flight, and realizing the optimization and switching of signals of each operator through intelligent algorithms, providing stable and reliable communication services.

[0024] Adopt the industry-leading multi-mode baseband processing chip, which integrates powerful signal processing capabilities, supports 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G multi-band network protocols, and can meet various application scenarios of drones in different flight environments and communication requirements. Through this chip, the drone can flexibly switch network signals of different operators according to the flight status and external environment changes. Whether in high-density urban areas or remote mountainous areas, the system can achieve seamless docking with different operator networks and ensure efficient and stable communication.

[0025] The powerful processing ability of this chip enables the base station system to quickly respond to changes in the external environment, realize rapid switching of signals of different operators, and at the same time reduce the possible delays during the switching process, ensuring the communication continuity of the drone during flight. Especially in complex flight tasks or emergency situations, this switching function is particularly crucial and can maximize the guarantee of uninterrupted communication.

[0026] In terms of dynamic switching, in this embodiment, by integrating multi-dimensional data such as flight position, flight altitude, speed, and user requirements, the system intelligently selects the most suitable network for communication. For example, when flying in urban areas, the system will give priority to 4G / 5G networks because the signal quality of these networks is relatively high and can provide high-speed data transmission; while in remote areas, the system automatically switches to 3G / 2G networks with a wider coverage area to ensure the stability and coverage of communication signals.

[0027] This switching mechanism is not only based on changes in flight position. In some embodiments, the system will also make intelligent adjustments according to user requirements and flight status. When it detects that the signal quality of a certain operator is poor, the system will immediately switch to other operators with stronger signals to ensure the continuity and stability of communication. For example, if the 4G or 5G signal is weak, the system will automatically fallback to a stronger 2G or 3G signal to avoid communication interruption.

[0028] When the drone is in mountainous areas or areas with severe signal shielding, the system will ensure that the drone always maintains the best signal coverage and quickly responds to signal changes during flight through optimized spectrum management, combined with flight data, real-time signal quality feedback, and the switching mechanism between operators, avoiding signal loss or transmission delay caused by switching lag. The automatic switching function is implemented based on the following formula: argmin i∈{1,2,3} (w1·RSRP i -1 +w2·NQI i ); where i ∈ {1, 2, 3} represents the number of optional operators; RSRP i -1 represents the reciprocal of the signal strength; NQI iRepresents the current network quality index of the \(i\)-th operator; \(w_1\) and \(w_2\) are preset weight factors used to measure the importance of signal strength and network quality during the handover process.

[0029] The system selects the operator with the lowest cost by calculating the comprehensive signal quality of each operator, ensuring efficient access and continuous stability of the signal. The realization of this handover mechanism depends on the deep collaborative work of the flight control system and the multi-mode baseband processing chip, which can adjust the signal source in real time according to the change of the flight state to ensure seamless transition and stable communication of the signal.

[0030] Supported by the spectrum coordination control unit, this module can maximize the utilization efficiency of signal resources through dynamic spectrum allocation. During the actual communication process, based on data such as flight path, flight speed, and flight attitude, the system can intelligently adjust the resource allocation between different operator frequency bands to avoid spectrum overload or signal interference.

[0031] For example, in densely populated urban areas, the system will preferentially allocate more bandwidth to 4G / 5G networks to meet the high data rate requirements; while in remote areas, the system will select 2G / 3G networks with a wider coverage area to ensure wide-area signal coverage rather than speed optimization. Through this dynamic spectrum resource scheduling, the system not only improves the utilization efficiency of the spectrum but also reduces the interference between signals, ensuring the stability of communication quality.

[0032] For the flight control information acquisition module, in this embodiment, the flight control information acquisition module is one of the important components of the present invention and is responsible for real-time acquisition and processing of the flight state data of the UAV. The function of this module is to provide necessary flight state information for the multi-operator communication module, enabling the communication system to make dynamic adjustments according to the changes in the flight environment, thereby optimizing signal access, spectrum resource allocation, and signal handover strategies.

[0033] Specifically, the flight control information acquisition module includes several key sub-modules that work together to obtain accurate flight state information, ensuring that the base station system can respond to the changes in the flight state in real time and adjust the working parameters of the communication system under different flight conditions.

