Nickel-based solid welding wire for forging hammer of precision forging machine and manufacturing method of nickel-based solid welding wire

Abstract

The invention discloses a nickel-based solid welding wire for a forging hammer of a precision forging machine and a manufacturing method of the nickel-based solid welding wire, and particularly relates to the field of hard-surface surfacing welding materials, the welding wire is used for transition layer surfacing of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine, and the welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.15% of C, 14.0-18.0% of Cr, 4.0-6.0% of Fe, 0.5-1.5% of Mn, 15.0-20.0% of Mo, 3.0-6.0% of W, 0.5-1.5% of Si, 0.1-0.5% of V and the balance of Ni. The nickel-based solid welding wire for the forging hammer of the precision forging machine is adopted in a transition layer of a surfacing structure on the surface of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine, the performance difference between a base body and a working layer can be better transited, and the bonding strength and stability of the whole surfacing layer are improved; the existence of the transition layer can relieve stress concentration between the base body and the working layer, the cracking risk is reduced, the nickel-based solid welding wire surfacing transition layer has good crack resistance, thermal fatigue resistance and high-temperature stability, and the stress concentration is reduced through the transition layer to improve the overall performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hardfacing welding consumables, and more specifically, to a nickel-based solid wire for forging hammers of precision forging machines and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Forging hammers of precision forging machines work under high temperature and high impact loads, and thermal fatigue cracks and wear are likely to occur on their surfaces. At present, surfacing wear-resistant welding wires on the surfaces of forging hammers of precision forging machines can improve the service life of the forging hammers. When producing and repairing forging hammers of precision forging machines, a backing layer, a transition layer, and a working layer are sequentially surfaced on the forging hammer substrate. The surfacing welding wire for the transition layer adopts the nickel-based solid wire for forging hammers of precision forging machines of the present invention. The surfacing technical indicators of the nickel-based solid wire for forging hammers of precision forging machines are relatively high. At present, the following problems exist in the surfacing materials for the transition layer:

[0003] Insufficient crack resistance: The transition layer of traditional nickel-based welding wires is prone to cracking, resulting in the spalling of the working layer;

[0004] Poor thermal stability: The transition layer softens at high temperatures and cannot support the high-temperature thermal strength of the working layer;

[0005] Short service life: The average service life of the forging hammer is only 40%-60% under normal working conditions;

[0006] The contents of Mo and W in existing nickel-based welding wires are relatively low, making it difficult to meet the high-temperature strength requirements. Moreover, impurities (such as P and S) are easily introduced during the melting process, reducing the cleanliness and crack resistance of the welding wires; the transition layer welding wires are not designed for the extreme working conditions (high temperature + impact) of the forging hammer. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nickel-based solid wire for forging hammers of precision forging machines and a manufacturing method thereof. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to solve the problems that the performance of the surfacing transition layer on the surface of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine is poor, resulting in easy cracking of the working layer and short service life during the use of the forging hammer.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A nickel-based solid wire for forging hammers of precision forging machines, which is used for surfacing the transition layer of forging hammers of precision forging machines. Its chemical composition by mass percentage includes: C≤0.15%, Cr 14.0-18.0%, Fe 4.0-6.0%, Mn 0.5-1.5%, Mo 15.0-20.0%, W 3.0-6.0%, Si 0.5-1.5%, V 0.1-0.5%, and the balance is Ni.

[0009] The present invention also includes a manufacturing method of a nickel-based solid wire for forging hammers of precision forging machines. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0010] Step S1. Preparation of batching raw materials: Prepare each chemical component according to the proportion range for batching. The corresponding industrial-grade pure metals are incorporated into the raw materials, and the electrolytic Ni (nickel) purity of the raw materials is set to ≥99.5%;

[0011] Step S2. Preparation of prefabricated master alloy: Put the alloy raw materials prepared in Step S1 into a vacuum induction melting furnace for vacuum melting. The melting weight per furnace ≤25 kg to obtain a prefabricated master alloy liquid, and cool it to obtain a master alloy ingot;