[0034] In this embodiment, the flight attitude resolution unit accurately calculates the three-dimensional attitude angle information of the UAV by combining the gyroscope and the accelerometer and using a combined resolution algorithm. Through these data, the system can accurately obtain the roll angle, pitch angle, and yaw angle of the UAV and adjust the beam direction of the antenna according to the changes in these flight attitude angles. This function is particularly suitable for scenarios with high-speed flight and large changes in flight attitude, and can timely adjust the signal direction of the communication system to ensure stable signal transmission.

[0035] In addition, based on the current position and historical trajectory data of the UAV, the trajectory prediction unit uses a weighted time series prediction model to predict the heading change trend of the UAV in real time. Through the prediction of the flight trajectory, this unit can obtain the flight path of the UAV in advance, provide early beam adjustment guidance for the antenna system, and thus optimize the signal coverage during flight. The prediction results not only help to adjust the motion trajectory of the flight control system but also provide more accurate orientation for signal transmission.

[0036] Specifically, the trajectory prediction unit combines historical data for prediction and provides early warning information on flight path changes to the antenna system to help the system adjust the working mode of the antenna. In a complex flight environment, the system can adjust the signal access path based on factors such as flight speed and flight altitude, combined with the predicted trajectory, thus ensuring signal stability and coverage.

[0037] The status publishing unit broadcasts the flight altitude, speed, acceleration, and attitude information of the UAV at a frequency of 1 Hz and provides this data to other modules. This data is not only used by the flight control system in real time but also can provide flight status data support for the ROS interface service, further enhancing the collaborative ability between the system and the ground control system. Through this data broadcast, the system can update the flight status information in real time and adjust the signal transmission strategy of the system in a timely manner.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the status publishing unit converts the flight status information into a data format suitable for different communication protocols to ensure that the information can be seamlessly transmitted to other modules or the ground control system. Especially in the case where the UAV quickly changes its position or the flight speed changes significantly, this real-time feedback mechanism can effectively avoid signal loss or transmission delay and ensure the stability of the communication link.

[0039] In some embodiments, the flight status information directly affects the signal selection and network switching decisions of the multi-operator communication module. For example, when the flight altitude is high, the system may automatically select an operator with stronger signal quality to ensure signal stability; when the flight speed is fast, the system will select the operator network most suitable for high-speed movement based on preset network parameters.

[0040] The flight control information is not only the basis for flight path and signal optimization but also affects the multi-operator spectrum scheduling and the timing of signal switching. Through these real-time information, the system can dynamically adjust the signal access methods of each operator during flight according to factors such as flight attitude and speed changes, improving the utilization efficiency of each signal source during flight.

[0041] For the radio frequency system module, in this embodiment, the radio frequency system module is a key component of the present invention, responsible for converting the signals received by the signal processing module into radio frequency signals suitable for transmission and transmitting them to the wireless network. At the same time, it is also responsible for receiving radio frequency signals from the outside and processing these signals through optimization algorithms to ensure the stability and efficiency of signal transmission quality.

[0042] Specifically, the radio frequency system module includes multiple important units, such as a multi-band radio frequency front-end unit, an adaptive power control unit, a radio frequency chain selection unit, etc. The collaborative work of these units enables this module to adjust the transmission power, spectrum allocation of radio frequency signals in real time under different flight states and external signal environments, and optimize the signal quality to ensure the stability of the communication link.

[0043] The multi-band radio frequency front-end unit supports a wide frequency band from 700 MHz to 3.5 GHz and can receive and transmit radio frequency signals of different frequency bands. The design of this unit enables the system to adapt to the compatibility issues between different operator frequency bands and can process signals from multiple operators. The independent design and low-noise amplifier link of the radio frequency front-end unit enable the system to maintain high-quality signal reception and transmission in complex environments.

[0044] For example, the radio frequency front-end unit supports high-frequency signals up to 3.5 GHz, enabling this system to adapt to the high data rate requirements of 5G networks. At the same time, when receiving low-frequency signals, the system can optimize spectrum allocation and signal enhancement to ensure signal quality and transmission efficiency.

[0045] The core function of the adaptive power control unit is to automatically adjust the transmission power of radio frequency signals according to the flight speed and channel quality. In practical applications, when the drone is flying, the quality of the channel will fluctuate with changes in flight speed, flight altitude, and position. Therefore, the system automatically adjusts the power of radio frequency signals by real-time monitoring of channel quality and flight speed to ensure that the signal strength meets the communication requirements and minimizes unnecessary energy waste.

[0046] For example, at low flight altitudes or in urban signal-dense areas, the system will automatically reduce the power to avoid signal interference, while in areas far from the base station or with weak signals, the system will automatically increase the power to ensure communication stability. The automatic adjustment of power is achieved through the following formula: Where P tx is the transmission power; γ is the minimum achievable SNR threshold; d is the link distance; α is the path loss factor; G tx , G rx are the transmission and reception gains.

[0047] This formula ensures that the transmit power always meets the minimum communication quality requirements by considering the distance and loss of the link, avoiding energy consumption waste caused by excessive transmit power, and ensuring the communication quality during flight.

[0048] The RF chain selection unit is responsible for link selection based on the slot conflict probability of multi-operator frequency bands and automatically enables the standby RF channel under the condition of low load in the redundant channel. This optimized signal processing method can ensure that the system can still effectively select the optimal signal link even in a complex network environment.

[0049] For example, in an area with signal congestion or high load, the system will automatically select an idle frequency band for signal transmission, thus avoiding interference between channels and ensuring the continuity and stability of communication. On the other hand, when the signal quality is poor or there is a sudden interference, the system will quickly switch to other frequency bands or enable the standby link to ensure uninterrupted communication services.

[0050] For the antenna system module, in this embodiment, the antenna system module is one of the core components of the present invention. Its main function is to optimize signal transmission and reception to ensure stable and efficient communication during flight. Through the multi-frequency phased array antenna, intelligent beamforming, and anti-interference enhancement unit, the antenna system module can automatically adjust the beam direction and shape of the signal according to the flight state and environmental changes to obtain the best communication quality.

[0051] Specifically, the antenna system module combines advanced multi-frequency phased array technology and intelligent beamforming algorithms, enabling the antenna to adapt to environmental changes during flight and perform flexible signal optimization. The design of this module can not only effectively improve the signal quality but also enhance the stability of the system by suppressing interference.

[0052] In this embodiment, the multi-frequency phased array antenna unit is one of the basic components of the antenna system module. This antenna unit supports 3 frequency bands and can control the phase of its array elements through the control system, so as to perform beam scanning within the range of ±60°, ensuring continuous optimization of the signal transmission direction during flight.

[0053] For example, when the UAV changes its flight direction, the antenna array quickly points the beam to the new flight direction by adjusting the phase of the array elements. Through this automatic adjustment, the UAV can always maintain good signal coverage during flight, avoiding signal loss or interference. This technology is particularly suitable for scenarios where the UAV flies at high speed or frequently changes direction, ensuring communication stability.

[0054] In this embodiment, the intelligent beamforming unit calculates the pointing angle of the beam based on the flight state data of the UAV and automatically executes the beam optimization strategy. The system adjusts the beam pattern in real time according to the change of the flight path, thereby improving the signal coverage and reducing interference.

[0055] For example, during flight, if the flight state of the UAV changes (such as speed, attitude, etc.), the intelligent beamforming unit will calculate the beam pointing information related to the flight path and adjust the beam pointing to ensure that the signal maintains the best transmission quality. Through this automatic optimization mechanism, the system can greatly improve the communication quality and reduce the risk of communication interruption in a complex airspace environment.

[0056] The anti-interference enhancement unit uses multi-channel spatial interference suppression technology. When receiving interference signals, it can construct a directional notch by automatically adjusting the phase difference of the array elements, thereby suppressing the influence of the interference signals. This unit plays an important role in an environment with strong signal interference and effectively ensures the stability of communication.

[0057] For example, when the UAV flies into a signal-dense area or is affected by external electromagnetic interference, the anti-interference enhancement unit will automatically identify the interference signals and make corresponding adjustments to minimize the impact of the interference on the communication signals. Through this dynamic adjustment, the antenna system can maintain efficient signal transmission in a complex environment and ensure that the signal quality is not interfered by external factors.

[0058] To further improve the performance of the antenna system, the following beam optimization strategy is adopted in this embodiment: Among them, θ represents the direction value variable of the antenna beam in space; θ b represents the optimal beam direction angle; n is the total number of user directions in the current communication scenario; W i (θ) is the weight function of the i-th user direction; SNR i (θ) represents the wireless signal quality. The system calculates the signal-to-noise ratio of different user directions and selects the best beam pointing according to the weight values of each direction to ensure the optimization of the signal coverage and improve the communication quality.