[0012] Step S3. Protective melting in intermediate frequency furnace: Load the master alloy ingot prefabricated by vacuum melting in Step S2 into an intermediate frequency horizontal continuous casting furnace for melting. Argon is introduced into the intermediate frequency horizontal continuous casting furnace for protection. The melting time ≥1.0 h, the melting temperature reaches 1560±10 °C, add Ca-Si powder for diffusion deoxidation. After the molten pool is calmed for 10 min, add slag remover to remove slag, and take samples for chemical analysis. When the chemical composition meets the requirements, start horizontal continuous casting;

[0013] Step S4. Horizontal continuous casting: During the horizontal continuous casting process, argon is continuously introduced into the horizontal continuous casting furnace for protection. The temperature of the molten pool in the furnace is maintained at 1540±10 °C, and the water flow rate of the crystallizer is controlled to obtain a wire blank;

[0014] Step S5. Wire straightening: Straighten the wire blank obtained by horizontal continuous casting in Step S4. The straightness requirement is ±3 mm to obtain a nickel-based solid wire.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the nickel-based solid wire obtained in Step S5 is 4.0±0.1 mm, the phosphorus content of the wire ≤0.015%, and the sulfur content ≤0.015%.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, during the vacuum melting refining period in Step S2, the temperature is set to 1580±10 °C, the vacuum degree ≤1.0 Pa, which can minimize the intrusion of harmful gases such as oxygen and nitrogen. The melting time ≥1.0 h ensures the full mixing and homogenization of alloying elements.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the water flow rate of the crystallizer for horizontal continuous casting in Step S4 is set to 40 - 45 L / min.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the chemical analysis step in Step S3 includes but is not limited to spectral analysis of chemical composition.

[0019] The present invention also includes a surfacing method for the forging hammer of a precision forging machine. The specific welding steps are as follows:

[0020] A1: The thickness of the transition layer is 10.0 - 15.0 mm;

[0021] A2: Carry out surfacing while adding a shielding gas, and the surfacing preheating temperature is 350 - 400 °C.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the shielding gas for surfacing in step A2 is high-purity Ar.

[0023] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0024] 1. In the present invention, by using the nickel-based solid wire for the forging hammer of the precision forging machine in the surfacing transition layer on the surface of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine, the performance difference between the matrix and the working layer can be better transitioned, and the bonding strength and stability of the overall surfacing layer can be improved; the existence of the transition layer can relieve the stress concentration between the matrix and the working layer, reduce the risk of cracking, thereby further improving the service life of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine. The nickel-based solid wire surfacing transition layer has good crack resistance, thermal fatigue resistance and high-temperature stability, combines the toughness of the matrix with the hardness and wear resistance of the working layer, and improves the overall performance by reducing stress concentration through the transition layer;

[0025] 2. The transition layer after surfacing with the nickel-based solid wire of the present invention can ensure the high-temperature thermal strength, thermal stability and crack resistance of the working layer of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine. Through a strictly controlled manufacturing process, a nickel-based solid wire for the forging hammer of the precision forging machine that meets the requirements can be produced. This wire is used for surfacing the transition layer, which can effectively improve the service life of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine, stabilize the comprehensive mechanical properties of the working layer, and thus improve the service life of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine. Specific embodiments

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] The present invention provides a nickel-based solid wire for the forging hammer of a precision forging machine. This wire is used for surfacing the transition layer of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine, and its chemical composition by mass percentage includes: C ≤ 0.15%, Cr 14.0 - 18.0%, Fe 4.0 - 6.0%, Mn 0.5 - 1.5%, Mo 15.0 - 20.0%, W 3.0 - 6.0%, Si 0.5 - 1.5%, V 0.1 - 0.5%, and Ni as the balance;

[0029] Specifically in this embodiment, its chemical composition by mass percentage includes: C 0.02%, Cr 16.00%, Fe 5.22%, Mn 0.87%, Mo 17.40%, W 4.29%, Si 0.89%, V 0.38%, and the balance is Ni.