[0059] In addition, the system will also dynamically adjust the weight of each direction according to different flight environments to cope with the rapidly changing flight state. By this method, the antenna can automatically select the optimal signal path according to the needs of users and the flight state.

[0060] This embodiment also involves an automatic adjustment and interference suppression mechanism. When the system detects high-power interference in the channel, the system will adjust the phase difference of the array elements through an optimization algorithm to suppress unnecessary interference and adjust the beam direction in real time during flight to ensure the continuity and high quality of signal coverage.

[0061] For the baseband processing module, in this embodiment, the basic processing module is a key component of the present invention, mainly responsible for tasks such as signal demodulation, channel coding, decoding and encoding of modulation methods, and signal encapsulation of the three-network communication base station of the drone. Through this module, the base station can achieve digital demodulation and analysis of the received signal, and adjust the signal processing flow according to communication requirements to optimize the transmission and reception quality of the signal. This module provides stable and efficient signal processing support for other system modules and is one of the core functions of the entire base station system.

[0062] Specifically, the basic processing module not only supports demodulation of different modulation methods, but also can dynamically adjust the signal processing flow according to flight status and channel quality information to ensure the communication stability and efficiency of the system.

[0063] The digital demodulation unit in this embodiment is mainly used to support demodulation of modulation methods such as QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM. This unit demodulates the received signal and completes corresponding signal processing, thereby restoring the received wireless signal to digital data.

[0064] In practical applications, the digital demodulation unit can flexibly select the most suitable modulation method according to different communication environments, and combine channel estimation technology to achieve error control to ensure high-quality demodulation can still be performed in a harsh environment. For example, when the signal quality is good, the system may select a high-order modulation method (such as 64QAM) to achieve a higher data transmission rate; while when the signal is weak, the system may select a low-order modulation method (such as QPSK) to improve anti-interference ability and ensure the stability of data transmission.

[0065] Among them, Demod(y) represents the result after demodulating the received signal y; |y - h i | 2 represents the square of the Euclidean distance between the received signal y and the modulation symbol h i ; represents the operation of finding the symbol index i that minimizes this distance; y is the received signal, and h i is the i-th symbol in the modulation symbol set. The demodulation process is achieved by minimizing the distance between the received signal and each symbol in the symbol set, and the symbol closest to the received signal is selected as the demodulation result.

[0066] In this embodiment, the main function of the spin encapsulation chain construction unit is to construct the encapsulation structure of multi-operator signals according to flight status and channel status information. Specifically, this unit integrates the signals of multiple signal sources through an encapsulation mechanism, enabling the signals of each operator to be transmitted on a unified link, thereby improving the signal utilization efficiency of the system.

[0067] For example, when multiple operators transmit signals simultaneously, the system effectively integrates the signals of different operators through the spin encapsulation technology to ensure that the signals of each operator can be transmitted independently without interference from each other. The encapsulation method can be dynamically adjusted based on the channel state to adapt to different network loads and flight states.

[0068] The formula for constructing the spin encapsulation chain is expressed as follows: F k = f(F k-1 , C k , P k ); Wherein, F k is the kth encapsulation frame; F k-1 represents the signal encapsulation frame of the previous frame; C k is the current channel combination; P k is the flight state parameter vector. This formula describes how to dynamically adjust the signal encapsulation method based on the state of the previous encapsulation frame and the combination information of the current channel. In this way, the system can ensure the efficient cooperation of different signal sources on the same link and improve the communication stability and data transmission rate through dynamic adjustment.

[0069] In this embodiment, the multi-channel scheduling algorithm unit uses a three-dimensional optimization strategy of time slot - frequency band - power to generate a channel scheduling table and sends this table to the radio frequency system and the antenna system module in real time. This scheduling algorithm intelligently selects channel resources by dynamically adjusting the allocation of frequency bands, so as to ensure that the system can efficiently use all available signal resources during flight.

[0070] For example, in some cases where the signal strength is weak or the frequency band resources are limited, the system will select the optimal frequency band for signal transmission according to the flight path, signal strength, and interference situation of the frequency band. Through this multi-dimensional resource scheduling, the system can achieve the maximum spectrum utilization rate and maintain stable communication quality during flight.

[0071] For the control and management module, in this embodiment, the control and management module is one of the core functional modules of the present invention, responsible for the overall scheduling and resource management of the system to ensure that the signals of different operators can work efficiently in cooperation. Based on the resource scheduling model of game theory and combined with the real-time information of channel quality and network load, this module dynamically adjusts the resource allocation of each signal source to achieve the optimization of signal coverage.

[0072] Specifically, the control and management module optimizes the operation efficiency of the communication system by means of various algorithms, such as the Nash equilibrium model, to allocate resources among signal sources of different operators. This module not only effectively balances the resource competition among operators but also dynamically adjusts the scheduling strategy according to the flight state and communication requirements.

[0073] In this embodiment, the resource scheduling unit combines the Nash equilibrium model of game theory to perform real-time scheduling on signal sources to achieve the optimal allocation of signal resources of different operators. The Nash equilibrium model balances the communication requirements of all parties by considering the signal interaction among multiple operators, ensuring that each operator obtains the best resource share.

[0074] For example, in the case of fierce competition in the signal coverage area, the model can automatically adjust the resource allocation ratio according to the operator's revenue and network load conditions, avoiding a certain operator occupying too many resources and affecting the overall communication quality. The mathematical expression of the Nash equilibrium is as follows: Where R i represents the resource ratio allocated to the i-th operator; i represents the index number of the operator; indicates that the total amount of resources is limited, and the scheduling result is dynamically updated based on the operator revenue model and the current congestion degree of the channel. This formula ensures the reasonable allocation of resources, enabling each operator to obtain an appropriate amount of resources according to its needs.

[0075] Through the calculation of the game theory model, the control and management module can obtain the signal quality and network load of each operator in real time and adjust the resource allocation according to the current flight state and external environment. For example, when the channel load is high, the module will automatically adjust the resource shares of different operators to ensure that the signal quality of each operator is not affected. Based on this scheduling mechanism, the system can optimize signal coverage and improve the overall communication performance.

[0076] The specific calculation of the scheduling strategy is achieved through the following formula: S k = f(R1, R2, R3); Where S k is the output of the k-th scheduling strategy, and R1, R2, and R3 are the resource allocation ratios of the three operators respectively. This formula calculates the optimal resource allocation scheme by comprehensively considering the signal requirements of the operators and environmental information, ensuring communication stability and network load balance.

[0077] This embodiment also includes a dynamic feedback mechanism that can be adjusted according to the signal quality and coverage of each operator during flight. When the signal quality deteriorates or the network load is too high, the system will automatically optimize resource allocation based on the current state to avoid communication interruptions and interference. For example, when the signal quality in a certain area is poor, the system will adjust resources according to the feedback data to ensure signal stability.

[0078] For the data integration and transmission module, in this embodiment, the data integration and transmission module is a key part of the present invention for processing and transmitting signals from different operators. This module is responsible for integrating signal data from multiple operators and transmitting this data to the ground network or other communication platforms through a unified transmission protocol. It not only has high-efficient data transmission capabilities but also ensures the security and reliability of the data.

[0079] Specifically, the data integration and transmission module integrates signal streams from different operators through functions such as the collaborative integration unit and the QoS guarantee unit, and schedules based on priorities to ensure the effective transmission of each signal. At the same time, the adopted IPsecVPN encryption mechanism guarantees the security during data transmission and prevents data from being tampered with or leaked.

[0080] The collaborative integration unit in this embodiment is used to integrate signal streams from multiple operators, and after unified processing, transmit them through an appropriate protocol. Through this unit, signal data from different sources can be seamlessly docked, thereby improving data transmission efficiency and reducing transmission latency.

[0081] For example, when multiple operator signal streams are transmitted simultaneously, the collaborative integration unit will dynamically adjust the integration strategy of the signal streams according to the signal priorities, network status, and resource allocation. It can ensure the orderly transmission of the signal streams, avoid transmission conflicts, and ensure that each signal works in coordination on the same link.

[0082] Working formula of the integration unit: Where D total is the total signal data stream; D i is the signal stream data of the i-th operator; n is the total number of operators currently accessing the system. Through this formula, the system can perform weighted synthesis on signal streams from different operators to ensure smooth and efficient data transmission.