[0030] The present invention also includes a manufacturing method of a nickel-based solid wire for a forging hammer of a precision forging machine. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0031] Step S1, preparation of batching raw materials: Prepare each chemical component according to the proportion range for batching. Among them, the raw materials are incorporated with corresponding industrial-grade pure metals, and the electrolytic Ni (nickel) purity of the raw materials is set to ≥99.5%;

[0032] Step S2, prefabrication of master alloy: Put the alloy raw materials prepared in Step S1 into a vacuum induction melting furnace for vacuum melting. During the refining period of vacuum melting: the temperature is set to 1580 ± 10 °C, the vacuum degree is ≤1.0 Pa, which can minimize the intrusion of harmful gases such as oxygen and nitrogen. The melting time is ≥1.0 h, ensuring the full mixing and homogenization of alloy elements. The melting weight per furnace is ≤25 kg to obtain a prefabricated master alloy liquid, which is cooled to obtain a master alloy ingot. Use a 30-kg vacuum induction melting furnace. First, load 25 kg of the proportioned raw materials into the furnace, evacuate to 0.8 Pa, then raise the temperature to 1580 °C, and the melting time is ≥1.0 h. During the melting process, continuously monitor the vacuum degree through a vacuum gauge to ensure that it is always ≤1.0 Pa. After melting, pour the master alloy into an ingot for subsequent wire manufacturing process;

[0033] Step S3, protective melting in intermediate frequency furnace: Load the master alloy ingot prefabricated by vacuum melting in Step S2 into an intermediate frequency horizontal continuous casting furnace for melting. Argon is introduced into the intermediate frequency horizontal continuous casting furnace for protection. The melting time is ≥1.0 h, and the melting temperature reaches 1560 ± 10 °C. Add Ca-Si powder for diffusion deoxidation. After the molten pool is calmed for 10 min, add slag remover to remove slag, and take samples for chemical analysis. The chemical analysis steps include but are not limited to spectral analysis of chemical composition. When the chemical composition meets the requirements, start horizontal continuous casting. Using Ca-Si powder for diffusion deoxidation can effectively remove oxygen in the alloy and improve the purity of the wire. The processes of calming the molten pool and removing slag can further remove impurities and improve the purity of the alloy. The combination of these process steps can significantly improve the quality and performance of the wire, especially its crack resistance and high-temperature stability. Add 0.1% by weight of Ca-Si powder (Ca:Si = 30:70) for deoxidation and let it stand for 10 minutes; finally, add 1% by weight of slag remover (the main components are SiO2 and Al2O3), fully stir and then remove slag; in this way, an alloy melt with high purity and excellent performance can be obtained, preparing for subsequent horizontal continuous casting;

[0034] Step S4, Horizontal Continuous Casting: During horizontal continuous casting, argon gas continues to be introduced into the horizontal continuous casting furnace for protection. The temperature of the molten pool in the furnace is maintained at 1540 ± 10 °C, and the water flow rate of the mold is controlled to obtain a wire blank. Continuous argon gas protection can prevent the alloy melt from being oxidized during the heat preservation process. Strictly controlling the molten pool temperature (1540 ± 10 °C) can ensure the fluidity of the alloy and the stability of the solidification rate; an appropriate water flow rate of the mold (40 - 45 L / min) can provide a suitable cooling rate, which is conducive to forming an ideal metal microstructure; precise control of these parameters can ensure the uniformity, density, and performance stability of the wire, thereby improving the overall quality and service effect of the wire.