[0083] To ensure the quality of data transmission, the QoS guarantee unit in this embodiment automatically allocates network resources and signal priorities according to different task requirements and urgencies. Through the dynamic management of the data stream, this unit ensures the priority transmission of high-priority data and adjusts the bandwidth allocation of different signals according to the network load.

[0084] For example, in an emergency situation, the system adjusts the transmission rate and bandwidth of the signal flow according to the task priority to ensure the stability of critical communications. On the other hand, when the network load is low, the system adjusts the transmission rate of low-priority tasks, thus ensuring the efficient utilization of the overall network.

[0085] The formula representation of QoS guarantee: where R i is the resource allocation ratio of the i-th signal; P i is the priority of this signal; is the sum of the priorities of all signals. Through this formula, the system can dynamically adjust the resource allocation of each signal according to the priority to ensure that high-priority signals can obtain sufficient resource support.

[0086] To ensure the security of data during transmission, this embodiment adopts the IPsec VPN encryption mechanism to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data by encrypting the communication link. Through IPsec encryption, the system can prevent data from being eavesdropped or tampered with during transmission, ensuring the privacy and information security of both communication parties.

[0087] For example, when data is transmitted between a drone and a ground control center, all signal data will be encrypted and protected through IPsec VPN to ensure that the data content will not be illegally intercepted or tampered with. This mechanism is a key part of realizing secure communication in the present invention, and is especially applicable to emergency communications and communication scenarios with high security requirements.

[0088] The embodiments of this specific implementation manner are all preferred embodiments of this application, and do not limit the protection scope of this application accordingly. The same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A three-network communication base station that can be mounted on a drone, characterized in that, Including: A multi-operator communication module, which is used to parallelly access the wireless communication networks of at least three different operators, receive the signals of each operator, synthesize and optimize the received signals of each operator through intelligent algorithms, and generate their respective channel state information; A flight control information acquisition module, which is used to collect the flight state data of the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time, including flight altitude, flight speed, flight attitude, and three-dimensional spatial position, and transmit the flight state data to the multi-operator communication module and the baseband processing module; A radio frequency system module, which is used to receive and transmit radio frequency signals based on the channel state information and flight state data, dynamically adjust the spectrum allocation of radio frequency signals, optimize the signal quality and output; An antenna system module, which is used to receive and transmit the wireless signals of multiple operators, dynamically adjust the antenna pointing based on the flight state data, and optimize the signal coverage of each operator; A baseband processing module, which is used to digitally process, demodulate, and encapsulate the received signals, and generate a spin-encapsulated chain signal structure including multi-operator signals based on the flight state data and channel state information, and realize channel optimization and resource dynamic scheduling through a multi-dimensional scheduling strategy; A control and management module, which is used to monitor and control the operation state of the base station, perform resource scheduling mechanism based on game theory, carrier frequency adaptive adjustment, signal scheduling priority control, and perform real-time adjustment and optimization on the feedback data; A data integration and transmission module, which is used to integrate the signals of different operators and transmit them to the ground network, and support cross-operator resource sharing and cooperative transmission.

2. The triple-network communication base station for mountable drones according to claim 1, wherein The multi-operator communication module includes: A multi-mode communication chip unit, which integrates communication protocol stacks supporting multiple systems of 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G, has frequency band identification and automatic access functions, and can establish a heterogeneous network switching process according to the operator parameter table; A dynamic network switching unit, which is used to calculate the optimal operator access path according to the flight position, signal quality, and network load status. The optimal operator access path function is: argmin i∈{1,2,3} (w1·RSRP i -1 +w2·NQI i ); where \(i\in\{1,2,3\}\) represents the number of the optional operator, and RSRP i -1 represents the reciprocal of the signal strength, and NQI i represents the current network quality index of the \(i\)-th operator, and \(w_1\), \(w_2\) are preset weight factors; A spectrum coordination control unit, which is used to realize dynamic spectrum resource allocation between the frequency bands of each operator, optimize the spectrum utilization rate through power normalization and channel multiplexing scheduling, and output a frequency band usage table for the baseband processing module to call.