[0035] Step S5, Wire Straightening: The wire blank obtained by horizontal continuous casting in Step S4 is straightened. The current of the straightening machine is 500 - 700 A, and the pressure is 0.3 - 0.5 Mpa. The straightness requirement is ±3 mm to obtain a nickel-based solid wire. The diameter of the nickel-based solid wire is 4.0 ± 0.1 mm. Precise control of the wire diameter can ensure the stability and consistency during the welding process. A diameter of 4.0 mm is suitable for the surfacing process of most forging hammers of precision forging machines. The tolerance range of ±0.1 mm not only ensures the accuracy of the wire size but also provides a certain tolerance space for the production process, which helps to improve the welding quality, ensure the uniformity and performance stability of the transition layer, and thus further improve the service life of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine. In actual production, precision measuring tools such as micrometers or digital calipers can be used to detect the wire diameter. For example, randomly select a 2.0-meter-long wire and measure the diameter every 0.2 meters to ensure that all measurement results are between 3.9 mm and 4.1 mm. This can ensure the consistency of the wire diameter, and thus ensure the stability of the welding process and the weld quality. The phosphorus content of the wire is ≤0.015%, and the sulfur content is ≤0.015%. Use an electric heating straightening machine. By adjusting the current and pressure, the wire reaches the required straightness after heating and stretching. The 2-meter straightedge inspection method can be adopted: Place a 2-meter-long wire on the platform and use a feeler gauge to check the maximum gap between the wire and the straightedge to ensure that it does not exceed 3 mm. Multiple positions of each coil of wire are randomly inspected to ensure that the overall straightness meets the requirements.

[0036] The present invention also includes a surfacing method for a forging hammer of a precision forging machine. The specific welding steps are as follows:

[0037] A1: The thickness of the transition layer is 10.0 - 15.0 mm;

[0038] A2: Add high-purity argon gas protection gas for surfacing, and the surfacing preheating temperature is 350 - 400 °C.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] The present invention provides a nickel-based solid wire for the forging hammer of a precision forging machine. This wire is used for the surfacing of the transition layer of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine. Its chemical composition by mass percentage includes: C≤0.15%, Cr 14.0-18.0%, Fe 4.0-6.0%, Mn 0.5-1.5%, Mo 15.0-20.0%, W 3.0-6.0%, Si 0.5-1.5%, V 0.1-0.5%, and the balance is Ni;

[0041] Specifically in this embodiment, its chemical composition by mass percentage includes: C 0.02%, Cr 15.40%, Fe 5.28%, Mn 0.92%, Mo 17.27%, W 4.41%, Si 0.88%, V 0.38%, and the balance is Ni.

[0042] The present invention also includes a manufacturing method of a nickel-based solid wire for the forging hammer of a precision forging machine. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0043] Step S1, preparation of batching raw materials: Prepare each chemical component according to the proportion range for batching. Among them, the raw materials are incorporated with corresponding industrial-grade pure metals, and the purity of the raw material electrolytic Ni (nickel) is set to ≥99.5%;

[0044] Step S2, prefabrication of master alloy: Put the alloy raw materials prepared in step S1 into a vacuum induction melting furnace for vacuum melting. During the refining period of vacuum melting: the temperature is set to 1580±10°C, the vacuum degree ≤1.0 Pa, which can minimize the intrusion of harmful gases such as oxygen and nitrogen. The melting time ≥1.0 h ensures the full mixing and homogenization of alloy elements. The melting weight per furnace ≤25 kg to obtain the prefabricated master alloy liquid, which is cooled to obtain a master alloy ingot. A vacuum induction melting furnace with a capacity of 30 kg is used. First, load 25 kg of the raw materials with the prepared proportion into the furnace, evacuate to 0.8 Pa, then raise the temperature to 1580°C, and the melting time ≥1.0 h. During the melting process, continuously monitor the vacuum degree through a vacuum gauge to ensure that it is always ≤1.0 Pa. After melting, pour the master alloy into an ingot for subsequent wire manufacturing process;

[0045] Step S3, medium frequency furnace protection melting: the master alloy ingot prefabricated by vacuum melting in step S2 is loaded into a medium frequency horizontal continuous casting furnace for melting, argon gas is introduced into the medium frequency horizontal continuous casting furnace for protection, the melting time is ≥1.0h, the melting temperature reaches 1560±10℃, Ca-Si powder is added for diffusion deoxidation, the molten pool is calmed for 10min, a slag remover is added for slag removal, and sampling is performed for chemical analysis. The chemical analysis step includes but is not limited to spectral analysis of chemical composition. When the chemical composition meets the requirements, horizontal continuous casting is started. The use of Ca-Si powder for diffusion deoxidation can effectively remove oxygen in the alloy, and improve To improve the purity of the welding wire, the molten pool calming and slag removal processes can further remove impurities and improve the purity of the alloy. The combination of these process steps can significantly improve the quality and performance of the welding wire, especially its crack resistance and high-temperature stability. 0.1% by weight of Ca-Si powder (Ca:Si=30:70) is added for deoxidation and allowed to stand for 10 minutes. Finally, 1% by weight of slag remover (mainly composed of SiO2 and Al2O3) is added and the slag is removed after thorough stirring. This can produce a high-purity, high-performance alloy melt, ready for subsequent horizontal continuous casting.

[0046] Step S4, horizontal continuous casting: During the horizontal continuous casting process, argon gas is continuously introduced into the horizontal continuous casting furnace to maintain the molten pool temperature at 1540±10°C. The water flow rate in the crystallizer is also controlled to obtain a welding wire embryo. Continuous argon gas protection can prevent the alloy melt from being oxidized during the heat preservation process. Strict control of the molten pool temperature (1540±10°C) can ensure the fluidity of the alloy and the stability of the solidification rate. An appropriate crystallizer water flow rate (40-45L / min) can provide a suitable cooling rate, which is conducive to forming an ideal metal structure. Precise control of these parameters can ensure the uniformity, density, and performance stability of the welding wire, thereby improving the overall quality and performance of the welding wire.

[0047] Step S5, wire straightening: Straighten the wire blank obtained by horizontal continuous casting in Step S4. The current of the straightening machine is 500 - 700 A, the pressure is 0.3 - 0.5 Mpa, and the straightness requirement is ±3 mm to obtain a nickel-based solid wire. The diameter of the nickel-based solid wire is 4.0 ± 0.1 mm. Precise control of the wire diameter can ensure the stability and consistency during the welding process. A diameter of 4.0 mm is suitable for the surfacing process of most forging hammers of precision forging machines. The tolerance range of ±0.1 mm not only ensures the accuracy of the wire size but also provides a certain tolerance space for the production process, which helps improve the welding quality, ensure the uniformity and performance stability of the transition layer, and further extend the service life of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine. In actual production, precision measuring tools such as micrometers or digital calipers can be used to detect the wire diameter. For example, randomly select a 2.0-meter-long wire and measure the diameter every 0.2 meters to ensure that all measurement results are between 3.9 mm and 4.1 mm. This can ensure the consistency of the wire diameter, and then ensure the stability of the welding process and the weld quality. The phosphorus content of the wire is ≤0.015%, and the sulfur content is ≤0.015%. Use an electric heating straightening machine. By adjusting the current and pressure, the wire can reach the required straightness after heating and stretching. The 2-meter straightedge inspection method can be adopted: Place a 2-meter-long wire on the platform and use a feeler gauge to check the maximum gap between the wire and the straightedge to ensure that it does not exceed 3 mm. Randomly inspect multiple positions of each coil of wire to ensure that the overall straightness meets the requirements.

[0048] The present invention also includes a surfacing method for the forging hammer of a precision forging machine. The specific welding steps are as follows:

[0049] A1: The thickness of the transition layer is 10.0 - 15.0 mm;

[0050] A2: Add high-purity argon shielding gas for surfacing, and the surfacing preheating temperature is 350 - 400 °C.