3. A triple-network communication base station for a mountable drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flight control information acquisition module includes: A flight attitude calculation unit, which obtains three-dimensional attitude angle information based on the combined calculation algorithm of gyroscope and accelerometer and outputs it as roll angle, pitch angle, and yaw angle; A flight path prediction unit, which analyzes the future course change trend according to the current position and historical trajectory data of the unmanned aerial vehicle using a weighted time series prediction model, and the prediction result is used for the antenna system module to adjust the beam direction in advance; A status publishing unit, which broadcasts flight altitude, speed, acceleration, and attitude information to other modules at a frequency of 1Hz, and provides a ROS interface service externally for the ground control system to call.

4. The triple-network communication base station for mountable drones according to claim 1, wherein, The radio frequency system module includes: A multi-frequency radio frequency front-end unit, which supports reception and transmission in the frequency band from 700MHz to 3.5GHz, and has an independent band-pass filtering and low-noise amplifier link; An adaptive power control unit, which automatically adjusts the transmission power according to the channel quality and flight speed of the accessed operator, and meets the minimum power consumption constraint: where P tx is the transmit power, γ is the minimum achievable SNR threshold, d is the link distance, α is the path loss factor, G tx , G rx are the transmit and receive gains; The RF chain selection unit is used to perform link optimization according to the time slot conflict probability of each operator's frequency band, and automatically enable the standby RF channel under the condition of low load in the redundant channel to ensure service continuity.

5. The three-network communication base station for mountable drones according to claim 1, characterized in that The antenna system module includes: The multi-frequency phased array antenna unit is used to support 3 frequency bands and uniformly manage the phase of its array elements through a controller, support beam scanning within the range of ±60°, and adapt to frequent direction changes during flight; The intelligent beamforming unit is used to calculate the beam pointing angle in real time based on the UAV flight state data and execute the beam optimization strategy; The anti-interference enhancement unit is used to adopt multi-channel spatial interference suppression technology, automatically adjust the phase difference of the array elements when detecting high-power interference signals, and construct a directional notch.

6. The three-network communication base station for mountable drones according to claim 1, wherein The baseband processing module includes: The digital demodulation unit is used to support the demodulation and identification of modulation methods such as QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM, and control the bit error rate below 0.01 in combination with channel estimation; The spin packaging chain construction unit is used to construct a multi-operator signal packaging frame structure according to the flight control information and channel state; The multi-dimensional scheduling strategy unit is used to generate a channel scheduling table through a three-dimensional optimization strategy of time slot - frequency band - power, and send this table to the RF system and the antenna system module for execution in real time.

7. The three-network communication base station for mountable drones according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control and management module includes: The resource scheduling unit based on game theory regards the resources of different operators as participants, and schedules the resource allocation ratio through the Nash equilibrium model to satisfy: Among them, R i represents the resource ratio allocated to the i-th operator, where i represents the index number of the operator, indicating that the total amount of resources is limited, and the scheduling result is dynamically updated based on the operator revenue model and the current congestion degree of the channel; The carrier frequency adaptive adjustment unit combines the antenna beam direction and the user distribution hot spot to calculate the optimal frequency combination, and selects the low frequency band for wide-area broadcast and the high frequency band for hot spot penetration; The parameter feedback learning unit records the communication scheduling history of each flight area and constructs a three-dimensional feature set of coverage - load - feedback.

8. The three-network communication base station for mountable drones according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data integration and transmission module includes: The collaborative integration unit is based on the encapsulated output of the baseband processing module, uniformly schedules the signal flows from multiple operators, and packs them through the link protocol after merging and sorting according to the encapsulation identifier; The QoS guarantee unit allocates service channels of different levels according to the operator priority, user level, and task urgency, and sets the maximum delay constraint; The ground adaptation interface unit provides a standardized link connection interface between the public network core network or the emergency dispatch platform, and supports the IPsecVPN encryption and the breakpoint retransmission mechanism.

9. The three-network communication base station for mountable drones according to claim 5, characterized in that, The beam optimization strategy is expressed by the following formula: where, θ represents the direction value variable of the antenna beam in space, and θ b represents the optimal beam direction angle, n is the total number of user directions in the current communication scenario, and W i (θ) is the weight function of the i-th user direction, and SNR i (θ) represents the wireless signal quality.

10. The triple-network communication base station for mountable drones according to claim 6, characterized in that, The multi-operator signal packaging frame structure satisfies the following recursive model: F k = f(F k-1 , C k , P k ); Among them, F k is the k-th encapsulated frame, and F k-1 represents the previous frame signal encapsulated frame. C k is the current channel combination, and P k is the flight state parameter vector.

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