[0051] Example 3:

[0052] The present invention provides a nickel-based solid wire for the forging hammer of a precision forging machine. This wire is used for the surfacing of the transition layer of the forging hammer of a precision forging machine. Its chemical composition by mass percentage includes: C ≤ 0.15%, Cr 14.0 - 18.0%, Fe 4.0 - 6.0%, Mn 0.5 - 1.5%, Mo 15.0 - 20.0%, W 3.0 - 6.0%, Si 0.5 - 1.5%, V 0.1 - 0.5%, and the balance is Ni;

[0053] Specifically in this example, its chemical composition by mass percentage includes: C 0.02%, Cr 15.57%, Fe 4.89%, Mn 0.89%, Mo 17.20%, W 4.47%, Si 0.90%, V 0.33%, and the balance is Ni.

[0054] The present invention also includes a manufacturing method of a nickel-based solid wire for a forging hammer of a precision forging machine. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0055] Step S1, Preparation of batching raw materials: Prepare each chemical component according to the proportion range for batching. Among them, the corresponding industrial-grade pure metals are incorporated into the raw materials, and the purity of the electrolytic Ni (nickel) raw material is set to ≥99.5%;

[0056] Step S2, Preparation of prefabricated master alloy: Put the alloy raw materials prepared in Step S1 into a vacuum induction melting furnace for vacuum melting. During the refining period of vacuum melting: the temperature is set to 1580 ± 10 °C, and the vacuum degree is ≤1.0 Pa, which can minimize the intrusion of harmful gases such as oxygen and nitrogen. The melting time is ≥1.0 h to ensure the full mixing and homogenization of alloy elements. The melting weight per furnace is ≤25 kg to obtain the prefabricated master alloy liquid, and then it is cooled to obtain the master alloy ingot. Use a vacuum induction melting furnace with a capacity of 30 kg. First, load 25 kg of the raw materials with the prepared ratio into the furnace, evacuate to 0.8 Pa, then heat up to 1580 °C, and the melting time is ≥1.0 h. During the melting process, continuously monitor the vacuum degree through a vacuum gauge to ensure that it is always ≤1.0 Pa. After melting, pour the master alloy into an ingot for subsequent wire manufacturing process;

[0057] Step S3, Protective melting in an intermediate frequency furnace: Load the master alloy ingot prefabricated by vacuum melting in Step S2 into an intermediate frequency horizontal continuous casting furnace for melting. Argon is introduced into the intermediate frequency horizontal continuous casting furnace for protection. The melting time is ≥1.0 h, and the melting temperature reaches 1560 ± 10 °C. Add Ca-Si powder for diffusion deoxidation. After the molten pool is calmed for 10 min, add a slag remover to remove slag, and take a sample for chemical analysis. The chemical analysis steps include but are not limited to spectral analysis of chemical components. When the chemical components meet the requirements, start horizontal continuous casting. Using Ca-Si powder for diffusion deoxidation can effectively remove oxygen in the alloy and improve the purity of the wire. The processes of calming the molten pool and removing slag can further remove impurities and improve the purity of the alloy. The combination of these process steps can significantly improve the quality and performance of the wire, especially its crack resistance and high-temperature stability. Add 0.1% by weight of Ca-Si powder (Ca:Si = 30:70) for deoxidation and let it stand for 10 minutes; finally, add 3% by weight of slag remover (the main components are SiO2 and Al2O3), stir well and then remove slag; in this way, an alloy melt with high purity and excellent performance can be obtained, preparing for subsequent horizontal continuous casting;

[0058] Step S4, Horizontal Continuous Casting: During horizontal continuous casting, argon gas continues to be introduced into the horizontal continuous casting furnace for protection. The temperature of the molten pool in the furnace is maintained at 1540 ± 10 °C, and the water flow rate of the mold is controlled to obtain a wire blank. Continuous argon gas protection can prevent the alloy melt from being oxidized during the heat preservation process. Strictly controlling the molten pool temperature (1540 ± 10 °C) can ensure the fluidity of the alloy and the stability of the solidification rate; an appropriate water flow rate of the mold (40 - 45 L / min) can provide a suitable cooling rate, which is conducive to forming an ideal metal microstructure; precise control of these parameters can ensure the uniformity, density, and performance stability of the wire, thereby improving the overall quality and service effect of the wire.

[0059] Step S5, Wire Straightening: The wire blank obtained by horizontal continuous casting in Step S4 is straightened. The current of the straightening machine is 500 - 700 A, and the pressure is 0.3 - 0.5 Mpa. The straightness requirement is ±3 mm to obtain a nickel-based solid wire. The diameter of the nickel-based solid wire is 4.0 ± 0.1 mm. Precise control of the wire diameter can ensure the stability and consistency during the welding process. A diameter of 4.0 mm is suitable for the surfacing process of most forging hammers of precision forging machines. The tolerance range of ±0.1 mm not only ensures the accuracy of the wire size but also provides a certain tolerance space for the production process, which helps to improve the welding quality, ensure the uniformity and performance stability of the transition layer, and further improve the service life of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine. In actual production, precision measuring tools such as micrometers or digital calipers can be used to detect the wire diameter. For example, randomly select a 2.0-meter-long wire and measure the diameter every 0.2 meters to ensure that all measurement results are between 3.9 mm and 4.1 mm. This can ensure the consistency of the wire diameter, and then ensure the stability of the welding process and the weld quality. The phosphorus content of the wire is ≤0.015%, and the sulfur content is ≤0.015%. Use an electric heating straightening machine. By adjusting the current and pressure, the wire reaches the required straightness after heating and stretching. The 2-meter straightedge inspection method can be adopted: Place a 2.0-meter-long wire on the platform and use a feeler gauge to check the maximum gap between the wire and the straightedge to ensure that it does not exceed 3 mm. Randomly inspect multiple positions of each coil of wire to ensure that the overall straightness meets the requirements.

[0060] The present invention also includes a surfacing method for a forging hammer of a precision forging machine. The specific welding steps are as follows:

[0061] A1: The thickness of the transition layer is 10.0 - 15.0 mm;

[0062] A2: Add high-purity argon shielding gas for surfacing, and the surfacing preheating temperature is 350 - 400°C; during the surfacing process on the surface of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine, using this welding wire as the transition layer can effectively ensure the high-temperature thermal strength, thermal stability and crack resistance of the working layer; the existence of the transition layer stabilizes the comprehensive mechanical properties of the working layer, making the working layer not easily crack during use, thus significantly improving the service life of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine.

[0063] The use of nickel-based alloys provides good high-temperature performance and oxidation resistance; appropriate amounts of chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) enhance the corrosion resistance and high-temperature strength of the alloy; the addition of tungsten (W) further improves the high-temperature strength and thermal fatigue resistance; the presence of manganese (Mn) and silicon (Si) improves the welding performance and deoxidation effect. The trace addition of vanadium (V) helps to refine the grains, improve the strength and toughness of the alloy; by strictly controlling the carbon content (C ≤ 0.15%), the hardness of the weld layer can be reduced, and its plasticity and toughness can be improved, thus enhancing the crack resistance; specific manufacturing processes, such as vacuum melting and argon shielding melting, ensure the purity and uniformity of the alloy, further improving the performance and quality of the welding wire.

[0064] Example 4:

[0065] Respectively take the nickel-based solid welding wires prepared in the above Examples 1 - 3 and compare them with the welding wires in the prior art to obtain the following data:

[0066] Index Traditional nickel-based welding wire Welding wire of the present invention Crack resistance Poor (crack rate ≥ 5%) Excellent (crack rate ≤ 1%) Forging hammer life Steel passing capacity: 1000 - 2000 tons (alloy steel) Steel passing capacity: 2500 - 3500 tons (alloy steel) Cleanliness P ≤ 0.030%, S ≤ 0.030% P ≤ 0.015%, S ≤ 0.015%

[0067] As can be seen from the above table, the nickel-based solid welding wire prepared by the present invention forms a solid solution strengthening phase by using the composition of Mo (15 - 20%) + W (3 - 6%) to improve the high-temperature strength and creep resistance; while 14 - 18% of Cr enhances the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, and forms M 23 C6-type carbides with C; and the low C of ≤ 0.15% can reduce the brittleness of carbides and improve the crack resistance; the V with a ratio of 0.1 - 0.5% can refine the grains and improve the impact toughness, making the welding wire have excellent crack resistance, thermal fatigue resistance and high-temperature stability, and can significantly improve the service life of the forging hammer of the precision forging machine.

[0068] Finally: The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nickel-based solid wire for forging hammers of precision forging machines, characterized in that: This welding wire is used for surfacing the transition layer of a precision forging machine hammer. Its chemical composition by mass percentage includes: C ≤ 0.15%, Cr 14.0 - 18.0%, Fe 4.0 - 6.0%, Mn 0.5 - 1.5%, Mo 15.0 - 20.0%, W 3.0 - 6.0%, Si 0.5 - 1.5%, V 0.1 - 0.5%, and the balance is Ni.

2. A manufacturing method for a nickel-based solid wire for the forging hammer of the precision forging machine described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific preparation steps are as follows: Step S1, Preparation of batching raw materials: Prepare each chemical component according to the proportion range for batching. Among them, the raw materials are incorporated with corresponding industrial-grade pure metals, and the electrolytic Ni (nickel) purity of the raw materials is set to ≥ 99.5%; Step S2, Preparation of prefabricated master alloy: Put the alloy raw materials prepared in Step S1 into a vacuum induction melting furnace for vacuum melting. The melting weight per furnace is ≤ 25 kg to obtain the prefabricated master alloy liquid, and then cool it to obtain the master alloy ingot; Step S3, Melting under protection in an intermediate frequency furnace: Load the master alloy ingot prefabricated by vacuum melting in Step S2 into an intermediate frequency horizontal continuous casting furnace for melting. Argon is introduced into the intermediate frequency horizontal continuous casting furnace for protection. The melting time is ≥ 1.0 h, and the melting temperature reaches 1560 ± 10 °C. Add Ca - Si powder for diffusion deoxidation. After the molten pool is calm for 10 min, add slag remover to remove slag, and take samples for chemical analysis. When the chemical composition meets the requirements, start horizontal continuous casting; Step S4, Horizontal continuous casting: During the horizontal continuous casting process, argon is continuously introduced into the horizontal continuous casting furnace for protection. The temperature of the molten pool in the furnace is maintained at 1540 ± 10 °C, and the water flow rate of the mold is controlled to obtain the welding wire blank; Step S5, Straightening of the welding wire: Straighten the welding wire blank obtained by horizontal continuous casting in Step S4. The straightness requirement is ± 3 mm to obtain a nickel-based solid welding wire.

3. The manufacturing method of a nickel-based solid wire for a forging hammer of a precision forging machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the nickel-based solid welding wire obtained in Step S5 is 4.0 ± 0.1 mm, the phosphorus content of the welding wire is ≤ 0.015%, and the sulfur content is ≤ 0.015%.

4. The manufacturing method of a nickel-based solid wire for a forging hammer of a precision forging machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the refining period of vacuum melting in Step S2, the temperature is set to 1580 ± 10 °C, the vacuum degree is ≤ 1.0 Pa, and the melting time is ≥ 1.0 h.

5. The manufacturing method of a nickel-based solid wire for a forging hammer of a precision forging machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: In Step S4, the water flow rate of the mold for horizontal continuous casting is set to 40 - 45 L / min.

6. The manufacturing method of a nickel-based solid wire for a forging hammer of a precision forging machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chemical analysis steps in Step S3 include but are not limited to spectral analysis of chemical components.

7. A surfacing method for the forging hammer of a precision forging machine, which uses the nickel-based solid wire described in claim 1 for surfacing the transition layer, is characterized in that The specific welding steps are as follows: A1: The thickness of the transition layer is 10.0 - 15.0 mm; A2: Add a shielding gas for surfacing, and the preheating temperature for surfacing is 350 - 400 °C.

8. A surfacing method for a forging hammer of a precision forging machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shielding gas for surfacing in Step A2 is high-purity Ar.